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    An important book shows the corrupt belief of Shi’ites. The author said in the introduction, “I wrote this book for a number of reasons including: (1) The increased efforts of the Shi’ites to spread their ideology in the Muslim world. (2) The danger of this deviant sect poses on Islam. (3) The ignorance of many Muslims about the danger of this deviant sect. (4) The corrupt Aqeedah (belief system) of the Shi’ites, which includes polytheism, defamation of the Quran and defamation of the Companions of the Prophet, may Allah be pleased with them all. (5) Their extreme beliefs in relation to their imams.

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    An important book shows the corrupt belief of Shi’ites. The author said in the introduction, “I wrote this book for a number of reasons including: (1) The increased efforts of the Shi’ites to spread their ideology in the Muslim world. (2) The danger of this deviant sect poses on Islam. (3) The ignorance of many Muslims about the danger of this deviant sect. (4) The corrupt Aqeedah (belief system) of the Shi’ites, which includes polytheism, defamation of the Quran and defamation of the Companions of the Prophet, may Allah be pleased with them all. (5) Their extreme beliefs in relation to their imams.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    128 views35 pages

    The Difference Between The Shee'Ah and The Muslims

    Uploaded by

    Meaad Al-Awwad
    An important book shows the corrupt belief of Shi’ites. The author said in the introduction, “I wrote this book for a number of reasons including: (1) The increased efforts of the Shi’ites to spread their ideology in the Muslim world. (2) The danger of this deviant sect poses on Islam. (3) The ignorance of many Muslims about the danger of this deviant sect. (4) The corrupt Aqeedah (belief system) of the Shi’ites, which includes polytheism, defamation of the Quran and defamation of the Companions of the Prophet, may Allah be pleased with them all. (5) Their extreme beliefs in relation to their imams.

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    of 35

    THE DIFFERENCE

    BETWEEN THE SHEE'AH AND


    THE MUSLIMS

    BY
    SAEED ISMAEEL

    1995-1416
    fu ThE
    iN rht NAME
    rJAfrrE rhe MOST
    of AILah, ThE
    ofAllAh, nosr BENEficENT,
    Ben{icetr, ThE firosr MERCiflJ1
    rhe MOST nenciful
    OF CONTENTS
    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    Introduction
    Introduction 1
    Background
    Backgroundof Shee'ah
    Shee'ahIdeologies
    Ideologies 2
    The
    TheHoly Qur'an
    Qur'an 3
    The
    The Sunna Hadeeth
    Sunnaor Hadeeth 6
    Ijma' (Consensus
    Ijma' (Consensus Semi-Consensus)
    or Semi-Consensus) 8
    Articles
    Articlesof Faith andPillars
    Faith and Islam
    Pillarsof Islam 1l
    11
    The
    The Shee'ah
    Shee'ahConcept Imamate
    Conceptof Imamate t3
    13
    The Family
    Family ofof the Prophet
    Prophet (peaceBeUponHim)
    6ro""neuponHim) I6
    16
    The Companions
    Companions of of the Prophet
    Prophet (peace
    @eaceBeUponHim)
    Be Upon Him) 18
    18
    Toq'yah (Shielding)
    Toq'yah(Shielding) 2r
    21
    ah -- Temporary
    Mut'ah
    Mut' Marriage
    TemporaryMarriage 24
    24
    GhadeerKhum
    Ghadeer 26
    26
    Conclusion
    Conclusion 30
    30
    References
    References 31
    31
    I*t*oDUCrroN
    INTRODUCTION
    Thanks be
    Thanks be to ALLAH,
    ALLAH, His help help we seek
    seekand guidancewe
    and His guidance we search
    searchfor;
    for'
    ra*romsoeverALLAH
    whomsoever ALLAH permits go astray
    permitsto go astrayshall
    shall never
    neverhave guidan"", whomsoever
    haveguidance, , rlrornro"rr.i
    ALLAH guides shall
    ALLAH guides neverbe
    shall never be misled;
    misled;and
    and I bear
    bearwitness
    witnessthat thereis
    that there is no
    no God
    God but
    but
    ALLAH alone
    ALLAH alone and
    and He has no
    He has partner;and
    no partner; and I bear
    bearwitness
    witnessthat Mohammedis
    that Mohammed is His
    His
    servant
    servant and
    and messenger. Peace be
    messenger.Peace upon him,
    be upon him, his
    his family,
    family, his
    his companions
    companionsand and their
    their
    followers
    followersuntil the day of resurrection.
    the day resurrection.
    ALLAH
    ALLAH commands
    commandsus us in the Qur'an'."Let
    the Holy Qur'an: "Let there
    there arise
    arise out ofyou a
    group of
    of people iniviting
    iniviting to all
    all that Lv
    is good (Islam), enjoining
    enjoining Al-ma'ruf(i.e.
    Al-ma'ruf (te.
    Islamic Monotheism and all that Islam orders one to do) do) andforbidding
    andforbidding Al-
    Al-
    Munkar (polytheism and disbelief and all
    Munhar (polytheism all that Islam has forbidden). And
    hasforbidden). And it is
    they
    they who are the successful"l. pray to ALLAH
    successful"r.I pray ALLAH thatthat He will accept
    acceptthis
    this work as
    as
    aa correct
    correctresponse
    responseto
    to His
    His commandment.
    commandment.
    The purpose of this
    The purpose pamphlet is
    this pamphlet is to presentaa brief idea
    to present idea about
    aboutthe
    the religious
    religious
    issues
    issuesthat
    that the
    the Shee'ah
    Shee'ahscholars
    scholarshave
    havedisagreed
    disagreedupon
    uponwith
    with the majorityof Muslim
    the majority Muslim
    scholars.It is
    scholars. is to acquaint
    acquaint especially
    especially those
    thosewho
    who have
    haveaa vague picture of what
    vaguepicture what thethe
    Shee'ah school
    Shee'ahschool of thought
    thought is
    is in comparisonto the malority'sversionof Islam.In
    comparison to the majority's version ofIslam. ln
    short,
    short, it is
    is to answer
    answerthe
    the ever-rising questions.Is
    ever-risingquestions. Is the
    the disagreement
    disagreementvital?
    vital? And ifif it is
    is
    vital,
    vital, as
    as aa Muslim
    Muslim Shee'ah
    Shee'ahor or following
    followingthe
    the Muslim
    Muslim scholars,
    scholars,what
    what should
    shouldI do do toto
    find the
    find the right
    right Islam
    Islam and the right
    and the path to
    nght path to Paradise?
    Paradise?May ALLAH
    ALLAH bestow
    bestowon on us
    us His
    His
    mercy
    mercyand andnot depriveus
    not deprive us of His guidance.Ameen.
    His guidance. Ameen.

    t The
    the Holy Qur'an: 104
    I Qur'an: Chapter
    Chapter 3 verse
    verse 104.
    BACKGROUND oF
    Boa*cRouND SHEE'AD TDEoLocIES
    OF 'HEE'AH IDEOLOGIES
    When Islam
    When Islam came
    came asas a guidance
    guidance for mankind,
    mankind, the early generation
    the early generation of
    Muslims sincerely
    devoted Muslims
    devoted sincerely worked
    worked hard propagate
    hard to propagate and and defend allowing Islam
    defend it, allowing Islam
    steadfastly. However,
    spread steadfastly.
    to spread However, this created a wave
    this created anger and
    wave of anger and hatred
    hatred towards
    towards
    Islam from
    Islam some of the
    from some the narrow minded religious
    narrow minded figures,especially
    religious figures, especiallyof Judarsm
    Judaism.
    They plotted
    They plotted to
    to assassinate
    assassinate the prophet
    the prophet (peae
    (Peace Be
    Be upo
    Uprn Him) and to create
    Him) and create discord
    discord or
    or
    fighting among Muslims
    fighting among (Fitnah). However,
    Muslims (Fitnah). However, the the Iman faith of the
    Iman or faith the companions
    companions
    was so
    was so strong that they
    strong that were not
    they were affectedby such
    not affected suchconspiracies.
    conspiracies. After
    After the deathof
    the death
    many companions,
    many companions, the the Jewish
    Jewish conspiracy
    conspiracy among others, represented
    among others, represented by Abdullah
    Abdullah
    bin Sabaa,
    bin found its
    Sabaa,found its way first, thru
    way first, Muslims less
    thru Muslims less educated
    educated about then later
    Islam then
    about Islam later
    on
    on to the rest
    to the rest of the
    the Muslim
    MuslimCommunity.
    Community.l 1

    During the
    During the term
    term of the first and
    the first and second
    secondCa'lee'phah's (Leaderof the
    Ca'lee'phah's(Leader the whole
    whole
    Muslim
    Muslim nation)
    nation) there
    there were still many
    were still many companions.
    companions.By the the endend of thethe third
    third
    Ca'lee'phah's
    Ca'lee'phah'sreign, greatnumber
    reign,aa great numberof the the companions
    companions the Prophet
    of the (peaeBer.rptnHim)
    Prophet(Peace Be Uptm Him)

    had passedaway,
    had passed away, while
    while the number of new
    the number generationand
    new generation and new new converts
    convertshad had
    multiplied
    multiplied tremendously.
    tremendously.At this this time,
    time,the tribalist,racist
    the tribalist, racistand Jewishmovements
    and Jewish movements
    found
    found an an opportunity
    opportunityto to come
    cometo to the
    the surface. Amongthese
    surface.Among movementswas
    thesemovements that of
    was that
    Abdullah
    Abdullah Bin Bin Sabaa,
    Sabaa,as had been
    as had been mentioned above. He
    mentionedabove. He isis aa Yemen
    YemenJew who
    Jew who
    claimed
    claimedthatthatAli had
    had divine
    divtneauthority.
    authority.This
    This developed
    developedfurther into the
    furtherinto the claim that he,
    claimthat he,
    his son-Al-Hassan.his sonAl-Hussainandthe
    his son, AI-Hassan, his son AI-Hussain and the descendants
    descendants of the
    the latter
    latter should
    should be
    be
    the
    the future
    future leaders
    leadersof the whole Muslim
    the whole Muslim Ummah
    Ummah forever. This was,
    forever. This course.
    was. of course,
    contrary
    contrary to to the
    the current practicesince
    currentpractice sinceafter the Prophet
    afterthe (peaerlerJprnHiml
    Prophet(Peace Abu Bakr
    Be Up,m Him) Abu Bakr hadhad
    been
    been elected
    elected as the Caliph
    as the (Leader)of the
    Caliph (Leader) whole Muslim
    the whole Muslim Ummah (Nation),
    Ummah (Nation),
    followed
    followed by by Omar.
    Omar. There
    There was
    was as yet, until
    asyet, today,no
    until today, no claim
    claimthat
    thatAli should
    shouldbe be the
    the
    d
    first
    firstCa'lee'phah
    Ca'lee'phah'.2
    This
    This allegation
    allegationhowever, finally found
    however,finally placeof acceptance
    foundaa place acceptance in the
    in capitalof
    the capital
    the previouslyIranian
    the previously lranian Empire,
    Empire,AI-Madayen,
    Al-Madayen,moremoreeasily
    easilythan in the
    thanin the other regions
    otherregions
    the IslamicEmpireat that time, especially
    of the Islamic Empire at that time, especially since
    since Al-Hussain,
    AI-Hussain, second
    second son
    son of Ali,
    was
    wasthen
    thenmarried to the
    married to the daughter
    daughterof the
    the last Iranian Emperor?
    lastIranian Emperor.3

    This
    This is
    is why the Shee'ah
    why the Shee'ah concept the hereditary
    conceptof the hereditarysystem leadershipis
    systemof leadership is
    confined
    confinedto to the
    the descendants
    descendants of AI-Husain, beginning with
    Al-Husain, beginning fourth
    with fourth Shiite's Imam
    Shiite'sImam
    (leader).The
    (leader). The claim
    claim that
    that Ali should
    shouldbe
    be the first Caliph
    thefirst Caliphstarted mainlyas
    startedmainly political
    asaa political
    ploy to
    ploy to create
    creatediscord
    discordamong Muslimsby
    amongMuslims by agitating
    agitatingthe
    thetribal andracial
    tribal and racialdifferences
    differences
    and
    andhostilities.
    hostilities.

    ' Zaheer,
    I Zaheer,pp 17-24,
    l7-24, quoting
    quotingthree
    threeShee'ah
    Shee'ahsource.
    source
    2Ibn
    2Ibn Taymiyah,
    Taymiyah,Vol. pp. 116-72.
    Vol. 33 pp. I 16-72.
    t Ali Hassan pp. 230-231.
    3 Hassanpp.230-231.

    2
    The
    The end
    endresult
    resultof the
    the political
    politicalclaim,
    claim,however,
    however,was
    was a religious
    religious difference
    difference and
    and
    deviation
    deviationfrom
    from the
    the Islam
    Islammaintained
    maintainedby by the
    the great
    greatmajority
    majorityof Muslim
    Muslim scholars.
    scholars.
    l 2
    Shee'ahr derive
    Shee'ah derivetheir
    theirname
    namefrom
    from Shee'ee
    Shee'ee2 which
    which means Arabic supporter,
    meansin Arabic supporter,
    here
    here to to mean
    meanthe
    the supporters
    supportersof Ali, his
    his sons,
    sons,Hassan
    Hassanandand Hussain, and descendants
    Hussain,and descendants
    of Hussain.
    Hussain.Shee'ah
    Shee'ahareare divided
    divided into
    into groups:
    groups'. the Zaidis,
    theZaidis. who have deviated the
    whohavedeviatedthe
    least;
    least; the
    the Ja'fari
    Ja'fari Eth'nai
    Eth'naiAshri,
    Ashri, the
    the Ismailis,
    Ismailis,and
    andthethe Alawi Nusairi. Druzes
    AlawiNusairi. Druzes derive
    derive
    their roots from Ismailism and Fatimid
    their rootsfrom IsmailismandFatimidShee'ah.3Shee'ah?

    The
    The following
    following pages
    pagesare devotedto
    are devoted to the
    the discussion
    discussionof the
    the Ja'fari
    Ja'fari Eth'nai
    Eth'nai
    Ashri
    Ashri (Ja'fari
    (Ja'faritwelve
    twelveImams),
    Imams),which
    which represents
    represents the
    the Shee'ah majority.
    Shee'ahmajority.

    1
    'Plural.
    Plural.
    2
    Singular.
    2 Singular.

    3
    3 Ibn
    IbnTaymiuah, Minhaj, vol.
    Tayrniuah, Minhaj, lp.3; vol
    vol. Ip.3; vol2p.l24
    2 p.124 Tabatabai pp.75-82;
    Tabatabaipp. Abdulla pp.
    75-82; Abdulla pp. 73-143; Al-Falwazan pp.
    73-143;Al-Falwazan pp. 9-l 8.
    9-18.

