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History&Techniques Of Waste Management

Aug 05
SushantWaste Management Comments Off
Waste management in simplest words means collecting waste products, transporting it & processing it to
a new product or decomposing it for good.

History: – in olden days population density was less. Industrialization was not at its peak, so resources
were exploited but on minimum basis & waste by humans was generally bio-degradable. But today’s
scenario is different, population is growing at alarming rates, industrialization &urbanization is increasing.

Human consumption is becoming concentrated & so wastes are multiplying. Increase in waste leads to
epidemics &diseases like malaria, plague, cholera which can prove to be fatal. So to keep the waste in
control, developed &industrial oriented nations have started waste management. As waste products
started increasing, our scientists have brought in new methods to recover resources from waste &reuse it.
Waste management differs from developed &developing nations.eg: developed nations use new
techniques to convert calorific content of the waste into electricity. Whereas in developing countries,
laborers manually hunt for recyclable waste from the heap of garbage &then recycled, thus the waste can
be minimized.

Techniques of waste management:-

1) LANDFILL: it is one of the inexpensive methods of waste management. In this waste is dumped on
an abandoned land. Be cautious that no toxic or hazardous waste gets dumped in landfill.

2) INCINERATION: Toxic substances that cannot be dumped are burnt. This method is not much in
action as this emits harmful pollutants leading to pollution.

3) COMPOSTING: Organic wastes from homes &garden eg- food, plants, etc are decomposed,
recycled & used as manure for agriculture purpose.

4) MECHANICAL BIOLOGICALTREATMENT: Glass, plastic &other recyclable waste is put into waste
treatment plant. Recyclable content from waste is taken & converted to calorific fuel that in turn is used by
power plants.

5) PYROLYSIS &GASIFICATION: Waste products are treated at high temperature7 high pressure. It’s
a thermal technique. In pyrolysis, waste is converted into solid &liquid, in which solid is refined into carbon
form& liquid got from the waste is used as energy giving oil. In gasification, waste is converted into
synthetic gases: that are burnt to give high energy.

Waste Management In Apartments

Aug 05
SushantWaste Management Comments Off
Population is growing due to urbanization. More the population more is the waste output. We as citizen
should wake up & support waste management at least in our locality.
Some helpful ways for waste management in your locality

1) Creating awareness: – we can organize awareness programs in our society…our apartments. We

can educate people regarding the hazards of waste, disease caused due to waste. We can organize a
cleanliness camp that spreads the message to reduce waste, install bins at regular distance.

2) Segregation: – one of the most important steps in managing waste in apartments is proper
segregation of waste. One should separate wet from dry wastes. Wet garbage such as fruit peels, felt
over food, tea waste, and garden waste should have different color of the bin, while dry wastes like
plastic, papers, etc should have another colored bin.

3) Disposal of waste: – after segregating the garbage as wet & dry, they must be disposed correctly.
Wet garbage like garden wastes, spoilt fruits, vegetables etc can be used as manures. How? It’s simple.
Dig a compost pit in backyard &dump it. This is used a manure for gardening purpose or cultivating
purpose. Or simple hand it to the garbage waste. Plastic bags, bottles, cans must be collected separately
&given for recycling.

4) Volunteering: – in the apartment, anyone can actively volunteer & organize waste management
programs waste management.

5) Reuse, reduce& recycle the products:-we can actively reduce the use of products that causes
waste. Example: instead of using plastic bags we can use cloth bags. We must maximize the use of the
things in order to reduce the waste. Example: a towel can be reused as cleaning rag. Increase the use of
products that can be recycled. This reduces the use of new materials &thus minimizes the waste.

Let us eliminate the waste together, or else it will choke us. Waste is a problem but waste management is
the solution. So let’s get started with waste management on our own &thus motivate others by our deeds.

