PROBLEMS (Lecture: from AS Index to NCG and back)

Let H be a separable Hilbert space and Br be the closed ball of radius r in H. Is it true that T is a bounded operator iff T B1 Br for some r > 0?

2 3

Let T be an operator of nite rank. Show that 1 + T is Fredholm of index 0.

Let T be a densely dened operator. Please show that: (Im T ) = ker T T is closed T is closable iff T is densely dened, then T = T

Let A be a C -algebra, p, q A, p = p = p2 and p = p = P 2 be orthogonal projections pq = qp = 0. Please show, that: [p] + [q] = [p + q], in K0 (A).

5 6

Let p and q be unitary equivalent projections. Can the unitary u, which gives the equivalence, be connected to 1 through a path of unitaries ?

Let A be a unital C -algebra and J and ideal in A. Let u(t) be a path of unitaries in A/J . Can it be lifted to a path of unitaries in A ?

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Are all conditions dening the asymptotic morphisms independent of each other? (see the denition at the end)

If Ft are asymptotic morphisms between A and B, taking a projection p A we obtain Ft (p) a family of almost projections in B. Show that there exist a family of projections qt B for sufciently large t, which are close to Ft (p) and that the class of each of them in K(B) does not depend on t.

Let f be the following family of functions: 1 1 ft (x) = ( x + i)( x + i)1 . t t let D be an unbounded operator H H, and D= 0 D D 0 .

We assume that spectrum of D is discrete. Please show that Ut = f (D) is a unitary operator and nd its spectrum in the t limit.

10

t Let ka (x, y) be a kernel dened for x, y U Rn and a function a Cc (T U ) (with compact support) in the following way: t ka (x, y)

t 2

a(x, )eit(xy) d
Rn

. Please show that the kernel satises the following bound (for large t):
t |ka (x, y)| Ctn

1 , (1 + t|x y|)N

for arbitrary N .

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Let e be a projection in an algebra C (M ) Mk (C) for a compact manifold M without boundaries. Please show that: cn (e) = Tr e(de de)n . denes a 2n-th de Rham cohomology class over manifold M .

12

Please write an explicit formula for the asymptotic morphisms Tt (or at least its restriction for the functions with compact support) from C0 (T (S 1 )) to the compact operators.

14

Let D = s be an operator on smooth functions over a circle S 1 (parametrised by 0 s < 2. Please show that using the asymptotic morphisms from the exercise above we have:

1 Tt (f (D )) f ( D) 0, t in the operator norm, for any f C0 (R).

15

Let D be an unbounded operator on a Hilbert space H with a discrete spectrum, such that D exists. Please, show the McKean-Singer formula: t t Ind(D) = Tr e 2 D D Tr e 2 DD , for any t > 0.

Denitions: