"MONORAIL13" --- MONORAIL BEAM ANALYSIS

Program Description:

"MONORAIL13" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of either S-shape or
W-shape underhung monorail beams analyzed as simple-spans with or without overhangs (cantilevers).
Specifically, the x-axis and y-axis bending moments as well as any torsion effects are calculated. The actual and
allowable stresses are determined, and the effect of lower flange bending is also addressed by two different
approaches.

This program is a workbook consisting of three (3) worksheets, described as follows:

Worksheet Name Description

Doc This documentation sheet
S-shaped Monorail Beam Monorail beam analysis for S-shaped beams
W-shaped Monorail Beam Monorail beam analysis for W-shaped beams

Program Assumptions and Limitations:

1. The following references were used in the development of this program:

a. Fluor Enterprises, Inc. - Guideline 000.215.1257 - "Hoisting Facilities" (August 22, 2005)
b. Dupont Engineering Design Standard: DB1X - "Design and Installation of Monorail Beams" (May 2000)
c. American National Standards Institute (ANSI): MH27.1 - "Underhung Cranes and Monorail Syatems"
d. American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) 13th Edition Allowable Stress Design (ASD) Manual (2005)
e. "Allowable Bending Stresses for Overhanging Monorails" - by N. Stephen Tanner -
AISC Engineering Journal (3rd Quarter, 1985)
f. Crane Manufacturers Association of America, Inc. (CMAA) - Publication No. 74 -
"Specifications for Top Running & Under Running Single Girder Electric Traveling Cranes
Utilizing Under Running Trolley Hoist" (2004)
g. "Design of Monorail Systems" - by Thomas H. Orihuela Jr., PE (www.pdhengineer.com)
h. British Steel Code B.S. 449, pages 42-44 (1959)
i. USS Steel Design Manual - Chapter 7 "Torsion" - by R. L. Brockenbrough and B.G. Johnston (1981)
j. AISC Steel Design Guide Series No. 9 - "Torsional Analysis of Structural Steel Members" -
by Paul A. Seaburg, PhD, PE and Charlie J. Carter, PE (1997)
k. "Technical Note: Torsion Analysis of Steel Sections" - by William E. Moore II and Keith M. Mueller -
AISC Engineering Journal (4th Quarter, 2002)
2. The unbraced length for the overhang (cantilever) portion, 'Lbo', of an underhung monorail beam is often debated.
The following are some recommendations from the references cited above:
a. Fluor Guideline 000.215.1257: Lbo = Lo+L/2
b. Dupont Standard DB1X: Lbo = 3*Lo
c. ANSI Standard MH27.1: Lbo = 2*Lo
d. British Steel Code B.S. 449: Lbo = 2*Lo (for top flange of monorail beam restrained at support)
British Steel Code B.S. 449: Lbo = 3*Lo (for top flange of monorail beam unrestrained at support)
e. AISC Eng. Journal Article by Tanner: Lbo = Lo+L (used with a computed value of 'Cbo' from article)
3. This program also determines the calculated value of the bending coefficient, 'Cbo', for the overhang (cantilever)
portion of the monorail beam from reference "e" in note #1 above. This is located off of the main calculation page.
Note: if this computed value of 'Cbo' is used and input, then per this reference the total value of Lo+L should be
used for the unbraced length, 'Lbo', for the overhang portion of the monorail beam.
4. This program ignores effects of axial compressive stress produced by any longitudinal (traction) force which is
usually considered minimal for underhung, hand-operated monorail systems.
5. This program contains “comment boxes” which contain a wide variety of information including explanations of
input or output items, equations used, data tables, etc. (Note: presence of a “comment box” is denoted by a
“red triangle” in the upper right-hand corner of a cell. Merely move the mouse pointer to the desired cell to view
the contents of that particular "comment box".)
 "MONORAIL13.xls" Program
Created By: Joel Berg, P.E.
Based on a Spreadsheet By: Alex Tomanovich, P.E.
Version 1.2

