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Allahabad
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Allahabad
Allahabad (Hindi: इलाहाबाद, Urdu: )اللہآباد, also इलाहाबाद
known as Prayag (Hindi: याग, Urdu: )پرياگ, is a اللہآباد
city in north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and
administrative headquarters of Allahabad District. The
ancient name of the city is Aggra (Sanskrit for "place
of sacrifice") and is believed to be the spot where
Brahma offered his first sacrifice after creating the
world. It is one of four sites of the Kumbh Mela, the
others being Haridwar, Ujjain and Nashik. It has a
position of importance in Hindu scriptures for it is
situated at the confluence, known as Triveni Sangam,
of the holy rivers, Ganges and Yamuna, and Hindu The new Yamuna bridge at Allahabad
Area
Contents • Elevation • 98 m (322 ft)
1 Etymology Codes
2 History • Pincode • 211xxx
3 Geography
3.1 Reorganisation of Allahabad
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Etymology
The name is derived from the one given to the city by the Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1583. The name in
Indian languages generally is Ilāhābād; ilah being Arabic for "(a) god" (in this context from Din-i-Ilahi, the
religion founded by Akbar), and "-ābād" is Persian for "to construct or to create", which explains the
meaning of the name Illahabad as "God's creation".
History
Main article: History of Allahabad
When the Aryans first settled in India, Allahabad and the district of
Kaushambi were important parts of their territory. The area became a
part of the Mauryan and Gupta empires of the east and the Kushan
empire of the west before becoming part of the Kannauj empire. Mahatma Gandhi attends a
Congress Working Committee
Allahabad became a part of the Mughal Empire after their invasion of meeting at Allahabad. Vallabhbhai
India in 1526. The Mughal emperor Akbar built a magnificent fort in Patel is to his left, Vijaya Lakshmi
Allahabad. The city was the scene of Maratha incursions before colonial Pandit to his right. January 1940.
rule was imposed over India.
In 1765, the British established a garrison at Fort Allahabad. In 1857, Allahabad was active in the Indian
Mutiny.
In 1931, at Alfred Park in Allahabad, the revolutionary Chandrashekhar Azad killed himself when
surrounded by the British Police. In the years of the struggle for Indian independence, the Nehru family
homes of Anand Bhavan and Swaraj Bhavan, both in Allahabad, were at the center of the political activities
of the Indian National Congress. Thousands of satyagrahis (nonviolent resistors) went to jail. The first Prime
Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, was a native of Allahabad.
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Geography
Allahabad is located at 25.45°N 81.84°E in the southern
part of the Uttar Pradesh at an elevation of 98 metres
(322 ft) and stands at the confluence of the Ganges and
Yamuna rivers. The region was known in antiquity as the
Vats country. To its southwest is the Bundelkhand
region, to its east and southeast is the Bagelkhand
region, to its north and northeast is the Awadh region
and to its west is the lower Doab region.
The land of the Allahabad district that falls between the Ganges and Yamuna is just like the rest of Doab,
fertile but not too moist, and is especially suitable for the cultivation of wheat. The non-doabi parts of the
district, which are the southern and eastern part of the district, are somewhat similar to those of adjoining
Bundelkhand and Bagelkhand regions - dry and rocky.
The Indian longitude that is associated with Jabalpur also passes through Allahabad, which is 343 km
(213 mi) north of Jabalpur on the same longitude.
Reorganisation of Allahabad
The Allahabad division and the district underwent a major reorganisation in the year 2000. The Etawah and
Farrukhabad districts of the Allahabad division were merged with the Agra division, while Kanpur dehat was
carved out from the Kanpur district and a separate Kanpur division was created.
Parts of the western areas of Allahabad were carved out to create the new Kaushambi district. Now the new
Allahabad division consists of Allahabad, Kaushambi, Pratapgarh and Fatehpur districts.
Demographics
Allahabad City has a population of 1,042,229 as per the 2001 census. It lists as the 32nd most populous city
in India[5]. Allahabad has an area of about 70 km2 (27 sq mi)[6] and is 98 m (320 ft) above sea level.
The dialect of Hindi spoken in Allahabad is Awadhi, although Khariboli is most commonly used in the city
area. In the eastern, non-doabi part of the Allahabad district Bagheli dialect is more common.
All major religions are practiced in Allahabad. Hindus comprise about 85% and Muslims about 12%. There
are small groups of Christians, Sikhs and Buddhists.
