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3. Two things which have different properties cannot be the same as each other
(Leibniz's law).
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4. Therefore, mental processes are not the same as physical processes.
4. Two things which have different properties cannot be the same as each other
(Leibniz's law).
--
5. Therefore, mental processes are not the same as physical processes.
Will Thong 2
3. Two things which have different properties cannot be the same as each other
(Leibniz's law).
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4. Therefore, reasons cannot be the same as causes or causally determined effects.
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5. Therefore, actions governed by reasons are not causally determined effects.
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6. Therefore, actions governed by reasons are free.
2. We can distinguish between the thief who decides to steal and the kleptomaniac
who is determined to steal.
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3. Therefore, some people have a free will.
Will Thong 3
2. The rules of chess govern but do not determine the moves in a chess game, so the
chess player could have moved another piece than she did.
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3. Therefore, the laws of nature govern but do not determine our actions, so we
could have acted otherwise than we did; in other words, we have free will.
2. Category mistakes are problems created by our use of language which occur when
things of one kind are presented as if they belonged to another.
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3. Therefore, anybody who presents 'mental processes' as belonging to the category
of 'things', thereby reifying mental processes, makes a category mistake.
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4. Therefore, substance dualism is wrong.