MONORAIL BEAM ANALYSIS

For S-shaped Underhung Monorails Analyzed as Simple-Spans with / without Overhang
Per AISC 13th Edition ASD Manual and CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004)
Project Name: Client: ###
Project No.: Prep. By: Date: ###
###
Input: ###
RL(min)=-0.73 kips RR(max)=9.13 kips ta =
Monorail Size: L=17 ft. Lo=3 ft. λ=
Select: S12x50 x=8.313ft. Cxo =
Design Parameters: S=9 in. Cx1 =
Beam Fy = 36 ksi Czo =
Beam Simple-Span, L = 17.0000 ft. S12x50 Cz1 =
Unbraced Length, Lb = 17.0000 ft. Section Ratios and P
Bending Coef., Cb = 1.00 Pv=7.4 kips bf/(2*tf) =
Overhang Length, Lo = 3.0000 ft. Nomenclature h/tw =
Unbraced Length, Lbo = 11.5000 ft. Shape Factor X =
Bending Coef., Cbo = 1.00 S12x50 Member Properties:
Lifted Load, P = 6.000 kips A = 14.60 in.^2 Zx = 60.90 in.^3
Trolley Weight, Wt = 0.400 kips d = 12.000 in. Iy = 15.60 in.^4
Hoist Weight, Wh = 0.100 kips tw = 0.687 in. Sy = 5.69 in.^3
Vert. Impact Factor, Vi = 15 % bf = 5.480 in. ry = 1.030 in.
Horz. Load Factor, HLF = 10 % tf = 0.659 in. Zy = 10.30 in.^3
Total No. Wheels, Nw = 4 k= 1.440 in. J = 2.770 in.^4
Wheel Spacing, S = 9.0000 in. Ix = 303.00 in.^4 Cw = 501.0 in.^6
Distance on Flange, a = 0.3750 in. Sx = 50.60 in.^3 wt / ft. = 50.0 plf
For Lo > 0 (with over
Support Reactions: (with overhang) RR(max) =
Results: RR(max) = 9.13 RL(min) =
= Pv*(L+(Lo-(S/12)/2))/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L+Lo)^2
RL(min) = -0.73 = -Pv*(Lo-(S/12)/2)/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L^2-Lo^2) Bending Moments fo
Parameters and Coefficients: x=
Pv = 7.400 kips Pv = P*(1+Vi/100)+Wt+Wh (vertical load) Mx =
Pw = 1.850 kips/wheel Pw = Pv/Nw (load per trolley wheel) My =
Ph = 0.600 kips Ph = HLF*P (horizontal load) Lateral Flange Bendi
ta = 0.493 in. ta = tf-bf/24+a/6 (for S-shape) e=
λ = 0.156 λ = 2*a/(bf-tw) at =
Cxo = -0.850 Cxo = -1.096+1.095*λ+0.192*e^(-6.0*λ) Mt =
Cx1 = 0.600 Cx1 = 3.965-4.835*λ-3.965*e^(-2.675*λ)
Czo = 0.165 Czo = -0.981-1.479*λ+1.120*e^(1.322*λ) Design Chapter
Cz1 = 1.948 Cz1 = 1.810-1.150*λ+1.060*e^(-7.70*λ) kc =
Bending Moments for Simple-Span: Lp =
x = 8.313 ft. x = 1/2*(L-(S/12)/2) (location of max. moments from left end of simple-span) rts =
Mx = 31.88 ft-kips Mx = (Pv/2)/(2*L)*(L-(S/12)/2)^2+w/1000*x/2*(L-x) c=
My = 2.44 ft-kips My = (Ph/2)/(2*L)*(L-(S/12)/2)^2 R1 =
R2 =
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Simple-Span: (per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981) Lr =
e = 6.000 in. e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange) R3 =
at = 21.641 at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi fbx =
Mt = 0.29 ft-kips Mt = Ph*e*at/(2*(d-tf))*TANH(L*12/(2*at))/12 Is Lb<=Lp?
Fbx =
X-axis Stresses for Simple-Span: Fbx =
fbx = 7.56 ksi fbx = Mx/Sx Fbx =
Lr = 24.91 ft. (Eqn. F2-6, max. value of Lb for inelastic LTB) Use: Fbx =
Fbx = 19.25 ksi Eqn. F2-2 Controls fbx <= Fbx, O.K.
(continued)

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 "MONORAIL13.xls" Program
Created By: Joel Berg, P.E.
Based on a Spreadsheet By: Alex Tomanovich, P.E.
Version 1.2

Y-axis Stresses for Simple-Span: fby =

fby = 5.14 ksi fby = My/Sy fwns =
fwns = 1.21 ksi fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress) fby(total) =
fby(total) = 6.35 ksi fby(total) = fby+fwns Fby =
Fby = 34.49 ksi Eqn. F6-1 Controls fby <= Fby, O.K.
Fby =
Combined Stress Ratio for Simple-Span: Fcr =
S.R. = 0.577 S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby S.R. <= 1.0, O.K.

