X-Steel 14

Tekla Structures
Release Notes
Product version 14.0

April 2008
© 2008 Tekla Corporation

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Contents
1 Tekla Structures 14.0 Release Notes....................................................... 9
2 Steel Detailing.......................................................................................... 11
2.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 11
New licensing system FLEXnet........................................................................................................ 11
New menu structure ......................................................................................................................... 12
Menu tooltips.................................................................................................................................... 13
Improvements in using multi-user models........................................................................................ 13
Selecting objects using right-click .................................................................................................... 14
Controlling access to attribute files .................................................................................................. 15
Custom toolbar for the Options dialog box....................................................................................... 15
Model templates............................................................................................................................... 16
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................... 17
2.2 Modeling ............................................................................................................................................... 18
Detecting changes in reference models........................................................................................... 18
Improvements in clash checking ...................................................................................................... 21
Checking for duplicate objects ......................................................................................................... 21
Snapping to part center lines ........................................................................................................... 22
New Copy and Move commands ..................................................................................................... 23
Querying assembly properties ......................................................................................................... 23
Querying part properties .................................................................................................................. 24
Improvements in flying through the model ....................................................................................... 25
Improvements in tubular sections .................................................................................................... 26
Improvements in surface treatment functionality.............................................................................. 27
Improvements in welds .................................................................................................................... 28
Splitting plates and slabs ................................................................................................................. 28
Using parametric profile separators with multiple characters........................................................... 30
Finding distant objects ..................................................................................................................... 30
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................... 31
2.3 Drawings............................................................................................................................................... 33
Creating multiple drawings of the same object ................................................................................ 33
Improvements in associativity and intelligent cloning....................................................................... 33
Exaggerated dimensions.................................................................................................................. 37
Dimensioning bolt position from neighbor part working points......................................................... 40
TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 3

New angle dimension type ............................................................................................................... 42
Dimension unit formatting according to German conventions.......................................................... 43
Customizable line types in drawings ................................................................................................ 44
Changing the view scale .................................................................................................................. 45
Symbol with partial profile - new part representation option............................................................. 46
Improvements in grid labels ............................................................................................................. 49
Defining a fixed size for detail boundaries........................................................................................ 49
Fixed placing of drawing views......................................................................................................... 50
Fixed placing of dragged drawing objects ........................................................................................ 51
Improvements in representation of view labels ................................................................................ 51
Improvements in hidden object representation in drawing views ..................................................... 54
Creating surface treatment symbols................................................................................................. 55
Removing change symbols .............................................................................................................. 57
Scaling line weights while printing.................................................................................................... 57
.NET support for drawings................................................................................................................ 59
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................... 59
2.4 Templates and Reports......................................................................................................................... 61
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................... 61
2.5 Import and Export.................................................................................................................................. 62
Improvements in NC files ................................................................................................................. 62
Improvements in Export Drawings dialog box .................................................................................. 62
Exporting user-defined and template attributes as property sets into IFC models........................... 63
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................... 64
2.6 Custom Components ............................................................................................................................ 64
Speed improvements ....................................................................................................................... 64
Limitations in opening models with custom components ................................................................. 65
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................... 65
2.7 Components.......................................................................................................................................... 65
New components for pre-engineered buildings................................................................................ 65
Improvements in stair components .................................................................................................. 67
Connections ..................................................................................................................................... 74
Details .............................................................................................................................................. 80
Cold rolled ........................................................................................................................................ 82
3 Precast Concrete Detailing..................................................................... 85

3.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 85
New licensing system FLEXnet........................................................................................................ 85
New menu structure ......................................................................................................................... 86
Menu tooltips .................................................................................................................................... 87
Improvements in using multi-user models........................................................................................ 87
Selecting objects using right-click .................................................................................................... 88
4 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

Controlling access to attribute files .................................................................................................. 89
Custom toolbar for the Options dialog box....................................................................................... 89
Model templates............................................................................................................................... 90
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................... 91
3.2 Modeling ............................................................................................................................................... 92
Detecting changes in reference models........................................................................................... 92
Improvements in clash checking ...................................................................................................... 95
Checking for duplicate objects ......................................................................................................... 95
Snapping to part center lines ........................................................................................................... 96
New Copy and Move commands ..................................................................................................... 97
Querying cast unit properties ........................................................................................................... 97
Querying part properties .................................................................................................................. 98
Improvements in flying through the model ....................................................................................... 99
Improvements in surface treatment functionality............................................................................ 100
Improvements in shortening........................................................................................................... 101
Splitting plates and slabs ............................................................................................................... 101
Defining and showing the top-in-form face..................................................................................... 103
Using parametric profile separators with multiple characters......................................................... 103
Finding distant objects ................................................................................................................... 104
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 105
3.3 Drawings............................................................................................................................................. 106
Improvements in associativity and intelligent cloning..................................................................... 106
Exaggerated dimensions................................................................................................................ 110
Dimension unit formatting according to German conventions........................................................ 113
New angle dimension type ............................................................................................................. 114
Improvements in reinforcement dimensions .................................................................................. 115
Customizable line types in drawings .............................................................................................. 118
Better text placing in reinforcement pull-outs ................................................................................. 119
Changing the view scale ................................................................................................................ 120
Symbol with partial profile - new part representation option .......................................................... 121
Improvements in grid labels ........................................................................................................... 123
Defining a fixed size for detail boundaries ..................................................................................... 124
Fixed placing of drawing views ...................................................................................................... 124
Fixed placing of dragged drawing objects...................................................................................... 125
Scaling line weights while printing.................................................................................................. 126
Placing of the base points of the reinforcing bar mark leader lines................................................ 127
Improvements in representation of view labels .............................................................................. 128
Improvements in hidden object representation in drawing views................................................... 131
Creating surface treatment symbols .............................................................................................. 132
Removing change symbols ............................................................................................................ 134
New option in representation of reinforcing bars............................................................................ 134
.NET support for drawings ............................................................................................................. 135

Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 135
3.4 Templates and Reports....................................................................................................................... 137
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 137
3.5 Import and Export................................................................................................................................ 138
Improvements in Export Drawings dialog box ................................................................................ 138
Exporting user-defined and template attributes as property sets into IFC models......................... 138
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 139
3.6 Custom Components .......................................................................................................................... 140
Speed improvements ..................................................................................................................... 140
Limitations in opening models with custom components ............................................................... 140
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 140
3.7 Components........................................................................................................................................ 140
Precast stairs (65) .......................................................................................................................... 140
Corbel connection (14) ................................................................................................................... 141
Modeling tools ................................................................................................................................ 143
Reinforcement components ........................................................................................................... 144
Edge and corner reinforcement (62) ........................................................................................ 144
Beam reinforcement (63) ......................................................................................................... 145
Beam end reinforcement (79) .................................................................................................. 146
3.8 Reinforcement..................................................................................................................................... 147
New reinforcing bar bending types................................................................................................. 147
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 150
4 Engineering............................................................................................ 153
4.1 General ............................................................................................................................................... 153
New licensing system FLEXnet...................................................................................................... 153
New menu structure ....................................................................................................................... 154
Menu tooltips .................................................................................................................................. 155
Improvements in using multi-user models...................................................................................... 155
Selecting objects using right-click .................................................................................................. 156
Controlling access to attribute files................................................................................................. 157
Custom toolbar for the Options dialog box ..................................................................................... 157
Model templates ............................................................................................................................. 158
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 159
4.2 Modeling.............................................................................................................................................. 160
Detecting changes in reference models ......................................................................................... 160
Splitting plates and slabs................................................................................................................ 163
Improvements in clash checking .................................................................................................... 164
Snapping to part center lines.......................................................................................................... 165
New Copy and Move commands ................................................................................................... 166
Querying part properties................................................................................................................. 166

Improvements in flying through the model ..................................................................................... 167
Using parametric profile separators with multiple characters......................................................... 168
Improvements in shortening........................................................................................................... 168
Improvements in tubular sections .................................................................................................. 169
Finding distant objects ................................................................................................................... 170
Checking for duplicate objects ....................................................................................................... 170
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 171
4.3 Drawings............................................................................................................................................. 172
Creating multiple drawings of the same object .............................................................................. 172
Improvements in associativity and intelligent cloning..................................................................... 173
Exaggerated dimensions................................................................................................................ 177
Dimension unit formatting according to German conventions........................................................ 180
Dimensioning bolt position from neighbor part working points....................................................... 181
New angle dimension type ............................................................................................................. 183
Improvements in reinforcement dimensions .................................................................................. 184
Customizable line types in drawings .............................................................................................. 187
Better text placing in reinforcement pull-outs ................................................................................. 188
Changing the view scale ................................................................................................................ 189
Symbol with partial profile - new part representation option .......................................................... 190
Improvements in grid labels ........................................................................................................... 192
Defining a fixed size for detail boundaries ..................................................................................... 193
Fixed placing of drawing views ...................................................................................................... 193
Fixed placing of dragged drawing objects...................................................................................... 194
Scaling line weights while printing.................................................................................................. 195
Placing of the base points of the reinforcing bar mark leader lines................................................ 196
Improvements in representation of view labels .............................................................................. 197
Improvements in hidden object representation in drawing views................................................... 200
Creating surface treatment symbols .............................................................................................. 201
Removing change symbols ............................................................................................................ 203
New option in representation of reinforcing bars............................................................................ 203
.NET support for drawings ............................................................................................................. 204
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 204
4.4 Templates and Reports ...................................................................................................................... 206
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 206
4.5 Import and Export ............................................................................................................................... 207
Improvements in NC files ............................................................................................................... 207
Improvements in Export Drawings dialog box................................................................................ 208
Exporting user-defined and template attributes as property sets into IFC models......................... 208
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 209
4.6 Reinforcement .................................................................................................................................... 210
New reinforcing bar bending types................................................................................................. 210
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 212

4.7 Analysis and Design............................................................................................................................ 213
Analysis model geometry ............................................................................................................... 213
Fix list ............................................................................................................................................. 213
5 Project Management ............................................................................. 215

5.1 Fix list.................................................................................................................................................. 215

1 Tekla Structures 14.0
Release Notes
Tekla Structures version 14.0 is a main release and contains many new features and fixes.
Compatibility Tekla Structures 14.0 is compatible with all previous versions. You can open and work with
existing models using Tekla Structures 14.0. Note the following issues:
• To avoid conversion problems, always open a model created with an older version of Tekla
Structures as a single-user model first.
• Updating drawings created with an older version of Tekla Structures in Tekla Structures
14.0 may cause problems. We recommend that you complete any drawings you have started
using your current version or recreate the drawings using Tekla Structures 14.0.
• We recommend that you always check that custom components created in older versions
work correctly in the new version of Tekla Structures.
When you open custom components made with an older version of Tekla Structures in the
Custom component editor, and the new version contains improvements requiring update,
Tekla Structures asks whether you want to update the component. If you do not update the
component, it works in the same manner as in the version where it was originally made, but
you do not gain the benefits of the improvements.
If you choose to update the component, you need to check and sometimes even recreate
dimensions depending on the improvements. When you delete a dimension and create a new
one (even with the same name), also the equations containing the dimension need to be
edited, because the dependency created by the equation is lost when a dimension is deleted.
You can recreate the dimensions and edit the equations easily in the Custom component
editor.
We suggest that you complete any models you have started using your current version.
Once you save a model in Tekla Structures 14.0, you cannot open it in
previous versions of Tekla Structures.
Installing Tekla Structures setup creates a new subfolder for Tekla Structures 14.0
You need Windows Administrator rights to install Tekla Structures 14.0. This ensures that all
Windows system folder *.dll files are updated.

Tekla Structures 14.0 Release Notes
Tekla Structures 14.0 Release Notes
2 Steel Detailing
2.1 General
New licensing system FLEXnet
Tekla Structures 14.0 includes a new licensing system called FLEXnet, provided by
Macrovision. The new licensing system does not affect the functioning or features of Tekla
Structures.
The main benefits of the new licensing system are:
• Hardware locks and password files are no longer needed.
• Updating and renewing of licenses is easier.
• Handling of licenses is more efficient. The licenses can be installed on a server in a local
area network. When users start Tekla Structures, it automatically obtains a license from the
server. When the user no longer needs the license, the license is returned to the license
server and it is available to another user.
• Users can be guaranteed access or denied access to certain Tekla Structures configurations.
You can create user groups with different access rights.
• When users leave the office and have no connection to the license server, they can borrow
licenses for a limited time for offline use. The borrowed license is reserved for the user until
it expires or it is returned.
• You do not have to install all of your licenses on the same server. You can, for example,
activate half of your licenses on a common server and the rest of the licenses locally on each
user's laptop. You can easily change the location of the licenses by returning the licenses to
Tekla and then activating themon another computer.
You cannot use your existing hardware locks, password files or floating
licenses with Tekla Structures 14.0.

Steel Detailing
Installation
Before setting up the license server, make sure you have read the Tekla
Structures FLEXnet Licensing User Guide PDF, which is available in
the ...\TeklaStructures\License folder.
The installation process consists of the following phases:

1. Installing the FLEXnet license server
You can install the license server on one or more servers. For single users, Tekla Structures
and the license server can also be installed on the same computer.
2. Activating the licenses on the license server
During the activation, the license rights are transferred from Tekla to your company and the
licenses become enabled.
3. Configuring the license server
4. Pointing the license server to the Tekla Structures installation on each client computer
For technical support, please contact your local Tekla Structures helpdesk.
New menu structure

Tekla Structures 14.0 includes a new menu structure, both in the Model and Drawing
Editors.The new menu structure will benefit both new and existing users of Tekla Structures.
Changes in the The number of menus has been cut down from 16 to 10 in the Model Editor, and from 9 to 8 in
menu structure the Drawing Editor.
Benefits Benefits for new users:
• Logical, easy to use and learn structure.
• Easier to find menu-related commands . There is no need to search through menus when
you cannot remember the name of a particular command.
• Shorter learning curve.
Benefits for existing users:
• More logical menu structure that follows your workflow.
• Related commands are found within the same menu. There is no need to search out
infrequently used commands .
• It is easier to discover new commands.
Changes in The contents of the default toolbars for both the Model and Drawing Editor have been checked
default toolbars based on user feedback received by Tekla and collected by the Automatic User Feedback
Program. Some new icons have been added to toolbars and some seldom used have been
removed.
Users of Steel Detailing configuration now have only steel-related icons visible by default. You
can have concrete-related icons visible easily if needed by clicking a button that opens the
concrete toolbar.
You can customize your toolbars by using the Customize dialog box.
You can also revert to the Tekla Structures version 13.0 toolbars by clicking Tools > Toolbars
> Version 13 Toolbars > All Default Toolbars.
For more information on the new menu structure, see New Menu Structure Tutorial in Help >
Learning Center > New Menu Structure Tutorial.