Waste Management
Aug 04
SushantWaste Management Comments Off
Waste management is the gathering, transporting, processing or recycling of waste material. To
understand waste management it is essential to first take an insight into the meaning of ‘waste’. Waste is
a byproduct of human activity, it something which is not useful for consumption or usage anymore. Waste
management is an important social and environmental responsibility which can be for solid, liquid,
gaseous or radioactive substances. There is a different method for each one of it. Human developments
are making an upward drift perennially. In this fast moving world man has no time to stop and think of
repercussions of using synthetic chemical and radioactive substances. This is the era of environmental
awareness and responsibility. We must keep in mind that we have not inherited earth from our ancestors,
but have in reality borrowed it from our children. Thereby it is our responsibility to protect the environment
from ecological hazards. Effective and optimal waste management constitutes an important part of this
responsibility. A three step approach sounds most effective way of waste management.

Reduce: the most important way to manage is by reducing the waste. Avoiding heavy packaged products,
paper plastics, and plastic silverware is required. Refusing bags while buying few items at the store is
also a good practice. Reuse: this is another way of managing solid waste especially. Reuse items again
and again until they are completely turned into waste, borrow items that you use rarely; donate old clothes
to charitable organizations. Put up a sale of your old unused items. Recycle: it means creating something
new out of old. Plastic bottles, paper bags and books, bottles and jars, aluminum and steel cans can all
be recycled.

All it requires is an alert and responsive attitude towards environmental hazards, and a pledge to pass on
this green earth as a better place than we found it to our successors.

Green Waste Management

Aug 02
SushantWaste Management Comments Off
Green waste management is a term used to describe any environmentally friendly way of processing the
products that has been discarded. In this waste management focus is generally on finding the ways that
could help to reuse or recycle the discarded articles, so that they are not dumped in landfills. It also aims
at disposing the toxic waste in such a way that it does not disturb the environment.

The key approach in green waste management is recycling. Here the sanitation workers collect wastes
like plastic, paper products, glass, etc as a part of routine thrash removal. Even a common man can
segregate the waste and dispose them in different coded bags provided by the authority. Products are
recycled and we get a new product, thus the natural resources remain untapped. This reduces the
pressure on the ecology as new resources are not explored. This in turn saves the natural resources from
becoming scarce.

Green waste management varies from setting to setting. In medical waste management, paper gowns,
rubber gloves, are recycled in to new products. The sludge got (after treating it) from the sewage disposal
is used in biogas plant, oil companies have ties with textile manufactures that convert leftover sludge in to
fiber used to make draperies. Old aluminum can be used for making batteries of laptop, old furniture can
be reused, instead of wasting it, wood from old furniture can be reused for making the shelves etc. the
waste like peels.

Vegetables, dead plants are reused making compost. Then this is dump into a pit dug. This is used as
organic manure at home. So any old product used for anew purpose to create a new product, that keeps
that waste material out of the landfill, helps in green waste management.

Thus green waste management is a boon to environment as it uses the techniques that disposes the
waste in eco friendly way.

6 Effective Steps To Waste Management

Aug 01
SushantWaste Management Comments Off
Collecting the rubbish& dumping it in the landfill is not the only step to waste management. There are
other effective steps for waste management that helps the company to function effectively in managing
the waste which in turn works best towards preserving the environment. Six effective steps for the waste
management are:
(1) Monitoring: Monitoring means understanding the need for waste management, identifying how can
the materials be used again by recycling it, & thus reducing the amount of waste production, thus getting
an idea as to how much progress has been done in waste reduction. Keeping a check on different
streams that produces waste, we can work in peace with the environment.

(2) Collection: Collection involves systematic organization that sees to it that the bins to collect the waste
are not over flooded and the time allotted for the waste collection is not too long. In this step it is seen that
the bin size to collect the waste is correct, frequency of the service given must be regular to prevent over
spill or stinginess. Different kinds of waste should have different bins with the stickers and different bin
color for the identification. For example wet garbage should have a green color bin and dry waste bin with
a different color. Locks, chains, and lids are given by local bodies so that no one can dislocate the bins
&also to prevent mixing to different kinds of garbage by the people who have no knowledge about it.