Climate
Allahabad experiences three seasons-hot dry
summer,cool dry winter and warm humid monsoon. The Allahabad
Climate chart
summer season lasts from April to June with the
J F M A M J J A S O N D
maximum temperatures ranging from 40 °C (104 °F) to
45 °C (113 °F). Monsoon begins in early July and lasts till
September. The winter season lasts from December to
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Civic Administration
Municipal Corporation of Allahabad (also called 10 10 0 0 0 90 290 290 170 40 0 0
Allahabad Nagar Nigam), is one of the old municipalities
of the state. The corporation came into existence in average max. and min. temperatures in °C
1864[6], when Lucknow Municipal Act was passed by precipitation totals in mm
Government of India. City municipal area is divided in
source: Weatherbase
total 80 wards and a member (the Corporator) from each
ward is elected to form the Municipal Committee[8]. The
(http://www.weatherbase.com/weather
Corporators elect the Mayor of city. The chief executive /weather.php3?s=57424&refer=&units=metric)
is the Commissioner of Allahabad who is appointed by Imperial conversion
the state government.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
102
99 99
Cityscape 88 90 88 88 88
81
75
70 82 84 72
81 81 79
77
72
64
61
55 54
52
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The urban area of city can be classified into three categories. The Old City
is economic center of city. This area is having high density where major All Saints Cathedral, Allahabad
roads are used as transport corridors as well as market streets. The newer in the night, late 19th century,
city around Civil Lines area, was conceived during British rule. This area figures among the finest
Cathedrals of India
is well planned on grid-iron road pattern with additional diagonal roads
which makes it an efficient city. It is a low density area with wide tree lined
avenues. It houses major educational institutions, offices, gardens and
cantonment areas. The outer growth areas include satellite towns along
major highways passing through cities. It also includes city areas trans
Ganges and Yamuna.
Places
Allahabad is well known for its sporting activities in the fields of Cricket, Anand Bhavan is a large
Badminton, Tennis and Gymnastics. There are several sports complexes mansion which belonged to
that can be used by both amateurs and professionals. These include the Nehru-Gandhi family earlier,
Madan Mohan Malaviya Cricket stadium, Mayo Hall Sports Complex and now owned by Government and
converted into a museum.
the Boys' High School & College Gymnasium. There are several swimming
facilities throughout the city as well. Allahabad has a prominent place in
Indian Gymnastics. It is the leading team in SAARC and Asian countries. Khelgaon Public School at Jhalwa,
Allahabad provides training in Gymnastics. Khelgaon Gymnasts won two Gold and 3 silver medals at 33rd
Tulit Peter Memorial Cup-2007 held at Hungary. The largest icon of Indian hockey till date, Major
Dhyanchand, was born on August 29, 1906, in Allahabad. He won gold medal in three successive Olympic
games: Amsterdam Olympics 1928, Los Angeles Olympics 1932 and Berlin Olympics 1936. Mohammed
Kaif, Indian cricket player, is from Allahabad. Another prominent sporting personality from Allahabad is
Abhinn Shyam Gupta who won the National title of badminton in 2002.
Architecture
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University Science Faculty buildings have classical architectural designs and have strong Victorian and
Islamic style architectural influences.
Allahabad High Court (1916) - Chief Justice, Sir John Staley laid the foundation in 1911. It was finally
completed in 1916 and opened by Viceroy Lord Chelmsford. Designed by Frank Lishman. this structure is
subtly adapted to the climate as is evident from the double roofing with tiles from Allahabad on top to beat
the summer heat. Conceived in a grand fashion, it has a domed pediment centre, arcade wings, stone
balustrades and engrained arches. It reflects a beautiful synthesis of Eastern and Western architectural
styles.
Khusro Bagh - The three sandstone mausoleums within this walled garden, present an exquisite example of
Mughal architecture.
Public Library (1864)- Standing at Alfred Park it is a beautiful building designed by R.Roskell Rayne. This
public library is another remarkable example of Gothic Style. The memorial has a lofty tower and accorded
cloisters.
The Old High Court and Public Offices - They are four-storied block. Made of sandstone and ashore these
were built by Colonel Pile in I 870 in the classical style. The Minto Park to the west of the ton has a
Memorial Pillar enriched with Royal medallions and four lions carrying the Imperial coronet. This was a
memorial pillar to the Royal Proclamation of the assumption of rule by the British crown in 1858. The
Municipal Museum adjoining the library is yet another colonial structure that is a treasure-trove of
archaeological artifacts.
The new Yamuna bridge built jointly by Hindustan Construction Company and Hyundai Engineering and
Construction, is India's first cable stayed four lane road bridge in India, representing modern design
structure.[10] This large bridge has two pylons made of concrete, which support a large part of bridge deck
with the help of attached steel cables.
Transportation
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Air
Road
Train
Education
Main article: Schools, colleges and universities of Allahabad
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Allahabad attracts students and learners from all over country. Allahabad
has one central university, three deemed universities, research and
technical institutions and colleges known for providing higher education in
vast range of disciplines. Few of the reputed ones can be listed as following.
There are many government aided and private schools and colleges in Allahabad which are affiliated with
either the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE), the Central Board for Secondary Education
(CBSE), or the UP Board of High School and Intermediate Education. Allahabad is one of the regional
divisions of CBSE and head office of UP Board of High School and Intermediate Education. English is the
medium of instructions in most private schools while government aided schools and colleges offer both Hindi
and English medium education. Bishop Johnson School & College, St Joseph's College, Boys' High School
and College (http://www.boyshighschool.com/) , Maharshi Patanjali Vidya Mandir
(http://www.mpvm.edu.in/) , Delhi Public School, St Mary's Convent School, Girls' High School,
Government Intermediate College and Colonelganj Intermediate College are some of the reputed schools in
city.