Steel Detailing
Menu tooltips
In addition to the conventional tooltips and the enhanced tooltips, there is now a new type of
tooltip available called the menu tooltip.
The menu tooltips provide the same functionality as the enhanced tooltips, but for menu
commands. The menu tooltips are displayed in a separate window, which you can drag and drop
to any position on the screen:
To hide or display the menu tooltips, click Tools > Options > Menu Tooltips.
Improvements in using multi-user models

Version of the The Active Multi-Users dialog box now displays also the version of the server you are running.
server
Clearing locks You can now clear the locks of objects from other users on the multi-user server. To do this,
right-click a user in the Active Multi-Users dialog box and select Clear locks.

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Using this command removes all the locks the user has on objects. This means that if an
application error has occurred on the user’s computer, the locks on locked objects can be cleared.
To use this feature you need to define the action AllowMultiuserKick and give full
permissions to the users that may clear locks in the file privileges.inp located in the
folder ..\TeklaStructures\14.0\environments\*your_environment\inp.
When you are about to open a drawing, Tekla Structures displays a notification on the status of
the drawing. The options are:
• Someone is already editing it.
• Someone has already edited it (drawing has been saved to their computer, but not yet to the
server).
• The drawing has already been saved and there is a newer version available on the server.
Locks for drawings are only used when a drawing is edited manually, not
for example when drawings are automatically edited through cloning.
Deleting Every time you update a drawing,Tekla Structures creates a new drawing (.dg) file in the
unnecessary drawings sub-folder of the model. After that, the previous drawing file is not used.
drawing files
In previous versions, it has not been possible to get rid of these unnecessary drawing files in
multi-user mode. This is because during a multi-user session it is not possible to know whether
a file is going to be used by some other user logged to the model when someone exits the model.
To get rid of these files, you have had to log onto the model in single-user mode and exit the
model with saving.
Now in Tekla Structures 14.0 you can have the unnecessary drawing files deleted automatically
when the last user exits the model and saves the model. To do this, set the variable
XS_DELETE_UNNECESSARY_DRAWINGS to TRUE in the global_default_env.ini file
located in the ..\TeklaStructures\14.0\environments\country-
independent folder. For additional safety, drawing files that are less than seven days old are
not deleted.
Selecting objects using right-click

Now when you click a model or drawing object with the right mouse button, Tekla Structures
automatically selects the object and opens its pop-up menu. Previously you first had to select the
object, and then right-click to open the pop-up menu.
If you already have several objects selected and you right-click one of them, Tekla Structures
keeps the objects selected and opens the pop-up menu. If you right-click outside the selected

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objects, Tekla Structures deselects them, selects the object you right-clicked, and opens its pop-
up menu. Right-clicking the plain view background also keeps the current selection.
You can use Ctrl and Shift to control the selection also when you select
objects using right-click.
To turn this feature on or off, click Tools > Options > Select on Right-Click. A check mark
next to Select on Right-Click indicates that the feature is active.
Controlling access to attribute files

You can now control access to attribute files by defining which attribute files are visible in the
user interface. The user interface becomes clearer, as the unnecessary attribute files are not
shown.
To do this, use the new variable XS_ATTRIBUTE_FILE_EXCLUDE_LIST in Tools > Options >
Advanced Options... > File Locations.
Enter the file name or a part of the file name that you want to exclude from the user interface as
the value for the variable. If you enter many values, separate them using a semicolon (;). For
example, setting the variable to _eng;_det removes all the attribute files that include the string
_eng or _det in their name from the user interface.
Custom toolbar for the Options dialog box

You can now create a custom toolbar to access the tab pages of the Options dialog box more
easily. Each tab page has its own command on the custom toolbar, which means you have direct
access to any tab page of the dialog box.
To create a custom toolbar for the Options dialog box:
1. Click Tools > Customize...
2. On the Toolbars tab, click New....
A new toolbar with the name UserToolbar 1 appears in the toolbar tree. You can enter a
new name for the toolbar.
3. In the Category list box, select Options to display the available commands.
4. Select the commands and click the right arrow to add them to the new toolbar:

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5. Select the Visible checkbox to display the new toolbar in Tekla Structures.
6. Click Close.
You can also assign a keyboard shortcut to any of the above commands.
Copy the command to the User menu to activate the shortcut.
For more information on assigning keyboard shortcuts, see Defining
shortcuts in the online help.
Model templates
You can now use model templates as a basis when you create new models. Model templates
consist of predefined settings.

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For more information on creating model templates, see the Tekla Struc-
tures 14.0 Administrator’s Guide.
The 1stStepsWithTeklaStructures template is meant to be used only

with the First Steps with Tekla Structures interactive tutorial.
Fix list
Initialization files • The first character was not found in path command in initialization files. For example, path
c:\TeklaStructures\13.1\nt\bin;... became
PATH=:\TeklaStructures\13.1\nt\bin;...This has now been fixed.
This fix relates to installing Tekla Structures and customizing the instal-
lation on an advanced level.
Speed • Tekla Structures versions which use the FLEXnet licensing system work also on 64-bit
improvements Windows operating systems, but they are run in 32-bit mode, which means that the
maximum virtual memory address space for Tekla Structures is 4 GB. The practical benefit
from this is the ability to work with models twice as big as before without the risk of running
out of memory.
• Creating parts and using reference model objects is now considerably faster.
• All operations with large construction circles are now significantly faster to display in the
model. For example, selecting large construction circles, or redrawing views that contain
large construction circles is much faster than in previous versions.
Multi-user • The Active Multi-Users dialog box now keeps the current sort order even if you click
improvements Refresh.
Server program • The New dialog box now remembers also the port numbers of the multi-user servers that
settings you have used before.
Viewer • The question Do you want to save the model before you exit? has been replaced with the
configuration question Do you want to exit? in the Viewer configuration, because saving models with
this configuration is not possible.

Steel Detailing
2.2 Modeling
Detecting changes in reference models
Reference models are often updated, but the changes are rarely documented. In Tekla Structures
14.0 you can now easily see the changes between an old and a new reference model by using the
new commands in the Reference Object Properties dialog box.
You can choose to display one of the following:
• The new file
• The old file
• Unchanged objects
• Changed objects
• Deleted objects
• Inserted objects
You can detect changes in reference models that are of the following file
formats:
• IFC (.ifc)
• Cadmatic (.3dd)
• WebViewer (.xml)
• DWG (.dwg)
To detect changes:
1. Select the reference model and double-click it to display the Reference Object dialog box.
2. Browse for the name of the old file by clicking the Browse... button next to the Old file
name field.
3. Select an option in the Show list box in the Change detection section. For example, select
Changed to see the changed objects in a reference model.

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4. Click Display. Tekla Structures highlights the changed reference model objects.
5. Click Modify to stop detecting the changes.
Example In the following example you will see the how the changes are displayed in the reference model.
The old file:
The new file:

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The Show option has been set to Changed in the Reference Object Properties dialog box:
The Show option has been set to Inserted in the Reference Object Properties dialog box:
The Show option has been set to Deleted in the Reference Object Properties dialog box:

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Other • You can now import also files of STEP (Standard for the Exchange of Product model data)
improvements in format as reference model into Tekla Structures.
reference models
Improvements in clash checking

The following improvements have been made to clash checking in Tekla Structures 14.0:
• Clash checking now recognizes clashes with reference models. The IDs of the clashing
reference model objects are displayed in the clash check log in the List dialog box.
The following file types are supported:
• IFC
• DWG
• DGN
• Clashes of objects that are only touching one another are not included in the clash check log.
• Colliding parts are now highlighted in yellow already during clash checking.
• The clash check progress is displayed in the status bar. You can continue working during
the clash check.
• If you start clash checking while another clash check is still running, you can choose
whether to continue checking, restart the operation and check the currently selected parts,
or stop checking.
If you are working on a large model, running the clash check may some-
times be slow. In that case you can use the old clash checking function-
ality, which does not recognize clashes with reference models.
To revert to the old functionality, set the variable
XS_USE_NEW_CLASH_CHECK to FALSE in Tools > Options > Advanced
Options... > Modeling Properties. The default value is TRUE.
Checking for duplicate objects

When you copy or move objects, Tekla Structures checks for duplicate objects in the location
where you are about to copy or move the objects to. Tekla Structures also checks for duplicates
if you create new parts in the same location with an existing part.

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Tekla Structures considers two objects duplicates if they have the same
orientation and the same size of bounding box.
If duplicates are found, you can choose whether to keep or delete the duplicate objects.
This functionality does not apply to objects that you copy by using a
modeling tool, such as the Array of Objects (29) component.
Use the variable XS_DUPLICATE_CHECK_LIMIT_FOR_COPY_AND_MOVE in Tools > Options...

> Advanced Options > Modeling Properties to define the maximum number of objects that can
be checked for duplicates while copying or moving objects.
If the selection contains too many objects, Tekla Structures does not check for duplicates. The
default value is 100.
Snapping to part center lines

In Tekla Structures 14.0 you can snap to part center lines in model views. This is very useful,
for example, when you model braces.
When you want to snap to part center lines, ensure that the Snap to geometry points / lines
switch is active.
To show part center lines in a model view:
1. Double-click the plain view background.
2. In the View Properties dialog box, click the Display... button.
3. In the Display dialog box, click the Advanced tab.

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4. Select the Part center lines check box.
5. Click the Modify button.
6. Close the Display and View Properties dialog boxes.
For more information on snapping, see Snap switches and Snapping in the online help.
New Copy and Move commands

Tekla Structures 14.0 includes the following new copy and move commands on the Edit menu:
• Copy Special > To Another Object
• Move Special > To Another Object
Use these commands to copy or move selected objects from an object to another similar object.
This is useful, for example, when you detail previously modeled parts.
The objects between which you copy or move can have different dimensions, length, and
rotation.
If you copy or move objects from an assembly or cast unit, Tekla Structures copies the assembly
structure as well, if possible. For example, sub-assemblies are copied as sub-assemblies if a
parent object is found.
Associative copy If you copy or move reinforcement or surface treatments and want them to adapt to the part they
and move are copied or moved to:
• The reinforcement or surface treatment handles must be in part corners.
• The parts between which you copy or move must have the same number of cross section
corners.
• Circular parts must have the same cross section dimensions.
Usage To copy or move objects from an object to another object:
1. Select the objects to copy or move.
2. Right-click and select Copy Special > To Another Object or Move Special > To Another
Object from the pop-up menu.
3. Select the object to copy or move from (source object).

4. Select the object to copy or move to (target object).
With the Copy command you can create multiple copies by selecting several objects to copy
to.
Querying assembly properties

You can now show assembly properties using a customized report template in the Inquire
Object dialog box.

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To query assembly properties and show them using a customized template:
1. Use the Template Editor to modify the TS_Report_Inquire_Assembly.rpt report
template to suit your needs.
For more information on modifying templates, see the Template Editor (TplEd) online help.
2. In Tekla Structures, click Tools > Inquire > Object, or press Shift+I.
3. Select the assembly whose properties you want to query.
Querying part properties

You can now show part properties using a customized report template in the Inquire Object
dialog box. The Inquire Object dialog box shows the customized content on the top, and then
lists the standard content.

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To query part properties and show them using a customized template:
1. Use the Template Editor to modify the TS_Report_Inquire_Part.rpt report
3. Select the part whose properties you want to query.
Improvements in flying through the model

Flying through the model has been renewed and improved in Tekla Structures 14.0 in several
ways:
• The flying is more stable than before.
• It is now easier to remain on a specific level when flying.
• The flying speed grows now exponentially when you are approaching the model from a
distance.
To fly through a model, you must have a rendered view open, with Projection set to
Perspective. See View properties for more infromation on how to change view properties. Use
the keyboard shortcut Shift+F to start flying though the model, or click View > Fly.
Pick the view to fly in.Tekla Structures displays an arrow symbol to indicate the flying direction.

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You have the following options when flying:
• To fly forward, move the mouse forward. To change the flying direction, move the mouse
to the desired direction.
• To change the camera angle, scroll with the mouse wheel.
• To change the level you are flying on and to go straight up or down, hold down the Ctrl key
and move the mouse forward to go up, and backwards to go down. Release the Ctrl key to
contínue flying on a level.
• To fly in the direction of the camera angle, hold down the Shift key and scroll forwards to
go down or backwards to go up.
• You can also pan while using the Fly command. To do this, activate the Fly command, and
use the middle mouse button to pan when needed.
Improvements in tubular sections

The number of segments Tekla Structures uses to display tubular sections in model views is now
calculated as a function of the diameter of each section and the allowed chord tolerance. This
makes the calculation more accurate. The number of segments is now always a multiple of four,
which ensures that also snapping is accurate.
Chord tolerance is the maximum difference between a straight segment used to display a
tubular section in model views and the actual tubular section:
Use the following variables in Tools > Options > Advanced Options... > Speed and Accuracy
to control the chord tolerance:
• XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_SMALL_TUBE_SIZE_LIMIT:
Use to define the limit that determines whether a tube is considered small when calculating
the chord tolerance. The value is compared to the diameter of the profile. Enter the value in
millimeters. The default value is 50.0.
• XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_FOR_TUBE_SEGMENTS:
Use to define the chord tolerance for round tubes larger than the limit set by the variable
XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_SMALL_TUBE_SIZE_LIMIT. Enter the value in millimeters. The
default value is 1.0.
• XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_FOR_SMALL_TUBE_SEGMENTS:
Use to define the chord tolerance for round tubes smaller than or equal to the limit set by
the variable XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_SMALL_TUBE_SIZE_LIMIT. Enter the value in

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Do not change the chord tolerance settings during a project. Changing
them automatically recreates the tubular sections in the model when you
restart Tekla Structures, resulting in slightly different part solids, which
may affect numbering.
These variables are no longer in use in Tekla Structures 14.0:

• XS_SMALL_TUBE_ROUND_SEGMENTS
• XS_ROUND_SEGMENTS
• XS_LARGE_TUBE_ROUND_SEGMENTS
Improvements in surface treatment functionality

The following improvements have been added to the surface treatment functionality in Tekla
Structures 14.0:
• Associativity of parts has been improved. If you modify a part, but the basic part geometry
stays the same, surface treatment follows the part's size, form and position correctly.
• Modifying parts with multiple surface treatments is now remarkably faster.

Take these things into account when adding surface treatment to chamfered parts:
• Surface treatment does not work on sketched profiles with chamfers.
• Add surface treatment before chamfering the part. If surface treatment is applied to a
chamfered part, the surface treatment chamfer cannot be modified later on.
• The chamfers for the main part and surface treatment are separate. Modifying the main part
chamfer does not affect the surface treatment chamfer.
• The orientation of unsymmetric chamfers depends on the face where it was created (such as
top, bottom, left, or right). To change the orientation of an unsymmetric chamfer, you must
swap the chamfer's x and y values.

