Professional Documents
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1. The ummah should make duaa for the oppressive rulers and ask
Allah to make them become just and righteous rulers because when
the ruler becomes righteous, the ummah becomes safe from their evil,
oppression and tyranny. This duaa for the oppressive Muslim leaders
should be made as opposed to making duaa for the oppressive ruler’s
destruction and removal.
Imam Al-Barbahari states, “If you see a man supplicating against the
ruler, know that he is a person of desire (meaning a person from Ahlu
Bidah), and if you see a man supplicating for the ruler, know that he
is a Sunni (meaning from Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jamaah) inshallah.”
(Sharh Al-Sunnah p113, 114)
Fudayl Ibn Iyaad (d.187H) said, “If I had a supplication that would be
answered, I would not make it, except for the ruler. Because when the
ruler becomes righteous, the towns and the servants become safe and
secure.” Refer to Hilyatul-Awliyaa (8/91-92).
Imaam Ahmad Ibn Hanbal (d.241H) said, “Verily I supplicate for the
ruler, for his correctness, success and support – night and day – and I
see this as being obligatory upon me.’’ Refer to as-Sunnah (no. 14) of
Aboo Bakr al-Khallaal. The ruler in the time of Imam Ahmed torched
him and imprisoned him because he believed the Quran was the
speech of Allah (correct opinion) and told the Muslims that. However
the ruler wanted him to believe the Quran was created and tell, the
Muslims that. So the leader in the time of Imam Ahmed was a tyrant
who even oppressed him but he still would make duaa for him and
not against him.
2. The ummah should ask those who have the ability to advice the
leader to advice him about how he is mistreating the people. Those
from among the governments of the Muslim lands, scholars and other
influential Muslims should advice the ruler. Both groups of people
should do this instead of back biting (i.e. speaking the truth about the
rulers personal affairs which have nothing to do with his leadership)
and slandering (i.e. telling lies about the ruler, adding lies to the truth
when speaking about the ruler and twisting the truth about the
leader) the ruler publicly or privately.
It is authentically reported from the Messenger of Allah Muhammad
in the a longer hadeeth of Iyaad Ibn Ghunum who said, "The
Messenger of Allah Muhammad said, "Whoever desires to
advise the one with authority then he should not do so
openly, rather he should take him by the hand and take
him into seclusion (and then advise him). And if he
accepts (the advice) from him then (he has achieved his
objective) and if not, then he has fulfilled that which was a
duty upon him." Reported by Ahmad (3/403) and Ibn Abee
'Aasim in Kitaabus-Sunnah (2/251): ‘‘Chapter: How are the
leaders of the common-folk to be advised?’’ (2/521) with a
Saheeh isnad and it was authenticated by Shaykh al-
Albaanee in Dhilaalul-Jannah fee Takhreejis-Sunnah (no.
1096).
In Aqeedah at-Tahawiyah of Imam Tahawi it says “When changing
the evil of the rulers, then this should be done by the scholars and not
openly as is mentioned by a clear Ahaadeeth of the Prophet “When
you wish to correct the sultan then take him by the hand in secret and
advise him.””
Imam Maalik Ibn Anas (d.179H) said, “The right of every Muslim
whom Allah has blessed with something of knowledge and
understanding (fiqh), is that he enters upon the ruler to command
him with goodness, and to prohibit him from evil, and to admonish
him.” Refer to Tarteebul-Madaarik (1/207-208) of al-Qaadee ’Iyaad.
Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan said: ‘I came to Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa and
his eyes were covered, so I greeted him. He said to me: Who are you?
So I said: I am Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan. He (Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa)
said, So what was done with your father? I (Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan)
said to him. The Azaariqah (a branch of the Khawarij, followers of
Naafi’ Ibnul-Azraq al-Khaarijee) killed him. May Allaah curse the
Azaariqah! May Allaah curse the Azaariqah! He (Abdullaah Ibn Abee
Awfaa) said, The Messenger of Allah has informed us that they are the
‘dogs of the Hellfire.’ So I (Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan) said: The Azaariqah
alone, or all of the Khawaarij? He (Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa) said:
Yes, all of the Khawaarij. So I (Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan) said: Verily the
ruler is oppressing the people and affecting them. He said (Abdullaah
Ibn Abee Awfaa): So give him your hand, and connect your hand to
his firmly. Then he (Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa) said …If the ruler
will listen to you, then go to his house and inform him of what you
know. So he may accept from you, but if not, then leave him; since
you do not know more than him (about his subjects).’’’ This incident
was reported by Ahmad (4/3272-372), it was authenticated by Shaykh
al-Albaanee in Dhilaalul-Jannah (no. 508).
Al-Barbahaaree (d. 329H) said, "It is not permissible to fight the ruler
or rebel against him even if he oppresses. This is due to the saying of
the Messenger of Allah to Abu Dharr al Ghifaaree, "Have patience,
even if he (ruler) is an Abyssinian slave." Reported by,
Muslim. The prophet said ‘Abyssinian slave’ not to be raciest or
because he was raciest. He only said this because in his time the
hardest thing for the Arabs to handle would have been being ruled by
a non-Arab or a slave. Having a ruler that was both (a slave and a
non-Arab) it would be very hard for the Arabs to not revolt and rebel
against this type of ruler whether he was good or bad so this is why
the prophet told the sahaba to have patience with this situation or any
similar situation where in they dislike the ruler whether it be because
he is a tyrant, a non-Arab or a slave.