(3) Cooperation between waste management company and the customer is crucial. The bins should to
ready to discard the waste at the given time, so truck drivers don’t have to waste their time. Bins with the
wheel would be convenient for the customer to move the bins to the serviceable area, sometimes work
has to be done in non working hours. This could lead to problems to truck drivers &sometimes the public.
So problems should be discussed &notice could be given. .

(4) Transportation: this step involves making available the waste transport vehicle from the areas from
where it has been collected to the land fill or the place where they can recycled. Special vehicle must be
designed for waste transportation. Drivers should be trained for transportation of the hazardous waste.

(5) Processing & Recycling: From the waste, the products that can be recycled are taken separately,
they are then processed. The processed materials are raw materials for the production of new materials
these materials required for cyclable products are purchased by the companies that sustain the
environment and natural resources for production.

(6) Disposal: Non recyclable wastes are dumped into a vast abandoned land. This is called landfills.
Only care should be taken that toxic waste does not enter the soil and water system. The people in
charge of landfill department must supervise & approve the dumping site. Care should be taken about
depth allowed till dumping, the nature of the waste dumped, etc must be approved

Thus waste management is the detailed process involving proper transportation, trained government
workers got from the nature.

Waste Management Principles

Jul 11
SushantWaste Management Comments Off
Waste management is a broad subject that encompasses the wide range of subjects. Basically it
comprises of picking up materials that are regarded as waste and disposing it so that it do not cause any
harm to the environment or recycle it. It also involves the transportation of the waste material to the
dumping site for disposing them safely and suitably. The important aspect for streamlining the waste is to
organize in such manner so that it has no unfavourable consequence on environment or humans. The
basic steps for effective waste management consists of inspecting it for discovering its composition,
picking it safely, acceptable shipping methods and method of its ultimate disposal or recycling it in
reprocessing facility.

The waste management is a well-organized and green

option that should be essentially followed by everyone
from the governments, corporate and individuals. An
environmental society provides various functions that
are related to the collection of waste and make
regulations and guidance for waste generators on
proper ways of disposing the waste. Some of the
services of large companies comprises of waste
collection, recycling and disposal, emergency reply,
lab services, unsafe waste management, asbestos
removal and re-insulation. You can also look online for
the advice and help in the management solutions that
can dump your waste issues.
The simple way of attaining high reusing rates for old
IT equipment is the E-waste collection. One of the
issues with electronic waste is that it comprises of
unsafe substances like lead and mercury. By choosing to go for recycling of E-waste, you will enhance
the environmental image of your business and portrays the message that your firm is environmentally
friendly. Some of the electrical hardware that can be accepted for recycling are mobile telephones,
desktop PCs, printers, and monitors. Once they are turn faulty, they can be re-used as raw materials for
the production of fresh products.

Waste Management in Schools

Jul 10
SushantWaste Management Comments Off
The proper management of waste is of paramount importance for both the individuals and companies. In
most of the cities, everyday, there is generation of municipal solid waste of thousands of tonnes which get
transported to the landfills. The schools, colleges and other Educational institutions also contribute to the
city’s waste. The common practice is to dump the wastes into flowing rivers and water bodies. In the
schools, there is considerable amount of horticultural waste is generated and canteen is among the main
contributor of waste in schools. A large amount of plastic disposables are thrown into the water with the
leftover food. It this negates the basic idea of resource recovery via the recycling of the wastes.

It is essential for the educational places to deal with the

waste management and participate in the sustainable
waste management. The schools should adopt various
waste management programmers and move in tandem
with the current trend of protecting environment. The
school should take active participation in environmental
activities like the rainwater harvesting, tree plantation, etc.
Additionally, the school can also work on the spreading the
knowledge about the waste management and disposal in
the society in general. The schools can take up the waste management practices as a part of their
agenda and prepare teacher and students alike to achieve the goal of a zero waste campus. Within the
school campus, there are various areas where the bins can be kept for instilling the right practice of
segregation in the students. Also, the compost pits can be created for the recycling of the biodegradable
waste through composting.
There is mounting pressure on cities to properly manage the existing landfills as they are near to
exhaustion and turn non-functional soon. Therefore it is our responsibility to find a way for reducing this
pressure. By teaching the students about the waste management principles and procedures, schools can
help in reducing this pressure on the cities. The various environmental programmers in schools helps in
protecting the environment and contributes in making well-educated citizens of tomorrow that will
safeguard the environment and do the proper waste management.

