VEP-

• While mapping consider village distances for reducing t&d losses

• If the distance is large between two hamlets, it might be preferable
to have 2 separate decentralized plants, to reduce T&D losses.
• We can use GIS further for optimizing the location of T&D lines &
reducing losses.
• Value addition to the local economy (livelihoods, institutions)
through energy.(give egs like irrigation, computer centre etc)
• Monitoring & evaluation indicators should be based on the business
model selected.
• Mention the revenue, business model being used.
• financial liability & local resources available
• Tariff structure
• Energy budgeting
• Roles & responsibilities (kind of expertise available, human
resources)

Load Management

Generation processes

Irrigation Services

 Availability of diesel / AC rum pump with their capacity (HP rating),

specific fuel consumption (at different water table)and present cost
 Season wise, crop wise, average running hour and discharge
 Farmer wise, pipe type wise availability of suction and delivery pipes
 Crop wise irrigation practices (flood, drip, sprinkler)
 Pump wise, crop wise average operation (Rs/hour), maintenance
(Rs/season) and manpower cost (man-hour/crop)
 Farmer wise, season wise un-irrigated land due to lack of
 Water availability
 Energy service

Domestic Services

 Household wise availability of various lighting devices (dibri, dia,

candle, kishan torch, lantern, petromax, table lamp etc)
 Device wise, season wise average lighting hours (hrs/day) with device
wise specific fuel consumption
 Sources of fuel and household wise average expenditure on domestic
light (Rs/month)
 Family wise, fuel type (dung cake, log wood, kerosene, agro-residue,
coal) wise average fuel consumption and cost of fuel
 Household wise other energy demand for home appliances

Enterprise Services

 List of present and most feasible enterprises

 Contact details of potential entrepreneurs and their investment
capacity
 Summary of pre-feasibility report of all possible enterprises with
following details
 Peak connected load
 Season wise maximum operation hour (hrs/day)
 Nature of energy requirement (continuous / intermittent)
 
Season wise preferred duration of operation (e.g. 9 am-12
noon or 2-5 pm)
 Auxiliary energy demand such as pre processing, storage,
lighting etc
Community Services

 Most demanding community services and season wise peak

connected load
 Who will own/pay for these services
 Cost of maintenance/up-gradation

An example: Revised load scheduling

As Table 10 suggests, the peak load in order to meet the requirements of

the people in Shyampur is 19.77 kW. Since this figure also reflects certain
motorized loads, which require a higher starting current, the plant
capacity to meet the load must be about 30 kW.

This leads us to the questions of (1) whether this (30 kW) should be the
real size of the plant, and (2) whether the load requirement can be
reduced. For answers, we must first inquire into the reason behind the
high peak load. And, the reason is that a rice huller and a flour mill of 7.5
hp each run in the evening at a time when other loads are also
operational. This leads us to yet another question of whether it is
necessary to run these machines simultaneously along with the other
loads.

In most cases, either of the two would be running at any point of time. For
instance, if there are more than 8–10 pump sets in a given village, it is
advisable to run them in batches.

Pumps can be split in two batches and each batch can be run at a time
when the load on the power generating system is minimal. Hypothetically,
load scheduling could also have been done in a manner in which the loads
could be distributed throughout the day, thereby reducing the load on the
power-generating unit. (Table 11). Table 11 establishes the following facts

The peak load is 16.79 kW.

Load rescheduling has reduced plant capacity size from 19.77 kW to 17
kW.
Oil expellers operate when the agriculture period is over.
This does not include motorized load, hence the total load is 14 kW for
solar. In this scenario, the required plant size would be of 25 kW, taking
into account operation of 6–8 hours, three days of autonomy, and 80%
system efficiency.
The price includes all kinds of costs including energy plantation.

Load as per need (Table)

Revised load scheduling (Table)
Based on the requirement found out in Step 2, the total peak load can be
assessed.

