2009–2010

Undergraduate programmes in Law

Bachelor of Laws (LLB)

Diploma in Law and
Diploma in the Common Law
by External study

Academic direction by:

Birkbeck
King’s College London
The London School of Economics and Political Science
Queen Mary
School of Oriental and African Studies
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb UCL (University College London)
Undergraduate study in Laws
Glossary of terms
n Credit transfer – Recognition
of prior university study for the
purpose of admitting students
for Graduate Entry or accepting
individual subjects as completed.
n Examination entry – The form that
you fill in to register for examinations.
n External student – A student
registered for an External
programme of study.
n External System – The structure that
provides support and delivery for
‘External study’, i.e. the framework
by which someone is able to earn
a University of London award
without attending a College or
Institute of the University.
n Federal University – The University of
London is a federal university made
up of 19 Colleges and 10 Institutes.
n Graduate Entry Route – If you already
have a full first degree (acceptable
to the University) you may opt
for this study route, where nine
subjects are studied instead of 12.
n Intermediate subjects – The first
group of subjects that you will
study and be examined in.
n Laws Consortium – The academic
direction for the Laws programmes
by External study is provided by
a consortium of those Colleges
of the University that have a Law
School/Faculty: Birkbeck, King’s
College London, The London
School of Economics and Political
Science, Queen Mary, School of
Oriental and African Studies, and
UCL (University College London).
n Laws Skills Portfolio – For
a Qualifying Law Degree,
final-year students submit
evidence of attainment in legal
research and other skills.
n Occasional student – If you meet
the entrance requirements you may
choose to study one or more of
the subjects from the syllabus as a
short course. You may choose to be
examined on this subject and, on
passing, will receive a certificate.
n Qualifying Law Degree (QLD) – A
degree that satisfies the legal
professional bodies’ requirements
for the Academic Stage of legal
training for England and Wales,
and enables students to enter the
Vocational Stage of training as a
solicitor or a barrister where they will
gain practical knowledge and skills.
n Regulations – The rules governing
the structure and content of your
programme, as well as progression
and assessment details. The
regulations for all our programmes
can be found online at: www.
londonexternal.ac.uk/current_
students/general_resources/
regulations/index.shtml

Contents
Undergraduate study in Laws
Key points 2
The University of London
and the External System 3
Welcome to a global programme 4
The Laws Consortium 6
Studying with the Laws Programme 8
LLB programme 10
LLB structures 11
Graduate Entry Route structures 12
Diploma in Law 13
Using this prospectus
There is a colour coded band at the
top of each page in this prospectus.
The colour of this band either refers
to the different types of qualifications
on offer or to a specific piece of
information that you might need. The
red colour used as banding on this
page refers to any general information
related to the University or the suite
of qualifications. A guide to the other
colours used for different types of
qualifications is listed on the right.
Key dates
Application deadline:
You can apply throughout the year,
but we strongly advise you to apply
as early as possible. Applications
must be received no later than:
n 17 September*
(students resident outside the EU)
n 17 October*
(students resident within the EU)
Diploma in Law teaching institutions 14
Diploma in the Common Law 16
How you study 18
Help with your studies 20
Subject outlines 22
Progressing through your
course of study 27
The LLB as a Qualifying Law Degree in
England & Wales 28
The Laws programme team 30
General information
LLB Schemes A and B
Graduate Entry
Routes A and B
Diploma in Law
Diploma in the Common law
LLB/Diploma in the Common Law
registration deadline: 30 November*
Diploma in Law registration
deadline: 31 October*
Examinations take place: May/June
* In the year before you intend to
sit your first examinations.
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 1
Entrance requirements 32
Application and registration process 34
Documentary evidence 36
Recognition of prior study 38
Scholarships for External students 41
Qualifications for entrance 42
Tests of proficiency in English 49
Fees and contacts 50
Information for students with
a disability and/or special needs 52
How to apply
Recognition of prior study
Qualifications for entrance
Note: Diploma in Law students and
those who wish to receive institutional
support for the LLB should contact the
teaching institution, which may require
you to make an earlier application.
2 Undergraduate study in Laws
Key points: Information about studying on the Laws programmes
n Benefit from the intellectual
leadership and experience
in law of the Colleges of the
University of London.
n Develop your critical-thinking,
analytical and organizational
skills – essential for any career
in legal practice or business.
n The rigour and objectivity of final
examinations contributes to the high
value and confidence that is placed in
holders of a University of London LLB.
n Achieve a degree that has the
reputation as the ‘international
gold standard’ in legal education.
n Gain a Qualifying Law Degree
that allows you to progress onto
training as a solicitor or barrister in
many jurisdictions worldwide.
n Take advantage of the wide range of
entry levels, whatever your previous
educational background, including
a fast track for those who already
have an undergraduate degree.
n Choose from six routes allowing you
to pace your studies to fit in with
work and family commitments.
n The new Diploma in the Common
Law enables you to gain knowledge
and expertise in English common law.

