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lËZf¿
N o r m al Salin
Normal S al i n e
R
R
- P IA 0.0625
R-PIA
- P IA 0.125
R-PIA
m g /k g
0 .0 6 2 5 mg/kg
m g /kg
0 .1 2 5 mg/kg
†Ë» Ê]M Z» ½Â»M
½Z» 0/0625 -0/125 mg/kg ÉZŁÁ{ Ç{Á|v» { R-PIA
LL-NAME
- N A M E 100 m g /kg
1 0 0 mg/kg
LL-NAME
- N A M E 100 m g / k g + R - P IA
1 0 0 mg/kg+R-PIA 0 .0 6 2mg/kg
0.0625 5 m g /kg
LL-NAME
- N A M E 100 m g / k g + L - Ar 64.6
1 0 0 mg/kg+L-Arg g 6 4 mg/kg
.6 m g /k g
LL-Arg
- A r g 64.6
LL-Arg
6 4 .6 mg/kg+R-PIA
- A r g 64.6
m g / k g + R - P IA
6 4 .6 mg/kg
m g /kg
0.0625
0 .0 6 2mg/kg
5 m g /kg { €f¼¯ Á{ { Á ZŁÁ Ê»Z¼e { ÓZ] Á{ { Y °‡ ¾f§ZË
.(2 ,1 Y{¼¿) {Y{ ŠËY‚§Y ZŁÁ €j¯Y
30
Latency Time (Sec)

*** ***
20
* ¾f§ZË ½Z» ŠËY‚§Y hŸZ] 100mg/kgÁ{ Z] L-NAME
10 Ä] 64/6 mg/kg Á{ Z] L-Arg .|‹ ZŁÁ Ê»Z¼e { °‡

0
ŠÅZ¯ hŸZ] Ê·Á d‹Y|¿ °‡ ¾f§ZË ÉÁ €] ɀiY ÊËZÆÀe

{€¨À» c Ä] R-PIA Á L-NAME ,L-Arg €iY ʇ€] :2 Y{¼¿ .(2 ,1 Y{¼¿) |‹ R-PIA Á L-NAME€iY
Ê]M Z» ‰Á Ä] ‰Â»M ºnÀa Á { c ɀ̳{ZË Á Ĝ§Zu €] ¹YÂe Á Normal Saline
Normal Salin
{Y|¿Zf‡Y ¥Y€v¿Y +°‡ ¾f§ZË ½Z» ¾Ì´¿ZÌ» c Ä] ZÅ Ã{Y{ .†Ë» R-PIA0.0625
R-PIA mg/k
0.0625 g
mg/kg
Z] ĈËZ¬» ,Tukey-Kramer ½Â»M .d‡Y Ã|‹ Ã{Y{ ŠËZ¼¿ c 6 R-PIA0.125
R-PIA mg/k
0.125 g
mg/kg

*** p< 0/05 ,*p< 0/001:¾Ì·Z‡ µZ»€¿ L-NAME100100

L-NAME mg/kg
mg/kg

(Open field activity) Z] Ä^ m ½Â»M L-NAME100mg/kg+R-PIA0.0625 mg/kg

L-NAME 100 mg/kg+R-PIA 0.0625 mg/kg
100
L-NAME100100
L-NAME mg/kg+L-Arg64.664.6
mg/kg+L-Arg mg/k g
mg/kg
dÌ·Z § ŠÅZ¯ \m» ɁZ] — Ä] Á{ Á{ €Å { R-PIA L-Arg64.6mg/kg+R-PIA0.0625mg/kg
L-Arg 64.6 mg/kg+R-PIA 0.0625 mg/kg

.(3 Y{¼¿) |‹ (ʘÌv» cZ¯€u Á cZ¯€u ¶¯) Êf¯€u L-Arg64.6

L-Arg mg/k
64.6 g
mg/kg
75
Latency Time (Sec)