Distribution However considering fund and technology limitations and

demand-supply gap (i.e. peak/off peak demand) the following aspects
should be cross checked carefully before developing load scheduling plan
so as to finalize the distribution strategy. Distribution strategy is not only
influences the investment but also influence line losses and
performance/life of the energy consuming appliances. Under above
consideration the implementer must collect the following information and
plot them in the most appropriate site (village) layout to optimize the
distribution strategy.

• Generation process: Power generation is a factor of the technology

being planned for the respective DDG project. However considering
variation in demand and supply conditions the following aspect should be
cross checked carefully before scheduling seasonal and daily energy
generation

o Peak demand under the following condition

 Season wise, area wise, crop wise, soil type wise irrigation demand
 Season wise present and potential energy demand for enterprise
 Present and most likely domestic energy demand
 Present and most demanded community energy services such as street
light, lights on temple, drinking water, light for school / anganwadi,
post office, panchyat office etc

o Present energy supply under following conditions: The

implementer should also understand the present energy service
practices for various kinds of services namely community,
domestic, irrigation and enterprises. The implementer should also
collect detailed information regarding the following 4 kinds of
energy services. Implementer need to follow the various datasheet
format (see codes) to collect and update data base

Distribution Processes

o Assured Loads: The implementer must have a list of assured

loads. Assured loads are those, whose
 Energy consumption & need pattern is regular (on daily /
seasonally basis)
 Paying capacity/willingness is assured

o Less assured loads: The implementer must have a list of less

assured loadsLess assured loads are those, whose
 Energy consumption & need pattern is not regular due to
various un-predictable natural/social factors
 Paying capacity & willingness to pay is conditional

o High capacity loads: The implementer must have a list of high

capacity loads particularly 3 phase single point and single phase
clustered loads, which do have higher off loading potentials to
ensure high plant load factor (PLF). The role of implementer is to
 set priority while developing load management plan the power
plant should runs at peak load condition as well as for minimum
duration. Also please mark these load points/cluster in the site
map.

o Low capacity loads: The implementer must have a list of

infrequently used low capacity loads (3 phase or single phase
isolated loads), which have low off loading potentials and which
hardly have any impact in plant load factor (PLF). These loads are
useful to utilize unused electricity. The implementer can plan to
have either package energy services or temporary wiring to ensure
energy supply. The implementer is to see how to fulfill this type of
energy needs to earn revenue without investing much on
transmission and distribution lines. As and when these loads points
will start behave like assured load or high capacity loads further
grid extension will be planned accordingly.

To find out the electrical energy demand of the village, we should know
the following.

• What is energy used for? Is it used to run lights, fans, TVs, irrigation
pump sets, etc.?
• How many (the number) such devices are used in the village?
• What is the rated power (in W [watts], hp [horse power], or kW) of
the device being used in each application? For example, a light bulb
may be of 60 W, a tube light of 40 W or a CFL (compact fluorescent
lamp) may be of 11 W.
• How many such devices are likely to be used by each category of
users?
• How many hours in a day will each device be used?
• How many days in a year will each device be used?

The current and future needs of the village community can be assessed on
the basis of survey observations.

In general for each device

Connected load in watts = (number of households and shops using the
device × number of
devices per household and shop × rating of device in watts)

Connected load in kW = connected load in watts/1000

For example, to run a light, = (100 households × 2 lights per connected

load in kW household × 60 W per light) / 1000 = 12 kW

Demand in kWh/year = (connected load in kW × hours of operation per

day × days of
operation per year)

For example, to run a light, = (12 kW connected load × 6 demand in

kWh/year operation hours per day × 365 operation days per year) = 17
520 kWh/year
Estimation of Load Demand and Energy Demand

4.1 Estimation of load:

4.1.1 A. No. of households No. :
Average Load
KW
Total load ______________ kW
Average operational hours-

4.1.2 B. No. of streetlights No. :

Average Load
KW
Total load ______________ kW

Average operational hours-

4.1.3 C. Non-domestic / Productive load No. :

Average Load
KW
Total load ______________ kW
Average operational hours-

4.1.4 D. Common facilities (Total load for Schools,

Public health centres, Panchayat Bhawan, Total load ______________ kW
Community buildings, Religious Loads etc.)
4.1.4. Schools load No. :
1 Average Load
KW
Total load ______________ kW
Average operational hours-