The University of London and the
External System
Welcome from Sir Graeme Davies, Vice-Chancellor, University
of London and Professor Jonathan Kydd, Dean, External System
For more than 150 years, the
University through its External
System has been offering degree
programmes to students all over the
world. It has always prided itself on
being an international institution and
its External System demonstrates
this inclusive outlook. Today, it
has 45,000 students studying
in over 180 countries, bringing
the University to you through
flexible and distance learning.
As a family of world-class
institutions, the University has a
reputation for academic distinction
in teaching and research, both in
the UK and internationally. Ranging
The University of London
The University of London is one of
the leading universities in Europe. Its
world-class federation of 19 Colleges
and a number of smaller specialist
Institutes provides an unrivalled
range of education opportunities of
outstanding breadth and quality.
The University is unique in its size
and federal structure. Today, the
federation includes specialised
Colleges such as the Royal Veterinary
College, while others such as
UCL and LSE are multi-faculty.
In 1858, with the establishment of
its External System, the University
broke new ground by opening
up its awards to those who either
could not or did not wish to come
to London to study. This anticipated
twentieth century developments
in open, distance and flexible
learning by more than 100 years.
from education to
management, and from
law to philosophy, all
programmes offered
through the External
System are developed
by academics within
the Colleges of the
University. This ensures that our
awards are recognised worldwide
for their quality and value, and that
students benefit from the academic
rigour and cutting-edge research
undertaken within the Colleges.
Studying with the University
of London is one of the greatest
investments you can make in yourself.
Academics who teach and assess
campus-based students develop
and write the study materials for
our programmes. They also set the
exam papers and mark the scripts.
Robust quality assurance
mechanisms have been endorsed
by the Quality Assurance Agency
– the UK’s independent body for
safeguarding the quality and
standards of Higher Education.
External students are examined
to the same standard as that
required of students enroled
at the University’s constituent
Colleges. This principle of
equivalency is enshrined in our
Regulations: ‘Candidates granted
degrees and other awards shall
have attained the same academic
standard irrespective of mode or
place of study or examination’.
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 3
HRH The Princess Royal, Chancellor of the University
of London, viewing a sundial unveiled as part of the
University of London External System’s 150th Anniversary
celebrations in 2008. Pictured with Professor Jonathan
Kydd, Dean of the External System, and Sir Graeme
Davies, Vice-Chancellor, University of London.
We look forward to welcoming
you into our global community of
students and wish you every success.
Fact file
n The University of London
External System is the
world’s oldest provider of
degrees through distance
and flexible learning.
n Today, we have 45,000
students worldwide
studying on 100+ degrees,
diplomas and certificates.
n Former students and alumni
include six Nobel Prize winners,
leaders of Commonwealth
countries, government
ministers, renowned
authors, academics, judges
and business leaders.
n The External System’s reputation
internationally continues
to ensure our graduates
are to be found in leading
positions around the world.
n We have an active Alumni
Association which offers unique
networking opportunities.
4 Undergraduate study in Laws

Welcome to a global programme

Professor Wayne Morrison LLD, PhD, LLM, LLB
Professor of Law, Queen Mary, and Director, University of London External Undergraduate Laws Programme