    3
    HOLYQUR'AN
    oLY QIIR'AN
    Ja'fari Shee'ah
    The Ja'fari Shee'ah scholar says: 'that
    scholar says: the number
    'that the number of verses in the
    of verses the Holy
    Qur'an is 1700'.r
    Qur'an 1700'" Al-Kafi by Al-Kolayni,
    Al-Kolayni, which Shee'ah scholars
    believed by Shee'ah
    which is believed scholars as
    as
    the most
    the most trustworthy
    trustworthy andand celebrated
    celebrated work of HADEETH known in the
    ofHADEETH the Shee'ah
    Shee'ah
    world, says: 'Any
    says: 'Any human
    human being claims to have
    being who claims have collected the Qur'an in its
    collected the Qur'an
    world,
    complete form is a liar.
    complete liar. Only Ali
    Ali and
    and the
    the Imams
    Imams collected and preserved
    collected it all and preserved it'.2
    it'.2
    The Shee'ah
    The Shee'ah Scholars
    Scholars also
    also allow their followers read the
    followers to read existing Holy
    the existing
    Qur'an till
    Qur'an till they are
    are taught
    taught their version.
    version. This
    This permission
    permission is based
    based on a Shee'ah
    Shee'ah
    th
    tradition which says:
    tradition says: I said
    said to lmam
    Imam Ali Musa (the
    Ali Musa (the 8s Imam), we hear
    8 Imam), from you
    hear from
    Qur'anic
    Qur'anic verses
    verses which we have
    have not learned.
    leamed. Are we committing
    committing sins
    sins tiy
    by not reciting
    reciting
    them? The
    them? The lmam
    Imam said'No,
    said 'No, read the way you have
    read the have learned. Someone will
    learned. Someone come to
    will come
    th
    teach you' (referring
    teach the 12
    (referring to the Imam who will
    l2e Imam will reappear
    reappear and bring with him
    and bring him the
    the
    complete
    completeversion
    versionaccording
    accordingto the
    the Shee'ah beliefi
    Shee'ahbelief)3
    The
    The Muslim scholars
    scholars assure
    assure us
    us that Prophet Mohammed
    that Prophet Mohammed (peace (peae
    BeUpoo
    Be ttp@ Hin)
    Him)

    compiled
    compiled the
    the Holy Qur'an
    Qur'an in its
    its complete,
    complete,current
    cunent existing
    existingform orally and
    form orally dtring
    and during
    the C'laph'ah
    the C'laph'ah (leadership)
    (leadership) of Abu Bakr,
    Bakr, a
    a compilation
    compilation which
    which was
    was written
    written down
    down in
    4
    aa single
    singlevolume.
    volume.a
    During
    During the
    the C'laph'ah
    C'laph'ah of Othman,
    Othman, the
    the language
    language of the the Holy Qur'an was
    Qur'an was
    5
    standardized
    standardizedand
    and universalized.
    universalized.sThe
    The approved
    approvedvariations reciting aa few words
    variationsin reciting words of
    6
    the
    the Holy
    Holy Qur'an
    Qur'an do
    do not
    not touch
    touchits
    its basic
    basicmeaning.
    meaning.6
    ALLAH
    ALLAH says the Holy Qur'an:"Verily
    saysin the Qur'an'."Verily We:
    lile: It We Who
    It is We have sent
    Who have down
    sent down
    the
    the Dhikr
    Dhikr (Qur'an) and surely, (from corruption)"7;"It
    We will guard it (from
    surely,lVe isfor
    corruption)"1;"It isfor
    Us
    IIs to
    to collect and to give you (0
    (O Mohammad (p.o".
    Mohamtnud (peace Be upon
    s,Upon Him)the ability to recite it"
    Him)) it"
    8;
    8; "Falsehood sent down by
    "Fahehood cannot come come toto itfrom
    itfrom before
    before it or behind it (it is)
    is) sent down by
    the
    the All-Wise
    Alt-Wise Worthy
    Worthy ofall
    of all praise
    praise (ALLAH)".9
    (ALL/lH)".e

    1t Al-Usool
    Al-UsoolMinal-Kafi,
    Minat-Kafi, vol.
    vol . 2p.
    2p.634, 1961; see
    634,1961; seealsoZaheer, pp
    alsoZaheer,pp. 77-152.
    77-152.
    22Al-Usool
    Al-Usml Min
    Min al-kafi
    al-kafi vol.
    vol . 1, p. 228, 1968.
    I,p.228, 1968.
    3t Al-Kafi Min al-Usool, vol.
    Al-Kafi Min al-Usool,vol . 2,
    2, p.
    p. 633,
    633, 1961;
    I 96I ; also
    alsosee
    seeAl-Khateeb p. 11.
    Al-Khateebp. I l.
    4oAl-Bukhari,
    Al-Bukhari,vol.
    vol. 6, pp. 477-8.
    6,pp. 477-8.
    5tAl-Bukhari,
    Al-Bukhari,vol.
    vol. 6,
    6, pp.
    pp.478-80.
    478-80.
    u
    6 Qattan, pp.
    Qattan,pp. 170-85.
    17G85.
    77Holy Qur'an: Chapter
    HolyQur'an: Chapter15
    15verse
    verse9.
    9.
    8t Holy qur'an:
    HolyQur'an: Chapter
    Chapter75
    75verse
    verse17.
    17.
    9eHoly
    Holy Qur'an:
    Qu'an: Chapter
    Chapter41
    4l verse
    verse42.
    42.

    4
    ALLAH had
    ALLAH promisedto
    had promised preserveit as
    to preserve guidancefor Muslims
    asaa guidance Muslims everywhere
    everywhere
    and forever. This
    and forever. This is
    is in contrast
    contrastto
    to the previousdivine
    the previous divine books
    books wherein
    wtrereinalthough
    althoughtheir
    their
    original forms
    original forms are preserved with ALLAH,
    are preserved ALLAH, the the ones
    onesin the the hands
    handsof the the followers
    followers
    thesemessages
    of these messagesare aredistorted.
    distorted.
    The Muslim
    The Muslim scholars
    scholarswho
    udro consider
    consider thethe belief
    belief that
    that the
    the Holy Qur'an
    Qur'an is is
    1
    adulteratedis
    adulterated plain rejection
    is aa plain rejectionof the
    the Islamic
    Islamicfaith.
    faith.r
    Brothersand
    Brothers andsisters, you can
    sisters,you canfind
    find out
    out for yourselfthat
    for yourself that the
    the number
    numberof versesverses
    the Holy Qur'an
    in the Qur'an is is 6236
    6236excluding
    excludingthe the "Bismillah" at at the beginningof the
    the beginning the Suras
    Suras
    (Chapter),but
    (Chapter), but the
    the Shee'ah
    Shee'ah Scholars
    Scholarsclaim
    claim that
    that this
    this Holy Qur'an
    Qur'an is
    is not
    not complete.
    complete.
    Should we
    Should we believe
    believe thethe Ja'fari
    Ja'fari Shee'ah
    Shee'ah source
    source oror the
    the Almighty ALLAH
    ALLAH and andthe
    the
    Muslim Scholars?Perhaps
    Muslim Scholars? Perhapssome
    some Shee'ah
    Shee'ah deny
    denytheir
    their belief that
    that the
    the existing
    eisting Holy
    Qur'an
    Qur'an is is not
    not complete.
    complete. But thisthis denial
    denial could
    could be be shielding (Tuq'yah or to
    shielding(Tuq'yah to lie
    lie to
    to
    protectthe
    protect the Shee'ah
    Shee'ahbelief).
    belief).

    |I Zaheer,
    7ahet,p.p. 141-7.
    l4l-7.

    5
    SU'N' AD oR
    Sar'*'o" OR HADEETH
    HADEETH
    The Ja'fari
    The Ja'fari Shee'ah
    Shee'ah scholars
    scholars consider SU'N'AH as
    consider SU'N'AH as what the prophet
    what the prophet (peaeBe
    (peace Be
    1
    rrm and the
    Him) and
    Upon Hin) the Imams
    Imams said.l
    said. AL-Kafi
    AL-Kafi byby Kolayni, Tabatabai's words
    in Tabatabai's
    Kolayni, in is "the
    words is "the
    most trustworthy
    most trustworthy andand celebrated
    celebrated work
    work of HADEETH in
    ofHADEETH in the
    the Shee'ah world".2 In
    Shee'ah world".2 In
    this source,
    this source, the
    the names
    names ofof the
    the transmitters
    transmitters ofof the HADEETH are
    the HADEETH are not
    not frequently
    frequently
    mentioned. Instead
    mentioned. of the "prophet
    Instead of "prophet said", finc\" the Imam
    said", you fin{" said". Many
    Imam said". Many of of these
    these
    HADEETHs contradict
    I{ADEETHs contradict the Holy Qur'an.
    Qur'an. The prominent
    prominent criterion
    criterion in validating
    validating
    actually whether
    HADEETH is actually whether itit supports, least, does
    supports, or at least, negate the Shee'ah
    does not negate Shee'ah
    school of
    school of thought.
    thought. The most
    most trustworthy
    trustworthy of of the prophet's peaer.t6-rr-r
    the prophot'S traditions are
    (Peace Be Upon Him) traditions are
    the ones
    the ones received
    received through
    through the household of
    the household of the prophet, i.e. the Shee'ah
    the prophet, i.e. the Shee'ah Imams, lmams,
    even though
    even though an an Imam
    Imam could
    could pass away while his
    pass away his child is only nine, eight or five
    nine, eight
    years old.3
    years old? For
    For example,
    example, a F{ADEETH reported by Ali
    HADEETH reported Ali and compiled by Sahih
    and compiled Sahih Al"
    AI..
    Bukhari is rejected
    Bukhari rejected ifif it contradicts
    contradicts the
    the Shee'ah
    Shee'ah concept Temporary Marriage
    concept of Temporary Marriage
    (Nikah Mut'ah), but ifif the
    (Nikah the HADEETH were supportive of
    were supportive the Shee'ah
    ofthe school of
    Shee'ah school
    thought, it would
    thought, would be
    be accepted
    acceptedno no matter
    matter who
    who said,
    said,transmitted, it. 4
    compiled it.a
    transmitted, or compiled

    The
    The Muslim
    Muslim scholars
    scholars define
    defineSU'N'AH or HADEETH as
    or HADEETH as the sayingsof the
    the sayings the
    Prophet (peae
    Prophet (Pea"" nim),his
    rtotn
    BeUpon
    Be Him), his deeds,
    deeds,tacit
    tacit approvals the description
    approvalsor the descriptionof his physical
    his physical
    appearance. s first
    The first
    authentication.The
    appearance.sBasically,
    Basically,there
    thereare
    aretwo
    two ways
    ways ofHADEETH
    of HADEETH authentication.
    is
    is the
    the "Isnad",
    "Isnad". which
    which means
    means the the reliability
    reliability of the the transmitters. Therefore
    transmitters.Therefore
    HADEETH
    F{ADEETH with brokenbrokenlinkages
    linkages between
    betweentransmitters
    transmittersare rejectedbecause
    arerejected therel
    becausetherel
    is
    is no
    no way
    way to
    to find
    find out
    out how
    how reliable
    reliablethe
    thetransmitters
    transmitters are.Second,
    are. thereis
    Second,there "Matn'',
    is "Matn",
    which
    which means content of the
    means content the HADEETH;
    HADEETH; that that is, whetheror
    is, whether not it contradicts
    or not contradicts thethe
    teachings
    teachingsof the
    the Holy
    Holy Qur'an,
    Qur'an, there
    thereis
    is another
    anotherversion
    versionof the the same
    sameHADEETH with wtth
    6
    aa different
    differentchain
    chainof transmitters,
    transmitters,or
    or whether
    whetherthere
    thereis is aa stronger Isnad,etc.
    strongerIsnad, Basedon
    etc.6Based on
    these
    these methodologies
    methodologiesandandthe strictnessof
    the strictness of the
    thecompiler
    compilerinin choosing
    choosinghishis HADEETH,
    HADEETH,
    the
    the Muslim
    Muslim scholars
    scholarsaffinned
    affirmedthat
    thatthe compilationsof
    thecompilations Al-Bukhari and
    of AI-Bukhari the Muslims
    andthe Muslims
    are
    are the
    the most
    most trustworthy source of
    trustworthy source of the
    the SU'N'AH
    SU'N'AH of of the Prophet(pea""
    the Prophet @eaeBetrptnuim;.7
    Be Upon Him/

    While
    While thethe Holy
    Holy Qur'an
    Qur'an was
    was compiled
    compiled in in written
    writtenform right after
    form right thedeath
    afterthe deathof the
    of the

    ItTabatabai
    Tabatabai ,,p.p.93
    93and
    andConstitution
    Constitutionarticle
    article2.2.
    22Tabatabai,p.
    Tabatabai, p. 110.
    lto.
    33Among
    Amongother
    othersources,
    sources,Tabatabai, pp.
    94,207-8, and
    Tabatabai,pp.94,2O7'8, and210-1.
    210-l
    4oTabatabai,
    Tabatabai,p.p.94.
    94.
    ,t Azami,
    Azami,p.3.
    p.3.
    66Azami,
    Azami,pp. 32-72.
    pp.32-72.
    7 tIbn
    lbnTaymiyah,
    Taymiyah,Fatawi,
    Fatawi,Vol. 18,p.p.17,
    Vol.18, 17,Azami p.p.87-96.
    Azailrlli 87-96.

    6
    prophet @"*
    prophet Be npd
    (peace Be Upoo Him), serious compilation
    Him), the serious of the HADEETH took place
    compilation of place after
    after
    l
    almost 100 years.l
    almost 100 years. There There were
    were many
    many reasons
    reasons for this delay, the major one
    delay, the one being
    being
    that a great proportion
    that agreat proportion of
    of F{ADEETH
    HADEETH dealt
    dealt with detailed
    detailed teachings should be
    teachings which should
    practiced by a true
    practiced companions were
    The companions
    true Muslim in his daily life. The actually living
    were actually
    compilations of
    compilations ofHADEETH because they
    HADEETH because were representing
    they were the prophetic
    representing the prophetic manners
    manners
    themselves. Therefore,
    themselves. Therefore, there
    there seemed urgent need
    seemed to be no urgent serious efforts
    need for serious efforts
    towards a written compilation.
    towards compilation. Furthermore, some great
    Furthermore, some Companions were
    great Companions were of
    of the
    the
    opinion
    opinion that
    that the
    the teaching
    teaching of
    of Islam
    Islam should
    should be
    be focused
    focused first in the
    the Holy Qur'an so
    Qur'an so
    that it would be well-established.
    that well-established. This
    This was avoid what had
    was to avoid had happened previous
    happened to previous
    Books in which divine
    Holy Books divine words
    words were mixed up with prophetic
    were mixed prophetic sayings.
    sayings.
    So brothers
    So brothers and
    and sisters, definition of FIADEETH
    sisters, which definition HADEETH is more more accurate,
    accurate,
    given the
    given the fact
    fact that
    that Prophet
    Prophet Mohammed (Peace Be Upoo Him) is
    Mohammed reaeBeUpmrlim) the seal
    is the seal of the Prophets? As
    the Prophets?
    God says
    God says in the Qur'an: "Muhammad
    the Holy Qur'an'. "Muhammad.lreoceBeuponni4 thefather of
    (Peace Be Upon Him) is not thefother ofany
    any
    among you, hut
    man among but he is the Messenger
    Messenger of ofALLAH
    ALLAH and the last (end) (end) of
    ofthe
    the
    prophets... ,,2. Only the
    prophets..."2. the Prophets
    Prophets and
    and the
    the messengers
    messengers of ALLAH ALLAH can can receive
    receive
    revelation
    revelationwhich
    which is binding unto
    is binding unto whom
    whom the
    the messenger
    messenger is sent.
    is sent.When
    When the Shee'ah
    the Shee'ah
    scholars
    scholars equate
    equate the sayings of the
    the sayings the Imams
    Imamsto the
    the sayings the Prophet,
    sayingsof the Prophet,they are
    they are
    claiming
    claiming that
    that the
    the Imam
    Imam also
    also received
    receivedrevelation. If these
    revelation.If scholarsclaim
    thesescholars that the
    claimthat the
    Imams
    Imams were
    were only inspired,
    inspired,then
    then the
    the inspiration
    inspirationis a different
    differentstory. not binding
    story. It is not binding
    to
    to be
    be followed
    followedor toto be
    be enforced
    enforcedonon others
    othersnor
    nor should
    shouldit be
    be shared
    sharedbyby other human
    otherhuman
    beings.
    beings.

    1t Azami p.25.
    |'zarnip.2s.
    2'Holy
    Holy qur'an: Chapter
    Qur'an: Chapter33
    33verse
    verse40.
    40.

