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Thandaveswara
The design consists of a depressed apron provided with T-shaped floor blocks that
accomplished by the formation of the hydraulic jump and by impact of the high-velocity
Dimensions of the Bhavani -type stilling basin is reduced compared to the conventional
stilling basin. Flow over the 32.92 m spillway discharges the flow to the stilling basin 9.1
m long and 3.05 m deep. A single row of T- shaped blocks at 4.87 m (center to center )
is shown in the figure given below. Each of the blocks is buttressed against the vertical
end wall of the basin by a long wall of 1.22 m wide and 1.52 m deep. The design is
developed by the Poondi Irrigation Research Station, Tamil Nadu. Cavitation of the
blocks in the Bhavani basin is unlikely to occur in this case in view of the large
submergence.
T blocks
2.44 m
Further experimentation may indicate the desirability of standardizing this design for
general use. Until this is done, individual model tests should be conducted to determine
Bhimgoda Barrage
The design of Bhimgoda barrage in Hardwar on Ganga was tested for the velocity and
pressure on the friction blocks and end sill. The barrage width is 455 m with 7
undersluice bays each of 18 m width. The barrage is designed for a flood discharge of
baffle blocks and T blocks, where a normally good modified jump is formed on the apron
been provided with 25 bays , 18.29 m width each and seperated by 3.05 m thick piers. It
has been designed for a maximum flood of 16 ,990 m3 / s . The bed rock in the spillway
portion is granite. The invert level of stilling basin below different bays was kept in
accordance with the rock level available at site. The dam was completed in the year
1957-58. Soon after putting the spillway into operation heavy damage to the
downstream works and river bed specially below bays 1 to 3 were observed. Based on
subsequent model studies properly anchored T-shaped blocks of size 4.88 m * 2.44 m *
2.44 m were added in basins below bays 7 to 18 in 1967 while no modification was
carried out in remaining bays. 84 numbers mild steel bars of 25 mm diameter anchored
to a depth of 1.5 m were provided in each block for holding them in position. The T-
blocks provided better stilling conditions resulting in the reduction of damages below
bays wherein these were added. However, during the flood of 1969, 14 out of 24 blocks
were got uprooted and thrown out of the basin due to excessive drag force exerted by
consisting of a central block with two side blocks having a passage for guiding the flow
to secure direct impingement of emerging jets was evolved. These blocks besides being
more effective in energy dissipation will be subjected to 2.25 times lesser hydrodynamic
drag as compared to T-blocks. The construction of jet deflector blocks will involve large
scale drilling and grouting thereby endangering the safety of the spillway. Heavy C.C.
Reference
Kuttiammu T.P and J.V. Rao "Bhavani stilling basins for spillway of large dams, fourth
congress, Large dams, Report Number 44, New Delhi, India, 1955.