Why study law with the
University of London
External Undergraduate
Laws Programme? In a
world where degrees
and degree providers are proliferating,
the University of London LLB by
External study offers the security of
an internationally recognised ‘gold
standard’ established for over 100 years.
The University of London was the
first university to offer a degree in
English law (the LLB), in the 1890s – and
that degree was made available to
External students from the start. The
high reputation of the University of
London LLB has been maintained
because External students are marked
to the same high standards of academic
rigour applied to campus-based
students. Upon graduation you will
join a distinguished group of lawyers,
solicitors, barristers and judges from
around the world who have obtained
their law degree as an External
student of the University of London.
A law degree is the usual starting
point to qualifying for legal practice
in the ‘common law’ world. The
common law tradition entails a
distinctive approach based on
the centrality of case law and the
techniques of interpreting cases.
While it forms a bridge between the
UK and the Commonwealth, it is also
increasingly important internationally
for understanding commerce and
trade as well as humanitarian law.
Seeking to become a legal
practitioner is not the only reason for
studying for a legal qualification. You
might already be working in a law
related field – in the police force or
social work, for example – and want
to enhance your legal knowledge
and professional standing. Your career
path might lie in the commercial or
financial professions, where legal
qualifications are highly valued not
only for specific knowledge of law
but also because of the transferable
skills that come with the study of
law such as mental dexterity and
problem-solving abilities. You might
be a special issue campaigner, lobbyist,
or might want to find out more
about how law works and possibly
go on to higher academic studies.
Many of you might be interested
in the Diploma in Law. It offers an
authoritative stand-alone qualification
in key common law subjects – for those
interested in gaining core knowledge of
common law – and also an alternative
way into LLB studies. Or you might
prefer the more flexible approach of
our new Diploma in the Common Law.
Studying for a law qualification by
External study with the University
of London is challenging. You will
need self-discipline and courage
and you will need to think carefully
about what is involved in finding
the time and the space to study
systematically. We provide many ways
of supporting you in your studies and
encourage you to take advantage
of all the available resources.
Whatever your reasons for study,
I can guarantee you that applying
yourself to studies in law will provide
a stimulating and challenging path.
Professor Wayne Morrison, Barrister and
Solicitor of the High Court of New Zealand

Laws programmes available

No. of subjects Study period Description
An award in its own right. Alternatively, on passing four subjects, students may
Diploma in Law 4 1–5 years transfer to the LLB programme, Scheme A or B; after passing three subjects students
may transfer to the LLB Scheme B.
Diploma in the Provides a grounding in the principal features of the English legal system, for
4 1–5 years
Common Law those who wish to gain some knowledge and expertise in English common law.
LLB Scheme A 12 3–8 years The traditional degree in which 12 subjects are taken in three stages.
Intended for students who wish to study at a more measured pace, with 12 subjects
LLB Scheme B 12 4–8 years
taken in four stages.
Graduate Entry Enables graduates with a degree awarded by an institution acceptable to the
9 2–8 years
Route A University to follow a shorter route, with nine subjects taken in two stages.
Graduate Entry Intended for graduates who wish to study at a more measured pace, with nine
9 3–8 years
Route B subjects taken in three stages.
An opportunity to register just for one or two subjects, if you would like to explore
how law works or you have an interest in a particular area of law or to develop your
career. You receive all the usual study materials for that subject and access to online
Occasional students 1–4 years resources – but Occasional students cannot, under any circumstances, transfer to
the LLB, Diploma in Law, Diploma in the Common Law or accumulate passes and
then apply to be awarded the degree.
Note: Occasional students must meet the normal entrance requirements.

The award you receive
As an External student you register
with the University of London for
a University of London award. The
academic direction of your programme
– including the syllabus, assessment,
learning resources and, where given,
academic support – is the responsibility
of a particular College, or consortium of
Colleges, of the University of London,
known as the ‘Lead College’. The Laws
Consortium act as the ‘Lead Colleges’
for the programmes in this prospectus.
When you graduate with a degree,
diploma or certificate from the
University of London you will be sent
two documents - a final diploma
(i.e. the parchment you receive on
graduation) and a Diploma Supplement.
The final diploma will indicate that you
were registered with the University of
London and awarded a University of
London degree, and give the name
of the Lead College which conducted
the examinations. The University of
London logo and signature of the
Vice-Chancellor of the University
of London are incorporated.
The Diploma Supplement will
describe the nature, level and content
of the programme you successfully
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 5
completed and include a transcript
of courses taken and marks achieved,
as well as the overall classification.
It also provides further information
about the role of the Lead College
and method of study. It explains that
there is no difference between the
standards of University of London
awards whether they are obtained
by External study or face-to-face at a
College of the University of London.
6 Undergraduate study in Laws

The Laws Consortium

The University of London External with Law Schools or Departments. The London School of Economics
Undergraduate Laws Programme Collectively, they are known as the and Political Science, Queen Mary, the
is governed academically by the Laws Consortium. The six Colleges School of Oriental and African Studies,
six University of London Colleges are: Birkbeck, King’s College London, and UCL (University College London).

Birkbeck
Since 1823, Birkbeck has forged its own path in higher
education, reaching out to people traditionally
excluded by other universities. Birkbeck is unique in
its special mission to enable mature students to gain
higher education qualifications via part-time study.
Today, Birkbeck is ranked among the leading UK
university institutions for its excellence in research in
the humanities, social sciences and natural sciences.

King’s College London

Established in 1829, King’s College London is one of
the oldest and largest multifaculty colleges of the
University. The College has been responsible for some
of the discoveries that have shaped the modern
world, such as the development of antiseptic and
the discovery of the structure of DNA. It enjoys a
worldwide reputation for teaching and research, and
its alumni include eight Nobel laureates. Today, King’s
has the largest medical and dental schools in the UK.