    7
    IJMA'
    I"*o (coNsENSUS
    (CONSENSUS oR SEMI-CONSENSUS)
    OR 'EMr-.'NSENSUS)
    Shee'ah scholarshave
    Shee'ah scholars have aa double
    doublestandard positionconcerning
    standardposition concemingIjma'.
    [jma'. On
    On the
    the
    one hand, the
    one hand, Shee'ahscholars
    the Shee'ah scholarsemploy
    employconsensus
    consensus to
    to support
    supporttheir
    their arguments,
    arguments,e.g.
    e.g.
    '... Both 'which were
    Tabatabaiwrites
    Tabatabai writes '... Both Sunniand
    Sunni andShee'ee
    Shee'eeclearly
    clearlyasserted.. .' and
    asserted...'and'which were
    acclaimedby all...'1
    acclaimed by all... And on
    ,1 And on the
    the other, Ijma' is
    other,Ijma' is rejected
    rejectedbyby Shee'ah
    Shee'ahscholars
    scholarswho:
    who:

    l.Claim
    1. Claim that thousandsof the
    that thousands Prophet's(peace
    the Prophet's Be Upon Him) companions
    6r".*Berfuorrim) had plotted
    companionshadplotted
    against the
    against Prophet's commands
    the Prophet's commandsand and only
    only less
    less than
    than ten
    ten of them
    them remained
    remained
    truthful, therebytaking
    truthful, thereby taking knowledge
    knowledgefrom from these
    theseagainst
    againstthe the majority.
    majority.
    2.Consider
    2. Consider the millions of Muslim
    the millions Muslim scholars throughoutthe
    scholarsthroughout the Islamic
    Islamichistory
    history and
    andthe
    the
    globe as
    globe non-believersbecause
    as non-believers becausethey
    they don't
    don't believe
    believein in the
    the I'ma'mah
    I'ma'mahas asan
    an article
    article
    of faith, one
    offaith, which is
    onewhich is based
    basedon on claims rejectedby
    claimsrejected by the
    the majority.
    majority.
    3.Question
    3. Question thethe authenticity
    authenticityof the
    the Holy Qur'an andthe
    Qur'an and the HADEETHs
    HADEETHs authenticated
    authenticated
    by the majority including
    the majority includingthethe interpretations
    interpretationswhich gainedthe
    which gained the acknowledgment
    acknowledgment
    the same.
    of the same.
    Muslim scholars
    Muslim scholars consider
    consider Ijma'
    Ijma' as as the
    the third
    third major source of Islamic
    major source Islamic
    teachings.When
    teachings. nothingis
    Whennothing is directly mentionedin
    directlymentioned in the Holy Qur'an
    the Holy or the
    Qur'an or the SU'N'AH
    2
    about the
    about the case,
    case,then
    thenthe
    the Ijma'
    Ijma' is
    is considered
    considered asaa valid
    as valid source.
    source.2 The most
    The mostauthentic
    authentic
    text is the
    text is the one
    onereported
    reportedby aa large group of transmitters
    largegroup transmittersto
    to another
    anotherlarge group.This
    largegroup. This
    is called
    is "Tawatur".3The
    called "Tawatur".3 The most
    mostvalid
    valid interpretation
    interpretation of the
    the SU'N'AH/HADEETHS
    SU'N'AH/FIADEETHS
    is that
    is that which gains the
    which gains the approval
    approvalofIjma'.4
    of Ijma'.4For
    For ALLAH says
    saysin
    in the
    the Holy
    Holy Qur'an:
    Qur'an:
    of you together,
    "And holdfast, all ofyou together,to the
    the Rope
    Rope ofALLAH
    of ALLAH (i.e.
    (i.e. this Qur'an),
    Qur'an), and
    be
    be not divided
    divided among yourselves"s. Condemning
    amongyourselves"5. Condemningdeviation,
    deviation,ALLAH,
    ALLAH, addressing
    addressing
    the Prophet (peace
    the Prophet ip".*Be rtooHim)
    BeUpon rrim)and referringto
    and referring to those
    thosewho who deviated
    deviatedfrom
    from the
    the right path,
    right path,
    says'."Verily, those
    says: those who divide their religion and break up into sects sects (all kinds of
    of
    sects), you (0
    religious sects),
    religious (O Muhammad (peace TpeaceBenponni^)
    Be Upon Him)) have
    have no concern
    concern in them
    them in
    the least
    leasl Their affair
    affair is only with ALLAH, ALLAH, Who lVho thenthen will
    will tell them
    them what they
    they
    used to do"
    used to do'6. The Proph€t 6reaenerp-n^1 '...stick
    6. The Prophet (peace Be Upon Him) said:
    said: ' ...stick to the Jama'ah(Majority)
    to the Jama'ah (Majority)
    and avoid
    and division. Satan
    avoid division. Satan is
    is with
    with the
    the one personalone
    oneperson but is
    alonebut is more
    morelikely
    likely to
    to avoid
    avoid
    the
    the two together,
    together, whosoever
    whosoever wants abundance Paradiseshould stick
    wants abundance in Paradise should stick to the
    the

    t Tabatabai, p. +0.
    1 Tabatabai, 40.
    'Ftawi,IbnTaymiahvol.
    2 Fatawi, Ibn Taymiah vol. 1919pp.
    pp. 5-8,
    5-8, and lg2-2\2
    and 192-202.
    'Al-Jazari, l, pp.
    vol. 1,
    3 Al-Jazari, vol. 120-6.
    pp. 120-6.
    o Fatawa, Ibn Taymiyah,
    4 Fatawa, vol. 19,
    Taymiyah, vol. 19,pp.267-72.
    pp. 267-72.
    5 Holy qur'an:
    'Holy Chapter 3 verse
    Qur'an: Chapter 103.
    verse 103.
    u qur'an Chapter 6 verse
    6 Holy Qur'an:: Chapter verse 159.
    159.

    8
    Jama'ah.. .'.1 Jama'ah
    Jama'ah...'.1 Jama'ah and
    and consensus
    consensus here
    here is referring of Muslim
    referring to the majority of
    scholars rarho
    scholars who are
    are knowledgeable
    knowledgeable about
    about the commandments of
    the commandments ALLAH. In another
    of ALLAH. another
    HADEETH, the the Prophet
    Prophet @ecBcrlorrim) said: 'My
    (peace Be Upon Him) said: Ummah will
    'My Ummah will not have
    have consensus
    consensus
    . on what
    what is wrong'.2
    wrong'.2 The Prophet p*Be
    The Prophet (peace Be r&enin)also said: '...MyUmmahwillbe
    UponHim) also said: ' ...My Ummah will be
    divided into seventy
    divided three groups.
    seventy three groups. Only one
    one of them shall
    of them shall be saved
    saved and the rest
    and the rest
    shall
    shall be in hellfire'. When he
    he was
    was asked
    asked which group
    group is to be saved,
    saved, he
    he responded:
    responded:
    'The
    'The followers
    followers of of my path Companions'. [n
    and my Companions'.
    path and In another
    another version
    version of
    of the
    the same
    same
    HADEETH he responded: 'They
    'They are the Jama'ah,.3
    arethe Jama'ah'.3
    HADEETH he responded:

    Brothers and
    Brothers sisters, don't you think that
    and sisters, consistency is one
    that consistency one of
    of the
    the crucial
    crucial
    elements of any
    elements any valid measurement
    measurement and and a tool of an an objective argument? Don't you
    objective argument? you
    suspicious ifif a person
    think it is suspicious employs an
    person employs argument when
    an argument supports his
    when it supports his biases
    biases
    and rejects
    and rejects the
    the same once it refutes
    same once refutes them? about it. Let us
    them? Think about us assume that you
    assume that you
    as Muslims
    as want to know which path
    Muslims want path leads paradise. A group
    leads to paradise. people you
    group of people
    don't know anything about claimed
    anything about claimed that they know which
    that they which path
    path leads
    leads to it.
    However,
    However, one one among
    among this
    this group gave you
    group gave you aa direction which contradicts
    direction which contradictsthethe
    directions
    directions of the
    the rest
    rest of the group, numbering
    the group, numbering no lessthan
    no less elevenpeople.
    than eleven Both
    people. Both
    descriptions
    descriptionsseemed
    seemedto be be equally reasonable, which
    equally reasonable, shouldyou
    directionshould
    which direction you now
    now
    follow?
    follow? What
    What if if you came
    cameto know that if you
    that if do not
    you do this person's
    not know this direction
    person's direction
    or if
    if you
    you disagree
    disagreewith him him he you, but
    hateyou,
    he will hate but the
    the others won't? For
    otherswon't? ALLAH
    For ALLAH
    says
    says in the Qur'an: " there
    the Holy Qur'an:" there is no compulsion
    compulsionin religion.
    religion. Verily,
    Verily, the
    the Right
    Path
    Path has become
    become distinct from from the wrong path. Whoever l(hoever disbelieves Taghut
    dkbelieves in Taghut
    (anything worshipped other than the the Real God 'ALLAH")
    God "ALLAH'~ and believes believes in
    ALLAH,
    ALLAH, then then he has grasped
    grasped the most most trustworthy handhold that will will never
    break
    breahand ALLAH
    ALL,AH is h all-Hearer,
    all-Hearer, all Knower"
    Knower"4. 4.

    Brothers
    Brothers and
    and Sisters,
    Sisters,just think
    think about as aa basic
    about it as basic rule. Thereare
    rule. There arethree
    three
    categories
    categoriesof issues
    issuesupon
    upon which
    which scholars
    scholarsdiffer
    differ and they are
    andthey areasasfollows:
    follows:
    1.
    1.The
    The Majority had had confirmed
    confrrmedit as
    asthe right one
    the right onebut hadnot
    but had not definitely rejectedit
    definitelyrejected
    as
    aswrong.
    wrong.
    2. The majority
    2.The majority had
    had not
    not approved
    approvedof it as as the right one
    the right buthadnotdefinitely
    one but had not definitely
    rejected
    rejectedit asaswrong
    wrong either.
    either.
    3.The
    3. The Majority
    Majority had
    had rejected
    rejectedit as
    asdefinitely wrong.
    definitelywrong.
    The crucial differences
    The crucial differences between
    between the
    the Muslim and
    Muslim the Shee'ah
    andthe Shee'ahscholars are
    scholarsare
    contained
    containedin in the
    the last
    lastcategory.
    category.

    I
    t Al-Jazari,
    Al-Jazari,vol. 6,p.
    vol. 6, p. 669.
    669.
    22Baleeq
    Bale€qp.
    p. 544.
    5,14.
    3
    ' Ibn
    Ibn Taymiyah.
    Taymiyalr.Minhaj, vol. 2.
    Minhaj, vol. p. 122-5.
    2. pp. 122-5
    o
    4 Holy qu'an: Chapter
    HolyQur'an: ChaPer22verse256.
    verse 256.

    99
    Brothers and
    Brothers and sisters,
    sisters, remember
    remember that there isis aa great
    that there deal of
    great deal of difference
    difference
    between the 'majority
    the 'majority of of Muslims'
    Muslims' wtrich
    which isis not evidence and
    sufficient evidence
    not aa sufficient andthe
    the
    between
    'majority ofMuslims
    'majority of Muslims scholars'
    scholars' wtrich
    which isis uitrat
    what isis meant
    meanthere by Ijma'
    here by Ijma'
    Dears let
    Our Dears
    Our let us
    us remembqr
    remember that
    thatALLAH
    ALLAH had
    had wamed against deviating
    us against
    warned us deviating
    from His straight
    from His straight path.
    path. He
    He says
    says in
    in the
    the Holy
    Holy Qur'an: "And
    Qur'an: "And verily,
    verily, this
    this is
    is my
    my
    Straight Path,
    Staight Path, so
    so follow and follow
    follow it, and follow not (other) paths,for they will seporute
    not (other) paths,for they will separate
    you away
    you awayfrom
    from Hispath.
    path. This He ordainedforyou
    He has ordainedfor that you may
    you thatyou becomeAl'
    may become Al-
    Muttaqun (the
    Muttaqun (thepious
    pious)".
    )".11

    1 IHoly
    HotyQur'an:
    qr'an: Chapter
    ChaFer66verse
    verse153.
    153.

    10
    10
    ~TICLES
    TICLES OF
    OF FAITH
    EAITH AND
    AND PILLARS OF
    OF'ISLAM
    ISLAM
    The Ja'fari
    The Ja'fari Shee'ah
    Shee'ah scholars
    scholars say
    say that
    that believing
    believing in aa hereditary
    hereditarysystem
    systemof
    leadershipof the
    leadership the whole
    whole Muslim
    Muslim Ummah
    Ummah (I'ma'mah)
    (I'ma'mah) is as fundamental as
    is as fundamentalas
    believingin
    believing in one God.ll To
    one God. To them,
    them, I'ma'mah
    I'ma'mah is
    is an
    an article
    article offaith and a pillar of
    offaithandapillarof
    2
    Islam.2
    Islam. tn addition,
    . In additioq among
    amongthe
    the articles
    articlesreferred
    referredto
    to in the
    the constitution
    constitutionand
    andthe
    the other
    other
    Shee'ah sources,
    Shee'ah sources, there
    there is
    is no
    no mention
    mention of believing
    believing in the
    the angels
    angels or
    or divine
    divine
    destiny(Al-Qader).
    destiny(Al-Qader).
    Muslim scholars
    Muslim scholars affirm
    affirm that
    that there
    thereisis no
    no such
    suchthing
    thing asasI'ma'mah,
    I'ma'mah, anan alleged
    alleged
    hereditary system of leadership
    hereditary system leadership of thethe whole
    whole Muslim
    Muslim Ummah
    Ummahin Islam.
    Islam.There
    Thereareare
    evidencesin the
    evidences the Holy Qur'an
    Qur'an and
    and the
    the reliable
    reliable SU'N'AH
    SU'N'AH that
    that even
    even refute.and
    refute.and reject
    reject
    this concept.
    this concept. Inln the
    the Holy Qur'an, ALLAH says:
    Qur'an, ALLAH says: "... and who
    "...and who (conduct)
    (conduct)their
    (Muslim) affairs
    (Muslim) alfairs by
    by mutual
    mutuat consultation...
    consultation..'tr '''' and
    and the
    the Prophet<Peace Be qxm Him) was
    Prophet{peeBetloHin)was
    commanded:
    commanded: "... and consult
    "..,and consultthem
    themin the
    the affairs...
    affiirs...".a
    ".4

    The Muslim
    The Muslim scholars
    scholarsbelieve
    believethat
    that Islam
    Islam is
    is built on
    on five pillars: Testifying
    five pillars: Testifuingthat
    that
    there is no God ALLAH and
    there is no God but ALLAH and Mohammad
    Mohammad is is His
    His messenger, performing
    messenger,performing
    prayers, paying
    prayers, paylng charity,
    charity, fasting
    fasting in the month of Ramadan
    the month Ramadanand and making
    making thethe
    5
    pilgrimage to the
    pilgrimage the house
    house of ALLAH.
    ALLAH.s Furthermore,
    Furthermore, they
    they believe
    believe that
    that the
    the
    fundamentalarticles
    fundamental articles of Iman
    Iman are:
    are:To
    To believe
    believein ALLAH,
    ALLAH, HisHis Angles,
    Angles, His
    His Books,
    Books,
    His Messengers,
    His Messengers,the the last
    last Day andto
    Day and to believe
    believein divine
    divine destiny,
    destiny,both
    both the good and
    the good and
    6
    the evil thereof.
    the thereof.6 If
    If you readthe
    read the whole
    whole Holy Qur'an
    Qur'an you will not
    not find any
    any support
    support
    'I'ma'mah
    the 'I'ma'mah concept',
    for the concept', the
    the alleged
    alleged hereditary
    hereditary system
    system of leadership
    leadershipof the
    the
    qihole Muslim Ummah.
    whole Muslim Ummah.
    Brothers and
    Brothers and sisters,
    sisters,should
    shouldwe
    we believe
    believethe
    the majority
    majority of Muslim scholars
    scholarswho
    who
    are supported
    are supportedclearly
    clearly by thethe Holy Qur'an
    Qur'an verses
    versesand
    and reliable
    reliableHADEETHs,
    FIADEETHs,or the the
    Shee'ahscholars
    few Shee'ah scholarswhose
    whoseopinions
    opinionsare
    arenot sanctioned
    sanctionedby the the Holy Qur'an
    Qur'an or the
    the
    reliable HADEETHs?
    reliable I{ADEETHs? Make Make suresurethat
    that our
    our sole intentionis
    soleintention pleaseALLAH
    is to please ALLAH only
    only
    and to find truth
    and truth for our
    our salvation
    salvation in this
    this world
    world and
    and in the the hereafter.
    hereafter. Let us,
    us,
    remember
    remember that
    that ALLAH
    ALLAH says saysin the
    the Holy Qur'an: "0
    Qur'an: "0 you who believe!
    believe! Believe
    Believe in
    ALLAH, and His
    ALIllH, flis Messenger (Muhammad(p~ ..u Be
    Messenger (Muhammad(p*", B~ Upon
    upon Him)t
    Him)), and the Book
    Booh (the

    I Constitution
    1 Constitution Article Asifi.. W.23-5
    Article 2 and Asifi. pp.23-5
    2Al-Kafvol. 1p.290.
    2 Al-Kafi vol. 1 p. 290.
    t3 Holy qur'an:
    Qur'an: Chapter
    Chapter 42 verse
    verse 38.
    38.
    o
    4 Holy qr'an: Chapter 3 verse
    Qur'an: Chapter 159.
    verse 159.
    r, Bukhari - p. 35.
    and Muslim Hadeeths, p.
    Muslim - Forty Hadeeths, 35.
    t6 Muslim -Forty Hadeeths, p. 30.
    -Forty Hadeeths, 30.

    l11l
    Qur'an) which
    Qur'an) which He has sent down to His Messenger,
    Messenger, and the Scripture which He
    Scripture which
    down to those before (him), and
    sent dmtn and whosover disbelieves
    disbelieves in
    in ALL'AH,
    ALLAH, His
    Angels, His Books, His
    Angek, His Messengers,
    Messengers, and Last Day, then indeed he has
    and the Last
    strayedfar a74tay"1.
    strayedfar away"l.

