DOUBLE HULL - SINGLE HULL SHIP DESIGN - 28 January 2010

Ma rit ime K now le dge Ce nt re
INFORMATION RESOURCES
ON
DOUBLE HULL/SINGLE HULL
SHIP DESIGN AND RELATED ISSUES
(Last update: 28 January 2010)
Important notice
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in the area of “Double Hull/Single Hull Ship Design and Related Issues ”. All users of this document should be aware that the information
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See also :
Links to other Relevant Information Resources Documents:
“Please refer to : Information Resources on “Bulk Carrier Safety, The Erika and The Prestige
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1
CONTENTS
IMO Material on the Website 3
IMO Documents 3
• Resolutions 4
• Circulars 4
• BLG 11
• DE 11
• MEPC/CAS 12
• MEPC 12
• MSC 14
IMO Publications 15
Conferences and Seminars 16
European Union 16
Other Publications 17
Useful Address 19
Articles from the Press 20
2
IMO MATERIAL ON THE WEBSITE
SeaLibrary Online. Maritime Knowledge Centre Catalogues online.
http://www.imo.org/InfoResource/mainframe.asp?topic_id=827
Tanker safety – preventing accidental pollution - Single -hull phase-out timetable

http://www.imo.org/Safety/mainframe.asp?topic_id=155#timetable
5 April 2005 – Single Hull Phase Out - FAQ

http://www.imo.org/Environment/mainframe.asp?topic_id=1047
Single -hull oil tanker phase-out - implementation of MARPOL Annex I regulations 13G and 13H
Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS) http://www.imo.org/dynamic/mainframe.asp?topic_id=155#cas
Double hulls http://www.imo.org/dynamic/mainframe.asp?topic_id=155#double
IMO News Magazine

Notices:
1. For a list of articles in the IMO News Magazines on this subject, please refer to the IMO website
http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=11
2. The IRDs changed the contents in 2008 therefore if you wish to receive an archive copy where you can find
a full list of articles in the IMO News Magazine on the subject with links to the IMO Website , please
contact: MaritimeKnowledgeCentre@imo.org (Please note that the IRDs were last updated in
November/December 2007)
Briefings
Notices:
1. For a list of Press Briefings on this subject, please refer to the IMO website
http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=5
a full list of Press Briefings on the subject with links to the IMO Website ,please contact
MaritimeKnowledgeCentre@imo.org (Please note that the IRDs were last updated in November/December 2007)
IMO DOCUMENTS
Notices:
1. Please note that only Resolutions, Circulars, Circular Letters, Conferences and Final Reports of the
meeting sessions are listed below. For a list of IMO Documents on this subject please contact
MaritimeKnowledgeCentre@imo.org
a full list of IMO Documents on the subject, please contact MaritimeKnowledgeCentre@imo.org (Please note that
the IRDs were last updated in November/December 2007)
The Documents listed below are from 2001 meetings onwards.
3
RESOLUTIONS
A.744(18) Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and
23/11/1993 oil tankers. Adopted on 4 November 1993
MEPC.99(48) Amendments to the Condition Assessment Scheme

11/10/2002
MEPC.111(50) Amendments to the Annex of the Protocol of 1978 relating to the International Convention
04/12/2003 for the prevention of pollution from ships, 1973. (Amendments to regulation 13G, addition
of new regulation 13H and consequential amendments to the IOPP Certificate of Annex I
of Marpol 73/78)
MEPC.112(50) Amendments to the Condition Assessment Scheme

04/12/2003
MEPC.113(50) Ship recycling for the smooth implementation of the amendments to Annex I of Marpol
04/12/2003) 73/78
MEPC.114(50) Early and effective application of the amendments to Annex I of Marpol 73/78 (Revised
04/12/2003 regulation 13G and new regulation 13H)
CIRCULARS
MEPC/Circ.386 Compliance with Marpol 73/78 Annex I in the Red Sea. Communication from Eritrea
12/12/2001 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=2109/386.pdf
MEPC/Circ.394 Implementation of the revised regulation 13(G) of Annex I of Marpol 73/78.