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Improvements in welds
Tekla Structures 14.0 includes the following improvements in welds:
Welding single You can now create welds also for single parts, without connecting parts. For example, you can
parts weld seams in tubular sections.
To do this:
1. Click Detailing > Weld > Create Weld to Part.
2. Select the part to weld.
3. Pick the points you want the weld to pass through.
4. To finish picking, click the middle mouse button or click Edit > Finish Polygon Input.
The welds of single parts are associative, so they move with the welded part. Welds extending
along the whole part length also adapt to the changes in the part length.
To model tubular sections with visible seams, use the SPD profile.
Other weld • Polygon welds are now associative with the main part of the weld.
improvements
• Handles are now shown for welds.
• Lengths of polygon welds are now correct. The weld lengths are calculated also for the new
single part welds.
Splitting plates and slabs

You can now split plates and slabs into several parts by using the Edit > Split command. For
example, you can divide an existing slab into two separate slabs whose thickness is different.
Plates and slabs are always split by using a polygon.

When you pick the corner points of the polygon to be used for splitting,
make sure the starting and end points are:
• on the edge or outside of the part, and
• on the same side of the part.

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If you split contour plates that have bolts, welds or surface treatments,
check the result after splitting.
To split plates or slabs:

1. Click Edit > Split.
2. Pick the part to be split.
3. Pick positions to outline the polygon to be used for splitting.
In the following example, the starting (1) and end (4) points are on the edge of the part:
4. Click the middle mouse button to close the polygon and to split the part.

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Using parametric profile separators with multiple characters
You can now use parametric profile separators that have multiple characters in addition to the
standard separators (*, X, -, /).
Use the variable XS_USER_DEFINED_PARAMETRIC_PROFILE_SEPARATORS in Tools >
Options > Advanced Options... > Profiles to define additional separators that consist of
multiple characters. Separate the values with commas, for example GA,ABC.
Follow these rules in naming:

• Use upper case letters in separator names.
• Do not enter digits, commas, or special characters in separator
names.
• Do not start separator names with a dash (-) or full stop (.).
• Do not start separator names with an inch separator (", ', /) when
using imperial units.
Finding distant objects

Sometimes using the Fit Work Area to Entire Model command resulted in a huge work area,
because the model contained some distant objects that were not easy to find. You can now use
the new Find Distant Objects command to find these objects.

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You cannot use this command to find parts (such as beams, columns or
plates).
To find distant objects:

1. Click Tools > Diagnose & Repair Model > Find Distant Objects.
Tekla Structures displays a list of object IDs.
2. Select an object in the list.
3. Right-click and select a command from the pop-up menu.
You can, for example, inquire or delete the object.
Use the variable XS_DISTANT_OBJECT_FINDER_TOLERANCE in Tools > Options > Advanced

Options... > Model View to define the distance outside of which the object must be located for
it to be listed.
The distance is measured from the nearest part. Enter the value in meters. The default value is
100.
Fix list
Surface treatment • You can now save and load definition table values in the Surface Treatment Properties
dialog box.
• Chamfers with surface treatment are now bent in the correct direction. The chamfers for
surface treatments and normal parts now behave identically.
• If you change the part's rotation, surface treatment now follows the rotation correctly.
• If you add surface treatment to a complex slab and then move a corner's handle, surface
treatment now follows the part face correctly.
Magnetic grid • Magnetic grid planes now work correctly. If you copy or move the grid, all the parts and
planes components located on the magnetic grid planes follow it.

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Mirrored grids • If you mirrored a grid and then modified the copied grid labels, the copied grid was
incorrectly moved in the negative z direction. This has now been fixed.
Snapping • In previous versions, it was not possible to snap to the midpoint of the last polygon segment.
This has now been fixed.
Measuring unit • The measuring unit used in Tools > Measure now follows the length setting you can
configure in Tools > Options > Options... > Units and decimals.
Numbering • Clearing of part numbers now works also when the assemblies are selected.
• When you had numbered a standard part model using the option Check for standard parts,
the part prefixes from the standard part model were applied to the standard parts in the
actual model. This has now been fixed.
Reference • If the work area did not contain the whole reference model, the reference model disappeared
models when you saved the model in multi-user mode. This has now been fixed.
Assemblies • It is no longer possible to use the Add to assembly commmand to add an assembly to itself.
• The Edit > Copy Special > To Another Plane command works now also when the Select
assemblies switch is active.
Filtering • When you created a selection filter, selected Apply, closed the Object Group - Selection
Filter dialog box and opened it again, you were not able to edit the filter value anymore.
• Also empty properties (that is, properties that are not set) can now be filtered in the Object
Group - Selection Filter dialog box. Empty values in the filtering are matched to empty
properties.
Bolt • You can now define the color of bolts in rendered views when you are using the bolt
representation representation option Fast.
To do this, use the new variable XS_VIEW_FAST_BOLT_COLOR in Tools > Options >
Advanced Options... > Model View. Define the color using the RGB (Red Green Blue)
values. The scale is from 0 to 1. Use for example 0.0 0.0 0.0 for black and 1.0 1.0
1.0 for white.
Cross sections • Exporting a profile with a large number of cross sections caused an application error. This
has now been fixed.
Selecting objects • Now when you have selected a component, right-clicking a part of that component keeps
the selection as it is.
Object • If you used a user-defined attribute for defining the coloring and transparency of parts, and
representation if the attribute was defined to use integer values, Tekla Structures incorrectly used the
settings upmost object representation setting to define the coloring and transparency of all parts
whose attribute value field was empty. This has now been fixed. Object representation
settings now work correctly also for user-defined attributes that use integer values.
Screenshots • The Tools > Screenshot command does not always work properly in Windows Vista. You
can use any of the following workarounds to solve this problem:
• Use the command Tools > Screenshot > Custom....
• Adjust the visual effects for best performance in the Performance Options dialog box
in Windows Vista.
• Use the built-in Snapping Tool in Windows Vista to capture screenshots.

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2.3 Drawings
Creating multiple drawings of the same object
You can create multiple drawings of the same single-part, cast-unit or assembly drawing in the
drawing properties dialog box.
Usage To create multiple drawings:
1. Open the drawing properties dialog box.
2. Adjust the drawing properties and change the name so that it refers to the type of drawing
you want to create, for example FRAME 3D. Do not touch the Sheet number.
3. Click Apply to keep the changes and leave the dialog box open.
4. Create a drawing of the object by selecting the appropriate command from the Drawings &
Reports menu.
5. In the drawing properties dialog box, adjust the drawing properties again and change the
name to match the type of the new drawing, for example FRAME FRONT. Change the sheet
number in the Sheet number text box to get another drawing of the same assembly with a
different sheet number.
6. Click Apply and create a new drawing of the same object.

7. Continue making all the sheets you need in the same way as above.
Example An example how the Drawing List shows the multiple drawings:
Improvements in associativity and intelligent cloning

Dimensions • Dimensions are now created for new parts when you update the drawing.
• Linked dimensions stay linked in cloned drawings.
• Angle dimensions are associative also when there are no parallel planes for the vectors
defining the angle. In this case the angle is associated to the three picked points.
• The direction of the diagonal straight dimensions is updated according to the end points.

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• The associativity of the curved radial dimensions has been improved.
General • Grid properties, such as the color or the label position, are also cloned.
arrangement
drawings
Welds • Merged welds are now cloned.
Placing marks • Marks do not move to incorrect positions any longer during drawing update.
Cut symbols • Cut symbols are now adjusted correctly during drawing update. They follow the section
view size.
Placing views • When you update or clone a drawing, the views are automatically placed so that the relative
positions of the views are maintained when possible and the view layout that you have
defined is not lost. To accomplish this, set the variable
XS_INTELLIGENT_DRAWING_ALLOWED to TRUE in Tools > Options > Advanced
Options > Drawing Properties. Use advanced drawing property
XS_DRAWING_UPDATE_VIEW_PLACING to control how the view placing works:
Value Description
TRUE Updates the view placing. Does not affect the scale or the sheet size. This
is the default value.
TRUE, SCALE Updates the view placing and scales the view if the view does not fit on
the sheet. Tekla Structures scales the views smaller using the scales in
layout properties.
TRUE, SHEET Updates the view and increases the sheet size if the view does not fit on
the sheet.
TRUE, SHEET, Updates the view, scales the view and increases the sheet size, if neces-
SCALE sary.
FALSE Does not update the view placing or change the view scale or sheet size.
If the views do not fit on the screen after scaling, Tekla Structures increases the sheet size
using the layout properties if autosizing is enabled (Layout > Drawing size > Size
definition mode > Autosize.
Loading drawing You can now load drawing templates using the AutoDrawings dialog box. Each drawing
templates template can be from a different model.
through
AutoDrawings 1. In the AutoDrawings dialog box, select the drawing type and click Edit.
2. In a text editor, replace the string set_drawing_attribute with a string
set_template_drawing.
3. Enter a definition for set_template_drawing. Give the model path and the name of the
drawing template, for example
set_template_drawing("C:\TSModels\AngleModel":"[A.2]") and save the file.
Below is an example of how contents might look like.
set_drawing_type(assembly)
set_template_drawing("C:\TSModels\AngleModel":"[A.2]")
set_filter(beams)
create_drawings()
4. Click Create from all or Create from selected. AutoDrawings creates new drawings using
the defined drawing as a template.

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Loading drawing The Clone Drawing dialog box has been improved. You can now load drawing templates from
templates in the other models.
Clone Drawing
dialog box
1. Select Other model.

2. Browse for the model and the click the Select template button to open the list of drawings
that the selected model has.
3. Select a drawing template from the list.
4. Leave the list open and make the necessary selections in the Clone Drawing dialog box.
5. Clone the template drawing by clicking Clone selected.
Creating and You can now take preview images of drawing templates. These screenshots are automatically
viewing preview saved in the drawings folder as .png files. You can later browse through the preview images
images of and quickly find the drawing template you are looking for.
drawings
1. Open the drawing of which you want to make a preview image.
2. Select Tools > Create Preview Image.
To view the preview images:
1. Open the Clone Drawing dialog box by selecting Drawings & Reports > Clone Drawing.
2. Select Other model and browse for the model.
3. Click the Select template button to open the list of drawings that the selected model has.

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4. On the list, there is a small icon in the Preview column if the drawing has a preview image.
Double-click the drawing to open the preview image.

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Exaggerated dimensions
For narrow gaps between parts, thin plates, and other small dimensions it was sometimes unclear
what the dimension was indicating. Now you can show narrow dimensions more clearly using
the exaggerated dimensions.
To set the exaggeration:
1. Go to Tools > Options > Options... > Drawing dimensions.
2. Use Exaggeration limit field to set the exaggaration limit value.

All the dimensions that are narrower than the limit you set are exaggerad in the drawings.
3. Select Paper or Model as the exaggeration scaling method, and click OK.
If you select Paper, the exaggeration limit is multiplied by the view scale. For example, if
the scale is 1:10 and the limit is 10 mm, then all the dimensions smaller than 100 mm are
exaggerated.
If you select Model, and the scale is 1:10, all the dimensions smaller than 10 mm are
exaggerated regardless of the drawing scale.
4. In Dimensioning > Dimension Properties, go to Marks tab.
5. To enable the exaggeration, set Exaggeration to Specified.

6. Set the values for Direction, Origin, Width, Position and Height.
7. Click Apply.

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When you have selected to show the dimensions as exaggerated, a dimension that is narrower
than the limit you set is exaggerated. If there are many exaggerated dimensions, they are re-
arranged so that all dimensions are placed correctly.
You can contol the exaggerated dimensions also with the ExaggerateSelectedDimensions
macro. The macro exaggerates the dimensions you select.
Depending on whether you set the exaggeration for one dimension or the
whole set of dimensions, the exaggerated dimensions may look different.
Example An example of gusset plate dimensions which have not been exaggerated:
An example of gusset plate dimensions whose exaggeration direction has been set to Both:

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An example of exaggaration in general arrangement drawing:

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If all dimensions are not exaggerated to the same direction, the placing of
dimensions may not work correctly in all cases. This may happen when a
dimension wider than the set limit locates between exaggerated dimen-
sions and there is not enough space for all the exaggerations.
To solve this, you can change the exaggeration limit, or reduce the exag-
geration width, or set the direction of the exaggeration for the whole
dimension set left or right.
Dimensioning bolt position from neighbor part working points

You can now dimension the bolt position from the neighbor part working points in assembly
drawings.
To do this:
1. Double-click the drawing background to display the Assembly Drawing Properties dialog
box.
2. Click Dimensioning....
3. On the Position dimensions tab, select Working points from the Position bolts to: list
box.

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Example
New angle dimension type

You can now use a new angle dimension type to create angle dimensions whose arc distance can
be modified and whose vertex is always at the angle vertex. With the current Degrees on side
angle dimension, the symbol is shrunk to a pre-set size, and when the symbol is dragged away
from the actual angle, the symbol has a leader line. The new angle dimension Degrees at angle
vertex does not use a leader line, and you can resize the angle dimension symbol.
To set the new angle dimension type:

1. Double-click the angle dimension to display the Dimension properties dialog box.
2. Select Degrees at angle vertex from the Angle: list box.

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3. Click Apply.
Example Current Degrees on side angle dimension symbol:
New Degrees at angle vertex angle dimension symbol:
Dimension unit formatting according to German conventions

In cast-unit and general arrangement drawings you can now format the units used in dimensions
according to German conventions. Everything under 100 cm is shown in centimeters, and
everything above 100 cm is shown in meters (millimeters are shown as superscript). Use the
variable XS_SUPERSCRIPT_HEIGHT_FACTOR in Tools > Options > Advanced Options... >
Dimensioning: General to define the size of the superscript.
To set the dimension units:

1. In the Drawing Editor, click Dimensioning > Dimension Properties...

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2. Select cm / m in the Units: list box.
3. To get the millimeter precision, select 1/10 in thePrecision list box .
4. To be able to show the millimeters as superscript, select ###/##.### in the Format list box.
5. Click Apply.
Example
Customizable line types in drawings

You can now define your own line types to suit your project-specific needs. The possibility to
customize line types improves the clarity and readability of your drawings. Also the zooming
of line types is improved: now the line type itself is enlarged when zoomed.
You can define own line types, and use them wherever line type settings are available. The
customized line types are handled the same way as other line types. The customized line types
are defined in line type file format (.lin). To customize line types, open

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TeklaStuctures.lin file in ..\environments\country-independent\inp.
By default, the most widely used line types are available in the file.
TeklaStructures.lin.id file contains the names of the line types visible in the user
interface and the unique IDs assigned for each line type. The value of the ID must be greater than
10, for example:
CENTER, 1000
BORDER, 1002
DASHDOT, 1003
You can use TeklaStructures.lin also for mapping the exported line types.
User-defined line types can not be mapped to other (user-defined) line

types in DWG export.
Default line types can be mapped to user-defined line types.
Examples of customizable line types are available wherever line types are available:
In some cases the customizable lines types may not work correctly, and
therefore this feature is disabled by default. To enable the customizable
line types, rename the xTeklaStructures.lin.id file in
..\environments\country-independent\inp to Tekla-
Structures.lin.id.
For more information on customizing your line types, see Customized line typesin the online
help.
Changing the view scale

When you change the drawing view scale, the dimensions now stay aligned.
Example An example of the original dimensions:

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Before, when you changed the drawing view scale, the dimensions did not stay on the same line
(figure on the left). This has been fixed, and the dimensions now stay aligned when you change
the view scale (figure on the right).
Symbol with partial profile - new part representation option

Symbol with You can now use the new part representation option to show a partial profile of the part.
partial profile
To do this:
1. Double-click the part to display the Drawing part properties dialog box.
2. Select the option Symbol with partial profile in the Part representation list box.

