PRESENT SIMPLE VERB TO “BE”

 El verbo 'To be' tiene una importancia especial en inglés. Se corresponde a los verbos españoles
"ser" y "estar". Dependiendo del sentido de la frase deduciremos de cual de los dos se trata.
Example: I am English / Soy ingles I am in England / Estoy en Inglaterra
Tiene algunos usos especiales distintos a sus equivalentes españoles.
 Sirve para expresar la edad, en cuyo caso se traduce por 'tener':
Example:
Mary is 20 years old / Maria tiene 20 años I am 21 / Yo tengo 21 años
How old are you? / ¿Cuántos años tienes?
 Para expresar las sensaciones también se emplea el verbo 'to be' y equivale al 'tener' español.
Example:Are you hungry? / ¿Tienes hambre? He is thirsty / Tiene sed
 También para hablar sobre el tiempo atmosférico. En este caso se traduce por 'hacer'
Example:It's windy / Hace viento It's very cold / Hace mucho frío
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Personal Verb Short form Example Translation
Pronoun To Be
I am I’m I’m a student Soy estudiante
You are you're You’re from Puerto Montt Eres de Puerto Montt
She is she’s She’s the English teacher Ella es la profesora de inglés
He is he's He’s an excellent actor Él es un excelente actor
It is it’s It’s a very nice puppy Es un cachorro muy simpático
We are we're We’re in the classroom Estamos en la sala de clases
You are you're You’re very tired today Ustedes están muy cansados hoy día
They are they're They’re at the mall shopping Están de compras en el centro comercial

NEGATIVE FORM

Personal To Be + Short Example Translation

Pronoun not form
I am not I’m not I’m not a student No soy estudiante
You are not you're not You’re not from Puerto Montt No eres de Puerto Montt
you aren’t
She Is not she’s not She’s not the English teacher Ella no es la profesora de inglés
she isn’t
He Is not he's not He isn’t an excellent actor Él no es un excelente actor
he isn’t
It Is not it’s not It’s not a very nice puppy No es un cachorro muy simpático
it isn’t
We Are not we're not We aren’t in the classroom No estamos en la sala de clases
we aren’t
You Are not you're not You aren’t very tired today Ustedes no están muy cansados hoy día
 you aren’t
They Are not they're not They aren’t at the mall Ellos no están de compras en el centro
they aren’t shopping comercial

INTERROGATIVE FORM (Yes – No questions)

Estas preguntas se responden : sí ó no
Verb Personal Example Translation
To Be Pronoun
Am I? Am I a student? Soy yo estudiante?
Are You? Are you from Puerto Montt? Eres tú de Puerto Montt?
Is She? Is she the English teacher? Es ella la profesora de inglés?
Is He? Is he an excellent actor? És él un excelente actor?
Is It? Is it a very nice puppy? Es un cachorro muy simpático?
Are We? Are we in the classroom? Estamos nosotros en la sala de clases?
Are You? Are you very tired today? Están ustedes muy cansados hoy día?
Are They? Are they at the mall shopping? Están ellos de compras en el centro
comercial?

Ex: Are you from Pto Montt? Is he an excellent actor?

Yes, I am / No, I’m not Yes, he is / No, he isn’t
Are they at the mall shopping? Are we in the classroom?
Yes, they are / No, they aren’t Yes, we are / No, we’re not
WH- QUESTIONS
Where? ¿Dónde?  Where is my coat? ¿Dónde está mi abrigo?
What? ¿Qué? ¿Cuál? What is your name?¿Cuál es tu nombre?
When?¿Cuándo?When is their final exam?¿Cuándo es su examen final?

Practice
A) Put these sentences into the negative and interrogative form.

Aff.: Mr. Miller is a dentist.

Neg.:……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Inter:……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Aff.: My mother is at the supermarket.
Neg:……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Inter:……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Aff: Linda is my best friend.
Neg:………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Inte:………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Aff: We are a family
Neg. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Inter………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Aff: They are very busy today.
Neg………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Inter………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

B) Write the contractions.

a) I am  - ____________________                 e) She is not - ________________
b) You are not - _______________                 f) He is  - ___________________
c) They are  - _________________                 g) It is not - __________________
d) Am I? - ___________________                 h) We are not - ________________

C) Complete these sentences with the verb to be.

a) I ______________ happy.
b) She ____________ very nice.
c) It ______________ a notebook.
d) Gloria __________ the new teacher.
e) They ___________ my friends.
f) Gino ___________________ an athlete.
h) Mary and Peter __________ students.
i) The computer ____________ broken.
j) The line _________________ busy.
k) Joe and I ________________ roommates.

D) Correct the mistakes of these sentences. Not all of them are incorrect.
a) Mary aren't an actress. ______________________________________________________________
b) Steve is a lawyer. __________________________________________________________________
c) Are Angela your roommate? ___________________________________ ______________________
d) They isn't books. __________________________________________________________________
e) Are Joe and Sue friends? ____________________________________________________________
 
F) Write questions from these words.
a) (your mother at work?) Is your mother at work ?
b) (you tired?) _______________________________________________________________________?
c) (Melissa nice?) ____________________________________________________________________?
d) (she a good person?) _______________________________________________________________ ?
e) (they your friends?) ________________________________________________________________?
f) (I late?) __________________________________________________________________________?

G) Choose the correct alternative to complete the sentence

1.She ___________________ from France.
am
is
are

2. _____________________ you happy?

Am
Is
Are

3. _____________________ Mr. Jones a teacher?

Am
Is
Are

4. You ________________ not in my class.

am
is
are

5. The dogs _____________ in the yard.

am
is
are

6. ___________________ I in your seat?

Am
Is
Are