    1t Holy
    HolyQur'an:
    Qur'an:chapter
    chapter44verse
    verse136.
    136

    t2
    12
    CONCEPT oF
    SHEE' AH .'NCEPT
    S"""'AH OF I'M.{MAH
    I'MA'MAH
    The Shee'ah
    The Shee'ah scholars
    scholars believe
    believe that
    that the concept is
    Immate concept
    the Immate is an article of
    an article faith
    offaith
    equal to
    equal to believing
    believing in
    in one
    one God.
    God. I'ma'mah concept means
    I'ma'mah concept that the
    means that spiritual, religious,
    the spiritual, religious,
    educational
    educational and
    and political
    political leadership
    leadership of
    of the
    the whole
    whole Muslim
    Muslim Ummah
    Ummah is
    is a matter
    matter ofof
    inheritance confined
    inheritance twelve Imams.
    confined to only twelve These are
    Imams. These the husband
    are the husband of the youngest
    of the youngest
    daughter of
    daughter of the
    the Prophet
    Prophet (peae
    (Peace Be Upon Him),
    Be uptn Fatima, her
    Him), Fatima, her twO
    two sons
    sons andand sOme
    some of of the
    the
    descendants
    descendants of her second sons,
    of her secondsons. Husain,
    Husain, who was
    was married
    married to the
    the Persian
    Persian emperor's
    emperor's
    1
    daughter.
    daughter.r
    This religious
    This religious and
    and political leadership could
    political leadership could be inherited by a nine,
    be inherited eight or
    nine, eight
    five year-old
    five year-old boy.2
    boy? For
    For example,
    example, the the Republic
    constitution of the
    the constitution Ir~n states
    Republic of Iran states that:
    that:
    ... the
    ... the official
    official religion Iran is
    religion of Iran is the Ja'fari Eth'nai
    the Ja'fari Ashri and
    Eth 'nai Ashri and this article is
    this article is
    unchangeable
    unchangeable forever,3
    forever'.3
    4
    First of all,
    First all, this
    this belief
    belief is
    is bound
    bound with the belief
    with the these Imams
    that these
    belief that Imams are infalliblea
    are infallible
    and share
    and share with ALLAH the
    ALLAH the power
    power of knowing
    knowing the including the
    unseen including
    the unseen the
    5
    knowledge
    knowledge as as to
    to when
    when the
    the Imams
    Imamswould
    would die. They believe
    die.5They that obedience
    believe that to these
    obedienceto these
    Imams 'even
    unquestionable -- 'even the
    the worship God becomes
    worshipof God unnecessary
    Imams should be unquestionable
    shouldbe becomes unnecessary
    ' We cannot imagine
    cannotimagine
    if this
    this is
    is the
    the Imam's
    Imam's order,6
    order'.6In
    In Khomeini's words,it says'
    Khomeini'swords, says. We
    that
    that the
    the Imams
    Imams cancan make
    make mistake,7
    mistake'.7Also
    Also the I'ma'mahis
    the I'ma'mah ts interwoven
    interwoven with the
    with the
    belief 'the spiritual status Imam isis universal viceregency It is
    universalviceregency. is aa
    belief that
    that 'the spiritual statusof thethe Imam
    viceregency
    viceregency pertaining
    pertaining to the
    to the whole
    whole creation,
    creation, by
    by virtue
    virtue of which
    which all
    all atoms
    atoms in
    in the
    the
    universe
    universehumble
    humble themselves
    themselvesbefore
    before the
    the holder authority.It is
    this authority.
    holder of this is one
    oneof the
    the
    essential
    essential beliefs
    beliefs of our
    our Shee'ah
    Shee'ah school
    school that
    that no
    no one
    one can
    can attain
    attain the
    the spiritual
    spiritual status
    status of
    8
    the
    the Imams,
    Imams,not
    not even
    eventhe
    theangels
    angelsof the
    thehighest rankor
    highestrank messengers
    or messengers ALLAH'.8 On
    of ALLAH'. On
    the
    the other
    other hand,
    hand, the
    the concept
    conceptis
    is inherent
    inherentin the Shee'
    in the Shee'ah
    ah belief that all
    belief that Muslim
    all Muslim
    Ca'lee'phahs (leadersof the
    Ca'lee'phahs(leaders thewhole Muslimnation),
    wholeMuslim nation),rulers judgesare
    andjudges
    rulersand aretaghoots
    taghoots

    1'Tabatabai,pp. 190-21I &&


    Tabatabai,pp. 190-211 Hassan,
    Hassan, pp.230-1.
    pp. 230-1.
    '2 Tabatabai,
    Tabatabai, pp.
    pp.205,
    205,7,
    7, 10.
    10.
    33Constitution
    ConstitutionArticle
    Article 12.
    12.
    4oe.g..
    e.g..Asifi,
    Asifi,pp. 23-25, Constitution,
    pp.23-25, Constitution, Article2.2.
    Article
    5'Al-Kafi, vol. 1,1,pp.
    Al-Kafi, vol. pp.206-62.
    206-62
    6uIslamic
    Islamicgreat Libraryp.p.6.6.
    great Library
    7?Khomeini,
    Khomeini,Arabic
    Arabicp.p.91.
    91.
    88Khomeini,
    Khomeini,p.p.64.
    64.

    t3
    13
    (evil ones)
    (evil ones) if
    if they
    they are
    are not
    not Shee'ah
    Shee'ahor
    or of
    of the
    the twelve
    twelve Imams.
    Imams.lI Therefore
    Thereforethe
    the
    constitutionof
    constitution of Iran made sure
    Iran made surethat
    thatonly
    only an
    anIthna
    IthnaAshari Ja'afai Shee'ah
    AshariJa'afari Shee'ahcan
    canbebe
    president.22
    and the 'national
    the 'national legislative
    legislativecouncil
    president. and shall not enact laws that contradict
    councilshallnot enactlaws that contradict
    the principles and
    the principles jurisprudenceof
    and jurisprudence of the
    the official
    offrcial sect
    sect of
    of the
    the state,.3
    state'.3The
    Thetwelfth
    twelfth
    Shee'ah Imam is
    Shee'ahImam is believed
    believedtoto have
    have been
    been born
    bornin 868A.D.
    in 868 A.D. and
    andis
    is still
    still alive (now
    alive(now
    even after
    even after eleven
    elevencenturies)
    centuries)but
    but disappeared
    disappeared when he
    when he was yearsold.
    was55 years old. He will
    He
    reappearand
    reappear the current
    and the current Republic
    Republic of Iran
    Iran will be
    be dissolved
    dissolvedfor
    for him
    him toto take
    takethe
    the
    leadership.a
    leadership.4

    The Muslim
    The Muslimscholars
    scholarsregard
    regardmonarchy questionable
    monarchyquestionable where
    whereonly
    only the political
    thepolitical
    power is
    power is inherited.
    inherited. Therefore,
    Therefore,they reject completely
    they reject completely any any form
    form of monarchy
    monarchyin in
    which even
    which even the
    the religious
    religiousand
    and the
    the spiritual
    spiritualleadership
    leadership is inherited,unless
    is inherited, unlessthere
    thereis
    is
    clear evidence
    clear evidencein in the Holy Qur'an
    the Holy or the
    Qur'anor thereliable
    reliableSU'N'AH of the prophotlreaaner6,n
    theprophetcPeaceBeUpoll
    ni-r that
    Him) that supports
    supportsthis this claim.
    claim. Not
    Not only
    only is
    rs there
    there no
    no such
    such evidence,
    evidence,butbut also
    alsothe
    the
    conceptof l'ma'mah
    concept I'ma'mah contradicts
    contradictsthe principleof the
    the principle consultatIOn
    the consultatron emphasized
    emphasized by
    by
    the Holy
    the Holy Qur'an. commandingthe
    Qur'an.ALLAH, commanding Prophet,says:
    the Prophet, and consult
    says:,·".......and consultthem
    them
    affairs.........'6,
    in affairs......... praisingthe
    andpraising
    '05, and the believers
    believerssays: .......and
    says:" ....... and who
    who (conduct)
    (conduct)their
    their
    by mutual consultation.......
    affairs by consultation. ".6 tt o

    The Muslim
    The Muslim scholars
    scholars also alsoaffirm
    affirmthat
    thatcomplete
    completeinfallibility
    infallibilityisis an
    an attribute
    attributeof
    ALLAH alone alone and
    and no
    no creature
    creatureshares
    shares with Him. Eventhe infallibilityof the
    it with Him. Even the infallibility the
    prophetsis
    prophets is limited
    limitedto conveytngtheIr
    to conveymg therrmessages
    messages truly and
    truly andin avoiding
    avoidingcardinal
    cardinalsins
    sins
    or disobedience
    or disobedienceto to ALLAH. For For example,
    example,ALLAH addressingaddressing the
    the Prophet
    Prophetsays:
    says:
    Proph€tp"o""
    "The Prophetweace Be upon
    Be Upon triml
    llim) frowned and turned away
    ftowned away because
    becausea blind man man came
    came
    to (interrupting)".7
    to him (interrupting)". The Holy
    7 The Holv Qur'an
    Qur'an assuresus that eventhe bestcreatureon
    assures us that even the best creature on
    earth does
    earth does not sharewith
    not share with ALLAH the the attributes
    attributesof infallibility.Concerning
    of infallibility. Concemingthe the
    knowledgeof the
    knowledge the unseen,
    unseen,ALLAH says saysin the
    the Holy
    Holy Qur'an:
    Qur'an: "I "I (Mohammad
    (Mohamntod (Peace Be
    Teeacene
    upm Hin)
    Upon H;mJ) have no power over ony
    any good or harm to my self self except
    except as God
    (ALLAH) wills, ifif II had knowledge
    knowledge of ofthe unseen, II should have
    the unseen, have multiplied all
    good,
    good, und
    and no evil should
    should have have touched
    touched me...'r.
    me... ,,s. Muslim
    Muslim scholars
    scholars consider
    consider those
    those
    who
    who believe
    believe that
    that some
    some human
    human beings
    beings are
    are better
    better than the messengers
    than the messengers of ALLAH
    ALLAH as
    as

    '1 Khomeini,
    Khomeini, pp.92-1.
    pp. 92-3.
    2 ConstitutionArct. I 15.
    2 Constitution Aret. 115.

    3 Constitution Acft.72.
    3 Constitution Aert. 72.

    4 ConstitutionArct. 5.
    4 Constitution Aret.

    'Holy qur'an: Chapter3 verse159.


    5 Holy Qur'an: Chapter verse 159.
    u Holy qur'an:
    6 Chapter42 verse
    Qur'an: Chapter verse 38.
    38.
    t Holy qur'an:
    Chapter 80verses
    7 Holy qur'an: Chapter 80 verses l-10
    1-10.
    t Holy qur'an: 88.
    Chapter 77 verse
    8 Holy Qur'an: Chapter verse I188.

    t144
    kaferon (unbelievers),1
    kaferon (unbelievers), I let alone
    alone those
    those who claim some creatures
    claim that some share with
    creatures share
    ALLAH His unique
    ALLAH unique attributes obedience to these
    attributes or that obedience creatures is more
    these creatures more
    th
    than to the
    important than
    important Creator. The
    the Creator. concept of the
    The concept the still alive 12ft
    still alive Shee'ah Imam is a
    12 Shee'ah Imam
    myth which
    myth should not bp
    which should believed, let alone
    be believed, alone build whole system
    build a whole system of an Islamic
    of an Islamic
    th 2
    goverrrment
    government on it. Al-tabari assured us
    Al-tabari assured us that the 1
    that the 111ft Imam
    Imam had offspring's at
    had no offspring's all.z
    at all.

    There
    There areare very
    very few HADEETHs
    HADEETHs compiled compiled by Termithy
    Termithy and and Abu Dawood
    Dawood
    mentioning the
    mentioning appearance of Al-Mahdi
    the appearance AI-Mahdi amongamong the the signs
    signs of the the Day
    Day of
    Resurrection.These HADEETHs say that
    Resurrection. These HADEETHs say that he
    he will have
    have a name
    name similar
    similar to the
    the
    Prophet's (Mohammad (p",*
    Prophet's (Mohammad Be up,-
    (Peace r+ Up,m Hi-y)
    Him») and his father's
    and his name will be
    father's name similar to the
    be similar the
    th
    Prophet's
    Prophet's father
    father (Abdullah),
    (Abdullah), not
    not Hassan
    Hassan the
    the l
    11lth Imam's
    Imam's name.
    name. He
    He will be
    be from
    from the
    the
    descendants of the
    descendants the first grandson
    grandson of the the Prophet Be rhtn
    (Peace ire
    Prophet 1p""* Upon Him) not from
    Him) but not from the
    the
    grandson's progeny
    second grandson's i Furthermore,
    progeny3 Furthermore, there is
    there is no evidence that
    no evidence such a
    that such person
    a person
    second
    will
    wrll live twelve centuries.
    live twelve centuries.
    Brothers
    Brothers andand Sisters. the Shee'ah
    Sisters, the scholars consider
    Shee'ah scholars consider the the I'ma'mah concept as
    I'ma'mah concept as
    an
    an article
    article of faith equalto
    faith equal to believing
    believing in ALLAH. That That is,
    is, if you don't
    if you don't believe this,
    believe this,
    then
    then by their
    their definition
    definitionyou you could
    couldbe be aa Kafer (unbeliever),
    Kafer(unbeliever), forbid.On
    God forbid.
    God the other
    On the other
    hand, if you
    hand, you believe suchwith
    believe such with all its implications
    all its implicationsand drmensions
    anddimensions you could
    you couldbebe aa
    Kafer by the
    Kafer by definrtron the scholarswhose
    the defimtIOn of the scholars whose loyalty
    loyalty is
    is only
    only to
    to ALLAH
    ALLAH and
    and the
    the
    Prophet (peaeBerrprnHimr,
    Prophet (Peace not for
    Be Upon Him), not for aa special
    specialdynasty
    dynastyor race.Make
    or race. Make sure
    surethat you choose
    that you choose
    the
    thenght pathto
    nght path paradise
    to paradise

    1t AI-Tahawi,
    Al-Tahawi,p.
    p. 557.
    557.
    22Ibn
    lbn Taymiyah,
    Taymiyah,Minhaj
    Minhaj vol.
    vol.lI P.
    P. 37.
    37.
    t3 Ibn
    IbnAI-Atheer,
    Al-Atheer,vol.
    vol. 10, pp.330-2.
    10,pp. 330-2.

    l5
    15
    FAMILY oF
    F*rLy THE pRopHET
    OF THE PROPHET eo""n.uponrnm)
    (peaceBeUponIDm)

    The Ja'fari
    The Ja'fari Shee'ah
    Shee'ah scholars confme "Family of the
    scholars confine the prophet
    prophet (pea€B€rbmHim)"
    (Peace Be Upon Himj" to

    the youngest
    the youngest daughter
    daughter of
    of the Prophet (peae
    the Prophet (pea"" Be
    Be rrpd
    Upon Him),
    Him), Fatima
    Fatima,, his his cousin
    cousin Ali Ali--
    husband of
    husband of Fatima, the first grandson
    Fatima, the grandson and
    and thethe second grandson (who married
    second grandson married thethe
    last kanian
    last Iranian emperor's
    emperor's daughter,
    daughter, then
    then Shahrbanoo)
    Shahrbanoo) and and thethe eight descendants of
    eight descendants of the
    the
    1 'lt
    secondgtandson
    second grandson from his Persian
    from his Persian wife.l
    wife. Khomeini
    Khomeini said:said:'It is one of the
    is one the essential
    essential
    beliefs of Shee'ah
    beliefs Shee'ah school that no
    school that no one
    one can
    can attain
    attain the spiritualstatus
    the spiritual statusof Imam (Ali
    ofImam
    and his
    and his descendants),
    descendants), not
    not even
    even the
    the close
    close angels
    angels or thethe prophets
    prophets who are
    are also
    also
    messengers of God,2.
    messengers God'2. Shee'ah
    Shee'ahscholars believe that
    scholarsbelieve that the
    the leadership
    leadership of the
    the whole
    whole
    Muslim Ummah
    Ummah is confined
    confinedonlyonly to the
    the twelve
    twelve Imams.
    Imams. Therefore
    Therefore they
    they neglect
    neglect the
    the
    accomplishments and
    accomplishments and the virtues of or cast
    the virtues cast cardinal
    cardinal accusations
    accusations against the rest
    against the rest of
    the prophet's
    the prophet's 1p""o
    (Peace Be
    Be upm Him) family
    Upon Him) family and
    and Companions, unless they
    Companions,unless are proven
    they are proven to the
    the
    Shee'ah
    Shee'ah scholars
    scholars to have have demonstrated
    demonstrated strong
    strongsupport (This can
    supportto Ali. (This can be further
    be further
    corroborated
    corroboratedby reading
    readingany any of the
    the Shee'ah
    Shee'ahsources IslamichIstOry,
    sourcesin Islamic for example
    hrstory, for example
    Tabatabai,
    Tabatabai, Ali
    AIi Shariati,
    Shariati,IbnIbn Abi al-hadid,
    al-hadid,etc.).
    etc.).
    The
    The Muslim
    Muslim scholars
    scholarsconsider "Ahl-al Bait" the
    consider"Ahl-al family of the
    thefamily the Prophet (peaeB€
    Prophet(Pea""Be
    r}q Him)as
    Upon Him) as all his
    his relatives
    relatives who
    who cannot
    cannot receive
    receive charity.
    charity. This
    This includes
    includes the
    the Prophet
    Prophet
    @ee
    (peace Be
    Be rtom
    Upon Him),Ali, Aqil, Abbas
    Him), Abbasand
    and their posterity,3the
    their posterity,3 the wives
    wrvesof the Prophet(pea""Be
    the Prophet @eaeBe
    rrim)are
    rlo Him)
    Upon are members
    membersof his
    his family,
    family, ALLAH
    ALLAH Says
    Saysin the Qur'an: "And stay
    the Holy Qur'an: stay in
    your houses
    yoar houses and do
    do not display yourselves like that ofthe
    display yourselves ofthe times
    times ofignorance,
    and perform
    perform regular prayers (As-Salat),
    (As-Salat), and give charity (Zakat)
    (Zakat) , and obeyobey
    ALLAH
    ALI-/IH and his Messenger.
    Messenger.ALLAH
    ALLAH wishes
    wishesonly to remove
    removeAr-Rijs
    Ar-Rijs ( evil deeds
    deeds
    and sin,
    sin, ect) from you, 0O members
    ecl) fromyou, of thefamily ofthe
    membersofthefamity of the Prophet
    Prophet (peace
    @eaceBerJpon*im)ee
    Be Upon Him)"

    and to purfu
    purify you with a thorough purification. ,,4, not
    thorough purification.'4, not only
    only that,
    that, but
    but allall the
    the
    Prophet's
    Prophet'swives
    wives are
    arethe mothersof the
    the mothers the believers,
    believers,ALLAH
    ALLAH Says
    Saysinin the
    the Holy Qur'an:
    Qur'an:
    "" The
    The Prophet
    Prophet is closer
    closer to the
    the believers
    believersthan
    than their ownselves,
    ownselves,and his wives
    wivesare
    are
    their (believers~
    (believers') mothers
    mothers (as
    (as regards
    regards respect
    respectand marriage).......
    marriage) ,,5.