4.1.4. Public health centres load No. :

2 Average Load
KW
Total load ______________ kW
Average operational hours-

4.1.4. Panchayat bhawans load No. :

3 Average Load
 KW
Total load ______________ kW
Average operational hours-

4.1.4. Community buildings load No. :

4 Average Load
KW
Total load ______________ kW
Average operational hours-

4.1.5 E. Any other load (Specify) No. :

Average Load
KW
Total load ______________ kW
Average operational hours-

4.1.6 F. Total load (A+B+C+D+E) Total load _______________ kW

4.2 Nos. of operational hours per day Total hrs ____________ per day
(Min. 6-8 hours/day)

4.3 Anticipated Peak Load _______________ kW

4.4 Attach hourly load curve

4.5 Suggested DDG capacity

_______________ kW
(1.5 x peak load as per load curve)

4.6 Estimated Annual Energy demand for 5 years:

4.6.1 a. Annual Energy Demand for 1st Year _______________ kWH

(Covered area as per load curve x 365)

4.6.2 b. Anticipated annual %age increase in _______________ %age

energy demand

4.6.3 c. Annual Energy Demand for 2nd Year (a + ________ kWH

b%) #

4.6.4 d. Annual Energy Demand for 3rd Year (c + b ________ kWH

%) #

4.6.5 e. Annual Energy Demand for 4th Year (d + b ________ kWH

%) #

4.6.6 f. Annual Energy Demand for 5th Year (e + ________ kWH

 b%) #

4.6.7 Total Energy Demand for 5 years ________ kWH

(a+c+d+e+f)

4.7 Suggested DDG capacity = annual energy

demand for 5th year / (365 days x nos. of _______________ kW
operational hours per day)

4.8 Proposed DDG capacity (among 4.5 and 4.7

which ever has higher value) _______________ kW

4.9 Generation voltage (Mark ) (a) 440 V, 3 phase

(b) 220 V, 1 phase

# Next annual Energy Demand would be current annual energy demand

plus the anticipated %age increase in energy demand

Existing Energy Consumption

3.1 Existing energy consumption sources, quantity, and prices paid
for them
3.1.1 Domestic (lighting)
Type of Fuel Used
Source
Quantity (Lts)
Hours of use
Time being used
Season (Months being used)
Total Nos. of households
Average Rs./month spent by household
3.1.2 Domestic (lighting) (Solar)
Type of Fuel Used
Source
Quantity (Lts)
Hours of use
Time being used
Season (Months being used)
Total Nos. of households
Average Rs./month spent by household
3.1.5 Domestic (entertainment / TV / Music
system / Radio) (battery / solar)
Type of Fuel Used
Source
 Quantity (Lts)
Hours of use
Time being used
Season (Months being used)
Total Nos. of households
Average Rs./month spent by household
3.1.6 Non-domestic/productive (Diesel)
Type of Fuel Used
Source
Quantity (Lts)
Hours of use
Time being used
Season (Months being used)
Total Nos. of households
Average Rs./month spent by household
3.1.7 Any other (Specify)
Type of Fuel Used
Source
Quantity (Lts)
Hours of use
Season (Months being used)
Time being used
Total Nos. of households
Average Rs./month spent by household
3. 2 Willingness to pay for monthly energy (Rs. / month) %age willing to
bill
pay
30-40
40-60
60-80
80-100
>100

The typical uses or applications of energy in a rural area are as follows.

• To light houses
• To run TVs, tape decks, etc. (entertainment)
• To run fans in houses especially in the summer months
• To run mixers, domestic flour mills, etc.
• To run chaff cutters
• To light streets, schools, panchayat ghar, public health centres, etc.
(community load)
 • To run irrigation pump sets
• To run flour mills and rice hullers, etc.
• To run lights and fans in commercial establishments like shops and
godowns
To pump drinking water

Also details of the consumption pattern, and the time of day and the
season of the year when energy is used for particular purposes should be
captured.