Waste Management – Reducing the Packaging to Limit

Wastes
Jul 09
SushantWaste Management Comments Off
The packaging forms a major part of the nonindustrial waste with every year people contributing
packaging waste nearly three times his weight into a landfill. It is important to limit packaging if you want
to reduce the overall waste. You can reduce the amount of packaging by making few changes in your
daily habits. You will need few things to begin the limitation of packaging such as Reusable shopping
bags, Recycling bin, Reusable produce bags and Compost bin. While shopping, you should bring
reusable shopping bags for eliminating the usage of disposable bags. There are many items you can fit
into reusable shopping bags such as small electronics, DVDs, Groceries, clothes, books, and various
other items. Also, there are various small items such as makeup, hardware and other produce that can
easily fit into reusable produce bags that are easy to carry.

Before making a product purchase,

you can consider it necessity,
compactness or multifunctional
nature, its renewable or recycled
contents, its own reusability or
recyclability. By using this tips, you
may eliminates the more packaging
waste. When giving a gift to your
loved ones, you can consider
wrapping the gift with some reusable
packing as compared to typical
wrapping paper. A lovely reusable
bag or basket adds beauty to the
gift.
You may also consider the scarves, blankets and towels as other creative alternatives that enhance the
gift. The basic idea is to use your creativity to make use of available material to make your packaging
recyclable. Once you open the market, you can either recycle or compost the discarded packaging. By
recycling, you can keep waste out of the overcrowded landfills and make reuse of the available resources.
Composting is an also important procedure to reduce your environmental impact and save the resources.

Waste Management – Recycling, Sustainability and

Energy Recovery
Jul 09
SushantRecycling, Waste Management Comments Off
The proper waste disposal involves the procedures of Recycling, Sustainability and Energy Recovery.

Recycling – The widely known meaning of

‘recycling’ refers to the large scale collection and
reuse of everyday waste materials like empty
containers. They are collected and sorted into
common types in order to reprocess the raw
materials with which the items are made of, into
new products. The raw material for recycling can
be separately collected from general waste by
using dedicated bins and collection vehicles. It is
also sorted directly from mixed waste streams.
Some of the commonly recycled consumer
products are steel food, aluminium beverage cans,
aerosol cans, glass bottles and jars, HDPE and
PET bottles, newspapers, magazines, and
paperboard cartons. In addition to these, the PVC,
LDPE, and PP are also recyclable though they are
not commonly collected. They composed of a
single type of material and thus are easy to recycle into new products. The complex products like
computers and electronic equipment are more difficult to recycle as they require additional dismantling
and separation.
Sustainability – The Waste Management plays a major role in maintaining a business’s ISO14001
accreditations. The companies are expected to enhance their environmental efficiencies by improving a
company’s waste management procedures with a latest recycling service like recycling of glass,
cardboard, plastic bottles, food waste and paper.

Energy recovery – It is possible to harness the energy content of waste products directly by using them as
a source of direct combustion fuel. They can also be used indirectly by processing them into different type
of fuel. There are various ways of recycling through thermal treatment and it ranges from heating to
anaerobic digestion, using waste as a fuel source for cooking and the use of the gas fuel for boilers for
producing steam and electricity in a turbine. The common form of thermal treatment includes Pyrolysis
and gasification where waste materials are heated to high temperatures with the availability of limited
oxygen.