    The
    The majority
    majority of thethe Muslim
    Muslim scholars
    scholarsconsider
    considerthosethosewho who believe
    believethat some
    that some
    human
    human beings
    beings are
    are better
    betterthan
    thanthe
    the Prophets
    Prophetsas (unbeliever).Muslim
    asKafir (unbeliever). Muslim scholars
    scholars
    hold
    hold respect
    respect for
    for the
    the whole
    whole family
    family of the
    the Prophet
    Prophet (peaaBerlmnim;
    (Pea"" Be Upon Him) in
    in general.
    general.

    t Ash-Sheerazee
    I Ash-sheerazee pp. 13-19.
    pp. l3-19.
    2Khomeni,
    2 Khomeni,translation,
    translation,Algar, p 64
    Algar, p. PSGp.
    64 & PSG p. 25.
    25
    3
    3 Muslim,
    Muslim, vol.
    vol. 2, pp. 517-21
    2,p. 517-21&& vol.
    vol. 4, pp. 1286-7.
    4, pp. 1286-7
    4oHoly
    Holy Qur'an:
    Qur'an:chapter
    chapter33
    33 verse 33.
    verse33.
    St Holy qur'an: chapter
    Holy Qur'an: chaper 33
    33verse 6.
    verse6.

    16
    l6
    Prophet rp*
    The Prophet Be rl'
    (Peaao Bc Him), in a HADEETH
    Upm Hin), reported by Muslimt
    HADEETH reported Muslim 1 while
    commanding Muslims
    commanding Muslims to stick to thethe Holy Qur'anQur'an as as a source
    source of.guidance,
    ofguidance, also
    also
    them to be kind to his family.
    asked them
    asked family. Muslim scholars also preserved
    scholars also preserved a high
    high status
    status
    2
    the Companions
    for all the Companions of
    of the
    the Prophet {Peaao Be Upm Him), the
    Prophet @wBcrlorrim), the chosen soldiers of
    chosen soldiers Islam.2
    ofIslam.

    Brothers and
    Brothers and Sisters,
    Sisters, being
    being Muslims, could we really
    Muslims, could really neglect
    neglect the the other
    other
    daughters of
    daughters of the
    the Prophet (peace Be Upon Him), his relatives
    Prophet @eeBcrloHin), relatives and descendants who were
    and their descendants were
    excellent
    excellent muslims?
    muslims? Could
    Could we confine
    confine the
    the family of the
    the Prophetrp**B€r&aHim)
    Prophet<Peace Be Upm Him) to just
    just
    ones as
    a few ones as selected
    selected by Shee'ah
    Shee'ah Scholars? Could we really
    Scholars? Could love only a few and
    really love and
    curse the
    curse the other
    other tens
    tens of
    of thousands
    thousands of the early generation
    the early generation of Islam? What
    of Islam? What about
    about
    Othman, who was
    Othman, was married
    married to the daughters of
    the two daughters of the
    the Prophetrp**B€rD@Hin) and had
    Prophet<Peace Be Upon Him) and had
    a son
    a son from
    from one
    one of them?
    them? What What aboutabout thethe descendants Hassan,, the
    descendants of Hassan the eldest
    eldest
    grandson of the
    grandson Prophet (pcae
    the Prophet Be q*
    (peace Be Him)? Don't you think Ali
    Upm ni-i? and his
    Ali and his pious
    pious
    descendants would be
    descendants be among
    among the the fust
    first to condemn concepts of the
    these concepts
    condemn these the Shee'ah
    Shee' ah
    scholars?
    scholars?

    1t Muslim,
    Muslim,vol.
    vol. 4, p.
    4,p. 12879.
    12879.
    22The
    TheVirtues
    Virhresof
    of the
    theCompanions,
    Companions,in
    in Al-Bukhari&Muslim.
    Al-Bukhari&Muslim.

    17
    l7
    COMPANIONS oF
    C'MPANI'NS PROPHET (PBUH)
    OF THE PR.PHET (PBUH)
    The Ja'fari
    The Ja'fari Shee'ah
    Shee'ah scholars claim that the
    scholars claim fIrst and
    the first and the second guided
    the second guided
    Ca'lee'phahs,
    Ca'lee'phahs, Abu Bakr and
    and Omar
    Omar plotted
    plotted against
    against Islam
    Islam and
    and tried to eliminate
    eliminate the
    the
    HADEETH so so that they
    they could
    could interpret the Holy Qur'an such
    interpret the in such a way as to serve
    as serve
    their purposes.
    their purposes. The
    The Shee'ah
    Shee'ah scholars
    scholars also
    also claim
    claim that the fIrst guided
    three first
    the three guided
    Ca'lee'phahs 'Broke
    'Broke their covenant
    covenant with the
    the prophet
    prophet (peaeBetbmHin) and
    and changed
    changed his
    Ca'lee'phahs (Peace Be Upoo Him)

    SU'N'AH,.I They
    SU'N'AH'.I They divide
    divide the
    the thousands
    thousands of the the Prophet's companions into
    Prophet's companions into three
    three
    categories; 2
    categories,2

    1. The Companions
    l. The Companions whom
    whom the
    the Shee'ah like, who
    scholars like,
    Shee'ah scholars are less
    who are less than
    than ten.
    ten.
    2. The
    2. The worst elements (among
    worst elements (among these
    these was
    was Abdullah Omar who reported
    Abdullah bin Omar reported
    numerous true
    numerous true HADEETHs).
    HADEETHs).
    3. Those
    3. Those who sold
    sold their Honors (among
    their Honors (among these
    these were Hurayra, Abu Darda
    were Abu Hurayra, Darda and
    and
    Abu Musal-Ashaari.
    Musal-Ashaari.All reported
    reportedmany
    manytrue HADEETHs).
    true HADEETHs).
    One of the
    One the official
    official newspapers
    newspapersthen, after describing
    then, after describingthe the Prophet (peaeBeL[m
    Prophet(Peace Be Upoo

    Hin)as
    Him) as having
    having singled
    singled out
    out his son-in-lawunjustly
    his son-in-law specialparts
    unjustly with special parts of the Islamic
    the Islamic
    Message,
    Message, assures
    assuresthat "most of the
    that "most (peaeBeLpruHim)
    Prophet's(Peace
    the Prophet's generationdid
    Be Upon Him) generation have
    not have
    did not
    aa clear
    clear picture even of the
    picture even the religious
    religious issues that the
    issues that prophet (Peace
    the prophet (peae
    B€Upon
    Be up.-ni-; had
    Him) had
    3
    practiced hundredsof times
    practicedhundreds times before
    before their
    their eyes
    eyesand within reach
    andwithin their hearing.
    reachof their hearing.s
    Specifically,
    Specifically, aa Shee'ah
    Shee'ahscholar mentions''...
    scholarmentions Abdul Rahman
    ... Abdul RahmanIbn Ibn Ouf, worshipper
    Ouf, aa worshipper
    of money;
    money; the
    the aristocrat,
    aristocrat,Othman;
    Othman; thethe careless Khalid Ibn
    carelessKhalid Ibn Walid; and Saied
    Walid; and SaiedIbnIbn
    4
    Vaqas,
    Vaqas,asasaa man
    manwithout piety'.0
    withoutpiety' .

    The
    The Muslim
    Muslim scholars
    scholarssay
    saythat
    that the greatcompanions
    the great companionsare trustworthyand
    are trustworthy are
    andare
    5
    reliable
    reliable sources
    sources- allall of them
    themdeserve
    deservehigh respect.s
    high respect. ALLAH has pratsedthe
    haspraIsed great
    the great
    Companions
    Companionsin in the
    the Holy Qur'an saying: "You
    Qur'an saying: "You are
    are the
    the best of peoples" 66 "The
    bestofpeoples" "The
    Vanguard
    Vanguard (of Islam),
    Islam), the
    the first
    Jirst who forsook their homes
    whoforsooktheir (Al-Muhaiirin) and
    homes(AI-Muhajirin) andofof
    those who
    those who gave
    gave them
    them aid (AI-Ansar)
    (Al-Ansar) and also
    and also who follow
    whofollow them
    them in all good
    good deeds.
    deeds.
    ALI"/IH is pleased
    ALLAH" pleased with them
    them asas they
    they are with Him. For them them He prepared
    gardens
    gardens under
    under which
    which rivers
    riversflow
    flow to
    to dwell
    dwelttherein
    thereinforever".
    forever".T7;; "Mohammed
    "Mohammed is the
    is the

    1t Al-Askari, p.
    Al-Askari, p. 34-8.
    3+s.
    2t The
    TheMinistry
    Ministry of
    of Islamic
    IslamicGuidance
    Guidancein
    in Iran, pp. 28-30.
    lran, pp. 28-30.
    3'Al-Jehad,
    Al-Jehad, No.
    No.56
    56
    4Shariati, p.
    4 shadati, p. 207
    207
    35Ibn
    Ibn Taymiyah,vol.
    Tayrniyah, vot. II p.
    p. 307
    307
    66Holy qur'an:
    Holy Qur'an: cp.apter
    clrapter33verse
    verselIIlo
    0
    t Holy
    7 qur'an: chapter
    HolyQur'an: chapter99verse I 00
    versel00

    t8
    18
    Apostle of
    Apostle of God and
    and those who are with
    with each other. You see them bow ond
    and
    prostrate themselves
    prostrate prayer) seehing
    themselves (in prayu) seeking grace from and (His) good
    from God and good
    1

    'The
    In a reliable
    reliable HADEETH the the Prophets** Be upm
    Prophe1:(peace B€ said: 'The best
    Him) said:
    Upoo Hin) best of
    of my
    followers are
    followers are those
    those living in my century'.2
    century'.2

    The Muslim scholars


    The scholars have
    have no doubt that the
    doubt that the Prophet (Pe;lce Be Upoo Him) conveyed
    Prophet GeaeBcrbcorrim) conveyed
    his message
    message without any any discrimination bias for his son-in-law
    discrimination or bias son-in-law or any anyone else of
    one else of
    the companions.
    the companions. The The great Companions were
    great Companions were in general,
    general, more
    more knowledgeable
    knowledgeable
    about the Islamic teachings.
    about the Islamic teachings. Among the
    the non-relatives
    non-relatives of
    of the
    the prophet
    prophet (peace Be Upoo Him),
    @eacBerloHin),
    there were
    there were many
    many who were more knowledgeable
    were more knowledgeable than Ali or the
    than Ali the other relatives of
    other relatives of
    3
    Prophet (peaeBerporlm;
    the Prophet
    the (peaceBeUpooHim), in spite the HADEETH forged
    spite of the Shee'ah scholars.3
    forged by Shee'ah scholars.

    those Companions
    Among those Companions who have have been slandered by the
    been slandered Shee'ah scholars
    the Shee'ah scholars
    are those
    are those who have
    have been
    been told that
    that they were the
    they were people of paradise.
    the people paradise. Among them
    them
    also are those to whom the Prophet (Peace Be Him) said:
    said: 'May
    'May my mother
    mother and
    and father
    father
    also are those the Prophet1reaeBerlmniml
    Upro

    be sacrificed
    be sacrificed for you' or that
    that the
    the Prophet
    Prophet(Peace is from
    Be Upon Him) is
    reaeBerlmrriml from them they are
    and they
    them and are
    from
    from him.
    him.
    Among
    Among those
    thosecompanions
    companionstherethereare hundredsabout
    are hundreds whom the
    aboutwhom Prophet(Peace
    the Prophet GwBc Be
    Upoo said: 'None
    'None loves them but a believer
    loves them but a believer and
    and non
    non hates
    hates them
    them but a
    a hypocrite'.
    hypocrite'.
    u* n-l said:
    Him)

    Certainly,
    Certainly, the
    the blind,
    blind, biased
    biasedand
    and exaggerated love are
    exaggeratedlove areexcluded.
    excluded.For thesekinds
    For these kinds of
    "Love" should
    shouldrather
    ratherbe identifiedas
    be identified as hatred. If there
    hatred.If therewere disagreements
    were disagreements amongaa
    among
    few Companions
    Companionsbasedbased onon aa difference legal opinions
    differenceof legal (Ijtehad),we should
    opinions(Ijtehad), shouldnot
    indulge in judging
    indulge judging their personaldeeds,
    their personal for ALLAH
    deeds,for ALLAH condemns
    condemnssuch i.e. latter
    acts;i.e.
    suchacts; latter
    ones
    ones judging
    judging the deeds of the earlier
    the deeds the earlierones. ones.
    [n
    ln the
    the Holy Qur'an says:"That was
    Qur'an it says: was a nation
    nation who has passedaway.
    has passed They
    away. They
    shall receive
    receive the
    the reward ofwhat
    of what they
    they earned, you
    earned,andyou
    and ofwhat
    of what you earned, And
    earned,
    you will
    will not be
    be asked
    askedofwhat
    of what they
    they used
    usedto
    to do"?4
    do"?a

    Brothers
    Brothersand and sisters,
    sisters,do you believe
    do you believeALLAH who plainlystates
    who plainly thatHe
    statesthat is
    He is
    pleasedwith the
    pleased Companionsof the
    the Companions (peaeBeupmnim)
    Prophet(Peace
    the Prophet or the
    Be Upon Him) or the Shee'ah scholars
    Shee'ahscholars
    who
    who honor just aafew
    honor just few Companions
    Companionsand andcurse
    curseandandaccuse others.Be
    thousandsof others.
    accusethousands Be
    sure to find the right way
    sure to find the right way to to paradise
    paradise and not function unintentionally
    and not function unintentionally as
    as an
    an agent
    agent
    of the
    the enemies·
    enemies'of of Islam
    Islam whowho are
    are trying
    trying to destroythe
    to destroy Holy Qur'
    the Holy and the
    an and
    Qur'an the
    'Ifyouseeaperson
    HADEETH.
    HADEETH. RememberRememberthat that Imam
    Imam Ahmad
    Ahmad bin Hanbal said: 'If you see a person
    binHanbalsaid:
    accusing
    accusingthe the companions
    companions of the the Prophet (peaeBertomHimr.
    Prophet(Peace you have
    Be Up= Him). you havethe right to
    the right to doubt
    doubt
    his Islam'
    his Islam'

    ' Holy
    HolyQur'an:
    1 Qur'an:chapter
    chapter48
    48verses
    verses18-29.
    18-29.
    'Al-Bukhari,
    2 A1-Bukhari, vol.
    vol.5,
    5,p.2.
    p.2.
    '3 Ibn Taymiyah,Minhaj
    IbnTaymiyah, Minhaj vol.
    vol. 3, pp. 116-73.
    3, pp. 116-73.
    aHoly
    4 qur'an: chapter
    HolyQur'an: chapter22verses
    verses134.
    134.

    t9
    19
    Rahwaih and
    Rahwaih Malik gave
    and Imam Malik gave the verdict that whosoever accuses the
    whosoever accuses
    companions should
    companions be punished.
    should be punished. Ibn Taymiyah and Razi
    Taymiyah and said: 'Whoever
    Razi said: 'Whoever questions
    questions
    the
    the good
    good faith of the companions
    of the companions is "Zindeeq"
    "Zindeeq" and unbeliever'.
    and unbeliever'.
    Al-Haithami and
    Ibn Hajar Al-Haithami and Imam Shaifee
    Shaifee are of the opinion, that w?roever
    are of whoever
    hates the
    hates the companions
    companions is an an unbeliever.
    unbeliever. Al-gadi abuabu Ya'ala concluded that the
    concluded that the
    majority of
    majority of Muslim scholars have made
    scholars have made a consensus that whoever
    consensus that whoever disgraces
    disgraces and
    and
    accuses
    accusesa Companion believing that
    Companionbelieving that the
    the Companion
    Companiondeserves
    deservesdisgracing becomes a
    disgracingbecomes
    Kafer (unbeliever)but if
    Kafer (unbeliever) ifhe does not believe
    he does believe that
    that the companiondeserves
    the companion desOrves it then
    then he
    he
    committed
    committeda serious
    serioussin (a Faseq).r
    sin (a Faseq).l

    I
    1 Abu
    Abu Mu'awiyah Muhammad,pp.
    Mu'awiyahMuhammad, pp. 11-13,25
    I l-13, 25 and
    and62.
    62.