Step 4: Resource management

In this step project implementer should know detailed statistics of all type
of resources which the project will consume during the execution of
project to develop all necessary components (infrastructures and facilities)
and also to maintain sustain operation. Project implementer should also
visualize the possibility of value addition of locally available natural
resources and agro produces through the use of project outputs (e.g.
energy and energy services). The following aspect of resources should be
recorded & consolidated

Materials:

• Various sources of input resources necessary for energy generation

such as woody biomass, agro residue, organic waste, sun light, water,
wind etc (quantity available) (obtained from baseline surveys)
• Resource costing (Cost of raw material per kg) (obtained from baseline
surveys)
• Resource processing (collection, storage & utilization of raw material-
strategies need to be developed for the same)
• Seasonality availability of these inputs (detailed seasonal charts with
resource availability for each season need to be prepared) (obtained
from baseline surveys)
• Risk factors due to unavailability of raw material (need to be identified
by the implementer)
• Alternate resources and their sources (need to be identified by the
implementer)
• Water resource availability (source & seasonality) (obtained from
baseline surveys)
• Possibility of generating such resources in future eg plantation activity
for bio fuel/biomass projects (need to be identified by the implementer)

Formulas that can be used for calculating the same are:

Total Quantity of Resource Available=
Financial:
• Available assured finance from various stakeholders along with their
non-negotiable clauses
• Investment gap and possible source (need to be identified by the
implementer)
• Villager’s economic profile and expenditure pattern with seasonality
• Various Govt. schemes

Human:
• Available resources with their roles and skill/knowledge sets
• Skill gap and their requirement in different project phase
• Availability of un/skilled, women / men power in project village and
nearby areas with their wage rate
• Contact details of local contractor; fabricator; NGO, SHG, CIG,
consultant/ trainer and other institutes those who can undertake sub-
contract
• Contact details of various opinion leaders, related Govt. officials such
as sarpanch, DRDA staff, bank manager, DIC officers etc who can
facilitate the implementation process

In this step an assessment of the various sources of energy available in

the village is carried out. It covers the following aspects.
Identifying the different sources of energy in the village
Estimating the current production of the resource
Estimating the current consumption of the resource
Let us now then assess the resources required for all technologies
employed
to generate energy from renewable sources of energy, such as the
following.
Biomass-based power generation
Solar-related technologies
Mini/micro hydro technologies
Bio-diesel applications
Outputs of resource estimation
At the end of this step, you should have information about the following.
Information about the resource availability for different sources of energy
An estimate of the energy generation potential for each source of energy
available
An assessment of whether the resource available is sufficient to generate
energy to meet the needs assessed.
Biomass-based power generation
There are generally two forms of biomass in a typical village.
Crop residue
Firewood (wood from trees)
Forest reserves should not be taken into consideration here, as felling of
trees is illegal in many places. However, if there is an energy plantation
available in a village for captive use, it can be taken into consideration.
Woody biomass
An assessment of the existing stock of biomass should be carried out to
find the sustainable yield from the growing stock at the village level. To
estimate the biomass for different land categories, the quadratic method
is adopted.
Volume is measured through either of the following equations.
V = a + b × g2 × h
or
V = a + b × d2 × h
where,
V = volume in cubic metres
h = height in metres
g = GBH (girth at breast height) in metres
d = DBH (diameter at breast height) in metres
And, a and b are regression constants.
The annual sustainable yield (Y) is:
Y = 2 GS / R
where,
Y – sustainable yield (tonnes/y)
GS = growing stock
R = rotation of growing stock in the village
General volume table
The general volume table (Table 13) is used if the regression equation of
particular trees is not known. In this case, the girth of trees must be
measured and its corresponding volume be provided in the general
volume table.
For example, in case the girth of the tree is 101 cm, it would fall in the
third row within the girth class of 90–120 cm. The last column of the same
row shows the volume, which is 0.55 m3 (cubic metre).

Solar-related technologies
To estimate the availability of solar energy in an area, you would need to
know the following.
Number of sunny days in a year in the area
Average number of sunlight hours per day

Solar radiation data are generally available at the local weather data
collection centre of the Department of Meteorology. Solar technology is
feasible in most parts of India. It needs at least 5–6 hours of sunlight per
day for at least 250 days in a year. If an area receives the specified
amount of sunlight, solar technologies can be used for power generation.
There may be site-specific issues (detailed in Chapter 3 on solar
photovoltaic), which must be taken care of before finalizing the
technology.

Hydro-based technologies
To assess hydropower potential, you should know the following.
The quantity of water flowing at the point of intake
The flow (To estimate the flow there are two aspects that need to be kept
in mind, that is, lean [minimum] flow and peak [maximum] flow [when it
is] and the period of the year when the flow is low and high.)
The height and speed of water

Bio-diesel applications
To estimate the resources required to produce bio-diesel, you should know
the following.
As mentioned in Chapter 6 on biofuel technology, bio-diesel can be
produced from seeds of different varieties of plants.
Oil-yielding plants may occur naturally or they may be grown on farms,
bunds, waste lands, and the like.
Bio-diesel can be produced from non-edible oilseeds such as Pongamia
pinnata (Karanj, Honge), Jatropha curcas (Ratan Jot), Hevea braziliensis
(Rubber), Madhuca indica (Mahua), and Shorea robusta (Sal).
Information on oil-yielding species, which occur naturally or which can be
cultivated in the region, can be obtained from local forestry offices.
There are numerous plants that can yield oil; however, the oil-yielding
capacity should be in the range of 25%–35% of the seed weight; otherwise
extraction of oil is not viable.
Farmers should find out if oil-yielding seeds are available in a nearby
market. If yes, then the cost for the same must be found out. As per the
Planning Commission report of the Committee for the Development of
Biofuel, the cost of oil-yielding seeds is in the range of 14.98–16.59
rupees/ litre, based on the assumption that the seed contains 35% oil, and
91%– 92% of the oil can be extracted.
Farmers should also know the yield for different varieties of oil-yielding
plants. An estimate of the average yield of Jatropha curcas is given in
Table 14.

Design details of the power plant and estimated costs

This section provides the system design details, including energy
plantation requirements, the intended energy services as also any value
addition in terms of setting up micro enterprises that may be established
on account of availability of electricity. All the costs of the project have to
be estimated to cost of completion. All the cost figures mentioned in this
section should be “Estimated Cost of Project Completion”

4.6 Technological options

Various technologies available for village electrification project are
micro hydel power plant, wind power plant, bio-fuel based DG sets,
Biogas based power generation plant, Solar photovoltaic power
plant and Biomass based gasifier coupled with 100% producer gas
engine.

In view of the availability of renewable energy sources in the

village, as mentioned in earlier chapter, three technologies seem
feasible for the proposed electrification project i.e. Solar
Photovoltaic Power Plant, Biofuel based DG sets and Biomass based
gasifier coupled with 100% producer gas engine.

4.6.1 Gasification Technology

Low grade biomass (ipomea, subabool, lantana) availability in the

village offers immense potential for power generation. The option
has following advantages & disadvantages:

Advantages
♦ Low capital cost
♦ Easy availability of raw material
♦ Feasibility for greater load profile

Disadvantages
♦ Complex Process
♦ Gas quality relates to the quality of raw material

In view of the facts mentioned in earlier paragraphs, the

gasification technology coupled with 100% produce gas engine is
the most suitable and recommended for electrification of village
Lalaka Pura.