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You cannot change the length of the partial profile. The length is fixed to
1000 mm.
Example An example of the Symbol with partial profile selection:
Below are some examples of how curved beams look like with different part representation
selections.
Selection Outline:

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Selection Symbol:
Selection Symbol with partial profile:

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Improvements in grid labels
Adjusting the You can adjust the line thickness of the grid label frame. You may want to emphasize the grid
thickness of the label frames so that they are shown with a thicker line than the rest of the grid.
grid label frame
1. Go to Tools > Options > Advanced Options... > Drawing Properties
2. In XS_DRAWING_GRID_LABEL_FRAME_LINE_WIDTH_FACTOR, enter the
factor for the width of the grid label frame.
Each color has a certain line thickness. The thickness of the grid label
frame on the printed black-and-white drawings depends on the color that
has been defined for the grid label in the grid properties and on the value
of the XS_DRAWING_GRID_LABEL_FRAME_LINE_WIDTH_FACTOR.
Position of the The grid labels are now placed so that the grid line touches the grid label frame and there is no
grid label gap between the grid label frame and the grid line
Defining a fixed size for detail boundaries

You can now define a fixed size for the detail boundaries in detail views. The detail boundary
size can be defined for circle-shaped detail views. When the detail boundaries are of the same
size, the appearance of drawings is more consistent.

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Use the new variable XS_DETAIL_BOUNDARY_RADIUS in Tools > Options... > Advanced
Options > Drawing Properties to set the detail boundary size. Enter a numeric value for the
radius in millimeters.
Example
Fixed placing of drawing views

Now you can select whether to use Free or Fixed placing for drawing views. Fixed placing has
earlier been available for marks, welds, dimensions, and additional drawing objects.
Fixed placing is useful, for example, when you create single-part views for parts in an assembly,
change drawing layout, or run Arrange Drawing Views command.

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Fixed placing of dragged drawing objects
Now you can set dimensions, marks, associative notes, texts, and views to have fixed placing
when you drag them away from their original locations.
When you set the new variables XS_CHANGE_DRAGGED_DIMENSIONS_TO_FIXED,
XS_CHANGE_DRAGGED_MARKS_TO_FIXED, XS_CHANGE_DRAGGED_NOTES_TO_FIXED,
XS_CHANGE_DRAGGED_TEXTS_TO_FIXED and XS_CHANGE_DRAGGED_VIEWS_TO_FIXED to
TRUE in Tools > Options > Advanced Options... > Drawing Properties, the dragged drawing
objects use fixed placing routine instead of free placing
Improvements in representation of view labels

There are several improvements to the view labels.
Defining the You can now define the length of the view label line. To define the lenght:
length of the view
label line 1. Double-click the border around a drawing view to open the View Properties dialog box.
2. Go to the Label tab.
3. Select Minimum or Custom as the Line lenght.
If you select Minimum, the view label line is the length of the label text. If you select
Custom, give the desired lenght of the view label line.

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4. Click Modify.
Aligning the view You can align the contents of a view label according to your requirements. To align the contents:
label contents
1. Double-click the border around a drawing view to open the View Properties dialog box.
3. Select the view label text that you want to align, and click the ... button next to text field to
open the Mark Contents dialog box.
4. Go to the Position tab.
5. Select the alignment from the Alignment drop down list.

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6. Click Modify.
Aligning the view You can select whether to align the view label center to the view frame or center to the view
label restriction box. To select the alignment:
3. On the Label position group box, select Center by view frame or Center by view
restriction box as the horizontal position of the view label.
4. Click Modify.
Example
View label aligned center to view View label aligned center to

frame restriction box

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Improvements in hidden object representation in drawing views
The representation of hidden objects in drawings and drawing views has been improved.
Previously when you hid a part from a drawing or a drawing view, the hidden lines behind the
part were not updated to visible lines. Now the object representation of those hidden lines is
updated, meaning that they become visible.
Example For example, if you have a wall panel which is supported by a steel frame, and you hide the wall
panel, the previously hidden objects behind the wall become automatically visible. The object
visibility is rechecked every time you hide or show objects in a drawing. This means that the
object representation is always up-to-date.

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Creating surface treatment symbols
You can now create surface treatment symbols that are oriented according to the surface
treatment in the drawing view. You can do this in cast unit drawings. The surface symbols are d
isplayed in the middle point of the surface treatment.
To do this, use the new AddSurfaceSymbols macro:
1. Open the drawing where you want the surface treatment symbols to appear:
• Click Drawings & Reports > Drawing List...
• Select the drawing in the Drawing List dialog box and click Open.
2. Click Tools > Macros...
3. In the Macros dialog box, select AddSurfaceSymbols and click Run.
If the macro is missing from the list, copy the macro from the
..\environments\country-independent\macros folder to
your local environment macros folder (defined with the variable
XS_MACRO_DIRECTORY).
4. In the Create surface symbols dialog box, select the desired elements fom the Available
elements list, and click Add.

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5. Select whether to create the symbols for all views or for the selected view in Create
symbols for.
If you want to create the symbols for a specific view, select first the view in the drawing
and then select Selected views.
6. Set the font properties in the Font section.
7. Click Create. Tekla Structures creates the symbols in the drawing.

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Removing change symbols
You can now remove change symbols in a drawing with the macro RemoveChangeClouds.
When you run this macro, commands Remove Dimension Change Symbol, Remove Mark
Change Symbol and Remove Associative Note Change Symbol are run. As a result mark
change symbols, associative note change symbols, and dimension change symbols are removed
in the drawing, and you do not have to run each command separately.
To remove change symbols:
1. Open the drawing where you want to remove the change symbols.
• Click Drawings & Reports > Drawing List....
2. Click Tools > Macros....
3. In the Macros dialog box, select RemoveChangeClouds and click Run.
Tekla Structures removes the change symbols.
Scaling line weights while printing

Now when you print a drawing to a smaller paper size, the line weights are scaled accordingly.
This means that no lines are drawn too thickly and the drawings are more readable.
Example Original drawing line weights:

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Earlier, when you scaled the drawing by 0.2 in the Print Drawings dialog box, the result was the
following because the printed line weight did not scale according to the changed paper size:
Now, when you scale the drawing by 0.2, the line weights are scaled, which makes the scaled
drawing more readable:

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.NET support for drawings
Tekla Structures 14.0 includes .NET support for drawings. You can use the following objects
and commands:
• Drawing
• Insert (General Arrangement drawing only)
• Enumerate and select (Drawing list)
• View
• Insert by restriction box

• Insert by given part list
• Enumerate and select
• Graphic objects
• Insert
• Text
• Insert
• Straight dimension
• Insert
Fix list
Curved section • Many fixes have been made to curved section views. They now work correctly.
views
Part • The Symbol part representation option works now correctly for curved beams and
representation polybeams.
Drawing views • The drawing view boundaries are now considered when placing marks for reinforcing bar
groups with multiple leader lines. If only a part of the reinforcing bar group is shown, only
the visible reinforcing bars of the reinforcing bar group get leader lines.

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• Drawing views with elevation dimensions that you had added manually in the drawing were
extended to zero level when you modified a part in the model and updated the drawing. This
has now been fixed.
Dimensions • If the font of angle dimension text was changed to a more solid one, the changed font
overlapped the degree symbol. This has been fixed, and the degree symbol now displays
properly in angle dimensions.
Old degree symbol New degree symbol
• When you updated a drawing, also some dimensions that did not need to be updated were
modified in certain rare occasions. This has now been fixed.
• Use the new variable XS_ANGLE_DEGREE_SYMBOL (Tools > Advanced Options >
Drawing Properties) to show the degree symbol correctly in Japanese. By default, the
value is unicode:176. The value can be changed depending on the wanted character. To
add the degree symbol in Japanese or in another Asian language, copy the symbol from a
text file and paste it directly in the advanced options. Do not use a unicode value.
Moving level • You can now move level marks in horizontal direction.
marks in To do this:
horizontal
direction 1. Select the level mark.
2. Drag the level mark horizontally to a new location while pressing down the Shift key.
You can also move the level mark using the command Edit > Move >
Linear.
Color of the • You can now define the color of the dimension point invalidity symbol circles. The symbol
dimension is shown for invalid dimension points when Check Dimension Point Validity is selected.
invalidity change Use the variable XS_DIMENSION_POINT_CIRCLE_COLOR in Tools > Options > Advance
symbol circle Options... > Dimensioning: General to set the color.
Reinforcement • If a reinforcing bar was defined with three points so that the start and end points were the
improvements same, the reinforcing bar was not visible in drawings. This has now been fixed.
• Adjust Reinforcing Bars command now works correctly also in case of tapered reinforcing
bars.
• Reinforcement mesh was drawn incorrectly if you had selected outline as its
representation. This has now been fixed.
• Reinforcing bars were drawn incorrectly in section views if you had selected filled line as
their representation. This has now been fixed.

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• Reinforcing bar ends were drawn incorrectly if you had selected double lines as the
representation of the bars. This has now been fixed.
• Using the Leader lines to one point option in Identical marks in same cast unit list box
in the Merged reinforcement mark properties dialog box now results in the desired
outcome.
• Reinforcement mark which was along a reinforcing bar in a group was rotated in a cloned
drawing. This has now been fixed.
• Reinforcement marks for reinforcement meshes are now placed correctly when you use the
Arrange Drawing Objects command.
Cast unit • Tekla Structures could not handle several drawings created from the same cast unit. For
drawings example, after numbering, the drawings got unnecessarily marked not up-to-date, and
drawing titles and revisions were lost. This has now been fixed.
Part marks • Part marks whose Placing is set to fixed are no longer moved when the drawing is updated.
• When updating a drawing, the part mark did not always follow the part if the part had been
moved in the model. This has now been fixed.
• Part marks that you had adjusted in the drawing by holding down the Shift key and moving
the mark were rearranged when you updated the marks. The associativity symbol was not
removed even though the mark was not associative anymore, and caused the incorred
update of the marks. This has now been fixed.
General • When you had a curved section view in a drawing and you closed and saved the drawing
arrangement and then re-opened it, the curved section view had changed into a section view. This has
drawings now been fixed.
Customizing • You can now add the Flip outside dimensions icon on your customized toolbar in
toolbars the Drawing Editor.
For more information on how to customize toolbars, see Creating a user-defined toolbar
in the online help.
Multi-drawings • Merged weld marks were placed outside the drawing view in a multi-drawing. This has now
been fixed.
Hatching • Automatic hatch scaling and custom hacth scaling did not work properly. This has now been
fixed. You can adjust hatch scaling settings using the options on the Fill tab in the Drawing
part properties dialog box.
• The Keep ratio of x and y setting on the Fill tab in the drawing part properties dialog box
now works correctly.
Key plans • It is no longer possible to select and modify a part from the key plan view.
Improvements in • The Save as field in dialog boxes did not accept names with spaces. This has now been
dialog boxes fixed.
2.4 Templates and Reports

Fix list
New template • Tekla Structures 14.0 includes the following new template attributes:
attributes
• RADIUS shows the radius of a curved beam
• CURVED_SEGMENTS shows the number of straight segments used to show a curved
beam in model views

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Summing values • The Sum values across all rows function works now correctly also in subrows.
AREA_PROJECTI • In some cases, when you opened drawings or templates containing AREA_PROJECTION
ON template attributes for projected area (such as AREA_PROJECTION_XY_GROSS), the
memory usage increased considerably and an application error occurred.
Reinforcing bar • The dimension rounding settings of reinforcing bars defined in the rebar_config.inp
angles file no longer affect bar bending angles in reports and pull-outs.
2.5 Import and Export

Improvements in NC files
Tekla Structures 14.0 introduces the following improvements in NC files:
Defining the You can now use the new variable XS_DSTV_NUMBER_OF_PARTS_BY_SELECTION in Tools >
number of parts Options > Advanced Options... > CNC to define the number of parts in the header of an NC
for selected parts file by the parts that have been selected in the model.
only
When you have set the variable to TRUE, and selected the Create for selected parts option in
the NC Files dialog box, the number of parts in the header of the NC file matches the number of
selected parts.
New variables The following new variables have been added to Tools > Options > Advanced Options... >
CNCto replace the functionality of the variable XS_KALTENBACH which has been removed:
• XS_DSTV_CREATE_AK_BLOCK_FOR_ALL_PLATES: Set to TRUE to create AK blocks in

DSTV files also for rectangular plates.
• XS_DSTV_NO_SAWING_ANGLES_FOR_PLATES_NEEDED: Set to TRUE to have no sawing
angles written to the DSTV file header for plates.
• XS_DSTV_PLATE_PROFILE_WITH_WIDTH: Set to TRUE to have both the plate thickness
and the plate profile width written in the DSTV file header, and to FALSE to have only the
plate thickness written in the DSTV file header.
New option for You can now use a new option in the NC File Settings dialog box to drill a hole to the inner
drilling corner of the notch.
Improvements in Export Drawings dialog box

The Export drawings dialog box is easier to use, as the different options are now located on
three tabs:

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• Export file: Use to include information such as Name and Type of the file that is exported.
• Layer options: Use to define the properties related to layers: for example, to specify which
layers different drawing objects belong to.
• Options: Use to define other properties, for example Scale.
For more information see Exporting drawings in the online help.
Exporting user-defined and template attributes as property sets into IFC

models
You can now export user-defined and template attributes as property sets into IFC models. You
can also create multiple sets and name the sets as required.
To do this:
1. Search for the attributes you want to export in the following files:
• User-defined attributes in the file objects.inp, located in the folder
..\TeklaStructures\14.0\environments\<your_environment>\i
np
• Template attributes in the file contentattributes_global.lst, located in the
folder
..\TeklaStructures\14.0\environments\<your_environment>\t
emplate\settings
2. Open the file IFC_properties_sets.inp located in the folder
..\TeklaStructures\14.0\environments\country-independent\inp
by using any standard text editor.
This file defines which attributes are exported and in what format they are exported.
Possible formats are STRING, INTEGER, FLOAT and DATE.
All attributes with the same property set name will be joined to the same property set.
3. Enter the property sets to be exported in the file using the following syntax:
<Exported IFC Property set name> <Exported IFC Property name> <User-
defined or template attribute> <Value type of attribute>
An example of a possible property set would be:

My_property_set_name My_property_name USER_FIELD_1 STRING

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Fix list
SDNF Import • Parts which were rotated and had offsets were not imported correctly. This has now been
fixed.
• Handles of a part were not located correctly when the mirroring option in SDNF format had
been used. This has now been fixed.
• SDNF import did not detect the member change correctly if the member was rotated and
connecting point was not on the neutral axis.
• The option Apply cuts and fittings in the Import CAD dialog box now works correctly.
• SDNF import set two beams into same location. This has now been fixed.
SDNF Export • Plates were exported sometimes into wrong part planes when the plate contained an inner
corner in the start or end point of the plate. This has now been fixed.
CIS/2 Import • CIS/2 import did not work in Tekla Structures 13.1. This has now been fixed.
IFC Export • Tekla Structures now supports the following new entities:
• IfcWallStandardCase: used for all upstraight walls.
• IfcWall: used for all other walls.
• The layer name now includes also the phase number in IFC export. The format used is
TS_<phase number>_<phase name>. For example, phase A number 203 becomes
TS_203_phaseA.
• Column profiles were not always written correctly in IFC export. This has now been
fixed.
• Placement errors occurred in IFC export. This has now been fixed.
• Members were not fitted correctly when you used the AUTO export type. This has now been
fixed.
• The number of written objects (every even hundred) and the total amount of objects are now
displayed in the application window so that you can see how the export is progressing.
• The color is now written correctly to all parts in IFC export.
Pop-marks • If one of the pop-marks that you wanted to create fell within the edge distance you had
given, no pop-mark was created or it was created in an incorrect position. For example, for
a stiffener, you may have had to give an edge distance of 0, which caused the pop-mark to
be created incorrectly on the edge of the beam. This has now been fixed.
DSTV • DSTV files of models that include plates in skewed positions are now correct.
2.6 Custom Components

Speed improvements
The parameters, distances and equations of custom components are now used from the
component definition in the library database instead of the model database. This makes the
model size smaller, and using of the custom components considerably faster.