The prophet also said to the Ansaar (the Muslims who lived in
Medina by the other Muslim came from Mecca and the surrounding
areas.) when talking about having patient with rulers, "Have
patience until you meet me at the pool (this is the pool that
Allah will give to the prophet for the Muslims to drink
from on the day of resurrection)." Reported by Bukhari
Umar Ibn Yazeed said: I heard al-Hasan al-Basree (who was from the
greatest of the salaf (early generations of Muslims) during the days of
Yazeed Ibnul-Mahlab, and there came to him a group of people
(asking about revolting and fighting against the sinful ruler of that
time). So he commanded them to stay in their houses and to close
their doors. Then he said: ‘‘By Allah! If the people had patience when
they were being tested by their unjust ruler, it will not be long before
Allah will make a way out for them. However, they always rush for
their swords, so they are left to their swords. By Allah! Not even for a
single say did they bring about any good.’’ It is related by Ibn Sa’d in
at-Tabaqaat (8/164), and by Ibn Abee Haatim in his Tafseer (3/178).
Ibn Umar reported that the Prophet said, "A Muslim man
must hear and obey both in respect of what he likes and
dislikes, unless he is commanded to do a wrong action. If
he is commanded to do a wrong action, he should not hear
or obey". Recorded by Bukhari and Muslim
I ask Allah to give this ummah righteous rulers, make the ones we
have become righteous and to give the rulers pious subjects in the
future and to give those subjects who under the Muslim rulers of
today and those who leave under the disbelieving rulers of the kufr
lands the ability to become pious as soon as possible. Ameen.
End.
Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan said: ‘I came to Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa and his eyes were covered, so I greeted
him. He said to me: Who are you? So I said: I am Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan. He (Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa)
said, So what was done with your father? I (Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan) said to him. The Azaariqah (a branch
of the Khawarij, followers of Naafi’ Ibnul-Azraq al-Khaarijee) killed him. May Allaah curse the
Azaariqah! May Allaah curse the Azaariqah! The Messenger of Allah has informed us that they are the
‘dogs of the Hellfire.’ He (Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa) said: So I (Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan) said: The
Azaariqah alone, or all of the Khawaarij? He (Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa) said: Yes, all of the Khawaarij.
So I (Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan) said: Verily the ruler is oppressing the people and affecting them. He said
(Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa), So give him your hand, and connect your hand to his firmly. Then he
(Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa) said, “Woe to you O Ibn Jumhaan! Stick to the Suwaadul-A’dtham, stick to
the Suwaadul-A’dtham! If the ruler will listen to you, then go to his house and inform him of what you
know. So he may accept from you, but if not, then leave him; since you do not know more than him.’’’
This incident was reported by Ahmad (4/3272-372), it was authenticated by Shaykh al-Albaanee in
Dhilaalul-Jannah (no. 508). ’Abdullaah Ibn Ahmad (d.290H) – rahimahullaah – with an authentic
chain of narrators going back to Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan who said: “The Khawaarij used to call upon me,
until I was about to enter along with them. So I saw the sister of Aboo Bilaal in a dream, where Aboo
Bilaal was a black hairy dog, and his eyes were filled with tears. He said: So she said: You are with my
father O Abaa Bilaal! What is it from your affairs that I see you like this? He said: ‘‘After you, we were
made into dogs of the Fire.’’ And Aboo Bilaal was from amongst the leaders of the Khawaarij.’’ Refer to
as-Sunnah (no. 1509).
Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan said to Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa in a authenticated narration by Shaykh al-
Albaanee in Dhilaalul-Jannah (no. 508). “The Azaariqah (a branch of the Khawarij, followers of Naafi’
Ibnul-Azraq al-Khaarijee) killed him (Sa’eeds dad). May Allah curse the Azaariqah! May Allah curse the
Azaariqah!” He (Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa) said, The Messenger of Allah has informed us that they are
the ‘dogs of the Hellfire.’ So I (Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan) said: The Azaariqah alone, or all of the Khawaarij?
He (Abdullaah Ibn Abee Awfaa) said: Yes, all of the Khawaarij. This was part of a longer incident which
was reported by Ahmad (4/3272-372), it was authenticated by Shaykh al-Albaanee in Dhilaalul-Jannah
(no. 508).
Abdullaah Ibn Ahmad (d.290H) – rahimahullaah – with an authentic chain of narrators going back to
Sa’eed Ibn Jumhaan who said: “The Khawaarij used to call upon me, until I was about to enter along
with them. So I saw the sister of Aboo Bilaal in a dream, where Aboo Bilaal was a black hairy dog, and
his eyes were filled with tears. He said: So she said: You are with my father O Abaa Bilaal! What is it
from your affairs that I see you like this? He said: ‘‘After you, we were made into dogs of the Fire.’’ And
Aboo Bilaal was from amongst the leaders of the Khawaarij.’’ Refer to as-Sunnah (no. 1509).