Normal
Normal Salin
Saline
R-PIA
R-PIA 0.0625
0.0625 mg/kg
mg/kg
R-PIA
R-PIA 0.125
0.125 mg/kg
mg/kg
L-NAME
L-NAME 100100 mg/kg
mg/kg
L-NAME
L-NAME 100100 mg/kg+R-PIA
mg/kg+R-PIA 0.0625 mg/kg
0.0625 mg/kg
L-NAME
L-NAME 100100 mg/kg+L-Arg
mg/kg+L-Arg 64.6 mg/kg
64.6 mg/kg 50
L-Arg
L-Arg 64.6 mg/kg+R-PIA
64.6 0.0625mg/kg
mg/kg+R-PIA 0.0625 mg/kg
L-Arg
L-Arg64.6 mg/kg
64.6 mg/kg

75

25
Number of Entrance

50
***
*** ***
*** *** ***
*** ***
25 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Day
Day
0
TL PL CL

{€¨À» c Ä] R-PIA Á L-NAME ,L-Arg €iY ʇ€] :3 Y{¼¿

cÂ/ Ä/] R-PIA Á L-NAME , L-Arg €/iY Ê/‡€] :1 Y{Â/¼¿
Ä] į Locomotion .Z] Ä^ m ½Â»M { Êf¯€u ÉZŎyZ‹ €] ¹YÂe Á
Ê/]M Z» ‰Á Ä] Á 5 c|» { c ɀ̳{ZË Á Ĝ§Zu €] ¹YÂe Á {€¨À»
Total=TL Á Periphral=PL ,Central=CL ɂ/¯€» d¼ˆ/« ć
{Y|¿Zf/‡Y ¥Y€v¿Y + °‡ ¾f§ZË ½Z» ¾Ì´¿ZÌ» c Ä] ZÅÃ{Y{ .†Ë»
Ä/¿Zy Á{ ÉZ/ÅÄ¿Zy) ɂ¯€» d¼ˆ« Á{ { d¯€u ğ¼n» .|‹ ºÌˆ¬e
.d‡Y Ã|‹ Ã{Y{ ŠËZ¼¿ c6
Ä/] Z/ÅÃ{Y{ .|‹Ê» ‰Z¼‹ (Ä^ m ÃYÂË{ ÄËZa ÉZÅÄ¿Zy) ʘÌv» Á (‚¯€»
Ã|/‹ Ã{Y{ ŠËZ¼¿ c 6 {Y|¿Zf‡Y ¥Y€v¿Y + ZÅ ŽyZ‹ ¾Ì´¿ZÌ» c
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.*** p< 0/001 .(2 Y{¼¿) {€¯ ZÆ»
 Ã{Y ¾Ìˆu ¾Ìˆu

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Šz] .|¿|‹ ½ZÌ] Ê·Z ¨¿Y [ZÀfmY ‰Á { ÊÀÌ»ÓÂa°‡Y |/‹ ½|̈/Ì· cZ/¯€u Á ĸ”/§ {Y|/ e ,d‡{ ½{€¯ |À¸] ,YÂË{
ÉZźˆÌ¿Z°» Z] Y Ĝ§Zu µZ¼ŸY Posterior singulate d/Ì·Z § €/] ÉY{ ÊÀ » €iY L-Arg Á L-NAME .(4 Y{¼¿)
¶Ë| e LTD Á LTP ÊÀ Ë ʈaZÀ̇ ɀË~a¥Z˜ ¿Y Ä] Äfˆ]YÁ ,3 Y{Â/¼¿) |Àf‹Y|¿ Z] Ä^ m ½Â»M ÉZƐyZ‹ €´Ë{ Á Êf¯€u
A1 Ã|¿€Ì³ dˆÌ¿Â³Zf¿M) DPCPX ºˆÌ¿Z°» .|À¯Ê» .(4
Y ŠÌ] ½Y‚Ì» Ä]) Êb»Z¯ÂbÌÅ LTP ŠËY‚§Y { (ÊÀˁ¿{M Normal Salin
Normal Saline
R-PIA
R-PIA 0.0625 0.0625 mg/kg
mg/kg
R-PIA
mg/kg0.125 mg/kg
Ã|¿€Ì³ dÌ·Z § .|‹Z]Ê» ÊÀˁ¿{M A1 Ã|¿€Ì³ ­Â¸] (%100
R-PIA 0.125
L-NAMEL-NAME
100 mg/kg 100 mg/kg
L-NAMEL-NAME 100 0.0625
100 mg/kg+R-PIA mg/kg+R-PIA
mg/kg 0.0625 mg/kg
L-NAMEL-NAME 10064.6
mg/kg+L-Arg 64.6 mg/kg
dÌ·Z § ZÆ» ZË Ê^Ÿ ÉZŶ«Z¿ ɁZ‡{YM ZÆ» hŸZ] A1
100 mg/kg+L-Arg mg/kg
L-Arg
L-Arg 64.6 64.6 mg/kg+R-PIA
mg/kg+R-PIA 0.0625mg/kg 0.0625 mg/kg
L-Arg
L-ARG 64.6 mg/kg64.6 mg/kg