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Limitations in opening models with custom components
If you open a model with custom components created with an older version of Tekla Structures
in Tekla Structures 14.0, and then open the model again with an older version of Tekla
Structures, the input (.inp) files are not copied to the model folder. Because of this, the custom
component dialog boxes are empty.
To prevent this, copy the input files from the folder
..\TeklaStructuresModels\<your_model>\CustomComponentDialogFile
s into the folder ..\TeklaStructuresModels\<your_model>.
Fix list
Custom • The number of characters you can use in custom component names is now 79.
component
names
Magnetic planes • If a point was on a magnetic plane and also bound with a distance variable, the binding to
the magnetic plane did not work correctly. This has now been fixed.
2.7 Components
New components for pre-engineered buildings
Tekla Structures 14.0 includes new components that can be used for pre-engineered building
(PEB) frames. Each section of the frame presented in the picture below is fully customizable.
PEB Knee Joint This new component creates connections to the frame corner.
(S93)

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PEB Tapered This new component creates the required parts for the welded frame.
Section (S94)
PEB Frame (S92) This new component internally uses the following components:
• PEB Tapered Section (S94) to create different parts

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• PEB Knee Joint (S93) to create connections to the frame corner
• Tapered column base plate (1068) to create base plates
• Tapered beam to tapered beam (200) to create the splice connections
The result is a fully customizable PEB Frame.
Improvements in stair components

Tekla Structures 14.0 includes several improvements in stair components.
Notching the You can now automatically have the stair components take connecting parts into account and to
stringers notch the stringers accordingly. To do this, use the new options on the Picture tab:

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Pick the points in the following order:
1. Pick the start point of the stair.
2. Pick the end point of the stair.
3. Pick the connecting beam on the bottom of the stair.
4. Pick the connecting beam on the top of the stair.
Even if you have not used these new options, in which case you need to
pick only two points (one for the bottom step, one for the top step), Tekla
Structures prompts you to pick objects after you have picked the two
points. In this case do not pick any new objects but exit by clicking the
middle mouse button.
New component You can now use the new Stringer to Channel (127) component to create connections between
to connect the the stringer and the supporting channels.
stringer to
supporting
beams

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Stringer You can now have different stringer extensions separately for the left and right-hand side.
extensions

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Improvements in The following improvements have been included in Z Pan (S74) in Tekla Structures 14.0:
Z Pan (S74)
• In US Imperial environment, you can select the gage material from the UDA list box on the
Z Pan tab.
• There are two new bending options on the Z Pan tab:

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• You can define the nose profile for treads on the Z Pan tab.
• You can define properties for vertical and bent plate brackets on the Vertical bracket and
Bent plate bracket tabs.
Stair base details The following improvements have been included in Stair base detail (1038),(1039) and (1043)
in Tekla Structures 14.0:
• There are new cut options for the stringer on the Picture tab in Stair base detail (1038) and
(1043):

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• You can use studs in Stair base detail (1038) and (1039). To do this, use the new options
on the Bolts tab.
Improvements in The following improvements have been included in Ladder (S60) in Tekla Structures 14.0:
Ladder (S60)
• You have more spacing options on the Picture tab:

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• You can define the properties for part profiles on the Parts tab.
• There are new options for hoops on the Cage tab:
• There are new options for base and back support brackets on the Supports tab:

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• You can now flare out the round cage at the bottom of the stairs by using the Flared hoop
option on the Cage tab:
Connections
Seal plates • The seal plate length is now calculated correctly from the offset that you have defined in the
following components:
• Welded gusset (10)
• Bolted gusset (11)
• Diag. brace conn (12)
• Bracing cross (19)
• Corner bolted gusset (57)
• Wraparound gusset cross (60)
• Windbrace connection (110)
• Bent gusset (140)

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Stay (10) • You can now define the Bolt standard, Tolerance and Thread in mat for the connection
on the Conn/Purlin and Conn/Rafter tabs.
Bolted gusset • You can now define the gusset plate size accurately also when there are secondary parts on
(11) both sides of the primary part by using the options on the Gusset tab.
• The following dimension on the Brace bolts 1 and Brace bolts 2 tabs did not affect the
correct secondary part, if the secondary parts was picked in reversed order.
JP Floor beam • The gusset is now created correctly if the center line of the secondary beam intersects the
gusset (11) primary beam below the center line of the primary beam. The following bolt alignment
option on the Bolts tab no longer causes a solid error:

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• You can again create lower flange cuts with the connection.
Joining plates • Applying a gap between the end plates and using stiffeners no longer causes the stiffeners
(14) to clash with the plates.
• You can now define the holes groups for rafters for the first and second secondary part
separately on the Holes tab.
Tube gusset (20) • The cut to the primary part is now created correctly.
Stiffened end • The stiffener now fits also to U sections.
plate (27)
Haunch (40) • The end plate is now created with the profile names that you have defined on the
Components tab in the Options dialog box also in the France environment.
• The part prefix for the horizontal haunch plate is now read from the Welded to secondary
field that you have defined in the Options dialog box by default.
• Weld number 7 is now positioned correctly.
U.S. Seat • The reference point position of the bolts is now the same for both bottom and top bolts.
Connection (72)
U.S. Seat • The options in the Slots in list box on the Bolts tab now work correctly.
Connection 2 (73)
Splice • You can now use this connection to connect built-up sections having the same height.
connection (77)
Beam with • When using channel as the secondary beam, you can omit the unnecessary web ratholes
stiffener (129) with the following option on the Picture tab.

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Stub (133) • The primary edge distance of web bolts is now correct.
• The Splice tab contains new options to create splice with Splice connection (77) with
selected properties.
• Default uses the standard properties for Splice connection (77).
• None leaves the splice out.
• Auto Default takes the default value, which is same as the standard properties if you
have not defined AutoDefault rules for Splice Connection (77).
• With Specified option you can use any saved properties you have available for Splice
component (77).
Clip angle (141) • You can now switch the side of the clip angle also in situations where the connection is in
the end of of the primary part.
• You can now control the bolts in the top and bottom angle seats separately on the
BoxPBolts and BoxSBolts tabs.
• The clip angle height is now modified correctly when you define it on the Picture tab.

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• Bolts are listed in reports according to the secondary beam and not according to the clip
angle, when the clip angle is workshop bolted to the main part and site bolted to the
secondary beam.
Two sided end • The Pos_no fields that you have defined on the Components tab in the Options dialog
plate (142) box for the prefix and start number of the part position are now working correctly also for
haunches.
• The haunch plates are now sized correctly also when end plates are extended.
• The order of the secondary parts can now be changed when the profiles of the parts change
so that the largest part automatically becomes the first secondary part. To enable this
feature, set the Sort secondaries by profile height to Yes in the Picture tab.
• You can now define the holes groups for rafters for the first and second secondary part
separately on the Holes tab.
• Bolt length is now correctly calculated when using very thick end plates or fitting plates.
Two sided clip • Angle box bolts are now changed into workshop bolts when you select the Workshop
angle (143) option from the list box and click Modify.
• Creating framing conditions with haunch plates no longer creates double bolt groups.
• Angle boxes on top flanges have been added to the Angle box tab.
• Bolts are listed in reports according to the secondary beam and not according to the clip
angle, when the clip angle is workshop bolted to the main part and site bolted to the
secondary beam.
End plate (144) • The bolts are now created correctly also when only one bolt is used in the horizontal and
comb plate.
Shear plate • The distance between the shear plate and the main part was not always correct. This has now
simple (146) been fixed.
• The thickness given for the stiffener in the Angle box tab had an effect on the distance from
the top of the beam to the first bolt. This has now been fixed.
Tapered column- • The connection now works also when the bracket length is set to 600 or less.
beam stub (150)
Column with • The weld preparation angle of the flange is now cut correctly.
stiffeners W (182)

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Column with • The value you had defined as the edge distance from the face of the column flange was used
stiffeners W (182) as the distance from the bottom of the top stiffener to the top edge of the shear connection
and Column with plate. This resulted in a misshaped shear connection plate. This has now been fixed.
stiffeners S (187)
• When no stiffeners were created, the secondary beam was incorrectly cut. This has now
been fixed.
Shear plate tube • You can now define the plate notch height at the bottomof tube columns on the Plates tab.
column (189)
Improved dialog • The following components have improved user interface containing more pictures:
boxes
• Windbracing (1)
• Welded gusset (10)
• Bracing cross (19)
• Tube gusset (20)
• Tube crossing (22)
• Diagonal splice (53)
• Corner tube gusset (56)
• Corner bolted gusset (57)
• Boomerang wrapped diagonal (58)
• Boomerang tube diagonal (59)
• Boomerang bracing cross (60)
• Wrapped cross (61)
• Gusset wrapped diacro (62)
• Corner wrapped gusset (63)
• Std bracing connection (67)
• U.S. Base plate connection (71)
• Portal bracing (105)
• Windbrace connection (110)
• Bent gusset (140)
• Heavy brace (165)
• Central gusset (169)
• Gusset stiffeners (171)

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• Leg - 2 & 3 Diagonals (177)
• Leg - 1 Diagonal (178)
Details
Turnbuckle • An unnecessary gap between the gusset and the fastener plate is no longer created when
bracing (S3) turnbuckle bracing is connected to column web and the Connection type is set to
Battledore.
Truss (S78) • You can now rotate diagonals and verticals created from single member (new feature) and
twin member (existing feature).
• Use the following new dimensions to extend the diagonal and vertical members between the
chords created from twin profiles.
Bridging (80) • Applying the component to Z121 sections caused an application error. This has now been
fixed.
• The Bridging type options Generic and Named have been removed.
Batten plates • Fields for part and assembly position number have been added to batten plate legs and back
(S85) plates.
Improved dialog • The following details have improved user interface containing more pictures:
boxes
• End plate detail (1002)
• Stiffeners (1003)
• Base plate (1004)
• Stiffened notch (1006)
• Stiffened base plate (1014)
• Web stiffened base plate(1016)
• Horizontal stiffener (1017)
• U.S. Base plate (1047)
• Standard Tee (1050)
• Standard L (1051)
• Circular base plates (1052)

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• Penetrating Diaphragm (1058)
• Inner Diaphragm (1059)
• Web Stiffeners (1060)
• Standard gusset (1065)
• Box column base plate (1066)
• Cast-in plate (1069)
Stiffeners (1003) • Stiffeners created by these system components now read the flange slope ratio from the
and Multiple profile catalog. In previous versions, the stiffener always used a constant slope for
stiffeners (1064) stiffeners, regardless of the flange slope ratio defined in the profile catalog.
• Stiffeners are now correctly applied to built-up members with U- or C-shaped flanges.
• If Stiffeners (1003) were

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Stair Base Detail • The PBolts and SBolts tabs have been improved:
(1043)
• You can now select the Bolt size and Bolt standard from a list box also on the PBolts
tab.
• You can now use inches when defining the bolt to bolt distances on the PBolts tab.
• The dimensions are now displayed in the correct location in the model.
U.S. Bearing • Fields for assembly prefix and start number have been added.
plate (1044)
U.S. Base plate • Modifying the detail resulted in unwanted anchor rod assemblies in Tekla Structures 13.0
(1047) SR4 and 13.0 SR5. This has now been fixed.
• Holes in the cast plate did not follow the given bolt offset. This has now been fixed.
• Plate offset along h direction did not move the cast plate. This has now been fixed.
• Previously the shear key was not created, if the leveling plate was created. Now both the
shear key profile and the leveling plate can be created at the same time and shear key profile
is always connected to base plate.
Multiple • You can again create stiffeners also to an U-profile.

stiffeners (1064)
• The stiffener edge distance options now work correctly.
Cast-in plate • This detail now applies to any picked point along the beam and not only the end point. This
(1069) makes it easier to place the detail correctly when the beam is modeled to the center line of
the wall.
Cold rolled
Cold rolled • Now also I and T profiles are rotated correctly when you are using them as cleats.
overlap (1)
• Tekla Structures automatically selects the correct side of C- or U-shaped purlins to create
the cleat and stays, so that you do not have to rotate the purlins to get the correct position.
Cold rolled • Assemby prefixes of the cleat and sleeve profile have been fixed on the Cleats tab.
sleeved (2)
Metl-Con Std. Tie- • Struts now work also in situations where sections are not facing the same direction and
Bay where odd or even numbers of sections are not all facing the same direction.

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3 Precast Concrete
Detailing
3.1 General
Structures.

Precast Concrete Detailing
Installation

New menu structure

removed.
concrete toolbar.

Menu tooltips

server

server).
drawing files
model with saving.
not deleted.



shown.


6. Click Close.
Model templates


Fix list
out of memory.

3.2 Modeling
• The new file
• The old file
• Changed objects
• Deleted objects
formats:
• IFC (.ifc)
• Cadmatic (.3dd)
• DWG (.dwg)
To detect changes:
name field.

The old file:
The new file:


reference models

• IFC
• DWG
• DGN
the clash check.
or stop checking.




switch is active.


rotation.
corners.

to.
Querying cast unit properties

You can now show cast unit properties using a customized report template in the Inquire Object
dialog box.

To query cast unit properties and show them using a customized template:
1. Use the Template Editor to modify the TS_Report_Inquire_Cast_Unit.rpt
report template to suit your needs.
3. Select the cast unit whose properties you want to query.



ways:
distance.

Improvements in surface treatment functionality

The following improvements have been added to the surface treatment functionality in Tekla
Structures 14.0:
• Associativity of parts has been improved. If you modify a part, but the basic part geometry
stays the same, surface treatment follows the part's size, form and position correctly.
• Modifying parts with multiple surface treatments is now remarkably faster.