To cater needs of vocational, technical and professional education in rural areas of Allahabad and nearby
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districts, the Ministry of HRD, Government of India has recently started another university named[16] at
Dubawal village of Allahabad. The university currently offers academic programs at graduate and post
graduate levels in various disciplines including Arts, Commerce, Science, Education (as subject), Law,
Management, Rural Development, Master of Social Works, Computer Applications, Journalism etc[17].
Industries
Allahabad has few industries. The main industrial area of Allahabad is Naini where several public and
private sector companies have their units, offices and factories. To name few big companies are - Areva
T&D India Ltd (A division of multinational Areva Group), Indian Telephone Industry Ltd. (ITI
(http://www.itiltd-india.com/) ), Bharat Pumps and Compressors Limited (BPCL), Reliance Industries
Limited - Allahabad Manufacturing Division (http://www.ril.com/html/aboutus/manufact_allahabad.html) ,
Hindustan Cables Limited (http://www.hindcables.com/sub/units.htm#Naini) , Triveni Structurals Limited
(TSL (http://tslindia.org/about_us.htm) - a subsidiary of Bharat Yantra Nigam), Glass Factory etc.
Indian Farmers Fertilizer Co-Operative Limited is situated in Phulpur area. It is more commonly known as
IFFCO (http://www.iffco.nic.in) . It has several complexes in India and IFFCO (http://www.iffco.nic.in) ,
phulpur is one of them. IFFCO (http://www.iffco.nic.in) , Phulpur complex has two production units –
Phulpur unit-I and Phulpur unit-II and is the world’s largest fertilser complex based on naphtha as feed
stock.
Naini is also world wide famous for Noorani Oil manufactured by Rahat Industries, Naini, which is a
famous oil for pain & massage oil
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References
1. ^ [1] (http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&
state5=999) Official census data of Indian cities as on 2001
2. ^ http://www.allahabad.nic.in/
3. ^ http://www.up-tourism.com/destination/allahabad/about.htm
4. ^ Mission Cities at http://jnnurm.nic.in/nurmudweb/missioncities.htm
5. ^ http://www.citymayors.com/gratis/indian_cities.html
6. ^ a b http://allahabadnagarnigam.in/english/about_nagarnigam_allahabad.htm
7. ^ Weatherbase.com (http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=057424&refer=&units=metric)
8. ^ http://allahabadnagarnigam.in/english/governingbody.htm
9. ^ Architecture of All Saints Cathedral http://www.allsaintscathedralallahabad.com/ARCHITECTURE.htm
10. ^ refer KEY FACTS by HCC http://www.hccindia.com/core_business_inner.php?page=core_business&id=3
11. ^ India - Allahabad Bypass Project http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/PROJECTS
/0,,contentMDK:20133102~menuPK:64282137~pagePK:41367~piPK:279616~theSitePK:40941,00.html
12. ^ http://www.constructionupdate.com/products/projectsinfo/2008/28-Julyto3rd-August-2008/013.html
13. ^ "IIITA Sources (http://www.iiita.ac.in/inner.php?conf=ranking) ". http://www.iiita.ac.in
/inner.php?conf=ranking.
14. ^ Exclusive India Today-Gallup Survey http://www.india-today.com/itoday/20010521/cover-engineering.shtml
15. ^ http://www.india-today.com/itoday/20010521/coverengineering.html
16. ^ http://www.nehrugrambharati.org.in/index.html Nehru Gram Bharti Vishwavidyalaya
17. ^ Program details of Nehru Gram Bharti Vishwavidyalaya http://www.nehrugrambharati.org.in/admission-
programme--procedure.html
External links
Official website of Allahabad (http://allahabad.nic.in/)
Allahabad Development Authority (http://ada.iiita.ac.in/)
Allahabad Nagar Nigam (Municipal Office) (http://allahabadnagarnigam.in/english/default.htm)
High Court Allahabad (http://www.allahabadhighcourt.in/indexhigh.html)
Board of High School and Intermediate Education Uttar Pradesh, Allahabad (http://upmsp.nic.in
/aboutus.htm)
Allahabad travel guide from Wikitravel
Allahabad at Wikimapia - Showing places, geography, terrain, routes in and around Allahabad using
satellite images (http://wikimapia.org/#lat=25.4293227&lon=81.8687439&z=12&l=0&m=s)
All Saints Cathedral (Pathar Girjaghar), Allahabad (http://www.allsaintscathedralallahabad.com
/index.html)
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allahabad"
Categories: Cities and towns in Allahabad district | Hindu holy cities | Yamuna River | Places of Indian
Rebellion of 1857 | Allahabad railway division | Divisions of Indian Railways | North Central Railway Zone |
Tourism in Uttar Pradesh
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