The London School of Economics

and Political Science (LSE)
Since its foundation in 1895, LSE has been regarded
as an international centre of academic excellence and
innovation in the social sciences. Its teaching and
research is recognised worldwide as a benchmark of
quality. Thirteen Nobel Prize winners in Economics,
Literature and Peace, some 30 past or present heads of
state, and around 60 current members of the Houses
of Parliament have either studied or taught at LSE.
 www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 7

Queen Mary, University of London

Queen Mary is one of the largest Colleges of the
University, with a rich and diverse heritage. The College
began life in 1887 as the People’s Palace, a philanthropic
endeavour to provide East Londoners with education
and social activities. In the latest Research Assessment
Exercise (RAE) published in December 2008, which
sees every university in the UK submit a dossier of their
best researchers' work in 67 disciplines on which they
are graded and ranked, Queen Mary rose dramatically
to 13th place, from 48th place in the 2001 RAE.

School of Oriental and

African Studies (SOAS)
SOAS is the world’s largest centre for the study of
Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Since its formation
in 1916, SOAS has built an enviable reputation
around the globe for the calibre of its programmes,
teaching and research. The School’s range of
awards in the social sciences, arts and humanities
is underpinned by the regional expertise and
cross-disciplinary emphasis in all its teaching.

UCL (University College London)

Founded in 1826, UCL was the first university in England
to admit students of any race, class or religion, and
the first to welcome women on equal terms with
men. UCL was also the first to offer degrees in English
literature, modern European languages and geography,
and pioneered the university-based teaching of law,
architecture and medicine. Described by The Times
newspaper as ‘an intellectual heavyweight by any
standard’, UCL has built an outstanding reputation for
the quality of its teaching and research. Nobel Prizes
have been awarded to 18 academics and graduates.
8 Undergraduate study in Laws
Studying with the Laws programme
We offer you an alternative way
of obtaining a prestigious law
qualification at a reasonable cost.
Our educational aims
The Laws Programme is committed to:
n Promoting independent learning
We support you in developing your
capacity to manage your own learning.
n Providing a wealth of resources
The Laws Virtual Learning Environment
and Online Library provide a resource-
rich learning environment in which
to develop your legal research skills.
n Offering expert guidance in law
Our study materials are informed by
current research and scholarship. You
are offered the opportunity not only
to know the law but to understand it.
n Developing ‘transferable’
intellectual skills
You will develop analytical and
problem-solving skills and learn
how to construct arguments.
n Enabling you to develop critical
awareness
Learn how to stand back and
consider the ‘bigger picture’, develop
an awareness of the context of
law, nationally and globally.
n Understanding the language of law
Learning how to use legal discourse
is crucial for success. Written and
oral communication skills are vital.
Recognition of the degree
University of London degrees are
recognized worldwide for their quality
and academic rigour. Many leading
lawyers, judges and barristers around the
world have a University of London LLB.
If your purpose in undertaking the LLB
is to practise as a solicitor or barrister
in your own jurisdiction, please be
aware that different jurisdictions
have varying prescriptions about
required subjects and also subsidiary
requirements, e.g. the number of
attempts at passing examinations. It
is important that you check with the
relevant professional legal body in the
country in which you hope to practice
before applying for the programme.
Rigorous academic standards
A University of London LLB signals that
you have achieved globally recognized
standards. We jealously guard the quality
of our degrees and do not dilute our
standards and examination processes in
order to increase the numbers passing
the degree. All examination scripts
are marked by University of London
approved academics, so you and your
employer can rely on the integrity of your
award and can be confident about the
standard of achievement it represents.
You are examined to
our high standards
For all subjects except the LLB final-
year Dissertation option, assessment is
entirely by unseen written three-hour
examinations at the end of each stage
of study. Examinations are held in
May/June at local centres in over 180
different countries as well as in London.
Enhanced career prospects
The LLB Honours degree allows you
to progress on to the Vocational
Stage of legal training as a solicitor or
barrister in many jurisdictions around
the world (subject to conditions,
please see ‘The LLB as a Qualifying
Law Degree’ on page xx).
A law qualification isn’t just for lawyers.
You may wish to undertake law studies
to work in policing, social work and
other law-related or paralegal careers;
in the commercial or financial sectors;
or you may simply be motivated by
intellectual interest, perhaps with a view
to pursuing a higher degree in law.
Flexible study period
We offer from:
n 3–8 years to complete the LLB
n 2–8 years to complete the LLB
if you are already a graduate
n 1–5 years for the Diploma in Law and
the Diploma in the Common Law.
Before you apply please check with
the professional body in the country
you wish to practice in, as they may
have a maximum time period in which
your studies should be completed.
Fitting your studies
into your schedule
For the LLB, you must pass all of the
examinations for the part or stage
at the same examination sitting. If
you fail one of the examinations,
you need to resit all of the papers
for that part or stage. You can sit the
examinations a maximum of four times.
We strongly recommend that, unless
you are attending classes on a full-time
basis at an institution, you take the
slower route. As a guideline, you need
to dedicate at least 20 hours per week
for approximately 38 weeks of the year
if you intend to complete the maximum
of four subjects in any one year.
Further advice about
a career in Law
You should begin by talking to
professional legal bodies to see if
they can advise you. A local career
advisor may also be able to help.
Visit our websites
The Laws Programme provides a range
of open access resources, including
pre-course exercises, reading lists and
subject guides, which you are welcome
to consult. Please visit:
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/current_
students/programme_resources/laws
 www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 9