Vertical Deflection for Simple-Span: S.R. =

Pv = 6.500 kips Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact)
∆(max) = 0.1412 in. ∆(max) = Pv/2*(L-S)/2/(24*E*I)*(3*L^2-4*((L-S/12)/2)^2)+5*w/12000*L^4/(384*E*I)
Pv =
∆(ratio) = L/1445 ∆(ratio) = L*12/∆(max) ∆(max) =
∆(allow) = 0.4533 in. ∆(allow) = L*12/450 Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow), O.K.
∆(allow) =
Bending Moments for Overhang:
Mx = 19.65 ft-kips Mx = (Pv/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))+w/1000*Lo^2/2 Mx =
My = 1.58 ft-kips My = (Ph/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S)) My =
Lateral Flange Bendi
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Overhang: (per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981) e =
e = 6.000 in. e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange) at =
at = 21.641 at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi Mt =
Mt = 0.57 ft-kips Mt = Ph*e*at/(d-tf)*TANH(Lo*12/at)/12
Design Chapter
X-axis Stresses for Overhang: kc =
fbx = 4.66 ksi fbx = Mx/Sx Lp =
Lr = 24.91 ft. (Eqn. F2-6, max. value of Lb for inelastic LTB) rts =
Fbx = 22.15 ksi Eqn. F2-2 Controls fbx <= Fbx, O.K.
R1 =
Y-axis Stresses for Overhang: R2 =
fby = 3.32 ksi fby = My/Sy Lr =
fwns = 2.41 ksi fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress) R3 =
fby(total) = 5.74 ksi fby(total) = fby+fwns fbx =
Fby = 34.49 ksi Eqn. F6-1 Controls fby <= Fby, O.K.
Fbx =
Combined Stress Ratio for Overhang: Fbx =
S.R. = 0.377 S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby S.R. <= 1.0, O.K.
Use: Fbx =
Vertical Deflection for Overhang: (assuming full design load, Pv without impact, at end of overhang) Mrx =
Pv = 6.500 kips Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact) S.R. =
∆(max) = 0.0715 in. ∆(max) = Pv*Lo^2*(L+Lo)/(3*E*I)+w/12000*Lo*(4*Lo^2*L-L^3+3*Lo^3)/(24*E*I)
∆(ratio) = L/503 ∆(ratio) = Lo*12/∆(max) fby =
∆(allow) = 0.0800 in. ∆(allow) = Lo*12/450 Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow), O.K.
fby(total) =
Bottom Flange Bending (simplified): Fby =
be = 7.908 in. Min. of: be = 12*tf or S (effective flange bending length) Fby =
tf2 = 0.859 in. tf2 = tf+(bf/2-tw/2)/2*(1/6) (flange thk. at web based on 1:6 slope of flange) Fby =
am = 1.815 in. am = (bf/2-tw/2)-(k-tf2) (where: k-tf2 = radius of fillet) Fcr =
Mf = 2.664 in.-kips Mf = Pw*(am-a) Use: Fby =
Sf = 0.572 in.^3 Sf = be*tf^2/6
fb = 4.65 ksi fb = Mf/Sf S.R. =
Fb = 32.40 ksi Fb = 0.9*Fy fb <= Fb, O.K.
Pv =
(continued)

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 "MONORAIL13.xls" Program
Created By: Joel Berg, P.E.
Based on a Spreadsheet By: Alex Tomanovich, P.E.
Version 1.2

∆(ratio) =
Bottom Flange Bending per CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004): (Note: torsion is neglected) ∆(allow) =

Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 0: (Sign convention: + = tension, - = compression)