14/05/2002 Communication from Australia.
http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=2144/394.pdf
MEPC/Circ.395 Electronic database for the implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS)
MEPC/Circ.402 Prohibition of entry into Spanish ports, terminals or anchorages areas of single -hull oil
15/01/2003 tankers carrying heavy oils : Communication from Spain
MEPC/Circ.412 Early and effective application of the amendments to Annex I of Marpol 73/78 (revised
17/02/2004 regulation 13G and new regulation 13H)
MEPC/Circ.412/ Early and effective application of the amendments to Annex I of Marpol 73/78 (revised
Rev.1 regulation 13G and new regulation 13H) Communication from Spain
04/03/2004 http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=3544/412-REV1.pdf
MEPC/Circ.413 Equivalent arrangements under Annex I of Marpol 73/78. Notification by the

18/03/2004 Administration of Norway
4
MEPC/Circ.414 Exemptions granted under Regulation 2(4) of Annex I of Marpol 73/78. Communication
10/05/2004 from the Administration of Barbados
MEPC/Circ.416 Condition Assessment Scheme for category 1 oil tankers

MEPC/Circ.428 Implementation of the revised regulation 13G and regulation 13H of Marpol Annex I :
1/2/2005 Communication received from the Administration of Australia
MEPC/Circ.429 Communication of information under the revised regulation 13G and the new regulation
9/2/2005 13H pf Marpol Annex I. http://www.imo.org/Environment/mainframe.asp?topic_id=1048
MEPC/Circ.430 Implementation plan to prepare United States flagged oil tankers for the entry into force of
03/03/2005 the revised regulation 13G and Regulation 13H of Marpol Annex I. Communication
received from the Administration of the United States
MEPC/Circ.431 Implementation of the revised Regulation 13G and Regulation 13H of Marpol Annex I.
04/03/2005 Communication received from the Administration of Hong Kong
MEPC/Circ.433 Implementation of the revised regulation 13G and regulation 13H of Marpol Annex I.
17/03/2005 Communication received from the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore
MEPC /Circ.434 Equivalent arrangements under Annex I of Marpol 73/78. Communication received from
18/03/2005 the Administration of Belize
22/)3/2005 Communication received from the Administration of Hong Kong, China
MEPC/Circ/437 Implementation of the revised regulation 13G and regulation 13H of Marpol Annex I.
30/03/2005 Communication received from the Administration of the Bahamas
05/04/2005 Communication received from the Administration of the People’s Republic of China
06/04/2005 Communication received from the Administration of the Republic of Korea
08/04/2005 Communication received from the Administration of India
MEPC/Circ.443 Implementation of the revised regulation 13G and regulatio n 13H of Marpol Annex I.
13/04/2005 Communication received from the Administration of Mexico
27/04/2005 Communication received from the Administration of Liberia
5
29/04/2005 Communication received from the Administration of Japan
20/05/2005 Communication received from the Administration of Greece
20/05/2005 Communication received from the Administration of Barbados
06/06/2005 Communication received from the Administration of Panama
MEPC/Circ.455/Rev.1 Implementation of the revised regulation 13G and regulation 13H of Marpol Annex I.
17/06/2005 Communication received from the Administration of the Marshall Islands
http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=5105/455.Rev.1.pdf
06/07/2005 Communication received from the Administration of Cyprus
06/07/2005 Communication received from the Administration of Sweden
12/07/2005 Communication received from the Administration of Hungary, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
France, Belgium, Estonia, Italy and the Netherlands
MEPC/Circ.464 Implementation of the revised regulation 13G and regulation 13H of MARPOL Annex I
25/07/2005 Communications received from the Administrations of Denmark, Finland and Germany
MEPC/Circ.468 Implementation on the revised regulation 13G and regulation 13H of Marpol Annex I.
26/07/2005 Communication received from the Administrations of Ireland and Spain
MEPC/Circ.476 Implementation of the revised regulation 13G and regulation 13H of MARPOL Annex I
23/08/2005 Communications received from the Administrations of Portugal
MEPC/Circ.479 Guidelines for port state control officers whilst checking compliance with the condition
24/08/2005 assessment scheme (CAS)
6
MEPC/Circ.479/Corr.1 Guidelines for port state control officers whilst checking compliance with the condition
6/10/2005 assessment scheme (CAS)
http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=5336/479-Corr-1.pdf
07/09/2005 Communication received from the Administration of the United Kingdom
MEPC.1/Circ.481 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

8/09/2005 from the Administrations of Norway, Malta and India

7/10/2005 from the Administrations of Pakistan, Hong Kong, China, and the Mrshall Islands

21/10/2005 from the Administration of India
26/10/2005 Communication received from the Administration of India.

2/11/2005 from the Administration of Norway

16/11/2005 from the Administrations of Turkey and Vietnam
MEPC.1/Circ.488 Implementation of the revised regulation 13G and regulation 13H of Marpol
21/11/2005 Annex I. Communication received from the Administration of Malaysia

30/11/2005 from the Administrations of Malta, India and Sweden
01/12/2005 Annex I. Communication received from the Administration of India

20/12/2005 from the Administration of Sweden
21/12/2005 Annex I. Communication received from the Administration of Latvia
7
21/12/2005 from the Administration of the United States
09/01/2006 Annex I. Communication received from the Administration of India


11/01/2006 from the Administrations of Malta and Norway
MEPC.1/Circ.500 Implementation of the revised regulation 13G and regulation 13H of Marpol Annex I.