‘Students often ask what ensures success? The answer is simple: student active
learning. The process requires the person to take control of their learning,
to engage with the materials, to note the learning outcomes in the subject
guides and self-assess the extent to which they are achieving them. Students
need to engage with the activities in the subject guides, read the materials
provided and critically engage with the actual questions in the assessment. In
distance learning we communicate through the learning resources we provide’.
Wayne Morrison, Director, External Undergraduate Laws Programme
10 Undergraduate study in Laws

LLB programme
What is an LLB?
The LLB provides you with a solid
grounding in the concepts and
frameworks of the English legal system.
The University of London LLB has
long been recognised as providing
an international ‘gold standard’.
In all jurisdictions you need to undertake
an additional professional practice
course to learn all the practical skills to
qualify to work as a solicitor or barrister.
This qualification is for you if:
n You want to obtain an LLB degree
of international standing which
has provided the first step on a
career route for many thousands
of practising lawyers worldwide.
n You wish to develop a critical
awareness of the common law
legal tradition and be able to apply
analytical and problem-solving skills in
a range of legal and non-legal settings.
n You would like to enhance key skills
of communication, information
literacy, analysis and argument.
Features of the LLB
n The LLB is examined according to the
same standards as applied to College-
based students studying the LLB.
n You can complete the LLB in a
minimum of three years or a
maximum of eight years.
n If you are already a graduate,
you can complete the LLB in
a minimum of two years and
a maximum of eight years.
n For a Qualifying Law Degree,
you must satisfactorily complete
the Laws Skills Portfolio.
Note: Students seeking a Qualifying Law
Degree should consult page 28.

Profile: Gisela Stuart | LLB graduate

‘Studying, revising, looking
after a family and staying
sane was no easy task! I was
lucky; I had a tolerant and
supportive spouse, children
who respond to a flexible
routine, and the stamina and
determination needed of
success. I was thrilled when
I actually completed the
degree: the presentation
ceremony at the Barbican
Centre was one of the most
moving and magnificent
experiences of my life. I am
now MP for Birmingham
Edgbaston. This is due in
no small part to the skills
I acquired as an External
student at the University
of London’.
Gisela is MP for
Birmingham Edgbaston.
 www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 11

LLB structures
Scheme A: 12 subjects Scheme B: 12 subjects
This is the degree in its traditional format. It is divided This scheme is intended for students who wish or need to
into three Parts. study at a more measured pace. Unless you are studying
full time at a teaching institution we strongly advise you
Intermediate examination (four subjects) to choose Scheme B. Here, the Intermediate, Part I and
n Common law reasoning and institutions Part II subjects of Scheme A are taken over four Years.
n Criminal law
First Year ✝ (three subjects)
n Elements of the law of contract
Any three of the following subjects
n Public law n Common law reasoning and institutions
Final examination Part I (four subjects) n Criminal law
n Land law n Elements of the law of contract
n Law of tort n Public law
Law of trusts
n
Second Year ✝ (three subjects)
AND one optional subject
The remaining subject from the First Year list not
Final examination Part II (four subjects) already taken plus two of the following subjects
n Jurisprudence and legal theory n Land law
AND three optional subjects n Law of tort
Optional subjects Part I or II n Law of trusts
n Administrative law Third Year ✝ (three subjects)
n Civil and criminal procedure The remaining subject from the Second Year list
n Commercial law not already taken plus two optional subjects
n Company law Fourth Year ✝ (three subjects)
n Criminology n Jurisprudence and legal theory

