MESSAGE ENCODING IN IMAGES USING LIFTING

SCHEMES

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

G DEEPANRAJA (30107106008),
MOHAMMAD KALEEMULLAH (30107106021),
MOHAMMAD FEROZE KHAN (30107106024).

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

in

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

MOHAMMAD SATHAK A J COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,

CHENNAI

ANNA UNIVERSITY:: CHENNAI 600 025

APRIL 2011
 ANNA UNIVERSITY : CHENNAI 600 025

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report “MESSAGE ENCODING IN IMAGES USING

LIFTING SCHEMES” is the bonafide work of G DEEPANRAJA

(30107106008), MOHAMMAD KALEEMULLAH (30107106021) ,

MOHAMED FEROZE KHAN (30107106024) who carried out the project work

under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

T.R. GANESH BABU W. MARGARET AMUTHA

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

Department of ECE Department of ECE
Mohammad Sathak A J College Mohammad Sathak A J College
of Engineering, of Engineering,
Egattur, Chennai-603103. Egattur, Chennai-603103

INTERNAL EXEMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We give all the glory and honour to the almighty God who gave us the wisdom to
complete this project. We feel fortunate to have the support of our parents and our
family members, who by their indomitable spirit enabled us to reach our goal.

We devote our sincere thanks to our chairman Dr. S.M. HAMID ABDUL
QUADIR, our secretary Mr. S. M. KABEER of Mohamed Sathak Trust ,our
Special Director Mr. S.M. Yousuf and our director Mr. FAIZAL B. ABDUL
KADER in acknowledging all the facilities provided to us at the institution enabled
us to do us work of this magnitude.

We covey our delightful thanks to our beloved Principal Dr. J. HAMEED

HUSSAIN for their support to complete this project.

We take immense privilege in expressing our sincere gratitude to Mr. T.R.

GANESH BABU, HOD, Department of Electronics and Communication
Engineering, A.J. College of Engineering, who was the motivating source behind
all the UG students.

We are very much grateful to our Internal Guide, W. MARGARET AMUTHA,

assistant professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
A.J. College of Engineering, for her scholarly guidance and providing us the much
necessary support to carry out our project.
Also we thank all the staff members of the Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering for their kind advice and encouragement.

G DEEPANRAJA

MOHAMMAD KALEEMULLAH

MOHAMED FEROZE KHAN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO

ABSTRACT i
LIST OF FIGURES ii

1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Digital Image Processing 1

1.2 VLSI Techonlogy 2

2. LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1: Steganography 5
2.2: Wavelet Transform 7
2.3: Lifting Schemes 19
2.4: Least Significant Bit Insertion 21
3. SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION 27
3.1 Introduction to MATLAB 27
3.2 Xilinx Platform Studio (XPS) 29
3.3 Visual Basic 43
3.4 HyperTerminal 45
4. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION 47
4.1 Embedded Development Kit 47
4.2 Microblaze Processor 49
4.3 RS-232 STA NDARD 55

5. CODING 58
CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO

6. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 84

CONCLUSION 89

REFERENCES 90

BIBLIOGRAPHY 91
 ABSTRACT

This paper presents an information hiding technique that utilizes lifting

schemes to effectively hide information in color images. A successful
information hiding should result in the extraction of the hidden data from the
image with high degree of data integrity. Current trends favor using digital
image files as the cover file to hide another digital file that contains the
secret message or information.

Different streams of digital media can be used as a cover stream for a secret
message. Steganography is the art of writing secret messages so that only the
sender and the intended recipient are aware of the hidden message. This
paper introduces a method of secret message encoding that makes use of
wavelets. Wavelets break down the stream into high and low frequency
component parts called details and trends.

i
LIST OF FIGURES:
1.1. Representation of a Digital Image
1.2 VLSI Design Flow
2.1 Mother wavelet w(t)
2.2 Scaled wavelets
2.3 Scale and frequency
2.4 Single stage filtering
2.5 Decomposition and decimation
2.6 Multilevel decomposition
2.7 Wavelet Reconstruction
2.8 Reconstruction using upsampling
2.9 Reconstructed signal components
2.10 1D Wavelet Decomposition.
2.11 Subband Labeling Scheme for a one level, 2-D Wavelet Transform
2.12 Subband labeling Scheme for a Three Level, 2-D Wavelet Transform
2.13 The process of 2-D wavelet transform applied through three transform levels
3.1 Output Image
4.1 EDK System Design
4.2 Microblaze processor
4.3 Micro blaze core implemented in SPARTAN 3
4.4 A 25 pin connector as described in the RS-232 standard
6.1 Encryption Process
6.2 Decryption Process

ii