MEPC.1/Circ.517 Implementation of the revised Regulation 13G and Regulation 13H of Marpol Annex I.
10/05/2006 Communication received from the Administration of St. Kitts and Nevis

07/07/2006 Communication received from the Administration of Malaysia
04/10/2006 Communication received from the Administration of France
http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=7281/527-Rev-1.pdf
MEPC.1/Circ.529 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS)

21/07/2006 Communication received from the administration of the Bahamas, Italy and Denmark
MEPC.1/Circ.530 Implementation of the Condit ion Assessment Scheme (CAS)

02/08/2006 Communication received from the administration of Malta
8
MEPC.1/Circ.531 Communication received from the Administration of the United Kingdom on behalf of the
10/08/2006 Maritime Authority of the Cayman Islands

12/09/2006 from the Administration of Malta

19/09/2006 from the Administration of Brazil

21/09/2006 Communication received from the Administration of the United States

26/09/2006 Communication received from the Administration of the United States

26/09/2006 Communication received from the Administration of the Bahamas
26/09/2006 Communication received from the Administration of the Republic of Slovenia

19/10/2006 from the Administration of Brazil, Japan, Malta and Vietnam


21/11/2006 from the Administrations of Norway, Bahamas, Malta, Panama and India



23/11/2006 from the Administration of Hong Kong, China

9
13/12/2006 from the Administrations of Bahamas and Malta

05.01.2007 from the Administration of the United States

08/01/2007 from the Administrations of Bahamas, Marshall Islands and Hong Kong, China


15/01/2007 from the Administrations of Bahamas, Brazil, Bulgaria and Malta
MEPC.1/Circ. 561 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received
09/01/2007 from the Administrations of the Netherlands



15/03/2007 from the Administrations of Vietnam, Chile, Norway, the United Kingdom, Hong Kong,
China, Bahamas and Turkey
MEPC.1/ICirc. 565 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received
MEPC.1/Circ.566 Implementation of Regulation 20 and 21 of the revised MAPROL Annex I –

13/03/2007 Communication received from the Administration of Ecuador


05/04/2007 from the Administrations of Hong Kong, China, Malta, Norway and India
MEPC./Circ.571 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communic ation received
18/04/2007 from the Administrations of the Republic of Korea and Hong Kong, China
10
25/04/2007 from the Administrations of Panama and Bahamas
MEPC .1/Circ.575 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

02/05/2007 from the Administrations of India and Greece

17/07/2007 from the Administrations of Hong Kong, China
Circ.Letter No. 2458 Amendments to Annex I of the International Convention for the Prevention
10/04/2003 of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto
(MARPOL 73/78) / Proposed amendments from Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland,
Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden
and UK
Circ. Letter No. 2657 Amendments to the revised Marpol Annex I; Amendments to the revised Marpol Annex
01/08/2005 IV
SUB-COMMITTEE ON BULK LIQUIDS AND GASES

6 th Session – (5 -9 February 2001)
Summary report: http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=105&doc_id=998
BLG 6/16 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee and the Marine Environment Protection
Committee
7 th Session – (24 – 28 June 2002)

BLG 7/15 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee and the Marine Environment Protection
Committee
SUB-COMMITTEE ON SHIP DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT

45 th Session (18 - 22 March 2002)
Summary Reports: http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=107&doc_id=2045
DE 45/27 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee. (Pg. 24 – Hull surveys of double hull oil
tankers)
46 th Session (10 – 19 March 2003)

DE 46/32 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee
11
47 th Session (1-5 March 2004)
DE 47/25 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee
48 th Session (21 – 25 February 2005)
No documents issued
49 th Session (20 – 24 February 2006)

DE 49/20 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee.
50 th Session (5-9 March 2007)

DE 50/27 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee.
51st Session (18-22 February 2008)

52 nd Session (16-20 March 2009)
MEPC INTERSESSIONAL WORKING GROUP ON CONDITION ASSESSMENT

SCHEME UNDER MARPOL REGULATION 13G
31 January - 2 February 2001
MEPC/CAS/5 Report of the Intersessional Working Group to the Marine Environment Protection
Committee
MARINE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION COMMITTEE

46 th Session (23 – 27 April 2001)
MEPC 46/23 Report of the Marine Environment Protection Committee on its 46th Session
Annex 3 – Resolution MEPC.95(46) adopted on 27 April 2001. Amendments to the
Annex of the Protocol of 1978 relating to the International Convention for the
Prevention of Pollution Prevention from Ships, 1973. (Amendments to regulation
13G of Annex I to MARPOL 73/78 and to the Supple ment to the IOPP Certificate)