n EU law✱ AND two optional subjects

n Evidence Scheme B optional subjects (Third/Fourth Year ✝)
n Family law n Administrative law
n History of English law n Civil and criminal procedure
n International protection of human rights n Commercial law
n Introduction to Islamic law n Company law
n Labour law n Criminology
n Public international law n EU law✱
Optional subjects Part II only n Evidence
n Conflict of laws n Family law
n Intellectual property n History of English law
n Succession n International protection of human rights
n Dissertation n Introduction to Islamic law
n Labour law
✱ In England & Wales, the Solicitors Regulation Authority and Bar
Standards Board require students registering in or after September n Public international law
2001 to pass ‘EU law’ in order to obtain a Qualifying Law Degree. n Succession
✝ ‘Year’ in the description of Scheme B and Graduate Entry Route
B does not mean that Scheme B has to be completed in four years
Fourth Year option only:
or Graduate Entry Route B in three years. Students have up to n Dissertation
eight years to complete their degree.
Students ultimately seeking an LLB with ‘Qualifying
Law Degree’ status need to read page 28
12 Undergraduate study in Laws

Graduate Entry Route structures

If you have a full first degree, you may be eligible to take the LLB degree on Graduate Entry Route A (minimum two years)
or Graduate Entry Route B (minimum three years).
Note: Unless you are studying full time at an independent teaching institution, we strongly advise you to choose Graduate Entry Route B.

Graduate Entry Route A: nine subjects Graduate Entry Route B: nine subjects

Level 1 (four subjects) First Year ✝ (three subjects)

n Common law reasoning and institutions Any three of the following subjects
n Criminal law n Common law reasoning and institutions

n Elements of the law of contract n Criminal law

n Public law n Elements of the law of contract
Final examination (five subjects) n Public law
n Land law Second Year ✝ (three subjects)
n Law of tort The remaining subject from the First Year list not
already taken plus two of the following subjects
n Law of trusts
n Land law
PLUS any two of the following subjects
n Administrative law n Law of tort
n Civil and criminal procedure n Law of trusts
n Commercial law Third Year ✝ (three subjects)
n Company law The remaining subject from the Second Year
list not already taken plus two of the
n Criminology
following subjects
n EU law✱
n Administrative law
n Evidence
n Civil and criminal procedure
n Family law
n Commercial law
n History of English law
n Company law
n Intellectual property
n Criminology
n International protection of human rights
n EU law✱
n Introduction to Islamic law
n Evidence
n Jurisprudence and legal theory
n Family law
n Labour law
n History of English law
n Public international law
n Intellectual property
n Succession
n International protection of human rights
n Dissertation
n Introduction to Islamic law
✱ In England & Wales, the Solicitors Regulation Authority and n Jurisprudence and legal theory
Bar Standards Board require students registering in or after n Labour law
September 2001 to pass ‘EU law’ in order to obtain a Qualifying
Law Degree. n Public international law
✝ ‘Year’ in the description of Scheme B and Graduate Entry Route n Succession
B does not mean that Scheme B has to be completed in four years
or Graduate Entry Route B in three years. Students have up to n Dissertation
eight years to complete their degree.
Students ultimately seeking an LLB with ‘Qualifying
Law Degree’ status need to read page 28
 www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 13

Diploma in Law programme

The Diploma in Law is a qualification
in its own right that also provides
an entry route to degree study. The
subjects studied in the Diploma are
the same as the first four Intermediate
subjects of the LLB. The Diploma
in Law may be studied full time or
part time, but only if students have
registered through, and are studying
at, a teaching institution that has been
given 'Permission to teach' status by
the University (please see next page).
This qualification is for you if:
n You have the ability, motivation
and self-discipline to study at
degree level, but do not have the
qualifications usually required to
enter a degree programme.
n You have the necessary qualifications
to embark on a degree programme,
but would prefer a programme
with more teaching support.
n You intend to undertake a degree
programme but would like to gain a
recognised qualification after one year.
Features of the Diploma in Law:
n You can achieve a widely Diploma in Law structure
recognised law qualification in
some of the core legal subjects Four compulsory subjects
without committing to the full LLB
n Common law reasoning and institutions
programme, but with the option to
go on to the full LLB programme. n Criminal law
n You can complete the Diploma n Elements of the law of contract
in a minimum of one year and n Public law
a maximum of five years.
AND
n The Diploma is examined
according to the same standards n Your teaching institution will also provide classes
as applied to College-based in study skills and, where necessary, additional
English language support. You will be expected
students studying the LLB.
to have undertaken research exercises and
n You can transfer into the second stage
made extensive use of Online Library resources.
of the LLB programme after successful
completion of three or four subjects.
n You must register with a Diploma
in Law teaching institution Students ultimately seeking an LLB with ‘Qualifying
so that you can benefit from Law Degree’ status need to read page 28
the extra tuition support.