.(6) {‹ʻ A ZÀ̯ ¾ÌXeÁ€a

15

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10
Ä] Äfˆ]YÁ dœ¸£ ŠÅZ¯ \m» ZƋ» Ä] |ËZ¯Z‡ÂbÌ· ‚ËÂne
Number

dœ¸£ €] A2 Á A1 ÉZÅdˆÌ¿Â³M .|‹ ÊËZ¼‡Ôa NO Á{ *** *** *

5 *** *** **

ɁZ‡{YM ¶Ë| e .(4) |¿Y{ ʳ|ÀÅZ¯ €iY ,ÊËZ¼‡Ôa NO * * **

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ÄÀÌ»M ÉZÅ|̇Y €] A1 Ã|¿€Ì³ ʇYÁ Z] µZ°Ìe¯ ¾Ì·Â¯ ¶Ìf‡Y

**

0
Rearing Leaning Grooming Defecation

.(23) {Y~³ Ê» €ÌiZe GABA Á ¾Ì·Z¿{M¿ Á ʰˀve

ɁZ‡{YM ZÆ» ÉY€] ʈaZÀ̇ ŠÌa c Ä] ¾ËÂ¿{M
dÌ·Z § cZeZb‡M Á cZ»Ze¸³ ¶j» ʰˀve ÄÀÌ»M ÉZÅ|̇Y
®Ë€ve Y NO ‚fÀ‡ ,ʰˀve ÄÀÌ»M ÉZÅ|̇Y .|À¯Ê»
NO dœ¸£ ½M ÉZÅdˆÌ¿Â³M Á ¾ËÂ¿{M ¾ËY€]ZÀ] -|ÀÀ¯Ê»
į {Y{ {ÂmÁ ‚Ì¿ ÊeY|ÅZŒ» .|ÀÅ{Ê» ŠÅZ¯ Y Êb»Z¯ÂbÌÅ
€] NO ¶¼Ÿ ĸ̇Á Ä] ɂ¤» ʈaZÀ̇ŠÌa µZ¼ŸY ʔ ]
{€¨À» c Ä] R-PIA Á L-NAME ,L-Arg €iY ʇ€] :4 Y{¼¿
Z/] Ä^ m ½Â»M { ĸ”§ ž§{ Á ÊbËZeÂW€f‡Y ÉZŎyZ‹ ÉÁ €] ¹YÂe Á
‚/̼e Á |ˆ/Ì· Ê/» Y {Ây ½YÂÌu :Grooming .(Open-field test)
: Leaning -|fˆ/ËYÊ» {Ây ÉZa Á{ ÉÁ €] ½YÂÌu : Rearing .|À¯Ê»
ÉZ/Šĸ”§ {Y| e :Defecation -|À¯Ê» ¶f» ÃYÂË{ Ä] Y {Ây ½YÂÌu
c 6 {Y|¿Zf/‡Y ÉZ/˜y + ZŎyZ‹ ¾Ì´¿ZÌ» c Ä] ZÅ Ã{Y{ .½YÂÌu
µZ/»€¿ Z/] Ĉ/ËZ¬» ,Tukey-Kramer½Â/»M .d/‡Y Ã|/‹ Ã{Y{ ŠËZ¼¿

