EVAPORATION

Topic 12 : Kinetic Model of Matter

 EVAPORATION

Prepared by Cg Edna Maria Hj Osman. E-mail: edna.maria.osman@gmail.com

The change of state from a liquid to a gas,
which occurs at any temperature.

Liquid takes in thermal Gas takes away thermal

energy from the surroundings energy from the surface

Surface warm Surface cool

Evaporation causes cooling

 MECHANISM OF EVAPORATION
At any given time,

Prepared by Cg Edna Maria Hj Osman. E-mail: edna.maria.osman@gmail.com

liquid molecules are
moving randomly at
different speeds.

These liquid molecules

are also absorbing
thermal energy from
their surroundings.

More energetic
Liquid molecules + Thermal energy =
liquid molecules
 MECHANISM OF EVAPORATION
More energetic liquid

Prepared by Cg Edna Maria Hj Osman. E-mail: edna.maria.osman@gmail.com

These more
molecules at the surface energetic liquid
can overcome the molecules
downward force of escape to the
attraction of the other atmosphere.
liquid molecules.
 MECHANISM OF EVAPORATION

Prepared by Cg Edna Maria Hj Osman. E-mail: edna.maria.osman@gmail.com

Less energetic
molecules are
left behind in
the liquid.

Less energetic molecules, Lower molecular speeds,

Lower kinetic energy, Lower temperature.

! ! Evaporation causes cooling effect ! !

 FACTORS AFFECTING RATE OF EVAPORATION

Prepared by Cg Edna Maria Hj Osman. E-mail: edna.maria.osman@gmail.com

Boiling Point of Temperature of Surface Area of
Liquid Liquid Liquid

Lower boiling Higher Larger surface

point temperature area

Higher Higher Higher

evaporation evaporation evaporation
rate rate rate
 FACTORS AFFECTING RATE OF EVAPORATION

Prepared by Cg Edna Maria Hj Osman. E-mail: edna.maria.osman@gmail.com

Air Humidity Air Pressure Movement of Air

Higher Higher More air

humidity pressure movement

Lower Lower Higher

evaporation evaporation evaporation
rate rate rate
 EVAPORATION

Prepared by Cg Edna Maria Hj Osman. E-mail: edna.maria.osman@gmail.com

The change of state from a liquid to a gas,
which occurs at any temperature.

Liquid takes in thermal Gas takes away thermal

energy from the surroundings energy from the surface

Surface warm Surface cool

Evaporation causes cooling