WASTE WATER TREATMENT

MUNICIPAL & INDUSTRIAL WWTP

 TABLE OF CONTENTS
• AB PROCESS
• OXIDATION DITCH
• AO PROCESS
• ACQUISITION ACTIVITY
AB PROCESS
PRINCIPLE

• High sludge range in the A-stage with SR greater

than 2 kg BOD/(kg MLSS x d)
• Separation of the biogenesis of the respective stage
• Possible varying of operational methods in the A-
stage, i.e. aerobic or facultative anaerobic
operational
• methods adapted to the sewage water ingredients
• process engineering generally without preliminary
clarification in order to maintain better utilisation of
the microbiological reaction mechanism.
 AB PROCESS ADVANTAGES
• Compared with simple one stage or anaerobic process technologies
– Investment savings 20 % - 30 %
– Energy savings 20 % approx.
• Less sensitive to peak loads such as pH, COD, BOD5, nitrogen, etc.
• A-stage can receive a 50 to 100 times higher organic load than a
conventional activated sludge stage.
• Short bacteria generation times in the A stage; highly varied
microbiological potential; high variability and high mutation and
selection capacity generate a bacteria community capable of
responding and adapting rapidly to specific load conditions.
• Better and more balanced results can be reached with a multistage
process system than with a one stage system.
• A continuously operating system that is constantly supported and
inoculated from the outside shows a high process stability .
 THE AB PROCESS IS SUITABLE FOR
MOSTS INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

• Examples:
– Waste Water from Paper Mills
– Waste Water from the Pesticide Industry
– Waste Water from the Textile Industry
– Waste Water from the Dairy Industry
– Waste Water from the Tannery Industry
– Other Waste Waters
• COD of the effluent from the sewage treatment plant
before and after installation of anaerobic pretreatment
• AB Process Flow Chart for Paper Mills
• Flow Chart of Combined Municipal WWT
with 40% Textile Waste Water
• Flow Chart of Combined Waste Water
Treatment with 60% Tannery Waste Water
• Flow Chart for Tannery WWT
OXIDATION DITCH WWTP

• DOUBLE DITCH & TRIPPLE DITCH

 •Completely self-contained treatment process.
•Consistently produces a fully nitrified effluent, low in
BOD and suspended solids, without the use of clarifiers.

•Increased process stability and decreased operating

complexity compared to SBR's.
•Constant water level and continuous discharge, which
lowers the surface settling rate, lowers the weir overflow
rate, optimizes the aeration unit process and eliminates the
periodic surges of effluent associated with SBR's.

•The D-Ditch Process operating cycle consists of two main

phases (A & C), and two intermediate phases (B & D).
The operation cycles scheme showing phases C & D and
phases A & B as complimentary systems
During Phase A, the influent is directed to the ditch under aeration
(Ditch 1). The rotors aerate the mixed waste water, resulting in
degradation of the influent BOD and nitrification of ammonia-
nitrogen. The rotors are idle in Ditch 2, which is serving as a
clarifier. The mixed liquor flows from Ditch 1 to Ditch 2 because
the ditches are hydraulically interconnected by a port in the
common wall, and the effluent weir in Ditch 2 is lowered to allow
treated and clarified effluent to be discharged.

During Phase B, the influent is redirected into the discharge

channnel to Ditch 2, which continues to operate in the settling and
discharge mode. The duration of Phase B is relatively short, and the
volume of influent received small in comparison to the volume in
Ditch 2. Therefore, the influent has little effect on the treated
effluent being discharged. Ditch 1 is isolated.
The rotors in Ditch 1 are idle in Phase B so as to allow the
sludge blanket to drop in preparation for Phase C, when
Ditch 1 will begin discharging effluent.

Phase C is initiated by raising the effluent weir in ditch 2,

and lowering the effluent weir in Ditch 1. The rotors are
activated in Ditch 2, which continues to receive influent.
The hydraulic gradient through the ditches has been
reversed. Ditch 1 serves as a clarifier settling solids and
discharging treated effluent.

The D-Ditch can easily be expanded and upgraded by either

adding another oxidation ditch and operating the Triple
Ditch Process, or by adding clarifiers and operating a
BioDenitro Process.
• The Biodenitro Process
AO PROCESS
DESCRIPTION

The A/0 process improves upon the activated-sludge process by

using an anaerobic selector to develop biomass. This biomass
first stores BOD anaerobically and then assimilates phosphorus
in a subsequent oxic, or aerobic zone. Because its operation uses
anaerobic uptake of BOD, the process particularly resists
hydraulic and organic upsets. It also minimizes the presence of
Nocardia and other sludge-bulking organisms commonly found
in activated sludge plants. The A/0 process for secondary
treatment has been proven reliable and cost-effective through
extensive pilot testing and actual full-scale plant operation.
APPLICATIONS

Secondary or advanced treatment requirements with air- or

oxygen-activated sludge.
Process control problems resulting from sludge-bulking or wide
swings in organic loading.
Increase of designed organic load but limited available space.
Discharge standard requiring nutrient control in the future.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS

Non-Bulking Sludge:
Resistant to proliferation of bulking organisms.
Superior Settling Characteristics:
Settles rapidly and compacts well.
Precise process control.
Improved thickening and dewatering properties.
Improved Stability:
Anaerobic selector permits operation over a wide range of
hydraulic and organic loading conditions.
Ease of Operation:
Equipment is common to most treatment plants.
Physical layouts and flow schemes are similar to conventional
activated- sludge plants.
Reduced Construction Cost:
High-rate design results in less tankage.
Better use of existing facilities.
Air or Oxygen Aeration:
Compatible with either air or pure oxygen aeration systems (e.g.,
OASES ).
 ACQUISITION ACTIVITY
1999
• ECI Attends to the Whole or Part of
– Project Identification
– Project Acquisition
– Project Management
– Engineering
– Procurement
PROJECTS UNDER ACQUISITION IN 1999

• Nansihu WWTP
– Including Jining WWTP 200,000t/d, Tengzhou
WWTP 80,000t/d, Qufu WWTP 40,000t/d,
Yanzhou WWTP 40,000t/d
• A German government financed project
• Local manufacturing and equipment
installation partner contracted by ECI on
behalf of general contractor
• Local lobbying managed by ECI
• Dairy WWTP
– Including Hebei WWTP 100t/d, Dalian WWTP
100t/d, NanchangI WWTP 600t/d, NanchangII
WWTP 800t/d, Heilongjiang WWTP 1,200t/d
• An EU financed project
Complete price inquiry by ECI
ECI in consortium with local supplier and German
Designer
• Chongqing pesticide WWTP (350t/d)
– Contracted on behalf of European engineering
company
– Complete bidding and lobbying by ECI
– Identification of local subcontractors

• Sannong Pesticide WWTP (550t/d )

--- Rehabilitation of existing plant
• Linyi WWTP (100,000t/d)
Partly financed by German government loan
Identification of local partner and lobbying

• Keqiao dyeing WWTP (300,000t/d)

Partly financed by Japanese OECF loan
Process identification
Lobbying
Organizing of bidding consortium