MEPC 47/20 Report of the Marine Environment Protection Committee on its 47th Session (Section 6)
12
48 th Session (7-11 October 2002)
MEPC 48/21 Report of the Marine Environment Protection Committee on its 48th Session. (Section 14)
49 th Session (14 – 12 July 2003)

MEPC 49/22 Report of the Marine Environment Protection Committee on its 49th Session.
(Annex 16 – Resolution MEPC.110(49) - Revised interim guidelines for the approval of
alternative methods of design and construction of oil tankers under Regulation 13F(5) of
Annex I of Marpol 73/78; Annex 20 – Proposed amendments to Annex I of Marpol
73/78)
50 th Session (1 – 4 December 2003)

MEPC 50/2/3 Report of the Marine Environment Protection Committee on its 50th Session. (Annex 1,
Annex 2, Annex 4, Annex 5)
51st Session (29 March – 2 April 2004)

MEPC 51/22 Report of the Marine Environment Protection Committee on its 51st Session (Section 12 –
Follow-up to the revised Marpol Annex I and Annex II; Annex 9 – Proposed amendments
to Marpol Annex I - New regulation 13I and amended regulation 26; Annex 11 – Text of
the revised Marpol Annex I; Annex 12 – Unified interpretations to Marpol Annex I and
CAS)
52 nd Session (11 – 15 October 2004)

MEPC 52/24/Add.1 Report of the Marine Environment Protection Committee on its’ 52nd Session (Section 6 –
Interpretations and amendments of Marpol 73/78 and related instruments; Section 13 –
Follow-up to the revised Marpol Annex I and Annex II; Annex 4 – Proposed amendments
to the Condition Assessment Scheme; Annex 5 – Unified interpretation to regulation
13G(4) of the existing Marpol Annex I)
53 rd session (18 – 22 July 2005)

MEPC 53/24 Report of the Marine Environment Protection Committee on its 53rd Session. (Annex 18 –
Unified interpretation to regulation 13F of the current Marpol Annex I; Annex 31 –
Unified interpretation to regulation 13H(2) of the current Marpol Annex I)

Summery reports: http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=109&doc_id=6204
MEPC 54/21 Report of the Marine Environment Protection Committee on its 54th Session
13
55 th Session (9 – 13 October 2006)
No document issued
MARITIME SAFETY COMMITTEE

74 th Session (30 May – 8 June 2001)
MSC 74/24 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on its 74th Session
75 th Session (15 – 24 May 2002)
No documents issued
76 th Session (2 – 13 December 2002)
No documents issued
77 th Session (28 May – 6 June 2003)
No documents issued
78 th Session (12 – 21 May 2004)
No documents issued
79 th Session (1- 10 December 2004)
No documents issued
80 th Session (11 – 20 May 2005)
No documents issued
81st Session (10 – 19 May 2006)

MSC 81/25 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on its 81st Session
82 nd Session (29 November – 8 December 2006)

MSC 82/24 Report of the Maritime Safety Committee on its 82nd Session
14
IMO PUBLICATIONS
Marpol 73/78 : Consolidated edition, 2006. (IMO-IC520E). Language(s): E,F,S,R,A. This publication is also
available on CD-ROM (Version 3.0)
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating
thereto (better known as MARPOL 73/78), is one of the most important international agreements on the subject of marine
pollution. The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, widely known as the MARPOL
Convention, was adopted in 1973. Its technical content is laid out in six Annexes, the first five of which were adopted by the
1973 Convention and a 1978 Protocol. These cover pollution of the sea by oil, by noxious liquid substances in bulk, by
harmful substances carried by sea in packaged form, by sewage from ships and by garbage from ships. Annex VI was adopted
by a further Protocol in 1997; it covers air pollution from ships. This consolidated edition includes the texts of the Convention
and its Protocols, Annexes I to VI, Unified Interpretations agreed with the International Association of Classification Societies,
and prospective amendments to Annexes I and IV. The text includes all amendments in force as of 22 November 2006 and the
revised texts of Annexes I and II (adopted in October 2004), which will enter into force on 1 January 2007
2001 amendments to the Annex of the Protocol of 1978 relating to the International Convention for the
Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973 (Resolution MEPC.95 (46)) (Amendments to regulation 13G of
Annex I of Marpol 73/78 and to Supplement to the IOPP Certificate : Certified true copy* signed on 5 March
2002. Language(s): E,F,S,R
2002 Amendments to the Condition Assessment Scheme (Resolution MEPC.99(48). Certified true copy* signed
on 25 February 2004. Language(s): E/F/S/R
2003 Amendments to the Condition Assessment Scheme . (Resolution MEPC.112(50)). Certified true copy
signed on 27 April 2004 Language(s): E/F/S/R
2005 Amendments to the Condition Assessment Scheme. (Resolution MEPC.131(53)). Certified True Copy
signed on 8 January 2007. :Language(s): E/F/S/R
2003 amendments to the Annex of the Protocol of 1978 relating to MARPOL, 1973 (Amendments to
regulation 13G, addition of new regulation 13H and consequential amendments to the Supplement to the
IOPP Certificate of Anne x I to Marpol 73/78) (Resolution MEPC.111(50)). Certified True Copy signed on 27
April 2004. Language(s): E,F,S,R
2004 amendments to the Annex of the Protocol of 1978 relating to the International Convention for the
Prevention of Pollution from ships, 1973 (Revised Annex I of Marpol 73/78) (Resolution MEPC 117/(52).
Certified True Copy signed on March 6 th, 2006. Language(s): E,F,S,R
Marpol amendments 2005 edition. Amendments adopted by resolution MEPC.99(48), MEPC.111(50),

