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COPhp = -Q2-Q2- Q1
COPhp = T2(T2-T1)
We were using mini heat pump in the laboratory. It consists of main switch
220V AC, pressure switch, two manometers which are high and low
pressure manometers, expansion valve, sight glass, two containers
located at the bottom of both evaporator and condenser coils, stands to
hold the containers, filter and compressor. The most important things for
this experiment are tap water, digital thermometer and stop watch. Tap
water is having surrounding temperature; digital thermometer is used to
determine the temperature of tap water in both evaporator and condenser
containers; stop watch is used to determine the time. Arrangement of
apparatus is shown below:
Experimental Procedure
1. Firstly, both containers are filled with the same amount of water by
using the measuring cylinder. The mass if the water filled is 0.65kg.
2. Then, both the containers are located in the condenser coil and
evaporator coil respectively.
3. After that, the initial readings of both water temperatures are taken
by using the thermometer.
4. The initial readings for the high-pressure manometer and low-
pressure manometer are taken.
5. The main switch is switched on.
6. After 1 minute, the readings for both the water temperatures are
taken respectively by the thermometer located in both the
container.
7. Then, the readings of the water temperature are taken every one
minute with the stop watch for duration of 20 minutes.
8. Before switching off the main switch, the readings of both high-
pressure manometer and low-pressure manometer are taken.
9. All the readings are then recorded in the table prepared.
Result
(bar) (bar)
Initial Pressure 2 2
0 296.1 296.5
60 296.1 296.5
Graph 1 shows that the graph of temperature against time for Condenser
Graph 1
Graph 2 shows that the graph of temperature against time for Condenser
Graph 2
Discussion
Liquid
Vapor
Condenser
Evaporator
Compressor
Expansion
Motor+
Vapor
valve
Tc Pc
Connected
3 1
Te Pe
Pc – Pressure of
condenser
Sight
Glass Tc – Temperature of
4 condenser
Pe – Pressure of
evaporator
W
Q12in
Pressure, P
Enthal
py, h
From the calculation based on the results from the experiment, the
value of coefficient of performance for the heat pump, COPhp is 3.622. This
results is slightly different from the theoretical value which is majority of
the heat pumps will have COP between 2 and 3. Even COP of the latter
would be around 3. The reason that causes the experimental value to be
different with theoretical value might because the layer of insulator
coating on the pipe of condenser is not thick enough, caused some of the
heat to be released to the environment around us. Besides, the
temperature of water might get affected by the surrounding temperature
and caused the reading we get from the experiment is not accurate. Other
than that, insufficient of the compressor will affect the whole system and
get inaccurate readings.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the value of coefficient of performance for heat pump,
COPhp get from the experiment is 3.622, while for theoretical value; COPhp
is between 2 to 3. Thus, the error between experimental and theoretical
value of COPhp is 20.7 %. The lesser the percentage of error, the closer to
the value of theoretical and the more accurate is the reading. Thus, the
percentage of error got from the experiment is acceptable and the aim of
this experiment is obtained.
Appendix
Attached behind this page is the original sheet of results obtained from
the experiment.
Calculation
For condenser,
Q2=mCwater∆T
=0.65 ×4.181 ×(39.2-22.9)
=44.298 kJ
For evaporator,
Q1=mCwater∆T
=0.65 ×4.181 ×(11.5-23.3)
=-32.068 kJ
COPhp = -Q2-Q2- Q1
= -44.298-44.298-(-32.068)
= 3.622