Waste management – Proper Disposal of Hospital

Waste
 Jul 05
SushantWaste Disposal, Waste Management Comments Off
The proper disposal and management of the Hospital waste is of utmost importance. It is required for the
prevention of spread of diseases borne by hospital waste. As per the WHO, hospital waste can be
categorized into infectious, pathological, pharmaceuticals, sharps, radioactive, and other waste including
the contaminated bed linen and utensils. Depending on the various type of hospital waste, there are
different methods of waste disposal. You should prepare a plan for the disposal of hospital waste and
consider the proper ventilation as well as premises for disposal. This plan should look for opportunities for
minimizing, recycling and even reusing waste material if permissible. It is mandatory to do a waste survey
at the hospital. You should evaluate the different options and also think about the cost of implementing
different strategies.

You should train employees as per the different

types of waste and ways for handling each type.
It should be done for both new as well as old
employees. You should segregate waste
material on the basis of type of waste. You
should store the waste into separate containers
as per their type and labelled them clearly. The
hazardous material needs to be stored as per
the regulations. The waste needs to be stored
in a central storage unit prior to its
transportation to the disposal plant. The
disposal of the waste can be done by a steam
autoclave. You can shred biohazard and normal
wastes after their treatment from steam
autoclaving. You need to take care that few
wastes cannot be treated with steam autoclave and it includes animal pathological waste, radioactive
wastes and chemotherapy wastes.
The disposal of the pathological wastes including body parts and animal wastes cannot be done by steam
autoclaving. These wastes are required to be disposed by burying it or cremating the waste. You need to
use an anti-microbial chemical for the decontamination of the hospital waste. This method do not include
the treatment with high temperatures and uses chemicals like sodium hypochlorite, peracetic acid and
chlorine dioxide

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Waste Management – Managing the Solid Waste Away

From Home
Jul 03
SushantWaste Management Comments Off
You can take effective waste management steps for managing the solid waste while spending time away
from the home in outdoor locations. While eating out in a fast food restaurant, you can choose the dish
that has disposable plates and cutlery. When you are at gas station, you can enquire from the gas station
operator regarding the motor oil. In case they throw away the motor oil, advise them to not do so as small
quantity of it can contaminate million litres of water. You can take the used car batteries and motor oil and
give them to authorities that can use these items for recycling. You should try to use those batteries that
contain minimum amount of toxic metals like mercury and cadmium.

When you are shopping at the

supermarket, you should re-use plastic
bags you have at home in place of
purchasing the new ones. You should try
to purchase the frequently used items like
Baby food, bathing soap, etc in bulk so
that you can take them in one package
rather than single serving packages. If
possible, you should avoid purchasing the
items that are packaged in aerosol cans as
they cannot be re-used or recycled. You
should buy products in recyclable and
refillable containers. If it is not needed,
then avoid double wrapping a purchase.
When you are at office, you should draft
letters and reports onto the computer and avoid usage of paper as far as possible. If it is not mandatory
then try taking the photocopy on both sides of the paper. You should keep scrap paper by printers for
printing draft copies of documents. You should reuse large envelopes and file folders by using new labels
over the previous labels. You should try to circulate memos in place of duplicating them. When you are in
garden, you should use kitchen scraps and waste for creating a compost heap. You should use plastic
bottles for planters and encourage the use of organic control of pests as compared to using pesticides.

Waste Management – Biological Reprocessing

Jul 03
SushantWaste Management Comments Off
The waste materials like plant material, food scraps, and paper products are organic in nature and thus
can be recycled by using biological composting and digestion processes for decomposing the organic
matter. The resulting organic material that is obtained is recycled as mulch or compost for the purpose of
agriculture or landscaping. The waste gaseous substance like methane, which is obtained from the
process is captured and used for the production of electricity and heat. The major aim of biological
processing is focussed on controlling and enhancing the natural process of decomposition of the organic
matter.
There are many types of composting and
digestion methods and technologies. They
differ in complexity from simple home
compost heaps to large scale industrial
digestion of mixed domestic waste. The
various methods of biological
decomposition are classified as aerobic or
anaerobic methods. There are some
methods that use the hybrids of these two
methods. The anaerobic digestion of the
organic fraction of solid waste is more
environmentally effective than landfill, or
incineration. The biogas (methane) that
resulted from it can be used for the production of both electricity and heat. It can also be used with a small
up gradation of gas combustion engines or turbines. By upgrading it further to synthetic natural gas, it can
be used into the natural gas network. It can also be used in the fuel cells that eliminate the pollution
combustion products like SOx, NOx, pariculates, dioxin, etc.
The prevention of waste material being generated is known as waste reduction and it is an important
method of waste management. It includes reuse of second-hand products and designing products that
are reusable. The repairing of broken items instead of purchasing new and encouraging consumers to
stay away from disposable products, are also part of the waste reduction. It also involves designing of the
products that use less material for achieving the same target.