.(24) {‹ʻ ɀ̳ʇYÁ A1 ÉZÅÃ|¿€Ì³ .** p< 0/01 ,***p< 0/001 ,*p<0/05 :¾Ì·Z‡

NO dœ¸£ ÉÁ €iY ,ATP ,A3 Ã|¿€Ì³ ÉZÅdˆÌ¿Â³M

Z] ¶yY|e ÊËZ¿YÂe A2 Á A1 ÉZÅdˆÌ¿Â³M ÉY€] Ê·Á |Àf‹Y|¿
Ã|‹ ‰Y‚³ ÊÀe ½Á{ cZ ·Z˜» Z] Ê^Ÿ ÉZƷ¸‡ { NO
.(25) d‡Y
€] R-PIA Ê^ˀze €iY Ã|ÀÅ{ ½ZŒ¿ €“Zu Ä ·Z˜» lËZf¿
\ˀze { L-NAME Á R-PIA ÊËY‚§Y ºÅ €iY Á Ĝ§Zu
Z] Á Ã{Â] Ĝ§Zu { L-Arg Á R-PIA ¦·Zz» €iY Á Ĝ§Zu
€] ½YÂeÊ» ¾ËÂ¿{M Á NO ¾Ì] ʸyY|e ÉZźˆÌ¿Z°» Ä] ÄmÂe
hŸZ] R-PIA ½Âq .d‹Y{ €œ¿ ÊnËZf¿ ¾ÌÀq Êf‡{ µZ¼fuY
Á ¾Ì·Â¯ ¶Ìf‡Y ĸ¼m Y Ê̐Ÿ ¾Ì¸«Z¿ ʔ ] ¶Ë| e
ɀ̳ ÄnÌf¿ Á hv]
, †Ë» Ê]M Z» ‰Á { į |Å{ Ê» ½ZŒ¿ Ä ·Z˜» ¾ËY
L-Arg Á Ê^ˀze cY€iY \m» L-NAME Á ¾ËÂ¿{M
R-PIA Á L-NAME Ê^ˀze €iY ½|‹ …° » \m»
ÉZÅ Ã|¿€Ì³ ,Ã|‹ ¹Zn¿Y cZ ·Z˜» ª^— .d‡Y Ĝ§Zu €]
½M ÉZÅ dˆÌ¿Â³M Á |À¯ Ê» ¶Ë| e Y Ĝ§Zu A1 ÊÀˁ¿{M
¶j» ʬ—ZÀ» {‹ Ê» {ZÆÀŒÌa .|ÀÀ¯ Ê» \ˀze Y Ĝ§Zu
d·Zy{ ʋ»Y€§ €iY { Á Äf§€³ Y€« €ÌiZe dve `»Z¯ÂbÌÅ
Ä] ¾ËÂ¿{M ÉZÅ dˆÌ¿Â³Zf¿M ÊÆmÂe \·Zm — Ä] .|¿Y{
 c ÊËZ”§ Ĝ§Zu €] |ËZˆ¯Y ®Ë€fÌ¿ Á ¾ËÂ¿{M ¶yY|e€iY