    20
    20
    T
    Tno,YAH ('HTELDTNG)
    UQ'YAH (SHIELDING)
    'TUe'yAH comprises ninetenths of the
    The Ja'afari
    The Ja'afari scholars
    scholarssay
    say that:
    that: 'TUQ'YAH comprises ninetenths of the
    religion of
    religion ALLAH and
    of ALLAH and whoever
    whoeverdoesdoesnot
    not use
    use TUQ'YAH
    TUe'yAH has has no
    no religion.
    religion.
    TUQ'YAH is to be used in everything
    TUQ'YAH is to be used in everything except exceptin
    in declaring
    declaringthetheprohibition
    prohibitionofofwine
    wine
    and the
    and the rubbing
    rubbingof of socks
    socksinin WUdU,.1
    wudu'.r TUQ'YAH
    TUe'yAH means meansto pretendby doingor
    to pretend by doing or
    sayingexactly
    saying exactlythe the opposite
    oppositeof ofwhat
    whatyouyoubelieve
    believeororfeel,
    feel,e.g.
    e.g.to topretend
    pretendtotobe
    benice
    nice
    whilecursing
    cursingthe personin
    theperson 2
    while inthe
    theheart
    heartwithout
    withoutaapresent
    presentdanger.
    danger.2
    The specific
    The purposeof
    specificpurpose of TUQ'YAH
    TUQ'YAH isis the 'preservationof Islam and the
    the 'preservation of Islamandthe
    Shee'ahschool
    Shee'ah school of of thought;
    thought;if if the peoplehad
    thepeople hadnot
    notresorted
    resortedto to it, ourschool
    it, our schoolwould
    would
    havebeen
    have beendestroyed,3,
    destroyed'3, i.e., to
    i.e., to the
    the Shee'ah
    Shee'ahscholars,
    scholars. TUQ'YAH
    TUe'yAH could couldbeused
    be used
    with non-shee'ah, including Muslims,
    with non-Shee'ah, including Muslims, to to preserve
    preserve the the Shee'ah
    shee'ah Faith.
    Faith. The
    The
    prominentShee'ah
    prominent Shee'ahscholar
    scholarTabatabai
    Tabatabaisayssaysthat
    thatShee'ah
    Shee'ahTUQ'YAH
    TUQ'YAH is is based
    basedonon the
    the
    verses from the Holy
    verses from the Holy Qur'an say'."Let
    that say:
    Qur'anthat "Let not the
    the believers
    believerstake
    takethe
    the disbelievers
    disbelievers
    as (supporters,helpers,
    as Auliya (supporters, helpers, etc.) instead ofthe believers, and whoever does
    etc.)insteadofthebelievers,andwhoeverdoes
    never be
    that will never be helped
    helpedby by ALLAH
    ALLAH in any any way,
    way, except you indeedfear a danger
    exceptyou danger
    ftom them...".4',
    from them... ". 4; "Whover disbelievedin ALLAH
    "vl/hover disbelieved ALLAH after
    after his
    hisbelief,
    betief,except
    except him who
    who
    thereto and whose
    is forced thereto whoseheart is at restrest with Faith...
    Faith...,'.5
    ".5

    The Holy Qur'an


    The alsoassures
    Qur'an also assuresusus that pretendingto
    that pretending to believe
    believedifferently
    differentlyfrom
    from
    what is
    what is in our
    our hearts
    hearts is
    iS the
    the distinguished
    distinguished characteristic
    characteristic hypocritesand it
    of hypocrites and
    condemns
    condemns that.
    that. ALLAH says in ,And when they
    ALLAH says in the
    the Holy eur'an. "And when
    Holy Qur'an: meet those
    they meet those
    who believe they say
    believe they 'We
    say 'We believe'.
    believe'. But when
    when they alone with their Shaytan
    Shaytan
    they are alone
    (devil'polytheist,
    (devil- polytheist, hyprocrites,
    hyprocrites, etc.),
    etc.), they
    they say:
    say:"Truly are with you... ,'.6
    we arc
    "Trary we ".6

    ALLAH
    ALLAH also also says:
    says: "Do yoa
    you (aithfull
    (faithfull believers)
    believers) covet
    covet that they
    they will
    will believe
    believe
    in your
    your religion inspite of of thefact
    fact that a party
    party of
    ofthem (Jewish rabbis)
    them (Iewish used to
    rabbis)used
    hear the liltord
    Word of of ALLAH
    ALLAH [the
    [the Taurat (Torah)J,
    (Torah)}, then they used to change itit
    lrnowingly
    knowingly after they understood
    understood it? "And
    "And when
    when thqthey (Jewg
    (Jews) meet thoseiho
    those who
    believe (Muslims)
    believe (Muslims) what
    what ALLAH
    ALLAH has revealed to you you pews,
    [Jews, about description
    and the qualities
    and the qualities of Prophet Muhammad|peaceBeLponHi^)
    ofProphet Muhammad(peace Be Upon Him) thatwhich
    that which are
    are writeen
    writeen in
    in

    '
    1 Al-Kafr,
    Al-Kati, AL-Usool,
    AL-Usool, vol.
    vol. 2,2, pp
    pp 217-9
    217-9.
    ' Al-Kafi
    A.l-frua,
    2 Al-Kati Al-frua, vol. pp.
    vol. 33 pp. 188-9.
    188-9.
    3 p.
    Khomeini 144.
    3 Khomeini p. 144.
    o
    Holyqur'an:
    4 Holy Qur'an: chapter
    chapter 33verse
    verse 28.
    28.
    'Holy qur'an:
    5 Holy Qur'an: chapter
    chapter 1616verse
    verse 106.
    106.
    t qur'an:
    6Holy chapter zverse
    Holy Qur'an: chapter 2 verse 14.
    14.

    21
    21
    they (Muslim)
    Taurat(Torah), that they
    Taurat(Torah), (Muslim) nay argue wtth
    nay argue you (Jants)
    with you then no
    (Jews) then
    understanding?".!
    understanding?".r
    ALLAH also also says: "Lol you are
    says: "Lo! are the
    the ones who love
    ones who them but they
    love them love you
    they love
    not, and you believe
    not, believe in allall the Scriptures
    Scriptures [te.[i.e. you believe
    believe in the Taarat(Torah)
    Taurat(Torah)
    the Injee(Gospel),
    and the Injeel(Gospel), while they disbelieve in your Book,
    they disbelieve Qur'anJ. And
    Book, the Qar'anJ. And
    when they
    when they meetmeet you, they say, "We believe". But
    theysay, "We believe".Btttwhen they when they are alone,
    alone, they
    they bite
    bite
    the tips
    the of their Jingers
    tips of fingers at you in rage rage. Say: "Pefish in your tage.
    Say:"Perish rage. Certainly,
    Certainly,
    ALLAH knows
    ALI-/IH knows what is in the breast (alt
    the breast (all the
    the secrets)."2 Therefore, ALLAH
    secrets).,,2 Therefore, ALLAH has has
    prepared
    prepared for the hypocrites
    for the severe punishment.
    hypocrites severe punishment. "They "They shall be the lowest
    be in the lowest
    depths of
    depths of the
    the ftre,
    fire, no helpers
    helpers wilt will you Jindfind for them".3 So
    for them".3 So Muslim
    Muslim scholars
    scholars
    that pretending
    consider that
    consider the opposite
    pretending the opposite of whatwhat you hide is
    you hide is lying, which is
    lying, which a form
    is a form of
    hypocrisy, for the
    hypocrisy, Prophet (peae
    the Prophet (peace Be
    Be upmrrim) said: 'The
    Upon Him) said: signs of ahypocrite
    'The signs are three:
    a hypocrite are three:
    whenever he
    whenever he speaks
    speaks he he tells
    tells a lie,
    lie, when
    when ever he promises
    ever he promises hehe always breaks it and
    always breaks and
    he abuses
    abuses the trust given
    the trust given to him...' a
    him ... ' 4 The
    The basic
    basic rule therefore, is that
    rule therefore, pretending
    that pretending oneone
    he
    thing
    thing and
    and hiding
    hiding another
    anotheris hypocrisy
    hypocrisyand condemnedby the
    and is condemned Islamic teachings.
    the Islamic teachings.
    The
    The case
    case mentioned
    mentioned in chapter
    chapter3 verse 28 of the
    verse28 the Qur'an
    Qur'an above
    aboveis applicable the
    applicablein the
    case
    case of non-believers
    non-believersONLY under
    under special
    special cases,
    cases,i.e., Muslim cannot
    i.e., aa Muslim cannotapply
    applyit
    5
    against
    againstaa Muslim.
    Muslim.5 Chapter
    Chapter 16
    16 verse
    verse 106
    106 of the
    the Holy Qur' is applicable
    an is
    Qur'an only
    applicableonly
    when
    when aa Muslim faces faces aa situation
    situation similar
    similarto to the
    the situation
    situationof ofthe greatCompanion
    the great Companion
    Ammar
    Ammar when when he he hadhad to choose
    choose between
    between dying dying under
    under torture
    torture like his parents
    his parents
    pretending
    pretendingto be be unbeliever
    unbelieverby tongue.
    tongue.These
    Thesecasescasesareare not
    not the basicrule
    the basic rule but rather
    but rather
    exceptions,
    exceptions,let let alone
    alonethe
    the basis
    basisfor nine-tenths
    nine-tenthsof the the Islamic religion. Brothers
    Islamicreligion. Brothersandand
    sisters,
    sisters, give
    give it aa thought
    thought - what
    what would
    would happen
    happen if
    if Muslims
    Muslims were
    were to
    to believe
    believe that
    that nine-
    nine-
    tenths
    tenths of the the whole
    whole religion
    religion lies
    lies in TUQ'YAH? Which Which is is means
    meansthat pretending
    that pretending
    what·
    what is different
    different from from our
    our true
    true belief
    belief and
    andfeelings
    feelingsis is nine
    nine times
    timesas importantas
    as important asall
    all
    the Islamic teachings?
    the Islamic teachings?Could Could you
    you ever trust a Muslim
    ever trust a Muslim this if
    if this were
    were the
    the case?
    case? Can
    Can we
    we
    really
    really take
    take ourour guidance
    guidance andandreligious
    religiousknowledge
    knowledgefrom from scholars
    scholarswho who believe that
    believethat
    deception
    deception is nine-tenthsof his
    is nine-tenths his religion?
    religion?Is Is it right
    right to
    to accept
    accepthis his non-religious views
    non-religiousviews
    as
    as representing
    representingthe the truth?
    truth?If personconsiders
    If aa person considerslying lying about ALLAH, His
    aboutALLAH, Prophet
    His Prophet
    (peac
    (peace BeuPon
    Be Hi-l and
    rdmHim) and thethe Muslims
    Muslims as asessential
    essentialpartpart ofhis
    of his beliefs orderto
    beliefsin order to serve
    servehis
    his
    biased
    biased goals,
    goals, cancan we we trust
    trust him?
    him? Therefore, you
    Therefore, if you really want success
    really want in
    success the the
    hereafter
    hereafteror or inin the
    the eternal
    etemal life,
    life, be
    be cautious
    cautious of the the manymanyargumentsof Shee'ah
    arguments of Shee'ah
    scholars
    scholarswhichwhich are arebased
    basedondn distorted
    distortedor or forged quotationsand
    forgedquotations references.
    andreferences.

    1I Holy qur'an: chapter


    Holy Qur'an: chapter22verses75-77
    verses 75-77
    22Holy
    HolyQur'an:
    Qur'an:chapter
    chaper 33verse
    verse119.
    I19.
    ' Holy Qur'an: chapter
    3 Holy Qur'an: chapter44 verse
    verse145.
    145.
    o
    4 Al-Bukhari, vol, 1.l p.
    Al-Bukhari,vol, p. 31,
    31,Muslim
    Muslim vol.
    vol. 4, p. 1374.
    4,p. 1374.
    3' Ibn Taymiyah,Minhaj.,
    IbnTaymiyah, Minhaj.,vol p. 213
    vol 1.l. p. 213and
    andvol. p.259'260.
    vol. 33 pp. 259-260.

    22
    22
    Our Dears
    Dears let us remember chapter 3 verse
    remember that chapter verse 28 of Holy Qur'an is not
    of the Holy
    exception, but rathrer a restricted
    only an exception, restricted exception. Not only is itit forbidden to be
    exception. Not
    used against
    used also prohibits
    against Muslims but it also prohibits us to lie upon others. It
    upon others. means that ifif you
    It means
    behaviours and you are
    oppose certain behaviours
    oppose situation where
    are in a situation admission would
    where admission
    endanger Islam
    endanger community, you may choose
    Islam or the Muslim community, choose to remain
    remain silent
    silent but
    1
    must avoid
    you must avoid lying.l
    lying.

    1I Ibn Taymiyah,Minhaj.,
    IbnTaymiyah, Minh4i., vol.
    vol. p.
    p. 213
    213and
    andIbn Tafseer.
    Katheer,Tafseer.
    Ibn Katheer,

    23
    23
    MnrnAn
    MUT'AH -- TEMPORARY
    TEMP'RARY MARRIAGE
    MARRTAGE
    The Ja'fari
    The Ja'fari Shee'ah
    Shee'ah scholars
    scholars claim
    claim that
    that Mut'ah or temporary
    temporarymarriage
    marriageis
    is
    forbidden because
    NOT forbidden because was
    it was practiced
    practiced during the Prophet's time.
    during the Prophet'stime. Only Omar
    Omar
    forbade
    forbadeit.
    it.r1

    purpose of Mut'ah is
    l)The purpose physicalneed
    is to fulfill aa physical needonly; thereis
    only; there is no
    no divorce
    divorceand
    and
    2
    the parhrers do
    the two partners inherit each
    do not inherit eachother. The Muslim
    other.2The Muslim scholars
    scholarssay
    say that:
    that: The
    The
    Holy Qur'an had established
    Qur'an had established thethe legal forms of relationship
    legalforms relationshipbetween male and
    betweenmale and
    female and
    female and confined
    confined it into
    into two types:
    types:the
    the marriage
    marriagein which
    which thethe main
    main reason
    reasonis
    is
    multiplication and
    multiplication andthe
    the other
    otherbeing
    beingmutual relationshipand
    mutualrelationship possession.
    andpossession. The
    The Holy
    Qur'an says:
    says: $And those
    "And those who guard their chastity
    chastity (Le.
    (i.e. private parts,
    parts,from
    Qur'an from
    illegal
    illegal sexual acts).
    acts). Except from
    from their wives
    wives or (the
    (the captives
    captives and the slaves)
    slaves)
    that their right hands - for then,
    posses,-for
    handsposses, then, they
    they are free from
    arefree blames" 33
    from blames"
    2)These
    2) These two legal legal forms
    forms Islamic
    Islamic marriage
    maniage were
    were also
    also confirmed
    confirmed in the the Holy
    Qur'an:"Also (forbidden
    Qur'an:'Also (forbidden are) are) women
    women already
    already married,
    married, except
    exceptthose
    those (captives
    (captives
    and slaves) whom you right hands
    slaves) whom hands possess.
    possess. Thus
    Thus has has ALLAH
    ALLAH ordainedfor
    you. All lowful, provided
    AII others are lawful, providedyouyou seek (them in marriage) with Mahr
    seek (them Mahr
    (bridal-money
    (bridal-money given by
    by the husband to his wife at the time ofmarriage)
    of maniage) from from
    your
    your property, desiring chastity,
    chastity, not committing illegal
    illegal sexual intercourse, so so
    with those
    those of of whom you havehave enjoyed
    enjoyed sexual relations, give them them their MahrMahr
    is prescribed,
    prescribed, you agreeagree mutually (to (to give more),
    more), there is no sin on you.
    Surely,
    Surely, ALLAH
    ALLAH is Ever All-Knowing, All-Wise".AII-Wise". "And whoever ofyou
    "Andwhoever ofyou havehave
    not the meansmeans wherewith to wed free, free, believing women,
    women, theythey may wed
    girk from
    believing girls from among
    among those (captives and slaves)
    those (captives slaves) whom your your right
    right
    possess,and ALLAH
    possess, ALLAH has full knowledge
    has full aboutyour Faith, yoa
    ltnowledgeabout you are on from from
    another.
    another. Wed them with permission of
    Wed them of their own folk folk (guardins,
    (guardins, Auliya
    Auliya or
    masters)
    masters) and give their MahrMahr according to what is reasonable;
    reasonable; they
    they (the
    (the above
    above
    said captive
    captive and slave-girls) should be be chaste,
    chaste, not adulterous,
    adulterous, nor taking
    tahing boyboy
    friends.
    friends. And
    And after they
    they have
    have been
    been taken
    taken in wedfolk, ifthey commit
    wedfolk,iftheycommitillegal illegal
    intercourse, their panishment
    sexual intercourse, punishment is halfthatfor
    half thatforfreefree (unmarried) women.
    women.
    This is for him among you who is afraid
    This isfor afraid ofbeing
    of being harmed in his religion
    religion or in
    his body;
    body; but it is better for you that you practise
    betterfor practise self-restraint,
    self-restra'nt, and ALLAH
    ALLAH is
    Oft-Forgiving,
    Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful".4
    Merciful".a In which
    which the laws of marriage
    the laws marriagewere detailed.
    were detailed.
    The
    The Muslims
    Muslimsscholars
    scholarsconfirmed
    confirmedthat
    that the
    the meaning "lstam'tum" is
    meaninsof "Istam'tum" is referring
    referringto
    to

    ' Tabatabai, pp. 227-10.