MEPC 112(50), MEPC.115(51), MEPC.116(51) and MEPC.132(53) with unified interpretations. (IMO-
I525E). Language(s): E,F
CAS : Condition Assessment Scheme . London, IMO, 2005 (IMO-I530E)
Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys on bulk carriers and oil tankers. 2008
Edition (IMO-IA265E)
The Guidelines became mandatory in 1996, under SOLAS regulation XI/2, which requires that bulk carriers and oil tankers be
subject to an enhanced programme of inspections in accordance with the Guidelines. Since their adoption, the Guidelines have
been frequently updated and brought in line with regulatory and technological developments as well as with current practice, in
particular with the relevant IACS Unified Requirements.
* Certified true copy is not a sales item
15
CONFERENCES AND SEMINARS
ANGELO, J. - Erika aftermath : Development at IMO and double hulls : A U.S. perspective. In: Nordquist, M.;
Moore, J.N. Current marine environmental issues and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. The
Hague : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2001, pp 309-318
CHANG, P.A. – Hydrodynamic analysis of oil outflow from double hull tankers. Paper presented at the Advance
Double-Hull Technical Symposium, October 1994. http://www50.dt.navy.mil/reports/oil_outflow/
GAVIN, A.G. - Double hull tankers : future planning. In: Lloyd's Register of Shipping Tanker and bulker safety :
Planning for the future - Seminar (15 January 1993 : London). London : Lloyd's Register of
Shipping, 1993
MIKELIS, N. - Amendments to Marpol Annex I, Regulation 13G : Shipowners' perspective. In: IBC Asia Ltd
ICOPCE 2001 – International chemical and oil pollution conference and exhibition - (3-4 September
2001 : Singapore). Singapore : IBC Asia Ltd, 2001
NIPPON KAIJI KYOKAI (NKK) - Tanker Structure Co-operative Forum 2000 : Shipbuilders meeting (
October 2000 : Tokyo) , 2000. Paper 5 - Present status and future development for the design and construction of
double hulls tankers; Paper 9 - Experience with double hull tankers and owner's viewpoint
(http://www.classnk.or.jp/TF/TankerForum.html)
EUROPEAN UNION
Maritime safety : Accelerated phasing-in of double hull oil tankers. 2003.
http://europa.eu.int/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/l24231.htm
Double hull tankers: High Level Panel of Experts Report. 3 June 2005. Brussels, EMSA, 2005
(Also attached to IMO Doc. A 24/Inf.5)
http://www.emsa.eu.int/Docs/workshops/dh%20tanker%20panel%20final%20report%20complete%203.6.05.pdf#s
earch='double%20hull%20tankers%20%3A%20high%20level%20panel%20of%20experts%20report
EUROPEAN COMMISSION – Directorate-General Energy and Transport – Oil tanker phase out and the ship
scrapping industry : A study in the implications of the accelerated phase out scheme of single hull tankers proposed
by the EU for the world ship scrapping and recycling industry. Final, June 2004.
http://europa.eu.int/comm/transport/maritime/safety/doc/prestige/2004_06_scrapping_study_en.pdf#search='oil%2
0tanker%20phase%20out%20and%20the%20ship%20scrapping%20industry'
EUROPEAN MARITIME SAFETY AGENCY – Double hull tankers: High level panel of experts Report. 3 June
2005. Brussels, EMSA, 2005
http://www.emsa.eu.int/Docs/workshops/dh%20tanker%20panel%20final%20report%20complete%203.6.05.pdf#search='doub
le%20hull%20tankers%20%3A%20high%20level%20panel%20of%20experts%20report'
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT / COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

- Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EC) No.
417/2002 on the accelerated phasing-in of double -hull or equiva lent design requirements for single -hull oil tankers
and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No. 2978/94. Brussels, Commission of the European Communities, 27
March 2006. (COM(2006) 111final), (2006/0046(COD)
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/lex/LexUriServ/site/en/com/2006/com2006_0111en01.pdf
- Regulation (EC) No. 417/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 February 2002 on the
accelerated phasing-in of double hull or equivalent design requirements for single hull oil tankers and repealing
Council Regulation (EC) No. 2978/94). In: Official Journal of the European Communities Vol. 45/L 64, 7 Mar
2002, pp 1-5
16
- Regulation (EC) No. 1726/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 July 2003 amending
Regulation (EC) No. 417/2002 on the accelerated phasing-in of double -hull or equivalent design requirements for
single-hull oil tankers. In: Official Journal of the European Communities Vol. 46/L 249, pp 1-4, 1 Oct 2003-10-16
Commission Regulation (EC) No. 2172/2004 of 17 December 2004 amending Regulation (EC) No. 417/2002 of
the European Parliament and of the Council on the accelerated phasing in of the double hull or equivalent desig n
requirements for single hull oil tankers. In: In: Official Journal of the European Communities Vol. 47/L 371, pp 26-
27, 18 December 2004. http://europa.eu.int/eur-
lex/lex/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2004:371:0026:0027:EN:PDF
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT - Draft report on the proposal for a European Parliament and Council regulation
amending Regulation (EC) No. 417/2002 on the accelerated phasing in of double hull or equivalent design
requirements for single hull oil tankers and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No.2978/94 (COM(2002) 780 -
C5-0629/2002 - 2002/0310(COD)), 2003
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
ALCOCK, T.M. - "Ecology tankers" and the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 : A history of efforts to require double hulls
on oil tankers. In: Ecology Law Quarterly Vol. 19/No. 1, 1992, pp 97-145
AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING (ABS)

- Oil tanker outlook : Assessing the impact of the revised IMO MARPOL 13G phase out. New York : ABS, 2001
(http://www.eagle.org/news/statutory.html )
- Study of double hull tanker lolling and its prevention. New York : ABS, 1996 (IMO Doc. MSC 66/Inf.17)
AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING (ABS)/ LIU, D. - Double hull tankers : What we have learned : paper
presented at the Intertanko Athens Tanker Event 27 May 1997. New York : ABS, 1997
AUSTRALIAN MARITIME SAFETY AUTHORITY (AMSA) - Comparison of single and double hull tankers.
2002. http://www.amsa.gov.au/amsa/pub/tankers.pdf
BOISSON, P. – Du Torrey Canyon au Prestige, évolution de la réglementation sur les doubles-coques de navires
pétroliers. Paris, Bureau Veritas, 2004
CLARKSON RESEARH STUDIES – Tankers in transition : New regulations, new investment opportunities.
London, Clarkson Research Studies, 2003. (http://www.clarksonresearch.com)
DAVID TAYLOR RESEARCH CENTRE - Oil spill model tests on a mid deck tanker and on a double hull
tanker configuration. Bethesda, MA : David Taylor Research Center, 1992 (IMO Doc. MEPC 33/Inf.11)
ELLISON, J. / CORBET, T. – Modelling the effects of the single -hull tanker phase-out on the world oil tanker
market. Albuquerque, (NM), USA, Sandia National Laboratories , 2006 http://www.sandia.gov/
EXXON COMPANY, INTERNATIONAL - Operational instructions for double hull tankers without longitudina l
bulkheads. New Jersey : Exxon Coo. International, 1994 (Report No. RD-1-94-HD; IMO Doc. SLF 39/Inf.3)
GARFIELD, G. (Ed.) – A guide to double bottom and double hull tankers. London, LLP Professional Publishing,
1991. (ISBN 1-85044-0453-06)
GREENPEACE INTERNATIONAL – Destination unknown : European single hull oil tankers : No place to go.
Amsterdam, 2004. http://www.greenpeaceweb.org/shipbreak/destination.pdf
GROVE, T.W. / SHARK, G. - IMO double hull tanker issues : Marpol regulations 13F and 13G. In: Society of
Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) 16th Annual Journal 19991/92. Singapore : SNAME, 1992, pp
65-74
17
INSTITUTE OF SHIPPING ANALYSIS – The EU phase-out plan for single hull tankers out of phase?
Götheborg, Sweden, 2003.
http://saiweb.sai.se/WEBDOC.nsf/0/e5188c26f618da2280256d71003a9b7f/$FILE/IMOEU.pdf
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CLASSIFICATION SOCIETIES (IACS)