Diploma in Law teaching How to apply for the

institutions
Teaching institutions given 'Permission
to teach' the Diploma in Law by the
University are listed on the following
page. In order to gain this status,
teaching institutions must submit
a detailed written application and
satisfy the University that they
meet certain criteria. The University
is not liable for any deficiencies in
the teaching provided at Diploma
teaching institutions. Students should
be aware that this status can be
withdrawn from a teaching institution
at any time and at short notice.
Diploma in Law
Applications for the Diploma must
be submitted through a teaching
institution and not to the University
of London directly. Full details about
the Diploma, including entrance
criteria, syllabuses and application
forms should be obtained from
the teaching institution at which
the student intends to enrol, not
from the University of London.
14 Undergraduate study in Laws
Diploma in Law teaching institutions
The teaching institutions listed below are permitted by the University of London to teach for the Diploma in Law. Please note that
this list is subject to change. At the time of going to press several teaching institutions were under active consideration for being
granted ‘Permission to teach’ status. Please check our website for the latest details: www.londonexternal.ac.uk/directory
Bangladesh
Bhuiyan Academy
Academy of Law, Business
Administration and Research
n House No. 13, Road No. 7
Dhanmondi R/A, Dhaka-1205
n Tel: 00 88 02 861 3001
n Fax: 00 88 02 861 3910
/ 00 88 02 861 3658
n Email: rabia@bangla.net
n www.bhuiyanacademy.com
British School of Law
n House CWN(B) 21, Road No. 35
Gulshan 2, Dhaka 1212
n Tel: 00 88 02 882 8125
n Fax: 00 88 02 882 7992
n Email: bsl@dominox.com /
andalib_rahman@msn.com
n www.bslbd.com
Dhaka Centre for Law
and Economics
n House No. 30, Road No. 14-A
Dhanmondi R/A, Dhaka 1209
n Tel: 0088 02 9134177/ 9111628
n Fax: 0088 02 8121000
n Email: dclebd@yahoo.com
n www.dcle.com
London College of Legal Studies
(South)
n 58, Kalabagan First Lane
Shaheed Abdul Matin Road
Dhaka 1205
n Tel: + 88 02 914 6197
n Email: khaledhc@gmail.com; khc@
lclsbd.net; khc@accesstel.net
n www.lclsbd.net
(North)
n Gulshan Campus, Road #28
House #49, Gulshan, Dhaka 1212
n Tel: 00 88 02 988 9778
n Email: khc@accesstel.net
n www.lclsbd.net
Newcastle Law Academy
n House No. 44, Road No. 3A
Dhanmondi R/A, Dhaka 1209
n Tel: 0088 02 912 1439; 02 812 3035
n Fax: 0088 02 912 7231
n Email: ncla@accesstel.net
n www.nclaedu.com/law.html
Germany
Universität Passau
n Dekanat Jura, Room 103e NK
94032 Passau
n Tel: 00 49 851 509 2375
n Fax: 00 49 851 509 2207
n Email: andrew.otto@uni-passau.de
n www.uni-passau.de
Hong Kong SAR
University of Hong Kong
School of Professional and
Continuing Education
n University of London External
System (Admissions Unit)
n Room 313, 3/F, Admiralty Centre
18 Harcourt Road
n Tel: 00 852 3761 1122
n Fax: 00 852 2527 0489
n Email: londonu@hkuspace.hku.hk
n www.hkuspace.hku.hk
Lingnan Institute of
Further Education
n Room 233, 2/F, Tsim Sha Tsui Centre
66 Mody Road, Tsim Sha Tsui
Kowloon
n Tel: 00 852 2739 7342
n Fax: 00 852 2369 1268
n Email: llb@ln.edu.hk
n www.ln.edu.hk
School of Professional
Education and Executive
Development (SPEED)
n Room QR802, 8/F, Core R
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Hung Hom, Kowloon
n Tel: 00 852 3400 2828
n Fax: 00 852 2363 0540
n Email: speed@polyu.edu.hk
n www.speed.polyu.edu.hk
Ireland, Republic of
Holy Trinity College
n Cork Law School
15–16 Washington Street
Cork
n Tel: 00 353 21 4276 267
n Fax: 00 353 21 4275 632
n Email: holytrinitycollege@eircom.net
n www.htccorklawschool.ie
Jamaica
University College of
the Caribbean
n 17 Worthington Avenue
Kingston 5
n Tel: 00 876 929 2830 / 2834
n Fax: 00 876 968 1926
n Email: intlprogrammes@uccjm.com
n www.uccjm.com
 www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 15