    1 Tabatabai,pp. 227-30.
    2
    2 Moosavi, pp.79-96.
    Moosavi,pp. 79-96.
    'Hory qur'an: chapter
    3 Holy Qur'an: chapter23: verses5-7,
    23:verses chapter70:
    5-7,chapter verses28-31.
    70:verses 28-31
    o qur'an: chapter
    4 Holy
    Hory Qur'an: chapter4 verses
    verses24,25.
    24,25.

    24
    24
    enjoyment as
    the enjoyment as part of
    of the
    the duties of the legal
    duties of legal forms of marriage
    forms of between a man
    marriage between man
    and his wife. This part of
    and the verse
    of the verse is spelling of a wife to a Mahr
    spelling out the right of
    (maniage
    (marriage gift). This is clearly demonstrated by a HADEETH using
    clearly demonstrated using the
    the same
    same
    word "Istamta'ta"
    "Istamta'ta" in its single
    single form.l
    form. I

    3)Mut'ah was was permitted


    permitted under
    under severe circumstances during'Jihad"
    severe circumstances time, but it
    during "jihad" time,
    always prohibited
    was always
    was prohibited immediately after the
    immediately after need for it vanished.
    the need When it was
    vanished. When was
    permitted
    permitted for the the last time, its prohibitions
    last time, prohibitions after
    after that was final.
    that was final. The
    The Prophet
    Prophet 6r**
    (peace

    Be upo
    Be Upon rrim)said : 'l'I have
    Him) said given you permlsslon
    have given contract "temporary
    permission to contract "temporary marriage"
    marriage"
    with women,
    wrth women, butbut ALLAH
    ALLAH has forbidden it 'till
    has forbidden 'till the
    the day resurrection' .2 So
    day of resurrection'.2 So the
    the
    permissions
    permissions were
    were actually only occasional
    actually only exceptions from
    occasional exceptions from the original rule
    the original rule set
    set
    the Qur'an
    in the Qur' an and
    and were
    were made the prophet
    made by the prophet (peae
    (Peace Be
    Be tto,nHim) who had
    Upon Him) had the
    the
    authority; and
    authonty; and the exceptions were
    the exceptions were not left open
    not left but were
    open but closed by the
    were closed the above
    above
    3
    HADEETH forever.3
    FIADEETH forever.

    Later on,
    Later on, Ca'lee'phah
    Ca'lee'phah Omar came to know
    Omar came that Amru
    know that Huraith was
    Amru bin Huraith was
    practising Mut' ah and so he announced:
    practisingMut'ah and so he announced: 'Verily
    'Verily ALLAH
    ALLAH made
    made permissible
    permissible for
    for his
    his
    messenger (peae
    messenger(Peace r3eUpm
    Be lrtrn)
    Lrp(n
    Hunl whatever he likes
    whateverhe likes and he liked
    as he
    andas it And the
    liked it. revelationof
    the revelation
    the Holy Qur'an
    the Holy Qur'an hadhad been
    been completed.
    completed. So
    So complete
    complete Hajj
    Hajj and
    and Umra
    Umra for
    for ALLAH
    ALLAH had
    had
    commanded
    conmanded you you and confirm by proper
    and confirm the marriage
    conditionsthe
    proper conditions marriageof those women
    thosewomen
    (with
    (with whom you have
    whom you performedMut'ah).
    haveperformed Mut'ah). And
    And any personwho
    any person who would cometo
    would come to me
    me
    with marriageof fixed
    with aa marriage fixed duration (Mut'ah), I would
    duration(Mut'ah), would stone him to
    stonehim to death (which
    death(which is is
    the
    the penalty
    penaltyfor
    for committing
    committingfornication
    fomicationby previouslymarried
    by aa previously person).'a
    marriedperson). ,4

    Brothers
    Brothers and and sisters,
    sisters, isis there
    thereany
    any difference betweenaa woman
    differencebetween lendingher
    woman lending her
    body
    body forfor aa few
    few minutes
    minutesas asIn prostitutionor
    rn prostitution or for few days
    for aa few daysor monthsas
    or months in Mut'ah,
    asin Mut'ah,
    since
    since both
    both are temporary?Don't
    are temporary? Don't youyou think thatthe
    think that permissionof Mut'ah
    the permission today
    Mut'ah today
    would humiliate our sisters,open the doors
    would humiliate our sisters, open the doors for
    for playmates
    playmates and
    and finally
    finally destroy
    destroy the
    the
    concept
    conceptof familyfamily inin Islam?
    Islam?Remember
    Rememberthe Shee'ahscholars
    the Shee'ah high status
    scholarsof high rarely
    statusrarely
    'allow
    allow their
    their female
    female relatives
    relatives to
    to practice
    practice Mut'ah
    Mut'ah in
    in order
    order to
    to avoid
    avoid humiliation.
    humiliation. In
    In fact
    fact
    the
    the Mut' permittedoccasionally
    ah permitted
    Mut'ah occasionallybefore
    beforeits
    its final prohibitionsdid
    final prohibitions requirethe
    not require
    did not the
    female
    femaleto to be
    be aa Muslim
    Muslim or or even
    even oneonefrom
    fromthe peopleof the
    thepeople thebook
    book which makesit
    which makes
    completely
    completely distinguished from marriage.
    distinguishedfrom marriage.How could could aa Muslim legalizesuch
    Muslim legalize type
    suchaa type
    of illegal
    illegal relationship
    relationshipfor for Muslims
    Muslims or practice it himself?
    or practice Whatis
    himselfl What is the difference
    the difference
    between
    betweenfornication
    fomication today
    today and Mut'ah in
    and Mut'ah in terms
    termsof their purposes?
    theirpurposes? Aren't bothto
    Aren't both to
    satisfy
    satisfothe
    the sexual
    sexualdesires
    desiresalone?
    alone?.

    1t AI-Mahmood
    Al-Mahmoodp.
    p. 13.
    ll.
    22Muslim,
    Muslim,vol.
    vol.2, p. 707.
    2,p. 707.
    3
    'Asqalani,
    Asqaiani, vol.
    vol.9,9.pp.
    pp.164-74.
    l6zt-74.
    o
    4 Muslim,
    Muslim,vol.
    vol.2,2,pp.
    pp.610-1.
    610-I .

    25
    25
    G"ooEERr(HU,M
    GHADEER KHU'M
    Tabatabaisaid:
    Tabatabai "For Shee'ah,
    said: "For shee'ah,the the central
    centralevidence
    evidenceof ofAli's
    Ali's legitimacy
    legitimacyas
    as
    successorto
    successor to the prophet(peace
    theprophet (peaeBerloHim) isthe
    Be Upoo Him) is theevidence
    evidenceof
    ofGhadeer
    GhadeerKhu'm
    Khu'm when
    whenthe
    the
    prophet(peace
    prophet (peae Be
    Be rlo Him)
    Upoo rrim)choseAli
    chose Ali to to the "generalguardianship".
    the "general guardianship".Referring
    Refening toto aa
    bookletdevoted
    booklet devotedto tothe
    thedetails
    detailsof
    of Ghadeer
    GhadeerKhu'm,Khu'm, we
    wefind
    find the
    thefollowing:
    following: 1I

    1.L More
    Morethan
    than100,000
    100,000Companions
    companionsattended
    attended theGhadeer
    the Ghadeer Khu'm
    Khu'm address.
    address.
    2.lt took place on the
    2. It took place on the 18 of th
    18ft of the
    the Thul
    Thul Hijja
    Hrjja after
    after the "bidding farewell"
    the "bidding farewell,'
    pilgrimage of
    pilgrimage of the
    the Prophet(peace
    Prophete",o Be BeUprn
    rpmHim).
    Hnm).The
    The reason
    reason thethe Prophet
    Prophet (peace Be Upoo Him)
    @eaeBerfmgim)
    made this
    made this address
    addressat at this place was
    this place was because
    becauseALLAH
    ALLAH revealed ths verse
    revealed thIs verscat at
    GhadeerKhu'm:
    Ghadeer Khu'm: "0 apostle,deliver
    "o apostle, deliverwhat
    what has
    hasbeen
    beenrevealed
    revealedtotoyoufromyoul:
    you from yout
    Lord; and
    Lord,. ond if you do
    if you do not
    not do
    do itit then you have
    thenyou havenot
    not delivered
    deliveredHisHismessage,.
    message;and and
    ALLAH will
    ALLAH protectyou
    will protect you from the people,'.2
    thepeople".2
    3. Therefore,
    3. Therefore, the
    the Prophet(Peace Be Upon Him) made
    Proph€tpeaeBeLrpmHiml made these
    these announcements:
    announcements:
    •o that
    that hehe was
    was leaving
    leaving forfor Muslims
    Muslims two two most precious things:
    most precious 'one is the
    things: 'one is the
    book of God;
    book God,oneoneendendof which
    whichis is in
    in the
    thehands
    handsof GodGodand
    andthe
    theother
    otherisis in
    in your
    your
    hands.And
    hands. And the
    thesecond
    secondvaluable
    valuablethingthing isismy
    my descendants'.
    descendants'. 'God has informed
    'God has informed
    me that
    me that both
    both of these
    thesethings
    thingswill never
    neverseparate
    separatefrom
    from each
    eachother
    othertill they
    they reach
    reach
    me at
    me at the
    the Fountain
    Fountainof Kausar'
    Kausar'. .
    •o Taking
    Taking Ali's hand hand andand raising
    raising it he he said, 'of whomsoever I am master
    said, 'of whomsoever am master
    (mawla),Ali is
    (mawla), is his
    his master
    masteror or mawla
    mawlatoo'. too'.
    •. The
    The Prophet(Peace
    Prophets""*Be BeUprn
    rtomHim)
    nim)also said: '0
    also said: 'O my God, be a friend of his who is a
    God, be a friend his who is a
    friend of Ali
    friend Ali and
    and treat
    treat him like aa foe
    foe hehe who opposes
    opposesAli. Help themthem who help help
    Ali and abandonthem
    and abandon them who
    who gogo against
    against Ali'.
    Ali' .
    o 'O
    • And he he said:
    said: '0 my lord,
    lord, whichever
    whichever way Ali Ali turns
    turns orient
    orient the
    the right in the
    the same
    same
    direction'.
    direction' .

    Now,.let
    Now,.let us discover
    discover what the Muslim
    Muslim scholars
    scholars say:3
    say:3
    l.1. According
    According to Shee'ah
    Shee'ah sources,
    sources, only a handful
    handful of
    of Companions
    Companions (less
    (less that
    that l0
    10 at a
    maximum)
    maximum) did not break covenant with the prophet
    break their covenant Prophet sp",*
    (peace *.4-
    Be Upoo r*;.4
    Him).4

    The
    The 100,000
    100,000 companions
    companions who
    who heard
    heard the address plotted
    the address plotted to
    to deprive
    deprive Ali
    Ali of
    ofhis
    his
    right
    right to to be
    be the
    the successor
    successor of the Prophet
    dfthe Prophet @eaeBellorlin).
    (peace Be Upon Him). What
    What is
    is the
    the probability
    probability ofof
    this to have
    this to have happened?
    happened? ForFor what
    what benefit
    benefit would
    would thisthis overwhelming
    overwhelming mEority
    majority do
    do
    that? IfIfyou
    that? you read
    read the
    the non-shee'ah
    non-Shee'ah sources,
    sources, you will find
    you will find no
    no reason
    reason atat all.
    all.

    'Najafi, pp.
    1 Najafi, pp. 9-19:
    9-19: Tabatabai,
    Tabatabai, pp.
    pp. 178-218.
    178-218.
    2 Holy qur'an:
    2 Holy Qur'an: Chapter
    Chapter 55verse
    verse 62.
    67.
    3 For detailed
    3 For detailedcomments
    comments refer
    referto
    toMinhaj,
    Minhaj, in
    in Ibn
    IbnTaymiyah, pp. g,l-7
    volA, pp.
    Taymiyah, vol.4, 84-7.
    a Shariatipp. 28-30;
    4 Shariati pp. 28-30;A-estari
    N-Askari pp.34-43.
    pp. 34-43.

    26
    26
    th
    The Ghadeer
    2.The
    2. Ghadeer Khu'm address placeon the
    addresstook place 186 of Thul Hijja
    the 18 Hrjja month,
    month, the
    the
    same year as
    same year as the
    the Prophet's "bidding farewell"
    emuin)"bidding
    Prophet's(peaooBeUpooHim)
    ireaeBe pilgrimage.On the
    farewell" pilgrimage. the
    th
    99ft of the
    the same
    same month
    month the
    the Prophet
    Prophet (peaoo Be Upoo Him) received
    rpeeBelfmHim) receivedthe
    the last
    last verse
    versewhich
    which
    says: "This day
    says'."This have perfected
    day I have your religion,
    perfectedyour religion, completed
    completedmymyfavors uponyou
    favors upon you
    and
    and I have
    hqve chosen
    chosen Islam
    Islam to
    to be
    be your religion"
    religion" l
    1 How could
    could a
    a verse
    verse which
    which asks
    asks
    the
    the Prophet qe""*Be
    Prophet (peaoo B€Upoo Hin)to convey
    rhmHim) conveythe the message
    messagefollow this this concluding verse,
    concludingverse,
    th
    especially
    especially after
    after the
    the crowd
    crowd of the "bidding
    the "bidding farewell" (on the 9e
    sermon(on the 9 of Thul
    farewell" sermon Thul
    Hijja)
    Hrjja) hadhad already
    alreadyattested
    attestedthe
    the Prophet (peaeBerlmr{im)
    Prophet(peace BeUpoo Him) and
    and conveyed
    conveyedthe message?
    the message?
    matter of fact,
    As aa matter fact, chapter
    chapter 5 verse
    verse67 67 of the
    the Qur'an
    Qur'an was
    was revealed
    revealed before
    before the
    the
    Khaibar
    Khaibar expedition,
    expedition, the conquest of Mecca
    the conquest Mecca and and the farewell"
    the "bidding farewell"
    pilgrimage.
    pilgrimage.
    3.
    3. The
    The acclaimed
    acclaimed announcement
    announcementof the the Prophet (p""oBe
    Prophet (peaoo L[tnHim)
    BeUpon Him)in the and
    the way and
    context
    context that
    that the
    the Shee'ah
    Shee'ahscholars
    scholarsmentioned
    mentionedwas was aa blatant
    blatantlie,lie, as Taymiyah
    as Ibn Taymiyah
    emphasized:
    emphasized:
    •o The
    The authenticated 'two most preciousthings' (al-Thaqalayn)
    authenticatedoriginal Hadeethof 'two
    original Hadeeth most precious things' (al-Thaqalayn)
    'I
    says:'I am
    says: you
    am leaving
    leavingamong
    amongyou two valuable
    valuablethings:
    things : the
    the first
    first one
    one being
    being the
    the book
    book
    of ALLAH
    ALLAH in which there is
    which there is the
    the right guidanceand
    right guidance and light,
    light, soso hold
    hold fast the
    fast to the
    book of ALLAH
    book ALLAH and and adhere
    adhere toto it'. He
    He extorted
    extortedus (Zaid Ibn
    us (Zaid Ibn al-Arqam said)to
    al-Arqam said)
    hold 'The
    hold fast
    fast toto the
    the book
    book of ALLAH
    ALLAH and andthen
    thensaid
    saidthe
    the Prophet
    Prophet(PeaooBeUpooHim):
    @eaeBertomuim): 'The
    second
    secondare are the
    the members
    members of my my household.
    household.I remind
    remindyou you to to observe ALLAH in
    observeALLAH tn
    treating
    treating them,.2
    them'.2 The householdof the
    The household the Prophet peaeBerlonim)
    Prophet(Peaoo Be Upoo Him) as
    as was previously
    was previously
    explained
    explainedincludes
    includes all
    all his
    his wives,
    wives,Ali, Ageel,
    Ageel,Ja'far,
    Ja'far,Abbas
    Abbasand andtheir
    their offsprings.
    offsprings.
    Did the
    the Prophet (peae
    Prophet (Peace BeUpon
    Be Him)say
    rh.EHim) say stick
    stick to
    to my family
    family as you stick
    as you stick to
    to the
    the Holy
    Qur'an?
    Qur'an? Certainly
    Certainly he he did
    did not.
    not. He
    He asked muslimsto
    askedmuslims to be
    be kind
    kind to
    to all
    all his
    his household,
    household,
    not just Ali or the
    not the 12 Imams of the
    12Imams the Shee'ah
    Shee'ahscholars.
    scholars.If the
    the HADEETH indicates
    HADEETH indicates
    any
    any special power or
    specialpower privilege for
    or privilege for his
    his household,
    household,then then wewe should praisethe
    shouldpraise the
    Abasid
    Abasid Ca'lee'phahs,
    Ca'lee'phahs,thethe offspring
    offspringof Abbas.
    Abbas.Why thendo
    Why then do the
    the Shee'ah
    Shee'ahscholars
    scholars
    curse
    cursethem
    them instead?
    instead?
    •o The
    The last part of the
    last part the claimed
    claimedHADEETH
    HADEETH "is also alsoaalie",Ibn
    lie", Ibn Taymiyah
    Taymiyahassured,
    assured,
    whether the
    whether the Prophet's peaeBerrpcnuim)
    Prophet's (Peaco Be Up"" Him) said:
    'of whomsoever
    said: 'of whomsoeverI am am "mawla", Ali is
    his "mawla" or
    his "mawla" or not".
    not". Ibn
    Ibn Taymiyah
    Taymiyahassuredassuredus that it is
    us that is definitely
    definitelyrejected this
    rejectedin this
    context
    context and
    and thethe majority
    majority of HADEETH
    FIADEETH scientists rejected it completely.
    scientistsrejected completely.
    Assuming
    Assumingthatthat the
    the Prophet Be Upon Him) uttered
    (peaeBer!,nHim)
    Prophet(Peaco utteredit, what
    what thenthen is
    is special
    specialabout
    aboutit?'
    The
    The Holy Qur'an,
    Qur'an, addressing
    addressingthe the Prophet
    Prophetsays:
    says:"ALLAH
    " ALLAH is his mawla,mawla, so so is
    Gabriel and so
    Gabriel so are thethe righteous believers".3 The
    righteous believers".3 righteous believers
    The righteous are
    believers are
    certainly
    certainly not not the
    the master
    masterof the prophetbut
    the prophet but friends
    friendsand
    and supporters.
    supporters.If If the Prophet
    the Prophet
    (peae
    (peaoo BcUpon
    Be LtomHim)had
    Him) had said: "of
    said: "of whomsoever
    whomsoever I am am "wali", Ali is his "wali", then it
    his "wali", then
    would
    would have probablymeant
    haveprobably meantmaster guardian.Furthermore,
    masteror guardian. Furthermore,the prophet(Peaoo
    the prophet (pea€B€
    Be