– Pros and cons of double side skin construction (DSS) versus single side skin construction (SSS) for new
construction under SOLAS Chapter XII. July 2002. http://www.iacs.org.uk/fsa/wp5/doublehull.htm
- Double hull oil tankers : Guidelines for surveys, assessment and repair of hull structure. London, Witherby
Seamanship International Ltd, 2008. (ISBN 978-1-85609-349-1)
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF INDEPENDENT TANKER OWNERS (INTERTANKO)

- Current issues facing the tanker market with emphasis on the regulatory phase-out of single-hull tankers. Oslo :
Intertanko, 2001
- Tanker trends and economics. Oslo, Intertanko, 2002.
INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER OF SHIPPING (ICS)

– EU action on single hull tankers.
http://www.marisec.org/icskeyissues2003/EU%20action%20single%20hull%20tankers.htm
- Phasing-out single hull tankers. http://www.marisec.org/icskeyissues2001/phasing%20out.htm
JAPAN MARITIME RESEARCH INSTITUTE (JAMRI)

- IMO Regulations relating to double -hull structure and their effects on existing tankers : Over-aged tankers will
choose demolition, not conversion. Tokyo : JAMRI, 1993 (JAMRI Report No. 45)
- Changes in replacement demand attributable to the imposition of double -hull requirements on tankers and the
present status of double-hulled tankers : Warning against too much expectations of a boom in shipbuilding demand.
Tokyo : JAMRI, 1994 (JAMRI Report No. 50)
LLOYD'S SHIPPING INDEX - Guide to double bottom and double hull tankers. Colchester, Essex (UK) : LLP,
1991 (ISBN : 1-85044-4536)
MAGELSSEN, W. / DET NORSKE VERITAS (DNV) - Double hull : A political reality : For and against - Paper
presented at the Seatrade Tanker Industry Convention in London, 29 e 30 October 1996 . Hovik (Norway) : DNV,
1996 (Paper Series 97-P001)
MARITIME ADMINISTRATION – Department of Transport (MARAD) – Double hull tankers.

http://www.marad.dot.gov/publications/complaw03/Double%20Hull%20Tankers.html
MIELKE, J.E. / OIL SPILL INTELLIGENCE REPORT - Congressional research service: Oil spill information
pack :Double -bottom/Double -hull tankers : Pro and con. Arlington, MA : Cutter Information Corp., 1990
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL (NRC)

- Double-hull tanker legislation : An assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, D.C.: NRC, 1998
(ISBN : 0-309-06370-1)
- Effects of double -hull requirements on oil spill prevention : Interim Report. Washington, D.C.: National Academy
Press, 1996. http://www.uscg.mil/hq/g-m/nmc/pubs/studies/Opa.pdf
- Tanker spills: Prevention by design. Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1991 (ISBN 0-309-04377-8)
(Appendix E – Double hull tanker design)
OIL COMPANIES INTERNATIONAL MARINE FORUM (OCIMF) - Double hull tankers: Are they the answer?
OCIMF's views on the issue. 2003. http://www.ocimf.com/downloaddocument.cfm?documentid=944
18
PAIK, J.K./CHUNG,J.Y./CHOE,I.H./THAYAMBALLI,A.K./PEDERSEN,P.T./WANG,G. – On rational design of
double hull tanker structures against collision. The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers 1999 Annual
Meeting. http://www.mt.mek.dtu.dk/reports/articles/ptp/sname99.htm
SOLLY, R. Dr. – Supertankers : Anatomy and operation. London, Witherby & Co. Ltd, 2001.(ISBN 1-85-609-181-
3) (Chapter 14 – Double hull construction)
STOPFORD, M. – Single hull tankers – Will they depart at the double? London, Clarksons Shipping Intelligence
Network, 2007 http://www.clarksons.co.uk/research.html
TAN, .C.H. / FERGUSON, J.M. - Learning to live with double hull oil tankers. In: Society of Naval Architects and
Marine Engineers (SNAME) 16th Annual Journal 19991/92. Singapore : SNAME, 1992, pp 76-83
TANKER STRUCTURE CO-OPERATIVE FORUM - Guidelines for the inspection and maintenance of double
hull tanker structures. London : Witherby & Co. Ltd, 1995 (ISBN : 1-85609-080-9)
TRANSPORT CANADA (Marine Safety Directorate) – Standards for the double hull construction of oil tankers.
2003 (TP 11710 E). http://www.tc.gc.ca/MarineSafety/tp/TP11710/menu.htm
UNITED STATES COAST GUARD (USCG)