σxo = -6.46 ksi σxo = Cxo*Pw/ta^2 be =
σzo = 1.25 ksi σzo = Czo*Pw/ta^2 tf2 =
S-shape am =
Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 1: Mf =
σx1 = 4.56 ksi σx1 = Cx1*Pw/ta^2 Trolley Sf =
σz1 = 14.82 ksi σz1 = Cz1*Pw/ta^2 Wheel fb =
Fb =
Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 2: Bottom Flange Bend
σx2 = 6.46 ksi σx2 = -σxo Local Flange Bendin
σz2 = -1.25 ksi σz2 = -σzo Pw Pw σxo =
σzo =
Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 0:
fbxo = 7.56 ksi fbxo = Mx*(d/2)/Ix = Mx/Sx σx1 =
fbyo = 0.64 ksi fbyo = My*(tw/2)/Iy σz1 =
σz = 9.15 ksi σz = fbxo+fbyo+0.75*σzo
σx = -4.85 ksi σx = 0.75*σxo σx2 =
τxz = 0.00 ksi τxz = 0 (assumed negligible) σz2 =
σto = 12.31 ksi σto = SQRT(σx^2+σz^2-σx*σz+3*τxz^2) <= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.
fbxo =
Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 1: fbyo =
fbx1 = 7.56 ksi fbx1 = Mx*(d/2)/Ix = Mx/Sx σz =
fby1 = 4.44 ksi fby1 = My*(bf/2-a)/Iy σx =
σz = 23.11 ksi σz = fbx1+fby1+0.75*σz1 τxz =
σx = 3.42 ksi σx = 0.75*σx1 σto =
τxz = 0.00 ksi τxz = 0 (assumed negligible)
σt1 = 21.60 ksi σt1 = SQRT(σx^2+σz^2-σx*σz+3*τxz^2) <= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.
fby1 =
Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 2: σz =
fbx2 = 6.74 ksi fbx2 = Mx*(d/2-tf)/Ix σx =
fby2 = 0.64 ksi fby2 = My*(tw/2)/Iy τxz =
σz = 6.45 ksi σz = fbx2+fby2+0.75*σz2 σt1 =
σx = 4.85 ksi σx = 0.75*σx2
τxz = 0.00 ksi τxz = 0 (assumed negligible) fbx2 =
σt2 = 5.81 ksi σt2 = SQRT(σx^2+σz^2-σx*σz+3*τxz^2) <= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.
σz =
Y σx =
τxz =
σt2 =

tw

X
Pw Z Pw

tf

Point 2 Point 1 ta
bf/4
Point 0 tw/2 bf

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 "MONORAIL13.xls" Program
Created By: Joel Berg, P.E.
Based on a Spreadsheet By: Alex Tomanovich, P.E.
Version 1.2

MONORAIL BEAM ANALYSIS

For W-shaped Underhung Monorails Analyzed as Simple-Spans with / without Overhang
Per AISC 13th Edition ASD Manual and CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004)
Project Name: Client: ###
Project No.: Prep. By: Date: ###
###
Input: ###
RL(min)=-0.73 kips RR(max)=9.13 kips ta =
Monorail Size: L=17 ft. Lo=3 ft. λ=
Select: W12x50 x=8.313 ft Cxo =
Design Parameters: S=9 in. Cx1 =
Beam Fy = 36 ksi Czo =
Beam Simple-Span, L = 17.0000 ft. W12x50 Cz1 =
Unbraced Length, Lb = 17.0000 ft. Section Ratios and P
Bending Coef., Cb = 1.00 Pv=7.4 kips bf/(2*tf) =
Overhang Length, Lo = 3.0000 ft. Nomenclature h/tw =
Unbraced Length, Lbo = 11.5000 ft. Shape Factor X =
Bending Coef., Cbo = 1.00 W12x50 Member Properties:
Lifted Load, P = 6.000 kips A = 14.60 in.^2 Zx = 71.90 in.^3
Trolley Weight, Wt = 0.400 kips d = 12.200 in. Iy = 56.30 in.^4
Hoist Weight, Wh = 0.100 kips tw = 0.370 in. Sy = 13.90 in.^3
Vert. Impact Factor, Vi = 15 % bf = 8.080 in. ry = 1.960 in.
Horz. Load Factor, HLF = 10 % tf = 0.640 in. Zy = 21.30 in.^3
Total No. Wheels, Nw = 4 k= 1.140 in. J = 1.710 in.^4
Wheel Spacing, S = 9.0000 in. Ix = 391.00 in.^4 Cw = 1880.0 in.^6
Distance on Flange, a = 0.3750 in. Sx = 64.20 in.^3 wt / ft. = 50.0 plf
For Lo > 0 (with over
Support Reactions: (with overhang) RR(max) =
Results: RR(max) = 9.13 RL(min) =
= Pv*(L+(Lo-(S/12)/2))/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L+Lo)^2
RL(min) = -0.73 = -Pv*(Lo-(S/12)/2)/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L^2-Lo^2) Bending Moments fo
Parameters and Coefficients: x=
Pv = 7.400 kips Pv = P*(1+Vi/100)+Wt+Wh (vertical load) Mx =
Pw = 1.850 kips/wheel Pw = Pv/Nw (load per trolley wheel) My =
Ph = 0.600 kips Ph = HLF*P (horizontal load) Lateral Flange Bendi
ta = 0.640 in. ta = tf (for W-shape) e=
λ = 0.097 λ = 2*a/(bf-tw) at =
Cxo = -1.903 Cxo = -2.110+1.977*λ+0.0076*e^(6.53*λ) Mt =
Cx1 = 0.535 Cx1 = 10.108-7.408*λ-10.108*e^(-1.364*λ) X-axis Stresses for S
Czo = 0.192 Czo = 0.050-0.580*λ+0.148*e^(3.015*λ) Design Chapter
Cz1 = 2.319 Cz1 = 2.230-1.490*λ+1.390*e^(-18.33*λ) kc =
Bending Moments for Simple-Span: Lp =
x = 8.313 ft. x = 1/2*(L-(S/12)/2) (location of max. moments from left end of simple-span) rts =
Mx = 31.88 ft-kips Mx = (Pv/2)/(2*L)*(L-(S/12)/2)^2+w/1000*x/2*(L-x) c=
My = 2.44 ft-kips My = (Ph/2)/(2*L)*(L-(S/12)/2)^2 R1 =
R2 =
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Simple-Span: (per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981) Lr =
e = 6.100 in. e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange) R3 =
at = 53.354 at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi fbx =
Mt = 0.67 ft-kips Mt = Ph*e*at/(2*(d-tf))*TANH(L*12/(2*at))/12 Is Lb<=Lp?
Fbx =
X-axis Stresses for Simple-Span: Fbx =
fbx = 5.96 ksi fbx = Mx/Sx Fbx =
Lr = 31.31 ft. (Eqn. F2-6, max. value of Lb for inelastic LTB) Fbx =
Fbx = 20.69 ksi Eqn. F2-2 Controls fbx <= Fbx, O.K.
(continued)