Ä/] Á Ânfˆ/m Ã|/ÀÅ{ ½ZŒ/¿ €fŒ/Ì] CL/TL d^ˆ/¿ ŠËY‚§Y
½Z/nÌÅ €eÓZ/] t˜/‡ { Á Ã{Â] ½ZnÌÅ Ã|ÀÅ{ ½ZŒ¿ ,€f¼¯ Y|¬»
Á Grooming .{Y{ {Â///mÁ ĸ”///§ Á grooming ŠËY‚///§Y
‚/Ì¿ Á |Àfˆ/Å €/e…Zˆ/u ½Z/nÌÅ |/“ ÉZ/ÅÁY{ Ä/] d^ˆ¿ ĸ”§
{Y{ {Â/mÁ ĸ”/§ Á grooming ¶/»ZŸ Á{ ¾/‡ ¾Ì/] ÉYĘ]Y
R-PIA ,€“Zu Ä ·Z˜» Y Ã|»M d‡{ Ä] lËZf¿ Ä] ÄmÂe Z] .(22)
‚/Ì¿ Á Ã|‹ Êf¯€u dÌ·Z § ÄmÂe ¶]Z« ŠÅZ¯ hŸZ] €fŒÌ] Á{ Z]
Ã{Y{ ŠÅZ/¯ |Àfˆ/Å Ê¿ZnÌÅ ¶»YŸ į Y ĸ”§ Á grooming
.d/‡Y Ã|/‹ Ê]Y€˜/“Y d·Zu Á ½ZnÌÅ ŠÅZ¯ hŸZ] ÄnÌf¿ { Á
ºfˆ//̇ Z//] 0ÓZ//¼fuY Ä//¯ Ã{Y{ ŠÅZ//¯ Yleaning ¾Ì//Àr¼Å
Z/]Z³ ÉZ/ÅÃ|/¿€Ì³ ŠÅZ/¯ Y€/ˁ |‹Z]Ê» •Z^eY { ®Ëƒ€WZ]Z³
L-NAME {» { Á {‹ʻ leaning ¶¼Ÿ ŠÅZ¯ hŸZ]
d//¯€u ½Â//»M ÉZ//ŀf»YZa { ʇˆ//v» €//Ì̤e L-Arg Á
.|Œ¿ Ã|Ë{ ZÅc
Y 0ÓZ¼fuY ¾ËÂ¿{MA1ÉZÅÃ|¿€Ì³ |Å{Ê» ½ZŒ¿ Ä ·Z˜» ¾ËY
Ä//œ§Zu €//] Ê//^ˀze cY€//iY \//m» NO |//Ì·Âe Z//Æ» ª//ˀ—
.|¿Â‹Ê»
ÄnÌf¿ { -{‹ʻ cZ»Ze¸³ ĸ¼m Y ʰˀve ÉZÅÄÀÌ»M|̇Y
ÉZņaZÀ̇ { (NO) |̈¯Y ®Ë€fÌ¿ {ZnËY Á |Ì·Âe ŠÅZ¯
ÊÀ Ë NO Ã|ÀÅ{ ®Ë {ÁÁ Z] Ê·Á -{Y{ µZ^¿{ Ä] Y Ã|ÀÀ¯ ¶¼Ÿ
L- ‚ËÂne .{‹ʻ |Ì·Âe NO ,Y½Á€] c Ä] L-Arg
.{€¯ |ÅYÂy ÊjÀy NO |Ì·Âe €] Y R-PIA ÉZÆ» €iY Arg
|/ÀÅ{Ê» ŠÅZ¯ Y Êf¯€u dÌ·Z § ¾ËÂ¿{M ÉZÅdˆÌ¿Â³M
Ê/f¯€u dÌ·Z § €] Á{ €Å L-Arg Á NOS dˆÌ¿Â³Zf¿M .(23)
Ä/mÂe ¶/]Z« -|/ÀÅ{Ê/» Êf¯€u dÌ·Z § { į ɀÌ̤e Á |¿€iYÊ]
.(27 ,26) dˆÌ¿
€Œ/« ¾Ì·Â¯ ¶Ìf‡Y ɁZ‡{YM ºÌ¬fˆ» €Ì£ ¶Ë| e Z] ¾ËÂ¿{M
(GABA) Z//]Z³ ŠÅZ//¯ h//ŸZ] A1 Ã|//¿€Ì³ Ę//‡YÁ Z//] ‚//¤»
¶/¼Ÿ ®/˃€WZ]Z³ ÉZ/ŽÁÂ/¿ ŠÅZ/¯ ʧ€— Y .(23) {‹ʻ
ɀ/iY ®/˃€À̷¯ ÉZ/ÅÁY{ Á |/ÀÅ{Ê» ŠÅZ¯ Y leaning
€///] ®///˃€WZ]Z³ ºfˆ///̇ Ê///·Á |///¿Y|¿ grooming ÉÁ
®/˃€ÀÌ»ZaÁ{ µZ/¬f¿Y Z] grooming .d‡Y €iR» grooming
ŠÅZ//¯ h//ŸZ] Z//ž̷Z//¨°¿Y Z//] ½Z//»{ ¾Ì//Àr¼Å .{Â//‹Ê//» LZ//¬·Y
.(28) {‹ʻ grooming ŠÅZ¯ Á d¯€u

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