- Alternatives to double hull tank vessel design : Oil Pollution Act of 1990 : Report to Congress. Washington, D.C.
: USCG, 1992
- Oil outflow analysis for a series of double hull tankers. Washington, D.C. : USCG , 1998 (Report No. 9749-1
Rev.A; IMO Doc. BLG 3/Inf.14) http://www.herbert.com/publications/pdf/r9749-2.PDF
VAN DOKKUM, K. - Ship knowledge : A modern encyclopaedia . Enkhuizen (The Netherlands) :

Dokmar, 2003 (ISBN : 90-806330-2-X)
USEFUL ADDRESSES
American Bureau of Shipping (ABS)
45 Eisenhower Drive
1st Floor
Paramus, NJ 07652
United States of America
Tel.: +1 201 909 5300
Website: http://www.eagle.org
International Association of Classification Societies (IACS)

6th Floor
36 Broadway
London SW1H 0BH
Tel.: +44 20 7976 0660
Fax.: +44 20 7808 1100
E-mail: permesec@iacs.org.uk
Website: http://www.iacs.org.uk
International Association of Independent Tanker Owners (INTERTANKO)

Bogstadvn, 27B
P.O. Box 5804 Majorstuen
N-0308 Oslo
Norway
Website: http://www.intertanko.com
19
International Chamber of Shipping (ICS)
Carthusian Court
12 Carthusian Street
London EC1M 6EB
Tel.: +44 20 7417 8844
Fax.: +44 20 7417 8877
Website: http://www.marisec.org
National Research Council (NRC)

500 Fifth Street, N.W.
Box 285
Washington, D.C. 20055
United States
Tel.: +1 202 334 3313
Website: http://www.nap.edu
Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF)

27 Queen Anne's Gate
London SW1H 9BU
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 20 7654 1200
Fax: + 44 20 7654 1205
E-mail:
ocimf@compuserve.com
Website: http://www.ocimf.com
ARTICLES FROM THE PRESS

“Please note that the list below only reflects the articles published from 2001 onwards. A complete list is available
on request.”
Notices
1. For a list of articles in the press please refer to the IMO website and SeaLibrary the online catalogue of
the Maritime Knowledge Centre using the terms : “double hull, single hull, Marpol, Annex I ,article”
a full list of articles (Technical and Legal) on the subject, please contact:
MaritimeKnowledgeCentre@imo.org (Please note that the IRDs were last updated in November/December 2007)
20

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DOUBLE HULL - SINGLE HULL SHIP DESIGN - 28 January 2010

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Ma rit ime K now le dge Ce nt re

MKC O nl i ne cat al og ue SeaLibrary

4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, United Kingdom.

IMO Material on the Website 3

Conferences and Seminars 16

Articles from the Press 20

Tanker safety – preventing accidental pollution - Single -hull phase-out timetable

5 April 2005 – Single Hull Phase Out - FAQ

Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS) http://www.imo.org/dynamic/mainframe.asp?topic_id=155#cas

Double hulls http://www.imo.org/dynamic/mainframe.asp?topic_id=155#double

IMO News Magazine

The Documents listed below are from 2001 meetings onwards.

MEPC.99(48) Amendments to the Condition Assessment Scheme

MEPC.112(50) Amendments to the Condition Assessment Scheme

MEPC/Circ.394 Implementation of the revised regulation 13(G) of Annex I of Marpol 73/78.

MEPC/Circ.413 Equivalent arrangements under Annex I of Marpol 73/78. Notification by the

MEPC/Circ.416 Condition Assessment Scheme for category 1 oil tankers

MEPC.1/Circ.481 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.483 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.484 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.486 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.487 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.489 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.492 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.495 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.496 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.502 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.520 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.529 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS)

MEPC.1/Circ.530 Implementation of the Condit ion Assessment Scheme (CAS)

MEPC.1/Circ.532 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.533 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.534 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS)

MEPC.1/Circ.535 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS)

MEPC.1/Circ.536 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS)

MEPC.1/Circ.539 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.546 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.547 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.548 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.549 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.550 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.552 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.556 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.557 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.559 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.560 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.562 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.563 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.564 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.566 Implementation of Regulation 20 and 21 of the revised MAPROL Annex I –

MEPC.1/Circ.568 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.569 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.576 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

MEPC.1/Circ.588 Implementation of the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Communication received

SUB-COMMITTEE ON BULK LIQUIDS AND GASES

7 th Session – (24 – 28 June 2002)

SUB-COMMITTEE ON SHIP DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT

46 th Session (10 – 19 March 2003)

DE 46/32 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee

DE 47/25 Report to the Maritime Safety Committee

48 th Session (21 – 25 February 2005)

49 th Session (20 – 24 February 2006)