    ' Holy
    Holy Qur'an:
    1 Qur'an: Chapter
    Chapter55 verse
    verse3.
    3
    2
    2 Muslim
    Muslim vol. pp. 1286-7.
    vol. 4 pp. 1286-7.
    'Holy
    3 qur'an: 66
    Holy Qur'an: 66 verse
    verse4.
    4.

    27
    27
    rlm
    Upm Hin) did not
    Him) did not say
    say that
    that Ali
    Ali was
    was tO to bebe "mawla"
    "mawla" or or "wali"
    "wali" after
    after his
    his death.
    death. The
    The
    argument of
    argument of the Shee'ah
    Shee'ah scholars
    scholars seem
    seem to to be
    be nonsense,
    nonsense, especially
    especially when
    when we we read
    read
    the authenticated
    the authenticated HADEETH
    HADEETH indicating
    indicating the
    the prophet's
    prophet's @eae
    (peace Be
    Be (bm
    Upon Him)
    Him)

    "suggestions"
    "suggestions" for Abu
    Abu Bakr, Omar and Othman as his
    Omar and Othman as his respective respective successors
    successors
    (successively). (Bukhari and
    (successively). and Muslim, chapters
    chapters on on the
    the virnres
    virtues of^these
    of-these three).
    three).
    •. The
    The HADEETH scientists scientists consider
    consider this statement
    statement claimed
    claimed byby Shee'ah
    Shee'ah scholars
    scholars
    as aa lie.
    as lie. Even
    Even by glancing
    glancing at its meaning,
    meaning, itit doesdoes not
    not indicate
    indicate anyany special
    special
    advantage to
    advantage Ali. Ali. The Prophet
    Proph€t peaeBeupmrmr
    (Peace Be Upon Him) had prayed
    prayed for many
    many believers
    believers all
    all
    sorts ofprayers
    sorts of prayers on various
    various occasions.
    occasions.
    •o Just glancing at this
    Just by glancing statement, a Muslim is quick to recognize
    this statement, recognize that that the
    the
    statement
    statement is a blatant
    blatant lie which was
    was forged
    forged without even
    even giving it
    it any
    any thought.
    thought.
    What is this
    What this "right"
    "right" (Haqq)
    (Haqq) which follows the decisions decisions that Ali Ali makes, makes,
    opinions
    opinions thatthat hehe gives,
    gives, and
    and the
    the whims
    whims that
    that come
    come to his mind?
    mind? IfIf thethe lie werewere to
    say: 'direct Ali to follow the then it would seem
    say: 'direct Ali the right
    right (Haqq)
    (Haqq) wherever
    wherever right
    right is' then seem
    to be
    be logical.
    logical.
    Nevertheless,
    Nevertheless,Tabatabai,
    Tabatabai, arguing
    arguing the the necessity
    necessity of the hereditary system
    the hereditary system of of
    C'laph'ah, 'the everything possible destroy it
    possible to destroy
    C'laph'ah, said: said: 'the enemies
    enemiesof IslamIslam whowho did
    did everything
    thought that
    thoughtthat since since the
    the protector
    protector of Islam was the Prophet
    lslamwastheProphet(peaeBeltomnimlafterhis
    (Peace Be Upon Him), after his
    death,
    death, Islam
    Islam would
    would be be left
    left without
    without aa guide
    guide and and would thus
    leader and
    and leader thus definitely
    definitely
    perish.
    perish. ButBut in Ghadeer
    GhadeerKhu'm,
    Khu'm, their
    their wishes brought to naught
    were brought
    wishes were naught and and the
    the
    Prophet
    Prophet (peae
    (Peace BerJp<n
    Be Upon presented
    Him)presented
    Him) Ali as a
    as a guide
    guide and
    and leader
    leader of Islam
    Islam to the
    the people.
    people.
    After
    After Ali,
    Ali. this
    this burdensome
    burdensomeand and necessary
    necessaryduty guide and
    duty of guide leaderwas
    and leader was left upon
    upon
    the
    the shoulder
    shoulderof his his family'.
    family'.I1 Tabatabai,
    Tabatabai,the the recent prominent Shee'ah
    recent prominent Shee'ah scholar scholar
    contradicts
    contradictshimself
    himself in the the same
    samebook. book. In In the
    the first pages,he
    first pages, describesthe
    he describes the Imam
    Imam
    including
    includingAli as ashelpless
    helplessand
    andbeing
    beingoppressed
    oppressed by the muslimCa'lee'phahs
    the muslim Ca'lee'phahsand andin
    this
    this argument
    argument says saysthat
    that ALLAH
    ALLAH has chosenthem
    haschosen protectIslam
    them to protect Islam as
    as well as guide
    as guide
    and
    and lead leadthe
    theMuslim
    Muslim Ummah.
    Ummah.If they they could
    couldnot protectthemselves,
    not protect themselves, how couldthey
    how could they
    ever
    ever protect
    protect Islam
    Islam andandlead
    leadthetheMuslim
    MushmUmmah?Ummah?Or Or isis this
    this an indirectaccusation
    an mdirect accusation
    that
    that ALLAH
    ALLAH did did not
    not make
    makethetheright
    right choice (mayALLAH forgive
    choice(may forgiveme). Indeed,the
    me). Indeed, the
    Shee'ah scholars,to
    Shee'ahscholars, to argue
    arguetheir
    theirbias,
    bias,did not mind
    did not accusingthe
    mind accusing the Prophet (peaatseUptn
    Prophet(Peace Be Upon

    and
    ni-r snd the
    Him) the great
    great soldier
    soldier of
    of Islam
    Islam as
    as being
    being unfair
    unfair and
    and of being
    being disloyal.
    disloyal. Even
    Even their
    their
    Imams
    Imamswere were accused
    accusedof of being
    beingcowards
    cowardsto to the degreethat
    thedegree thatthey
    theyconsidered pretense
    consideredpretense
    and
    and lying
    lying (TUQ'YAH)
    (TUQ'YAH) as
    as nine-tenths
    nine-tenths of
    of the
    the religion.
    religion.
    said : 'The'The Ca'lee'phahsbeforeme did
    AA Shee'ah
    Shee'ah scholar
    scholarclaimed
    claimedthat Ali said:
    thatAli Ca'lee'phahs before me did
    things
    thingswhichwhichconsciously
    consciouslywent went against
    againstthe the dictates
    dictatesof of the
    theholy (pcae
    Prophet(Peace
    holy Prophet Be
    Be ttp@
    Up,m Him)
    Him)

    of
    of ALLAH.
    ALLAH. They Theybroke
    broketheir
    theircovenant
    covenantwith him and
    with him changed
    andchanged his his SU'N'AH'. Now
    ifif II force
    forcethe
    thepeople
    peopleto giveup
    to give upthose thingsand
    thosethings restorethe
    andrestore theaffairs
    affairsas they had
    asthey been
    hadbeen
    in
    in the
    the days
    days ofof the
    theProphet (peaaBettomHim), my army will be scattered
    Prophet(Peace Be Upon Him), my army will be scattered away from me, away from me,
    leaving
    leavingme me alone
    aloneand and helpless....
    helpless....In In short,
    short,if!if I try
    try to to make
    makethe peoplefollow
    the people followthe the
    commands
    commandsof ALLAH of ALLAH and
    and His
    His Holy
    Holy Proph€t
    Prophet lpeaeBe
    (Peace Be L[mHi-y,
    Upon Him), they
    they wrll
    will leave
    leave me
    me and
    and

    I
    tTabatabai
    Tabatabai p.p.179.
    179

    28
    28
    wanderaway'.
    wander away'.I gleatwarrior
    Ali, aagreat
    1 Ali, waniorof ofIslam
    Islamand
    andananexcellent
    excellent muslim
    muslimisisdescribed
    described
    here as
    here asifif he
    hebelieved
    believedthat
    thatworldly
    worldlypower powerwas wasbetter
    befferthan
    thantototeach
    teachtrue
    trueIslam.
    Islam.He
    Heisis
    afraidof
    afraid of becoming
    becomingalone!
    alone!Blind
    Blindbias biascan
    cancause
    causemore
    morethan
    thanthat.
    that.Instead
    lnsteadof
    ofpraising
    praising
    the beloved,
    the beloved,the theextreme
    extremebias
    biasleads leadsto
    tocasting
    castingcardinal
    cardinalaccusations
    accusationsunwittingly.As
    unwittingly. As
    Ibn Taymiyah 'The
    putsit:it: 'The worst
    indeedputs
    Ibn Taymiyah indeed worstcalamity
    calamityto
    tohit
    hitthe
    theShee'ah
    Shee'ahImams
    lmamswaswasto
    to
    have such
    have suchscholars
    scholarsas
    astheir
    theirsupporters'.
    supporters'.

    'Al-askaripp.37-41
    1 Al-askari pp. 37-41.

    29
    29
    Co*"LUSIoN
    CONCLUSION
    Finally and
    Finally and in
    in brief,
    brief, because
    because of ofthe lack of
    the lack evidences in
    reasonable evidences
    ofreasonable the Holy
    in the Holy
    Qur'an and
    Qur'an and the
    the SU'N'AH'
    SU'N'AH' of ofthe Prophet (peace BeUpm Him) that support the claims of
    the Prophet (p€s@BerDmnim) that support the claims of
    the Shee'ah
    the Shee'ah scholars,
    scholars, they
    they usually
    usually resort
    resort to
    to the
    the following
    following techniques
    techniques to
    to rationalize
    rationalize
    their biased
    their biased versions ofIslam
    versions of Islam as
    as follows:
    follows:
    1. Claiming that
    l.Claiming that the
    the Holy
    Holy Qur'an
    Qur'an is is not
    not complete and is
    complete and corrupted. This
    is comrpted. This allegation,
    allegation,
    although denied
    although denied or or excluded
    excluded byby the
    the Shee'ah scholars in
    Shee'ah scholars in their public propagation
    their public propagation
    of Shee'ahism,
    of Shee'ahism, still
    still exists
    eists in
    in their
    their most
    most trustworthy
    trustworthy sources.
    sources.
    2. Inventing many
    Z.lnventrng many "FIADEETHs"
    "HADEETHs" or or distorting context or
    the context
    distorting the content of
    or content of the
    the
    prophet's
    prophet's HADEETH. This is either
    either used
    used as
    as a complimentary
    complimentary means
    means to falsifu
    falsify
    Qur'an verses
    the Holy Qur'an verses or to independently argue bias.
    independently argue bias.
    3. Inventing or adulterating
    3.lnventing context or content
    adulterating the context of the historical
    content of events and
    historical events and
    stories to use
    stories use them
    them in comrpting
    corrupting the the Holy Qur'an
    of the
    meanings of
    the meanings or the
    the
    SU'N'AH'
    SU'N'AH' ofthe
    of the Prophet
    Prophet (peace BeUpoo Him).
    @eaeBerfmlrim).
    4. Filtering
    4. Filtering these
    these comrption
    corruption into the non-Shee'ah scholars'
    the non-Shee'ah order to use
    scholars' works in order use
    them later in supporting
    them later supporting their claims.
    claims. These
    These xe
    are cited
    cited even
    even if
    if they
    they were
    were refuted
    refuted or
    recorded indiscriminately
    just recorded indiscriminately to include informations available
    include all informations available for purposes
    purposes
    of the total
    the total record.
    record.
    Brothers
    Brothers and and sisters,
    sisters, the cornerstoneof the
    the cornerstone faith claims
    Shee'ah faith
    the Shee'ah that
    claims that
    ALLAH
    ALLAH assignedassignedAliAli as
    asthe successorofthe
    the successor Prophetrr**Betb{auin).
    of the Prophet(PeaceBeUpmHim). If we
    If we check this
    checkthis
    claim
    claim against
    against the
    the historical
    historicalfacts
    factswhich
    which confirms that
    confirmsthat Ali did not sacrifice himself,
    did not sacrifice himself,
    as it
    as was was expected
    expected of a
    a person
    person of his
    his quality
    quality to
    to carry
    carry out
    out the commandmentof
    the commandment
    ALLAH,
    ALLAH. the the result
    resultwill definitely
    definitelybe be one
    oneof these
    thesethree possibilities:l
    threepossibilities: 1

    1. Ali, the
    l.Ali, the pious
    pious companion,
    companion, willingly disobeyed ALLAH and
    disobeyedALLAH and betrayed the
    betrayed the
    prophet(Peace
    prophetlr""oBe B€Upoo Him) by
    npdrrin) by claiming
    claimingthat
    thathis judgmentand
    hisjudgment andwisdom werebetter
    wisdomwere than
    betterthan
    ALLAH'S, (may ALLAH
    ALLAH'S, (may ALLAH forbid). forbid).
    2. Ali, the
    z.Lli, the great
    great warrior
    warrior of of Islam,
    Islam, unwillingly disobeyedthe
    unwillingly disobeyed commandmentof
    the commandment of
    ALLAH, becausehe was a coward and his fear
    ALLAH, because he was a coward and his fear of
    of people
    people was
    was greater
    greater than
    than his
    his
    fear
    fearof
    ofALLAH,
    ALLAH, the theAll-Mighty (m"y ALLAH
    All-Miehty (may forbid).
    ALLAH forbid).
    3. The cornerstone
    3.The cornerstone of
    of the
    the Shee'ah faith isis false
    Shee'ahfaith false and as well
    baselessas
    and baseless as its
    well as its
    dimensions
    dimensionsand
    andtheir
    theirevidences.
    evidences.
    Our
    Our dear
    dearbrothers, sisters
    brothers,sisters andfriends, haveiust
    wehave
    andfriends,we presented
    just presented to
    to
    you
    you thefacts
    thefactsto
    toprove
    pfove that
    that the
    theShee'ah aredifferentfrom
    Shee'ahare Muslims.
    dilfetentfrom Muslims.

    1 tSee pp.
    SeeAmerebrahim Pp. 7-22
    Amerebrahim 7-22.

    30
    30
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