4.6.1.1 Technology Description

Biomass Gasification process is a thermo-chemical process which

basically converts solid biomass into combustible gas mixture,
generally known as producer gas. The process involves partial
combustion of biomass which occurs when air supply is less than
that required for complete combustion of biomass. Solid biomass
fuels, which are usually inconvenient to handle and have low
efficiency of utilization, can thus be converted into quality gaseous
fuel. This gas is further converted into electrical energy in a
biomass thermal electric power plant and transmitted to load center
 4.6.1.2 Technical Description of the Plant

The technical specification of the system is given below:

Table 4.19: Gasifier Specification for 20 kW (2 x 10kW) System

S.No. Description Specification

Gasifier Technology Standardized or patented
(IISc/TERI/Ankur)
Make OVN/Aruna/Sun Technique/Ankur/Teri
Gasifier Rating 2 x 14 kg/hr system
Type of Gasifier Open top downdraft Gasifier
Turn Down Ratio 4:1 (Plant can be operated up till 25% of
load)
Quality of Gas Produced Very high quality CO: 20 + 1%, H2: 20
+ 1%,
CH4 : 3 + 1% CO2 12+ 1% and N2
Tar and particulate Tar and particulate level is less than 25
concentration in the gas ppm
which ensures trouble free operation &
performance of the engine
Biomass Woody biomass or briquettes (of other
biomass) with ash content less than 5%
& moisture content less than 15%
Biomass energy conversion 80 %
efficiency at maximum rated
our put
Calorific value of gas 4.6 + 0.2 MJ/kg
generated from Gasifier
10 Maximum connected load 8-10 %
required for operation of
Gasifier, burner and auxiliaries
Material of construction of Reactor consisting of MS shell with fire
the Gasifier brick lining, hot gas jacket of SS 316 in
the upper part of reactor, Ash
extraction system with MS cuter shell
and SS screw conveyor, Top water seal,
SS Air nozzles, SS ducting & MS
Structural. Hot cyclone SS-316L with
MS outer jacket for heat recovery with
Bottom collection-bin. Scrubbers (SS-
304) with water seal at the Bottom.
Mist eliminator (SS-304), Moisture trap
(SS-304)

Table 4.20: Engine

1. Gas Engine Simpson / Cumiins/ Equi
/Prakash
2. Type of cooling Water cooled engine
3. Speed of Engine 1500 rpm
4. Specific fuel consumption 1.2+0.2 kg/kW hr at rated load
5. Type of Governor Electronic Imported Governor
6. Starting system battery Battery starting with automatic
charge

4.6.1.3 Safety features of the Gasifier system

As the gasifier system is under suction, the possibility of gas leaking

into the ambient from most of the system elements could be totally
ruled out. However, there is possibility of air leaking into the system
thus diluting the gas. This could have two effects, firstly this will
lead to lower diesel replacements, and secondly there could be
flame travel backwards in the event of start-up i.e. at the time of
lighting or torching the gas in the flare. Hence water bubbler is
provided upstream of flare to prevent any flame travel backward
into rest of the system elements. Thus the system appears safe as
indicated in the technical specifications of the gasifier system.

4.6.2 Biogas

Biogas is a clean, non-polluting and smoke & soot free fuel

generally burns with blue flame. Biogas is formed by
microorganisms decomposing biomass in the absence of oxygen, a
process called anaerobic digestion. This gas can be used as a fuel in
an internal combustion engine for motive power or used as a
cooking / lighting fuel in village homes.

Biogas, the gas produced from animal excreta, biomass etc. seems
to be the best option for meeting the domestic fuel requirement of
rural area due to following reasons:

 Almost all households in village have cattle population.

 Biogas technology offers the optimal utilization of the animal
excreta by producing gas for meeting the domestic energy needs
and good quality organic manure for agriculture.
 Biogas technology is indigenous and easy to operate & maintain. It
doesn’t need any specific qualification/expertise for operation &
 maintenance. Hence the rural population can easily operate &
maintain the same.
 It is clean and green fuel, without smoke or odor, and is easy to use
option for the women in the household.
 Fuel wood use causes lungs and eye diseases among the women
and children in the houses due to smoke whereas biogas, being
smokeless fuel, protects them from this life-threaten diseases.