Take these things into account when adding surface treatment to chamfered parts:
• Surface treatment does not work on sketched profiles with chamfers.
• Add surface treatment before chamfering the part. If surface treatment is applied to a
chamfered part, the surface treatment chamfer cannot be modified later on.
• The chamfers for the main part and surface treatment are separate. Modifying the main part
chamfer does not affect the surface treatment chamfer.
• The orientation of unsymmetric chamfers depends on the face where it was created (such as
top, bottom, left, or right). To change the orientation of an unsymmetric chamfer, you must
swap the chamfer's x and y values.

Improvements in shortening
Shortening now works correctly also for undeformed parts. Also the following improvements
have been included in the shortening functionality in Tekla Structures 14.0:
• Numbering now works correctly for reinforcing bars that are in deformed cast units.
• Part shortening is now symmetrical also for parts with components. Shortening is applied
linearly and symmetrically along the part coordinate axis to the part and its sub-components
(such as embeds).
• Handles now work correctly in shortened parts.
• Reinforcement modeling tools now work correctly for shortened parts.
To have a concrete part lengthened in cast unit drawings, type a negative

value in the Shortening field.





Defining and showing the top-in-form face
Tekla Structures 14.0 includes new commands on the Modeling menu which you can use to
define the top-in-form face of a concrete part and to show it in model views.
Use the Rendered, Rendered (dark colors), or Hidden lines representa-

tion for parts when you define the top-in-form face in rendered views.
Usage To define the top-in-form face of a concrete part:

1. Click Modeling > Cast Unit > Set Top in Form Face.
2. Select the part face which will face upwards in the form.
To show the top-in-form faces of concrete parts in a model view:
1. Click Modeling > Cast Unit > Show Top in Form Face.
2. Select the parts.
Tekla Structures highlights the top-in-form faces in red:
You can also right-click the part and then select Cast Unit > Set Top in
Form Face or Cast Unit > Show Top in Form Face from the pop-up
menu.


names.

plates).


it to be listed.

100.
Fix list
dialog box.
properties.
1.0 for white.
has now been fixed.
settings

upmost object representation setting to define the coloring and transparency of all parts
in Windows Vista.
3.3 Drawings

arrangement
drawings
view size.
Value Description
layout properties.
the sheet.

Value Description
SCALE sary.
through
set_filter(beams)
create_drawings()
Clone Drawing
dialog box

drawings



exaggerated.

7. Click Apply.






5. Click Apply.
Example



3. Click Apply.
Improvements in reinforcement dimensions

The following improvements have been included to reinforcmenet dimensioning functionality:
• You can now create tagged and non-tagged reinforcement dimension marks manually and
edit the mark contents and other properties in the Dimension Properties dialog box.
• Tagged and non-taged dimension marks now have their own standard files:
• Dimension_mark.dim: standard file for dimension marks

• Tagged_dimension_mark.dim: standard file for tagged dimension marks
• You can now create reinforcement dimension marks automatically.

Adding To add dimensions and dimension marks without tags to the reinforcement:
dimension marks
without tags 1. In the cast unit drawing, select the reinforcing bar group you want to dimension.
manually 2. Right-click the reinforcing bar group and select Add Mark > Dimension Mark from the pop-
up menu.
3. Double-click the created dimension to display the Dimension Properties dialog box to.
4. The default content of the dimension marks is defined in a standard file. Load the standard
file dimension_mark.
5. Go to the Marks tab and change the selections, if necessary.
6. Make other property changes on other tab pages, if necessary.
7. If you want to save the settings in the standard file to save the settings in the standard file
dimension_mark, click Save.
8. Click Modify to apply the changes in the selected dimension.
Example of dimension marks without tags:
Creating You can create dimensions with dimension marks for reinforcing bar groups automatically
automatic through selections in the cast unit drawing properties.
reinforcement
dimensions You can adjust the settings both in the Model Editor before creating a new drawing and in the
Drawing Editor when you have a drawing open. To create automatic reinforcing bar group
dimension.
1. If you have the drawing open in the Drawing Editor, double-click the drawing background
to display the Cast Unit Drawing Properties dialog box. If you are creating a cast unit
drawing in Model Editor, select Drawings & Reports > Drawing Settings > Cast Unit
Drawing.
2. Click Dimensioning... and go to the Reinforcement dimensions tab.
3. To create the dimensions, select Dimensions for reinforcing bar groups > On. Selecting
On activates the other options on this tab.

4. Adjust other dimension options:
• Select the location for the dimension mark from the Mark location list box.
Option creates a dimension mark without tag and the rest of the options
tagged dimension marks.
• To edit mark contents, click Edit mark contents. The Dimension Mark Content
Properties dialog box is displayed. Select the desired elements one by one from the
Available elements list and add them in the Elements in mark list by clicking Add.
Click OK to save your selections.
• Select Close dimensions to binding geometry > Yes to add closing dimensions to
the edge of the part. If you select No, only the reinforcing bar group is dimensioned.
5. If you are editing the drawing properties in Drawing Editor, click Modify . If you are
creating the drawing in Model Editor, click Apply and select Drawings & Reports > Create
Cast Unit Drawing to create the cast unit drawing.
The settings that you have defined in the Cast Unit - Dimension Proper-
ties dialog box also apply to reinforcing bar group dimensions.
Example of dimension marks:

Example of tagged dimension marks:
Example of closing dimensions:

10, for example:
CENTER, 1000
BORDER, 1002
DASHDOT, 1003

Structures.lin.id.
help.
Better text placing in reinforcement pull-outs

The placing of dimension and angle text in reinforcement pull-outs is now much better: the texts
no longer overlap and the angle dimensions are no longer upside down.
Example New text placing in pull-out pictures:

Use the variable XS_REBAR_PULLOUT_ANGLE_TEXT_FRAME in Tools >
Options > Advanced Options... > Concrete Detailing to turn off the
text frame around the pullout angle text.


partial profile
To do this:
1000 mm.

selections.
Selection Outline:
Selection Symbol:


grid label frame

Example




Placing of the base points of the reinforcing bar mark leader lines
The automatic placing of the base points of the reinforcement bar mark leader lines has been
improved. The location of the automatically placed base point is now clearer and more
unambiguous: Tekla Structures selects the location of base point so that it only points to one
reinforcing bar.
Old placement New placement
The following new variables in Tools > Options... > Advanced Options > Concrete Detailing
can be used in automatic placing of the base points:
• XS_ENABLE_REBAR_MARK_LEADER_LINE_BASE_POINT_OPTIMIZATION: When the
variable is set to TRUE, Tekla Structures selects an optimal place for the base point.
• XS_REBAR_MARK_LEADER_LINE_BASE_POINT_SEARCH_TOLERANCE: Use to define how
far the other reinforcing bars must be from the base point so that Tekla Structures can place
the base point. Enter the value in millimeters.
• XS_REBAR_MARK_LEADER_LINE_BASE_POINT_SEARCH_STEP_LENGTH: Use to define
the step length while searching for an optimal place for the base point along the reinforcing
bar. Enter the value in millimeters.
Example An example showing non-optimized base points.

An example showing optimized base points.

length of the view

4. Click Modify.
label contents

6. Click Modify.
4. Click Modify.
Example




symbols for.

New option in representation of reinforcing bars

You can now choose to show reinforcing bars in drawings as double lines with filled ends.
To do this, select the option double lines with filled ends in Representation of reinforcing
bars list box in the Drawing reinforcement properties dialog box.

and commands:
• Drawing
• View

• Graphic objects
• Insert
• Text
• Insert
• Insert
Fix list
views

has now been fixed.
horizontal
Linear.
bars.

outcome.
in the online help.
been fixed.
dialog boxes fixed.

Fix list
attributes

beam in model views

three tabs:

models
To do this:

np
folder
emplate\settings

Fix list
fixed.
TS_203_phaseA.
fixed.
fixed.

3.6 Custom Components

Speed improvements
The parameters, distances and equations of custom components are now used from the
component definition in the library database instead of the model database. This makes the
model size smaller, and using of the custom components considerably faster.
Limitations in opening models with custom components

If you open a model with custom components created with an older version of Tekla Structures
in Tekla Structures 14.0, and then open the model again with an older version of Tekla
Structures, the input (.inp) files are not copied to the model folder. Because of this, the custom
component dialog boxes are empty.
To prevent this, copy the input files from the folder
..\TeklaStructuresModels\<your_model>\CustomComponentDialogFile
s into the folder ..\TeklaStructuresModels\<your_model>.
Fix list
Custom • The number of characters you can use in custom component names is now 79.
component
names
Magnetic planes • If a point was on a magnetic plane and also bound with a distance variable, the binding to
the magnetic plane did not work correctly. This has now been fixed.
3.7 Components
Precast stairs (65)
Tekla Structures 14.0 includes a new precast stairs component that creates different stairs with
the following optional parts:
• Stairs
• Landings

• Ridges
• Stringers
• Anti-skid
Examples
Situation Description
Example of staircase with:
• Square step shape
• Stringers on both sides
• Top and bottom landings

• Chamfered step corners
• Ridges on both sidess

• Rounded step corners
• Anti-skid profile
• Bottom landing
Corbel connection (14)

• You can now define the corbel width to be different from the column width. To do this, use
the following new fields on the Picture tab:
If you change the corbel width, the dimensions of the bearing plate adapt to the changes.

• Corbel connection (14) now creates a bolt plate and a nut. You can also create a recess for
them.
Use the new fields on the Parts tab to define the dimensions of the bolt plate and nut:
On the Reinforcing bar tab you can define the dimensions of the recess:
• The Parts tab now contains the following property fields for the corbel, bolt plate, and nut:
• t
• Pos_No
• Material
• Name
• Class
• The Parts tab contains one more field that you can use to define the dimensions of the
bearing plate:
• You can now create two reinforcing bars in a corbel. To do this, select Double in the
Number of bars list box on the Reinforcing bar tab. Then define the distance between the
bars.

• For beveled corbels, you can create reinforcing bars that are bent to the same angle as the
bevel has. This is the default for beveled corbels.
• To offset the reinforcing bars from the center line of the column, use the new field on the
Reinforcing bar tab:
This moves the reinforcing bars, bar holes, recesses, and the bearing plate relative to the
column, not the corbel.
• Fixed: If the main part of the corbel connection was a wall or a beam, using the default
settings of Corbel connection (14) created a reinforcing bar with infinite length. The
default value for the bar length inside a wall or beam is now 0.
Modeling tools
Automatic seam • Objects in custom seams were sometimes created on the wrong edge of the seam parts. If
recognition (30) you now select Original in the Seam input part order list box, the objects in custom seams
are created on the correct edges of the parts. In some cases you may need to change the
Seam direction. This has now been fixed.
Double tee beam • Modifying the deforming properties of a double tee slab when there was a seam between
(51) two slabs and a reinforcement component in slabs sometimes caused an application error.
Wall panel (64) • Wall panel (64) did not split reinforcing bars that were partially cut by or too close to an
opening. This has now been fixed.
Export data to • Information on partial skew end was missing in the export. This has now been fixed.
EliPlan file (68)
• Some slabs were exported incorrectly as beams. This has now been fixed.
• Tekla Structures now supports lifting loop export in plotter data.
• The slab overall dimensions (L, L2, DL) were calculated on the basis of top of the slab only.
Now these values are calculated on the basis of the top and the bottom of the slab. Plotter
data was still correct and given from the minimum slab end location.
• Two new product code mappings have been added: name + profile and name. If no
specific product code has been given either in the profile catalog or in the model, Tekla
Structures maps the following values (in this order):
• Part name + profile
• Profile
• Name
If none of these exists in the mapping file, the part name is exported as the product code.
Export unitechnik • Exporting a part that included a reinforcement mesh caused an application error. This has
(79) now been fixed.

Lifting anchor • If you used custom components as lifting anchors, the Up direction options -y and +y did
(80) not work correctly. This has now been fixed.
Stairwells and • You can now define the part prefix and start number for wall panels on the Attributes tab.
elevator shafts
• Stairs are now created using the new Precast stairs (65) component.
(90)
Reinforcement components
Corbel • You can now define a concrete cover for the top and bottom surfaces of the corbel.
reinforcement
• You can also define a different concrete cover for each side of stirrups. To do this, select
(81)
Different each side in the new Concrete cover list box on the Stirrups tab.
• You can now create two pairs of additional bars crossing each other. To do this, select the
new option in the list box on the Additional bars tab:
• Corbel reinforcement (81) now works also for round columns. Note that you need to
manually adjust the corbel to the round column.
• Fixed: If you created corbel reinforcement using the default settings, some reinforcing bars
collided.
Rectangular • In some cases intermediate links appeared outside the concrete columns. This has now been
column fixed.
reinforcement
(83)
Hole • You can now create round openings using Hole reinforcement (84).
reinforcement
(84)
Edge and corner reinforcement (62)

• You can now define a size limit for holes. Below this limit holes do not require edge and
corner reinforcement. If a hole is not rectangular or round, the size of the hole is determined
by the maximum dimension of the bounding box around the hole.
For example, if you do not want to create edge or corner reinforcement around holes that
are 200 mm or smaller, enter 200 in the Min hole size field on the Picture tab.
• Edge bars of two openings are now combined if the following conditions are met:
• The distance between the openings is less than two times the anchoring length.
• The top or bottom edges of the openings are on the same level.
• Edge bars around openings are now bent if there is not enough space to achieve adequate
anchorage using straight bars. Previously, edge bars might protrude from concrete.

• The Cut out handling options on the Picture tab have been improved, and the U bars
around cut-outs are now created correctly.
• New options have been added to define how to create reinforcement around corner cut-outs.
Use the Max corner cut out size field on the Picture tab to define a size limit for corner
cut-outs. Below this limit cut-outs do not require edge or corner reinforcement.
Select an option in the Corner cut out handling list box to define how corner cut-outs affect
the edge bars.
Option Description
Edge bars from both sides of the corner cut-out are bent.
This option overrides the corner bar settings 1, 2, and 3:
Both edge bars and the U bars are moved a distance equal
to the length of the shorter side of the cut-out.
No bars are moved. Edge bars are created as if there was

no cut-out.
• Fixed: Diagonal bars were created for the inner corners of cut-outs. Now if you want to
create diagonal bars, use the Max cut out size field to define the size of cut-outs that require
diagonal corner bars.
• Fixed: Too many edge bars were created at cut-outs. Now the number of created bars is
correct, according to what you have specified on the Edge bars tab.
• Fixed: Reinfocing bars were placed radially around round openings. Now the bars are
placed as if the opening was rectangular and of the same size as the diameter of the round
opening.
Beam reinforcement (63)

• You can now create up to three rows of main bars at the bottom of the beam and define the
distances between the rows.

