Drug Name Dosage & Route Action Indication Adverse Effects Contraindication Nursing Responsibility

GENTAMICIN Moderate to Special Senses:

Broad-spectrum Parenteral use History of Assessment & Drug
SULFATE Severe Infection Ototoxicity (vestibular
aminoglycoside restricted to treatment hypersensitivity to or Effects
(jen-ta-mye'sin) Adult: IV/IM 1.5–2 disturbances, impaired
antibiotic derived from of serious infections of toxic reaction with any
mg/kg loading hearing), optic neuritis.
Micromonospora GI, respiratory, and aminoglycoside
dose followed by CNS: neuromuscular  Lab tests: Perform C&S
Garamycin, Garamycin purpurea. Action is urinary tracts, CNS, antibiotic. Safe use
3–5 mg/kg/d in 2– blockade: skeletal and renal function prior
Ophthalmic, Genoptic usually bacteriocidal. bone, skin, and soft during pregnancy
3 divided doses muscle weakness, to first dose and
tissue (including (category C) or lactation
Intrathecal 4–8 apnea, respiratory periodically during
Classifications: burns) when other less is not established
mg preservative paralysis (high doses); therapy; therapy may
ANTIINFECTIVE; toxic antimicrobial
free q.d. Topical arachnoiditis begin pending test
AMINOGLYCOSIDE agents are ineffective
1–2 drops of (intrathecal use). CV: results. Determine
ANTIBIOTIC or are contraindicated.
solution in eye q4h hypotension or creatinine clearance and
Has been used in
up to 2 drops q1h hypertension. GI: serum drug
combination with other
or small amount of Nausea, vomiting, concentrations at
antibiotics. Also used
ointment b.i.d. or transient increase in frequent intervals,
topically for primary
t.i.d. AST, ALT, and serum particularly for patients
and secondary skin
Child: IV/IM 6–7.5 LDH and bilirubin; with impaired renal
infections and for
mg/kg/d in 3–4 hepatomegaly, function, infants (renal
superficial infections of
divided doses splenomegaly. immaturity), older adults,
external eye and its
Intrathecal >3 Hematologic: patients receiving high
adnexa.
mo, 1–2 mg Increased or decreased doses or therapy beyond
preservative free reticulocyte counts; 10 d, patients with fever
q.d. granulocytopenia, or extensive burns,
Neonate: IV/IM 2.5 thrombocytopenia edema, obesity.
mg/kg q12–24h (fever, bleeding  Repeat C&S if
tendency), improvement does not
Acute Pelvic thrombocytopenic occur in 3–5 d;
Inflammatory purpura, anemia. Body reevaluate therapy.
Disease as a Whole:  Note: Dosages are
Adult: IV/IM 2 Hypersensitivity (rash, generally adjusted to
mg/kg followed by pruritus, urticaria, maintain peak serum
1.5 mg/kg q8h exfoliative dermatitis, gentamicin
eosinophilia, burning concentrations of 4– 10
sensation of skin, drug g/mL, and trough
fever, joint pains, concentrations of 1–2
laryngeal edema, g/mL. Peak
anaphylaxis). concentrations above 12
g/mL and trough
concentrations above 2
 Contraindicatio
Drug Name Dosage & Route Action Indication Adverse Effects Nursing Responsibility
n

EPINEPHRINE Anaphylaxis Special Senses:

Naturally Temporary Hypersensitivity Assessment & Drug Effects
(ep-i-ne'frin) Adult: SC 0.1–0.5 Nasal burning or
occurring relief of to
mL of 1:1000 q10– stinging, dryness
catecholamin bronchospasm, sympathomimetic
15min prn IV 0.1– of nasal mucosa,  Monitor BP, pulse, respirations, and
Bronkaid Mist, e obtained acute asthmatic amines; narrow-
0.25 mL of 1:1000 sneezing, urinary output and observe patient
Epi-E-Zpen, from animal attack, mucosal angle glaucoma;
q10–15min rebound closely following IV administration.
Epinephrine adrenal congestion, hemorrhagic,
Child: SC 0.01 congestion. Epinephrine may widen pulse
Pediatric, EpiPen glands; also hypersensitivity traumatic, or
mL/kg of, 1:1000 Transient pressure. If disturbances in cardiac
Auto-Injector, prepared and cardiogenic
q10–15min prn IV stinging or rhythm occur, withhold epinephrine
Primatene Mist synthetically. anaphylactic shock; cardiac
0.01 mL/k burning of eyes, and notify physician immediately.
Suspension Acts directly reactions, dilatation,
g of 1:1000 q10– lacrimation,  Keep physician informed of any
on both alpha syncope due to cerebral
15min browache, changes in intake-output ratio.
and beta heart block or arteriosclerosis,
Neonate: IV headache,  Use cardiac monitor with patients
Classifications: receptors; the carotid sinus coronary
Intratracheal rebound receiving epinephrine IV. Have full
AUTONOMIC most potent hypersensitivity insufficiency,
0.01–0.03 mg/kg conjunctival crash cart immediately available.
NERVOUS SYSTEM activator of , and to restore arrhythmias,
AGENT; ALPHA- AND (0.1–0.3 mL/kg of hyperemia,
alpha cardiac rhythm organic heart or
BETA-ADRENERGIC 1:10,000) q3–5min allergy, iritis; with
receptors. in cardiac brain disease;
AGONIST; prn prolonged use:
Strengthens arrest. during second
BRONCHODILATOR melanin-like
myocardial Ophthalmic stage of labor;
Cardiac Arrest deposits on lids,
contraction; preparation is for local
Adult: IV 0.1–1 mg conjunctiva, and
increases used in anesthesia of
(1–10 mL of cornea; corneal
systolic but management of fingers, toes,
1:10,000) q5min as edema; loss of
may decrease simple (open- ears, nose,
needed Intracardi lashes
diastolic angle) genitalia. Safety
ac 0.1–1 mg (reversible);
blood glaucoma, during pregnancy
Child: IV 0.01 maculopathy with
pressure; generally as an (category C) or
mg/kg (0.1 mL/kg of central scotoma
increases adjunct to lactation is not
1:10,000) q5min as in aphakic
cardiac rate topical miotics established.
needed Intracardi patients
and cardiac and oral
ac 0.05–0.1 mg/kg (reversible).
output. carbonic
Body as a
anhydrase
Asthma Whole:
inhibitors; also
Adult: SC 0.1–0.5 Nervousness,
used as
mL of 1:1000 restlessness,
ophthalmic
q20min–4h Inhalat sleeplessness,
decongestant.
ion 1 inhalation q4h fear, anxiety,
Relaxes
prn tremors, severe
myometrium
Child: SC 0.01 headache,
and inhibits
mL/kg of 1:1000 cerebrovascular
uterine
q20min–4h Inhalat accident,
contractions.
ion 1 inhalation q4h weakness,
prn dizziness,
syncope, pallor,
sweating,
dyspnea.
 Dosage & Adverse Contraindicatio Nursing
Drug Name Action Indication
Route Effects n Responsibility

Bronchospas Synthetic Pregnancy

ALBUTEROL m sympathomimeti To relieve Body as a (category C), Assessment & Drug
(al-byoo'ter-ole)) Adult: PO 2–4 c amine and bronchospasm Whole: lactation. Use of Effects
mg 3–4 moderately associated Hypersensitivity oral syrup in
Accuneb, times/d, 4–8 selective beta2- with acute or reaction. CNS: children <2 y.
mg sustained  Monitor
adrenergic chronic Tremor,
Novosalmol  , therapeutic
release 2 agonist with asthma, anxiety,
Proventil, effectiveness
times/d comparatively bronchitis, or nervousness,
Proventil HFA, which is
Inhaled 1–2 long action. Acts other restlessness,
Proventil indicated by
inhalations q4– more reversible convulsions,
Repetabs, significant
6h prominently on obstructive weakness,
Salbutamol, subjective
Child: PO 2–6 beta2 receptors airway headache,
Ventolin, improvement
y, 0.1–0.2 (particularly diseases. Also hallucinations.
Ventolin in pulmonary
mg/kg t.i.d. smooth muscles used to CV: Palpitation,
Rotocaps, function
(max: 4 of bronchi, prevent hypertension,
Volmax within 60–90
mg/dose); 6– uterus, and exercise- hypotension,
12 y, 2 mg 3–4 vascular supply bradycardia, min after
Classifications: induced drug
times/d; to skeletal bronchospasm reflex
autonomic nervous administratio
Inhaled 6–12 muscles) than . tachycardia.
system agent; n.
y, 1–2 on beta1 (heart) Special Senses:
beta-adrenergic  Monitor for:
inhalations q4– receptors. Blurred vision,
agonist S&S of fine
6h Minimal or no dilated pupils.
(sympathomimetic) tremor in
effect on alpha- GI: Nausea,
; bronchodilator fingers,
adrenergic vomiting.
(respiratory smooth which may
receptors. Other: Muscle
muscle relaxant) interfere with
Inhibits cramps,
histamine hoarseness. precision
release by mast handwork.
cells.