4.6.2.1Technical details of biogas plants:

A typical biogas plant is comprised of a digester in which the slurry

(dung mixed with water) is fermented, an inlet tank used to mix the
feed and let it into the digester, a gas holder/dome in which the
generated gas is collected, an outlet tank to remove the spent
slurry, Gas Cleaning System and Engine with alternator

Technical parameters of the Biogas unit are given in the following

chart:

Table 4.21 Technical Parameters of 1 m3 Biogas Unit

Designation Characteristics Cattle dung (Gobar)

Daily biogas required (per selected family) 2-3 cubic
Daily feed 45-70 kg (fresh)/day
Water required to slurry 45-70 lits/day
Daily effluent 90-150 lits
Solids Retention time 30-35 days
Gas delivery pressure 10 cm water column
Methane content 45 – 55%

There are various biogas plant models available in the market. All
these models are based on one of the two basic designs available,
floating metal drum type, fixed masonry dome type. For the
proposed project, we recommend installation of Deenbandhu
model (fixed/floating dome) of biogas plant.

Deenbandhu model was developed in 1984, by Action for Food

Production (AFPRO), a voluntary organization based in New Delhi.
Deenbandhu has probably been the most significant development
in the entire biogas programme of India as it reduced the cost of
 the plant to almost half that of KVIC model, and brought biogas
technology within the reach of even the poorer sections of the
population.

4.6.2.2 Energy Efficient Devices

For families not having adequate cattle population, it is proposed to

disseminate Improved Chulhas and use of charred briquettes in
remaining 98 houses of the project village. These ICs will be made
locally as per the specifications to be designed by Development
Alternatives. However TARA Nirman Kendra (TNK) will supply this
those ICs as per order.

4.6.2.3 Technical Specifications of Oil Expeller

Technical specifications of the oil expeller proposed to be installed
are as under:
Table 4.22: Technical Specifications of Oil Expeller

Designation Characteristics Cattle dung (Gobar)

Processing Capacity 30 to 50 kg/hour
(subject to change according to the
material)
Dimension 1100×1000×1000mm

Net Weight 200 kg

Gross Weight (including belt-cover, motor, common 300 kg
steel base)
M3 1.52
Required Power 3HP(2.2kw)

Table 4.23: Standard Accessories & Spare Parts:

Worm Shaft 1 pc
Cage Bars 1 set (16pcs/set)
Taper Rings 2 pcs
Spacers 3 pcs
Spanner 1 pc
Angle Wrench 1 pc.
Driver 1 pc
Oil Receiving Plate 1 pc

4.7 Maintenance schedule for different energy

production /consumption systems:
The VEC will follow the instruction as given by the respective
technology suppliers. Record of all maintenance (as per Standard
Operating Procedure-SOP) work will be maintained for further
reference. Necessary training and capacity building of all operators
 will be provided to reduce chances of operational/accidental
breakdown.

Energy plantation
The main source of power generation in the proposed biomass
based generation plant is woody biomass. On the basis of assessment
made during household survey it is observed that every household collects
and consumes 10-12 kg wood per day/household. The villagers have
agreed to provide this much quantity of wood for the proposed power
plant if electricity is provided to them. Besides this, there is around 12-14
Ha waste land out of which the VEC will go for energy plantation to ensure
un-interrupted biomass supply necessary for running the power plant for
desire hours. The PIA will also nearby villages to sale their excess biomass
to VEC, to earn some revenue.
2.2.8 Budget estimation
Total cost of electrification project of village Lala Ka Pura is
estimated to be Rs.49,12,775 following major heads:
Fig in Rs.
Estimated capital cost for gasifier plant (including AMC); civil shed 18,72,500
and one flour mill as IGU.
Cost of other energy providing systems viz. energy plantation; 16,56,000
distribution network & household wiring; biogas plants; street lights
and ICs
Optional expenses being cost of one oil expeller 1,40,000
Capacity building costs 2,00,000
Execution and administration cost 10,44,275
Total cost 49,12,77
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