• You can now create different stirrups in two ledges. To do this, use the new list box on the
Stirrup spacing tab and select Different each ledge to activate the Upper ledge stirrups
fields.
• The Stirrup spacing tab now includes two methods to define the spacing of ledge stirrups:
• Target: Tekla Structures creates equal spaces between the bars, aiming the spacing
value as closely as possible to the value you specify. This is the default option.
• Exact: The first and last space of a zone adjust themselves to even out bar distribution.
The spaces in the middle of each zone are exactly the size you specify.
• Fixed: If you created a cut to the beam flange, also the main stirrups were removed around
the cutting point. Now only the ledge stirrups are removed.
• Fixed: Beam reinforcement (63) created reinforcement in steel parts. This happened, for
example, if you selected both steel and concrete beams with window selection.
Beam end reinforcement (79)

You can now define the width of the oblique bar 4.
You can also create gaps between the stirrups and the U bars, so that the horizontal U bars 1 and
the vertical framing bars 3 fit inside the stirrup bars 5. To define the gaps, use the new Tolerance
gap for stirrup (5) fields.
Lapping bars 3 You can now create vertical framing bars (bar type 3) of two bars joined with a splice. To do
this, use the new list box on the Bars tab:

If you choose to splice bars, you can select the splice type:
Option Description
Lap up Creates a lap splice above the horizontal center line of
the beam end.
Lap down Creates a lap splice below the horizontal center line of
the beam end.
Lap both Creates a lap splice centered to the horizontal center
line of the beam end.
Muff joint Creates a muff joint.
Weld joint Creates a welded joint.
For lap splices you can define the lap length L and whether the bars are on top of each other or
parallel to each other.
For all splice types, you can define the offset of the splice center point from the horizontal center
line of the beam end.
3.8 Reinforcement
New reinforcing bar bending types
Tekla Structures 14.0 now recognizes the following reinforcing bar bending types:

Type Image
4_4
14_3
14_4
14_5

Type Image
17
43_2
44_2
45_2
61_2

Type Image
64_2
65_2
Fix list
• You can now model reinforcing bars of bending types 36_2 and 36_3 also so that the end
segments D1 are hooks.
• The dimensions and angles of the bending types 64 and 65 have been fixed as follows:
• Standard stirrups of bending type 14 were sometimes recognized as type 72. This has now
been fixed.

• When you cambered a part, the reinforcing bars did not always adjust correctly. This has
now been fixed.

4 Engineering
4.1 General
Structures.

Engineering
Installation

New menu structure

removed.
concrete toolbar.

Engineering
Menu tooltips

server

Engineering
server).
drawing files
model with saving.
not deleted.


Engineering

shown.


Engineering
6. Click Close.
Model templates

Engineering

Fix list
out of memory.

Engineering
4.2 Modeling
• The new file
• The old file
• Changed objects
• Deleted objects
formats:
• IFC (.ifc)
• Cadmatic (.3dd)
• DWG (.dwg)
To detect changes:
name field.

Engineering
The old file:
The new file:

Engineering

Engineering
reference models




Engineering


Engineering
• IFC
• DWG
• DGN
the clash check.
or stop checking.

switch is active.

Engineering

rotation.
corners.

to.


Engineering

ways:
distance.

Engineering


names.
Improvements in shortening
Shortening now works correctly also for undeformed parts. Also the following improvements
have been included in the shortening functionality in Tekla Structures 14.0:
• Numbering now works correctly for reinforcing bars that are in deformed cast units.
• Part shortening is now symmetrical also for parts with components. Shortening is applied
linearly and symmetrically along the part coordinate axis to the part and its sub-components
(such as embeds).
• Handles now work correctly in shortened parts.
• Reinforcement modeling tools now work correctly for shortened parts.
To have a concrete part lengthened in cast unit drawings, type a negative

value in the Shortening field.

Engineering
Improvements in tubular sections
The number of segments Tekla Structures uses to display tubular sections in model views is now
calculated as a function of the diameter of each section and the allowed chord tolerance. This
makes the calculation more accurate. The number of segments is now always a multiple of four,
which ensures that also snapping is accurate.
Chord tolerance is the maximum difference between a straight segment used to display a
tubular section in model views and the actual tubular section:
Use the following variables in Tools > Options > Advanced Options... > Speed and Accuracy
to control the chord tolerance:
• XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_SMALL_TUBE_SIZE_LIMIT:
Use to define the limit that determines whether a tube is considered small when calculating
the chord tolerance. The value is compared to the diameter of the profile. Enter the value in
• XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_FOR_TUBE_SEGMENTS:
Use to define the chord tolerance for round tubes larger than the limit set by the variable
XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_SMALL_TUBE_SIZE_LIMIT. Enter the value in millimeters. The
default value is 1.0.
• XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_FOR_SMALL_TUBE_SEGMENTS:
Use to define the chord tolerance for round tubes smaller than or equal to the limit set by
the variable XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_SMALL_TUBE_SIZE_LIMIT. Enter the value in
Do not change the chord tolerance settings during a project. Changing

them automatically recreates the tubular sections in the model when you
restart Tekla Structures, resulting in slightly different part solids, which
may affect numbering.
These variables are no longer in use in Tekla Structures 14.0:

• XS_SMALL_TUBE_ROUND_SEGMENTS
• XS_ROUND_SEGMENTS
• XS_LARGE_TUBE_ROUND_SEGMENTS

Engineering
plates).


it to be listed.
100.


Engineering

Fix list
dialog box.

Engineering
properties.
1.0 for white.
has now been fixed.
settings upmost object representation setting to define the coloring and transparency of all parts
in Windows Vista.
4.3 Drawings
Creating multiple drawings of the same object
You can create multiple drawings of the same single-part, cast-unit or assembly drawing in the
drawing properties dialog box.
Usage To create multiple drawings:
1. Open the drawing properties dialog box.
2. Adjust the drawing properties and change the name so that it refers to the type of drawing
you want to create, for example FRAME 3D. Do not touch the Sheet number.
3. Click Apply to keep the changes and leave the dialog box open.

Engineering
4. Create a drawing of the object by selecting the appropriate command from the Drawings &
Reports menu.
5. In the drawing properties dialog box, adjust the drawing properties again and change the
name to match the type of the new drawing, for example FRAME FRONT. Change the sheet
number in the Sheet number text box to get another drawing of the same assembly with a
different sheet number.
6. Click Apply and create a new drawing of the same object.

7. Continue making all the sheets you need in the same way as above.
Example An example how the Drawing List shows the multiple drawings:


arrangement
drawings
view size.

Engineering
Value Description
layout properties.
the sheet.
SCALE sary.
through
set_filter(beams)
create_drawings()
Clone Drawing
dialog box

Engineering
drawings

Engineering

Engineering

exaggerated.

7. Click Apply.

Engineering

Engineering

Engineering



Engineering
5. Click Apply.
Example
Dimensioning bolt position from neighbor part working points

You can now dimension the bolt position from the neighbor part working points in assembly
drawings.
To do this:
1. Double-click the drawing background to display the Assembly Drawing Properties dialog
box.
2. Click Dimensioning....

Engineering
3. On the Position dimensions tab, select Working points from the Position bolts to: list
box.

Engineering
Example



Engineering
3. Click Apply.
Improvements in reinforcement dimensions

The following improvements have been included to reinforcmenet dimensioning functionality:
• You can now create tagged and non-tagged reinforcement dimension marks manually and
edit the mark contents and other properties in the Dimension Properties dialog box.
• Tagged and non-taged dimension marks now have their own standard files:
• Dimension_mark.dim: standard file for dimension marks

• Tagged_dimension_mark.dim: standard file for tagged dimension marks
• You can now create reinforcement dimension marks automatically.

Engineering
Adding To add dimensions and dimension marks without tags to the reinforcement:
dimension marks
without tags 1. In the cast unit drawing, select the reinforcing bar group you want to dimension.
manually 2. Right-click the reinforcing bar group and select Add Mark > Dimension Mark from the pop-
up menu.
3. Double-click the created dimension to display the Dimension Properties dialog box to.
4. The default content of the dimension marks is defined in a standard file. Load the standard
file dimension_mark.
5. Go to the Marks tab and change the selections, if necessary.
6. Make other property changes on other tab pages, if necessary.
7. If you want to save the settings in the standard file to save the settings in the standard file
dimension_mark, click Save.
8. Click Modify to apply the changes in the selected dimension.
Example of dimension marks without tags:
Creating You can create dimensions with dimension marks for reinforcing bar groups automatically
automatic through selections in the cast unit drawing properties.
reinforcement
dimensions You can adjust the settings both in the Model Editor before creating a new drawing and in the
Drawing Editor when you have a drawing open. To create automatic reinforcing bar group
dimension.
1. If you have the drawing open in the Drawing Editor, double-click the drawing background
to display the Cast Unit Drawing Properties dialog box. If you are creating a cast unit
drawing in Model Editor, select Drawings & Reports > Drawing Settings > Cast Unit
Drawing.
2. Click Dimensioning... and go to the Reinforcement dimensions tab.
3. To create the dimensions, select Dimensions for reinforcing bar groups > On. Selecting
On activates the other options on this tab.

Engineering
4. Adjust other dimension options:
• Select the location for the dimension mark from the Mark location list box.
Option creates a dimension mark without tag and the rest of the options
tagged dimension marks.
• To edit mark contents, click Edit mark contents. The Dimension Mark Content
Properties dialog box is displayed. Select the desired elements one by one from the
Available elements list and add them in the Elements in mark list by clicking Add.
Click OK to save your selections.
• Select Close dimensions to binding geometry > Yes to add closing dimensions to
the edge of the part. If you select No, only the reinforcing bar group is dimensioned.
5. If you are editing the drawing properties in Drawing Editor, click Modify . If you are
creating the drawing in Model Editor, click Apply and select Drawings & Reports > Create
Cast Unit Drawing to create the cast unit drawing.
The settings that you have defined in the Cast Unit - Dimension Proper-
ties dialog box also apply to reinforcing bar group dimensions.
Example of dimension marks:

Engineering
Example of tagged dimension marks:
Example of closing dimensions:

10, for example:
CENTER, 1000
BORDER, 1002
DASHDOT, 1003

Engineering
Structures.lin.id.
help.
Better text placing in reinforcement pull-outs

The placing of dimension and angle text in reinforcement pull-outs is now much better: the texts
no longer overlap and the angle dimensions are no longer upside down.
Example New text placing in pull-out pictures:

Engineering
Use the variable XS_REBAR_PULLOUT_ANGLE_TEXT_FRAME in Tools >
Options > Advanced Options... > Concrete Detailing to turn off the
text frame around the pullout angle text.


Engineering
partial profile
To do this:
1000 mm.

Engineering
selections.
Selection Outline:
Selection Symbol:

Engineering

grid label frame

Engineering
Example


Engineering

Engineering

Engineering
Placing of the base points of the reinforcing bar mark leader lines
The automatic placing of the base points of the reinforcement bar mark leader lines has been
improved. The location of the automatically placed base point is now clearer and more
unambiguous: Tekla Structures selects the location of base point so that it only points to one
reinforcing bar.
Old placement New placement
The following new variables in Tools > Options... > Advanced Options > Concrete Detailing
can be used in automatic placing of the base points:
• XS_ENABLE_REBAR_MARK_LEADER_LINE_BASE_POINT_OPTIMIZATION: When the
variable is set to TRUE, Tekla Structures selects an optimal place for the base point.
• XS_REBAR_MARK_LEADER_LINE_BASE_POINT_SEARCH_TOLERANCE: Use to define how
far the other reinforcing bars must be from the base point so that Tekla Structures can place
the base point. Enter the value in millimeters.
• XS_REBAR_MARK_LEADER_LINE_BASE_POINT_SEARCH_STEP_LENGTH: Use to define
the step length while searching for an optimal place for the base point along the reinforcing
bar. Enter the value in millimeters.
Example An example showing non-optimized base points.

Engineering
An example showing optimized base points.

length of the view

Engineering
4. Click Modify.
label contents

Engineering
6. Click Modify.
4. Click Modify.
Example


Engineering

Engineering

Engineering
symbols for.

Engineering
New option in representation of reinforcing bars

You can now choose to show reinforcing bars in drawings as double lines with filled ends.
To do this, select the option double lines with filled ends in Representation of reinforcing
bars list box in the Drawing reinforcement properties dialog box.

Engineering
and commands:
• Drawing
• View

• Graphic objects
• Insert
• Text
• Insert
• Insert
Fix list
views

Engineering
has now been fixed.
horizontal
Linear.
bars.

Engineering
outcome.
in the online help.
been fixed.
dialog boxes fixed.

Fix list
attributes

Engineering
beam in model views

Improvements in NC files
Tekla Structures 14.0 introduces the following improvements in NC files:
Defining the You can now use the new variable XS_DSTV_NUMBER_OF_PARTS_BY_SELECTION in Tools >
number of parts Options > Advanced Options... > CNC to define the number of parts in the header of an NC
for selected parts file by the parts that have been selected in the model.
only
When you have set the variable to TRUE, and selected the Create for selected parts option in
the NC Files dialog box, the number of parts in the header of the NC file matches the number of
selected parts.
New variables The following new variables have been added to Tools > Options > Advanced Options... >
CNCto replace the functionality of the variable XS_KALTENBACH which has been removed:
• XS_DSTV_CREATE_AK_BLOCK_FOR_ALL_PLATES: Set to TRUE to create AK blocks in

DSTV files also for rectangular plates.
• XS_DSTV_NO_SAWING_ANGLES_FOR_PLATES_NEEDED: Set to TRUE to have no sawing
angles written to the DSTV file header for plates.
• XS_DSTV_PLATE_PROFILE_WITH_WIDTH: Set to TRUE to have both the plate thickness
and the plate profile width written in the DSTV file header, and to FALSE to have only the
plate thickness written in the DSTV file header.
New option for You can now use a new option in the NC File Settings dialog box to drill a hole to the inner
drilling corner of the notch.

Engineering
three tabs:

models
To do this:
np
folder
emplate\settings

Engineering

Fix list
fixed.
TS_203_phaseA.
fixed.
fixed.

Engineering
4.6 Reinforcement
New reinforcing bar bending types
Tekla Structures 14.0 now recognizes the following reinforcing bar bending types:
Type Image
4_4
14_3
14_4
14_5

Engineering
Type Image
17
43_2
44_2
45_2
61_2

Engineering
Type Image
64_2
65_2
Fix list
• You can now model reinforcing bars of bending types 36_2 and 36_3 also so that the end
segments D1 are hooks.
• The dimensions and angles of the bending types 64 and 65 have been fixed as follows:
• Standard stirrups of bending type 14 were sometimes recognized as type 72. This has now
been fixed.