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 "MONORAIL13.xls" Program
Created By: Joel Berg, P.E.
Based on a Spreadsheet By: Alex Tomanovich, P.E.
Version 1.2

Mrx =
Y-axis Stresses for Simple-Span: S.R. =
fby = 2.11 ksi fby = My/Sy Y-axis Stresses for S
fwns = 1.16 ksi fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress) fby =
fby(total) = 3.27 ksi fby(total) = fby+fwns fwns =
Fby = 33.03 ksi Eqn. F6-1 Controls fby <= Fby, O.K.
Fby =
Combined Stress Ratio for Simple-Span: Fby =
S.R. = 0.387 S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby S.R. <= 1.0, O.K.
Fcr =
Vertical Deflection for Simple-Span: Use: Fby =
Pv = 6.500 kips Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact) Combined Stress Ra
∆(max) = 0.1094 in. ∆(max) = Pv/2*(L-(S/12))/2/(24*E*I)*(3*L^2-4*((L-(S/12))/2)^2)+5*w/12000*L^4/(384*E*I)
S.R. =
∆(ratio) = L/1865 ∆(ratio) = L*12/∆(max) Vertical Deflection fo
∆(allow) = 0.4533 in. ∆(allow) = L*12/450 Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow), O.K.
∆(max) =
Bending Moments for Overhang: ∆(ratio) =
Mx = 19.65 ft-kips Mx = (Pv/2)*(Lo+(Lo-(S/12)))+w/1000*Lo^2/2 ∆(allow) =
My = 1.58 ft-kips My = (Ph/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S/12)) Bending Moments fo
Mx =
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Overhang: (per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981) My =
e = 6.100 in. e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange) Lateral Flange Bendi
at = 53.354 at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi e=
Mt = 1.41 ft-kips Mt = Ph*e*at/(d-tf)*TANH(Lo*12/at)/12 at =
Mt =
X-axis Stresses for Overhang: X-axis Stresses for O
fbx = 3.67 ksi fbx = Mx/Sx Design Chapter
Lr = 31.31 ft. (Eqn. F2-6, max. value of Lb for inelastic LTB) kc =
Fbx = 22.84 ksi Eqn. F2-2 Controls fbx <= Fbx, O.K.
rts =
Y-axis Stresses for Overhang: c=
fby = 1.36 ksi fby = My/Sy R1 =
fwns = 2.43 ksi fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress) R2 =
fby(total) = 3.79 ksi fby(total) = fby+fwns Lr =
Fby = 33.03 ksi Eqn. F6-1 Controls fby <= Fby, O.K.
fbx =
Combined Stress Ratio for Overhang: Is Lb<=Lp?
S.R. = 0.276 S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby S.R. <= 1.0, O.K.
Fbx =
Vertical Deflection for Overhang: (assuming full design load, Pv without impact, at end of overhang) Fbx =
Pv = 6.500 kips Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact) Fbx =
∆(max) = 0.0554 in. ∆(max) = Pv*Lo^2*(L+Lo)/(3*E*I)+w/12000*Lo*(4*Lo^2*L-L^3+3*Lo^3)/(24*E*I) Fbx =
∆(ratio) = L/650 ∆(ratio) = Lo*12/∆(max) Use: Fbx =
∆(allow) = 0.0800 in. ∆(allow) = Lo*12/450 Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow), O.K.
S.R. =
Bottom Flange Bending (simplified): Y-axis Stresses for O
be = 7.680 in. Min. of: be = 12*tf or S (effective flange bending length) fby =
am = 3.355 in. am = (bf/2-tw/2)-(k-tf) (where: k-tf = radius of fillet) fwns =
Mf = 5.513 in.-kips Mf = Pw*(am-a) fby(total) =
Sf = 0.524 in.^3 Sf = be*tf^2/6 Fby =
fb = 10.52 ksi fb = Mf/Sf Fby =
Fb = 32.40 ksi Fb = 0.90*Fy fb <= Fb, O.K.
Fcr =
Use: Fby =
(continued)

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20:33:28 54481805.xls of 7
 "MONORAIL13.xls" Program
Created By: Joel Berg, P.E.
Based on a Spreadsheet By: Alex Tomanovich, P.E.
Version 1.2

S.R. =
Bottom Flange Bending per CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004): (Note: torsion is neglected) Vertical Deflection fo
Pv =
Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 0: (Sign convention: + = tension, - = compression)
σxo = -8.60 ksi σxo = Cxo*Pw/ta^2 ∆(ratio) =
σzo = 0.87 ksi σzo = Czo*Pw/ta^2 ∆(allow) =

Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 1: Bottom Flange Local

σx1 = 2.42 ksi σx1 = Cx1*Pw/ta^2 be =
σz1 = 10.47 ksi σz1 = Cz1*Pw/ta^2 tf2 =
am =
Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 2: Mf =
σx2 = 8.60 ksi σx2 = -σxo Sf =
σz2 = -0.87 ksi σz2 = -σzo fb =
Fb =
Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 0: Bottom Flange Bend
fbxo = 5.96 ksi fbxo = Mx*(d/2)/Ix = Mx/Sx Local Flange Bendin
fbyo = 0.10 ksi fbyo = My*(tw/2)/Iy σxo =
σz = 6.71 ksi σz = fbxo+fbyo+0.75*σzo σzo =
σx = -6.45 ksi σx = 0.75*σxo Local Flange Bendin
τxz = 0.00 ksi τxz = 0 (assumed negligible) σx1 =
σto = 11.39 ksi σto = SQRT(σx^2+σz^2-σx*σz+3*τxz^2) <= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.
Local Flange Bendin
Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 1: σx2 =
fbx1 = 5.96 ksi fbx1 = Mx*(d/2)/Ix = Mx/Sx σz2 =
fby1 = 1.91 ksi fby1 = My*(bf/2-a)/Iy Resultant Biaxial Stre
σz = 15.72 ksi σz = fbx1+fby1+0.75*σz1 fbxo =
σx = 1.81 ksi σx = 0.75*σx1 fbyo =
τxz = 0.00 ksi τxz = 0 (assumed negligible) σz =
σt1 = 14.90 ksi σt1 = SQRT(σx^2+σz^2-σx*σz+3*τxz^2) <= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.
τxz =
Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 2: σto =
fbx2 = 5.34 ksi fbx2 = Mx*(d/2-tf)/Ix Resultant Biaxial Stre
fby2 = 0.10 ksi fby2 = My*(tw/2)/Iy fbxo =
σz = 4.79 ksi σz = fbx2+fby2+0.75*σz2 fbyo =
σx = 6.45 ksi σx = 0.75*σx2 σz =
τxz = 0.00 ksi τxz = 0 (assumed negligible) σx =
σt2 = 5.80 ksi σt2 = SQRT(σx^2+σz^2-σx*σz+3*τxz^2) <= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.
σt1 =
Y Resultant Biaxial Stre
fbx2 =
fby2 =
σz =
σx =
τxz =
σt2 =
tw W18X55
X W18X50
Pw Pw W18X46
Z W18X40
W18X35
Point 2 W16X100
W16X89
W16X77
W16X67

Point 0 tf W16X57
W16X50
Point 1 W16X45
bf W16X40
W16X36

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