Tour to see UTS Air Conditioning System

on Wednesdayy 11 March 2009

You are required to arrive at the main

entrance area in Building 1 (Tower)
At 6:00pm sharp

It is mandatory to wear closed toe shoes,

not sandals or thongs.
Air Conditioning Systems

49322 Air Conditioning

 Functions of Air Conditioning
g Systems
y
• Conditioning the supply air by
- heating or cooling
cooling,
- humidifying or dehumidifying,
- cleaning and purifying.

• Distributing the conditioned air to the conditioned

space; and

• Controlling and maintaining environmental

parameters such as
- temperature, 20 oC ~ 26 oC
- humidity, 35% ~ 60%
- cleanliness,
cleanliness
- air movement, < 0.25 m/s
- noise level, and
- pressure differential
diff ti l between
b t the
th conditioned
diti d space and
d
surroundings.
 Objectives of Design
• To meet the requirements of
- temperature,
- humidifying,
- air quantity,

• To select among the available alternatives for

optimum
- comfort,
comfort
- economics,
- energy conservation,
- noise
i and d pollution,
ll ti
- safety,
- flexibility,
- reliability,
- convenience and
- maintainability.y
 Classification in terms of applications
• Comfort air conditioning systems
- Commercial sectors
- Public sector
- Residential and lodging sector
- Healthcare sector
- Transport sector

• Process air conditioning systems

- Textile mills: control of humidity
- Electronic products which require clean rooms for manufacturing,
relative
l ti h humidity
idit control,
t l and
d ttemperature
t control
t l
- Precision manufacturers: precise temperature control
- Pharmaceutical products: temperature and humidity control, and
high efficiency air filters
- Warehouses: temperature (low) and humidity control
 Classification in terms of construction
and operation

• Individual
I di id l systems
t – using a self-contained,
factory-made air conditioner to serve one room
• Unitary packaged systems – using self-
contained, factory-made package units to serve
more than one zone, or room, or floor.
• Centrally
y controlled systems
y – water
distributed from a central cooling or heating plant is
used to cool or heat the air.
 An individual room air
conditioning
g system
y

Sonntag & Borgnakke, “Introduction to Engineering Thermodynamics”, 2nd Ed., Wiley, 2007
 A split air conditioning system

Sonntag & Borgnakke, “Introduction to Engineering Thermodynamics”, 2nd Ed., Wiley, 2007
http://www.fujitsugeneral.com.au/ducted/technology.php
 Classification in terms of working fluids

• All-air systems – air only is distributed to the

zones to p
perform heating
g and cooling
g functions.
• Air-water systems – both water and air are
distributed to each zone to cooling
g and heating
g
functions.
• All
All-water
water systems – water only is distributed to
the zones. Ventilation air is supplied by an opening
through the wall or by infiltration.
infiltration
• Evaporative cooling systems – can be
unducted evaporative cooler serving a single space
 Refrigerator

Sonntag & Borgnakke, “Introduction to Engineering Thermodynamics”, 2nd Ed., Wiley, 2007
 Heat pump

Sonntag & Borgnakke, “Introduction to Engineering Thermodynamics”, 2nd Ed., Wiley, 2007
AIR HANDLING UNIT

www.iklimnet.com/expert_hvac/ahu.html
Fans

www.iklimnet.com/expert_hvac/ahu.html
Filters

www.iklimnet.com/expert_hvac/ahu.html
COOLING/HEATING COILS

www.iklimnet.com/expert_hvac/ahu.html
Cooling tower
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Cooling towers are heat removal devices used to transfer process

waste heat to the atmosphere.
p Coolingg towers may y either use the
evaporation of water to remove process heat and cool the working
fluid to near the wet-bulb air temperature or rely solely on air to cool
the working fluid to near the dry dry-bulb
bulb air temperature. Common
applications include cooling the circulating water used in oil
refineries, chemical plants, power stations and building cooling. The
towers vary in size from small roof-top units to very large hyperboloid
structures that can be up to 200 metres tall and 100 metres in
diameter, or rectangular structures that can be over 40 metres tall
and 80 metres long.
long Smaller towers are normally factory-built,
factory built while
larger ones are constructed on site.

Th
There are 2 types off towers - mechanical
h i l draft
d f and
d naturall draft.
d f
http://www.iqsdirectory.com/cooling-towers/cooling-tower-design/
 This photo shows a single
natural draft cooling
g tower as
used at a European plant.
Natural draft towers are
typically about 400 ft (120 m)
high, depending on the
differential pressure between
the cold outside air and the
hot humid air on the inside of
the tower as the driving force.
No fans are used.

Whether the natural or

mechanical draft towers are
used depends on climatic and
operating requirement
conditions.

www.nucleartourist.com/systems/ct.htm
Natural Draft Cooling Tower

The green flflow paths

Th th show
h
how the warm water leaves
the plant proper, is pumped
to the natural draft cooling
tower and is distributed. The
cooled water, including
makeup from the lake to
account for evaporation
losses to the atmosphere, is
returned to the condenser.

www.nucleartourist.com/systems/ct.htm
Didcot Power Station,
Station U.K.,
U K Viewed from the south in September 2006

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooling_tower
Natural draft wet cooling hyperbolic towers at Didcot Power Station, UK

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooling_tower
http://middletonsales.com/amcotcoolingtowers/default.htm