Engineering
• When you cambered a part, the reinforcing bars did not always adjust correctly. This has
now been fixed.
4.7 Analysis and Design

Analysis model geometry
Tekla Structures 14.0 includes many new analysis features and major improvements in how
analysis models are created and how they can be modified. In Tekla Structures 14.0 you can:
• Automatically control the analysis model geometry by using rules, which you can define
and save for future use.
• Show analysis parts in model views as a representation of analysis properties applied on
physical parts.
• Graphically modify the analysis model geometry by moving the handles of analysis parts.
Geometry You can define the settings for the analysis model geometry in the Analysis Geometry Settings
settings dialog box. To open the dialog box, click Analysis > Geometry Settings....
Modifying In addition to moving the analysis part handles, you can also modify the analysis model
geometry geometry by using the commands in Analysis > Edit Geometry.
See also For more information, see Analysis model geometry in the online help.
Fix list
Load groups • Now when you click OK or Apply in any load properties dialog box, the currently active
load group is also changed.
• When you create load combinations by loading them from a file, Tekla Structures now
displays a message if load groups are ignored for the following reasons:
• There are no loads belonging to a load group in the current analysis model.
• The load group type is different from the type in the source model.
Analysis models • You can now analyze contour plates and concrete slabs and panels as beams by selecting
Beam in the Type list box on the Analysis tab in the part properties dialog box.
• Merging nodes into a single node within the distance you specified with Node merge
distance now works also on columns.
• Defining a rigid link between two members by using the user-defined attribute Rigid link
in the part properties did not always work. This has now been fixed.
• Analysis models of curved walls were sometimes incorrect when the curved walls were
connected to other walls or slabs.
• Supports were missing from some nodes of supported walls.
• Loads on curved walls were not distributed correctly.
• If two walls connected with each other in a corner, the walls were extended over the corner
in the analysis model. This has now been fixed.
• Analysis models of trusses are now more accurate, and top chords remain straight.

Engineering
• Clicking the View results button in the Analysis & Design models dialog box did not
always have an effect. This has now been fixed.
Running • Tekla Structures now displays an error message if you try to run structural analysis and you
structural have not selected an analysis application.
analysis

Engineering
5 Project Management
5.1 Fix list

Project status • In the Project Status Visualization dialog box, clicking the step buttons in a different order
visualization sometimes generated different reports. This has now been fixed, and Tekla Structures now
generates the same report, no matter in which order you click the step buttons.
• 4D report function did not work if you tried to use cast unit reports that had additional
summary rows underneath the cast unit row. This has now been fixed. You can now use
summary rows that are lower in the hierarchy than the cast unit rows.

Project Management
Tekla Structures
Administrator's Guide
Upgrade guide from 13.1 to 14.0
This new Administrator's Guide was formerly called the Localization Guide. It is meant as a guide
for advanced users to find out the additional customizations available in new Tekla Structures
versions.
AdministratorsGuide.doc
1 GENERAL SETTINGS 2 (11)
Table of contents
1. GENERAL SETTINGS .....................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Objects.inp...............................................................................................................................................................3
1.1.1 New user-dependent attributes added in country-independent objects.inp.........................................................3
1.1.2 Unitechnik tab page added..................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Modeling variables...................................................................................................................................................3
1.2.1 Round profiles .....................................................................................................................................................3
1.3 Drawing variables ....................................................................................................................................................6
1.3.1 Cloning from drawing templates in other models using AutoDrawings................................................................6
1.3.2 Excluding standard parts in drawings..................................................................................................................6
1.3.3 User-defined line types........................................................................................................................................7
1.3.4 Deleting unnecessary drawing files.....................................................................................................................8
1.3.5 Change to reinforcement group dimension marks...............................................................................................9
1.4 Reports & Templates ...............................................................................................................................................9
1.4.1 Model templates..................................................................................................................................................9
1.4.1.1 General.......................................................................................................................................................9
1.4.1.2 How to create a model template: ................................................................................................................9
1.5 Miscellaneous Variables ........................................................................................................................................10
1.5.1 Controlling access to attribute files....................................................................................................................10
2. STEEL SPECIFIC SETTINGS........................................................................................................................................10
2.1 Fabrication Information ..........................................................................................................................................10
2.1.1 Number of parts in NC files for selected parts...................................................................................................10
2.1.2 New functionality under XS_KALTENBACH .....................................................................................................11
2.1.3 New ability to set fast bolt color.........................................................................................................................11
Administrator's Guide Tekla Structures
Copyright© 2008 Tekla Corporation

1. GENERAL SETTINGS
1.1 Objects.inp
1.1.1 New user-dependent attributes added in country-independent objects.inp
unique_attribute("ACTUAL_FAB_DATE", "j_ActualFabDate", date, "%d", no, none, "0.0",

"0.0")
{
value("", 0)
}
unique_attribute("SHIPMENT_DATE", "j_ShipmentDate", date, "%d", no, none, "0.0", "0.0")

{
value("", 0)
}
unique_attribute("SHIPMENT_NUMBER", "j_ShipmentNumber", string, "%s", no, none,

"0.0", "0.0")
{
value("", 0)
}
attribute("PRODUCT_CODE", "j_Product_code", string, "%s", no, none, "0.0", "0.0")

{
value("", 0)
}
attribute("PRODUCT_DESCR", "j_Product_description", string, "%s", no, none, "0.0", "0.0")

{
value("", 0)
}
1.1.2 Unitechnik tab page added
Added for concrete only.
1.2 Modeling variables
1.2.1 Round profiles
In previous versions, the number of segments for round profiles was set with the following
variables:
- XS_SMALL_TUBE_ROUND_SEGMENTS
- XS_ROUND_SEGMENTS
- XS_LARGE_TUBE_ROUND_SEGMENTS

These variables are not used anymore. Now in Tekla Structures 14.0, the accuracy can be
optimized with the following variables:
- XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_FOR_SMALL_TUBE_SEGMENTS (Default is 1.0)

- XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_FOR_TUBE_SEGMENTS (Default is 1.0)
- XS_CHORD_TOLERANCE_SMALL_TUBE_SIZE_LIMIT (Default is 50.0)
In the example below, the chord tolerance limit is set to 5 for tubes having a diameter larger
than 150 mm. Tekla Structures automatically first optimizes the number of segments to 10,
which results in a chord tolerance under 5 mm:

To get proper snapping points, the number of segments is always a multiple of 4, and so
the actual end result in this case is 12 segments.
For a tube with a diameter of 1000 mm, the number of segments needs to be increased to
keep the maximum inaccuracy at less than 5 mm. This means a minimum of 23 round
segments, and as it has to be a multiplex of 4, it gets 24 round segments:
For tubes with a diameter smaller than 150 mm, the chord tolerance is set to 1. So, for this
tube Tekla Structures automatically creates 12 round segments.

Because changing this variable automatically recreates the round profiles when you restart
Tekla Structures to match the new chord tolerance, it also means that the part solids are
slightly different in numbering, for example. Therefore, we do not recommend you
change the chord tolerance settings during the project.
1.3 Drawing variables
1.3.1 Cloning from drawing templates in other models using AutoDrawings
Cloning already edited drawings from a separate cloning template is often the best way to
create drawings, especially if the automatic drawing created by Tekla Structures does not
produce an adequate result.
Now in Tekla Structures 14.0 you can tell the drawing wizard in AutoDrawings not only to
automatically use the best possible saved drawing setup, but for certain kind of parts tell
Tekla Structures to clone the drawing intelligently from another model.
For example:
set_template_drawing(New model 1222:A.3)
set_filter(Railings)
clone_drawings()
1.3.2 Excluding standard parts in drawings
When you create assembly drawings with single parts included, you have been able to
control which parts do not get automatic single part drawing with variable
XS_SINGLE_EXCLUDE.
Now a new option STANDARD has been added. By defining STANDARD for variable
XS_SINGLE_EXCLUDE, no included single part drawings standard parts are included in
XS_STD_PART_MODEL.
For example:
XS_SINGLE_EXCLUDE=MAIN_SHAFT_AND_STANDARD
This will not create included single part drawings for the assembly main part or for any
standard parts in the assembly. All the other single part drawings are created.

1.3.3 User-defined line types
Custom line types can be defined with the file TeklaStructures.lin in the XS_INP folder. The
bitmaps for these options are defined with the file TeklaStructures.lin.id in the same folder.
By default the most widely used line types are available.
If you add new customized line types, you need to add corresponding bitmaps in the
...\nt\bitmaps folder and name them dr_line_type_xxx.bmp, for example
dr_line_type_CENTER.bmp.
To define your own line types in TeklaStructures.lin:
- Every line starts with A, this indicates the beginning of the line type pattern.
- In a line you can use three different objects: dashes, dots and spaces. The length of lines
and spaces are defined just by numbers.
- To define a dash (-) with certain length, define just the length using positive numbers.
- To define a space ( ) with certain length, define just the length using negative numbers.
- To define a dot (.) use number zero (0).
- The patterns must begin with a dash and typically end with a space, although the space at
the end is not required.
So, let's check for example line type definition for DASHDOT:
A, 12.7, -6.35, 0, -6.35

This means that first there is a line with length of 12.7, then a space with length of 6.35
units, then a dot, then again a space with length of 6.35 units (before the first dash is drawn
again).
After you type the line type pattern, press ENTER.
1.3.4 Deleting unnecessary drawing files
Every time a drawing is updated, a new .dg file is created in the drawings sub-folder. After
that, the previous .dg file is not being used.
In all previous versions, it has not been possible to get rid of these unnecessary drawing
files in multi-user mode. This is because during a multi-user session it is not possible to
know whether a file is going to be possibly used by some other user logged to the model,
when someone exits the model. To get rid of these files, users have had to log onto the
model in single-user mode and exit the model by saving it.
Now in Tekla Structures 14.0, the unnecessary drawing files are deleted, when the last
user exits the model by saving it. This is only done if you set the variable
XS_DELETE_UNNECESSARY_DRAWINGS to TRUE.
For additional safety, the .dg file is not deleted if it is less than 7 days old.

1.3.5 Change to reinforcement group dimension marks
Reinforcement group dimension mark content is now defined in the

dimension_mark.dim file. In earlier versions the content was defined in
rebar_config.inp.
Please update the contents of the dimension_mark.dim file to suit your needs.
This change is described in more detail in the Release Notes.
1.4 Reports & Templates
1.4.1 Model templates
1.4.1.1 General
Model template in Tekla Structures works in a similar way as the MS Word document
template. Using the model template you can save the desired settings in a model and use
that model as a template when you are creating of new models.
Using the model template is an easier way for doing the same thing as opening the desired
"seed" model and using the File > Save as command.
The location of model templates is defined by the variable

XS_MODEL_TEMPLATE_DIRECTORY. By default, this variable points to the folder
%XS_DIR%\environments\xxx\model_templates\.
For example, you can set this variable to point to the same location as your XS_FIRM
points to.
Any model under that folder will be available as a model template if the file
TeklaStructuresModel.xml in the model folder contains the setting
<IsTemplate>TRUE</IsTemplate>. The default is FALSE.
1.4.1.2 How to create a model template:
When creating a model template, always start by creating a new, empty model. This is
because old models can not be completely cleaned; they contain quite a lot of information
even if you delete all objects from the model.
1. Create a new model with the name you would like the new template to have (for
example "Steel framework").
2. Add the desired profiles, custom components etc. to the model.
3. Save and exit the model.
4. Move the whole model folder in the location pointed by the variable
XS_MODEL_TEMPLATE_DIRECTORY. By default, it points to the folder
%XS_DIR%\environments\xxx\model_templates\.

2 STEEL SPECIFIC SETTINGS 10 (11)
5. Edit the file TeklaStructuresModel.xml under the model folder as show below using a
text editor, for example Notepad.
NOTE: Do NOT edit TeklaStructuresModels.xml that is in the \TeklaStructures_Models

folder (or in the place pointed by XS_RUNPATH).
1.5 Miscellaneous Variables
1.5.1 Controlling access to attribute files
You can now control the access to the attribute files by defining the attribute files that are
visible in the user interface.
To do this, use the new variable XS_ATTRIBUTE_FILE_EXCLUDE_LIST in Tools >

Options > Advanced Options... > File Locations. Enter the file name or a part of the file
name that you want to exclude from the user interface as the value for the variable. If you
enter many values, separate them using a semicolon. For example, _eng;_det .
2. STEEL SPECIFIC SETTINGS
2.1 Fabrication Information
2.1.1 Number of parts in NC files for selected parts
We have now added a new variable XS_DSTV_NUMBER_OF_PARTS_BY_SELECTION

(values FALSE/TRUE) to set the number of parts in the header of an NC file by selected
parts.

2 STEEL SPECIFIC SETTINGS 11 (11)
Traditionally, the number of parts in the DSTV file has been for the whole model regardless
of the selection. Now, with this new option you can set the number of parts to consist of the
selection only.
2.1.2 New functionality under XS_KALTENBACH
We have added new variables to replace the variable XS_KALTENBACH in functionalities

mentioned in the variable names:
- XS_DSTV_CREATE_AK_BLOCK_FOR_ALL_PLATES: Set to TRUE to create AK blocks

in DSTV files also for rectangular plates.
- XS_DSTV_NO_SAWING_ANGLES_FOR_PLATES_NEEDED: Set to TRUE to have the

sawing angles written to the DSTV file header for plates.
- XS_DSTV_PLATE_PROFILE_WITH_WIDTH: Set to TRUE to have both the plate

thickness and the plate profile width written in the DSTV file header and to FALSE to have
only the plate thickness written in the DSTV file header.
2.1.3 New ability to set fast bolt color
Fast bolt color can now be set with the following variable:
XS_VIEW_FAST_BOLT_COLOR=1.0 1.0 1.0 (default)
Enter the colors as RGB (Red Green Blue) values. The scale is from 0 to 1. 0

X-Steel 14

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Tekla Structures

Product version 14.0

© 2008 Tekla Corporation

1 Tekla Structures 14.0 Release Notes....................................................... 9

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 3

3 Precast Concrete Detailing..................................................................... 85

4 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 5

6 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 7

5 Project Management ............................................................................. 215

8 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 9

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 11

The installation process consists of the following phases:

New menu structure

12 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

Improvements in using multi-user models

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 13

Selecting objects using right-click

14 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

Controlling access to attribute files

Custom toolbar for the Options dialog box

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 15

16 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

The 1stStepsWithTeklaStructures template is meant to be used only

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 17

18 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

The new file:

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 19

20 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

Improvements in clash checking

Checking for duplicate objects

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 21

Use the variable XS_DUPLICATE_CHECK_LIMIT_FOR_COPY_AND_MOVE in Tools > Options...

Snapping to part center lines

22 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

New Copy and Move commands

3. Select the object to copy or move from (source object).

Querying assembly properties

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 23

Querying part properties

24 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

Improvements in flying through the model

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 25

Improvements in tubular sections

26 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

These variables are no longer in use in Tekla Structures 14.0:

Improvements in surface treatment functionality

• Modifying parts with multiple surface treatments is now remarkably faster.

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 27

Splitting plates and slabs

Plates and slabs are always split by using a polygon.

28 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

To split plates or slabs:

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 29

Follow these rules in naming:

Finding distant objects

30 TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0

To find distant objects:

Use the variable XS_DISTANT_OBJECT_FINDER_TOLERANCE in Tools > Options > Advanced

TEKLA STRUCTURES 14.0 31