Waste Management Solutions

Jul 01
SushantWaste Management Comments Off
The waste management solutions form an important ingredient in the proper functioning of any
government, organization or household. Thus, it is responsibility for all of us to engage in proper and
effective management of waste products and their recycling or disposal. It not only helps to keep the
environment clean but also, save the previous resources by recycling them. We all should use the take
initiative to keep the things clean and contribute towards the waste management. We should use the
proper bins for paper and cardboard recycling. An individual can take care of the residential waste at his
level. The big businesses and commercial industries usually deploy the effective waste management
practices as they produces massive and dangerous waste materials.

We should ensure that the waste is

recycled in a way that is both cost-
effective and friendly to the
environment. The waste material that
cannot be recycled is usually treated
for removing the toxins before they are
released. The specific waste products
can also be dismantled for accessing
the specific elements contained in
them. It usually requires the
specialized knowledge for recycling the wastes safely. The recycling leads to saving and reusing of
earth’s resources. Various businesses are encouraged for using the proper recycling facilities for products
as well as document destruction. It is important to dispose the documents and other white papers
carefully as they may contain confidential information. The shredding of the documents and papers prior
to disposal is mandatory part of the waste management solution. It helps to protect the privacy of both
businesses and individuals.
There are various stages of the waste management and recycling such as Monitoring the waste,

Collecting the waste, Transporting the waste to proper waste management facility, Processing or
recycling and Disposal of unrecyclable waste. In addition to these methods, there is constant research
going on for finding other ways for recycling waste or making the methods more cost-effective.

Waste Management – Managing the Solid Waste at

Home
Jul 01
SushantWaste Management Comments Off
A Solid Waste comprises of the garbage, sludge or any other waste matter that is solid in nature. The process of the Solid Waste
Management involves reducing, re-using and recycling of the waste products. We can contribute towards the solid waste management by
bringing about small changes in our habits. In fact the solid waste management leads to improvement in the standard of living. To begin
the process of solid management, we can start re-using Paper, Glass Bottles, Aluminium Wrapping, Organic Waste and plastics. The
procedure involves the Precycling & Recycling processes. The precycling relates to the making purchasing decisions that lead to reducing
of waste. However, the recycling on the other hand is the process of generating goods from waste products.

In order to do recycling, we should start collecting the recyclable items such as plastic bottles and metal cans. We should take proper
purchasing decisions to buy reusable items. At home, you can use sheets of used writing paper for making a message pad. You can give
newspapers to exporters. Alternatively, you can shred them for packing or for stuffing of other items. You can select cloth diapers over
disposable ones and donate your already read magazines to a hospital, prison or children’s home. You should use re-usable containers
when you go for picnics or road trips. You may also use the waste food as the fertilizer in your garden.

You need to purchase the item with least packaging and search for the ways for reducing the use of toxic cleaners around the house that
contains harmful chemicals. You can use the plunger for cleaning your drain. You should clean spills as the oven cools by using the steel
wool and baking soda. In case the stains are tough, you can add salt. For cleaning the glass, you can mix 1 tablespoon of lemon juice or
vinegar in one quarter of water and then spray it and dry it with newspaper. You should use a toilet brush and baking soda or vinegar. For
cleaning the moth balls, you can use

rosemary, mint, cedar chips, and lavender flowers.