Pakistan Singapore

L’Ecole for Advanced Studies ITC – School of Laws

n 211 Khayaban-e-Shaheen, Phase VIII
Defence House Authority
Karachi
n Tel: 0092 21 5848791; 5848796
n Fax: 0092 21 5848798; 5848799
n Email: lecolekarachi@lecole.edu.pk
n www.lecole.edu.pk
n 175A Bencoolen Street, 12th Storey
Burlington Square
Singapore 189650
n Tel: 00 65 6238 0377
n Fax: 00 65 6238 0577
n Email: enquiries@itc2u.com
n www.itc2u.com United Kingdom

Islamabad School of Law Stansfield College Holborn College

n House # 15, Street # 22
Sector F-8/2
44000 Islamabad
n Tel: 0092 51 7133445
n Fax: 0092 51 2255355
n Email: lawskool@comsats.net.pk
n 1250/252 Middle Road
Singapore 188983
n Tel: 00 65 6338 0300
n Fax: 00 65 6338 0400
n Email: degree@stansfield.edu.sg
n www.stansfield.edu.sg
n Woolwich Road, Charlton
London SE7 8LN
n Tel: 020 8317 6000
n Fax: 020 8317 6001
n Email: hlt@holborncollege.ac.uk
n www.holborncollege.ac.uk

Pakistan College of Law Kensington College of Business

n 46 Tipu Block
New Garden Town
Lahore
n Tel: 0092 42 5831801; 5831838
n Fax: 0092 42 5832041
n Email: info@pcl.edu.pk;
hum@brain.net.pk
n www.pcl.edu.pk
The Institute of Legal
Studies (TILS)
n 15, Aziz Avenue, Canal Bank
Gulberg V, Lahore
n Tel: 0092 42 571 1001/2
n Fax: 0092 42 571 3820
n Email: tils@wol.net.pk
n www.tils.edu.pk
University College Lahore
n 1.5km from Thoker Niaz Baig
Raiwind Road
53700 Lahore
n Tel: 0092 42 751 5851
n Fax: 0092 42 751 5854
n Email: uclhr@ucl.edu.pk
n www.ucl.edu.pk
n Wesley House
Sri Lanka 4 Wild Court, Holborn
London WC2B 4AU
Royal Institute of Colombo n Tel: 020 7404 6330
n 189 Havelock Road n Fax: 020 7404 6708
Colombo 5 n Email: kcb@kensingtoncoll.ac.uk
n Tel: 00 94 11 255 6329 n www.kensingtoncoll.ac.uk
n Fax: 00 94 11 25 56329
n Email: royaldgr@sltnet.lk Middlesex College of Law
n www.ric.lk n Station House, 11-13 Masons Avenue
Wealdstone, Harrow
Middlesex HA3 5AH
n Tel: 020 8424 2442
Trinidad and Tobago n Fax: 020 8424 2445
n Email: info@
Academy of Tertiary middlesexcollegeoflaw.co.uk
Studies (ATS) n www.middlesexcollegeoflaw.co.uk
n 34 Southern Main Road
Curepe
n Tel: 00 1 868 663 9495
n Fax: 00 1 868 663 9831
n Email: queries@atstnt.com
n www.atstnt.com
K Beckles & Associates,
Law Tutors
n 12 Flament Street
Port of Spain
n Tel: 00 1 868 636 4192
n Fax: 00 1 868 624 6793
n Email: kbeckleslaws@yahoo.com
n www.kbeckleslaw.com
16 Undergraduate study in Laws
Diploma in the Common Law
New for Autumn 2009
The Diploma in the Common Law is
a new, flexible course aimed at those
who wish to gain some knowledge and
expertise in English common law to
enhance their existing qualifications.
The Diploma in the Common Law is
a qualification in its own right, designed
to offer flexibility of subject choice for
students who are eligible for admission
to the LLB but who do not necessarily
wish to register for the full degree.
This qualification is for you if:
n You have the ability, motivation
and self-discipline to study at
degree level but do not want to
commit to a full LLB programme
n You would like to enhance key skills
of communication, information
literacy, analysis and argument
n You want the flexibility to pace your
studies to fit in with your other
commitments as you have up to 5
years to complete this diploma
n You want the flexibility to choose
subjects to fit your needs
Features of the Diploma
in the Common Law
n Flexibility both in respect of the
time you can take to complete it
and in the choice of subjects
n The subjects you take are examined
to the same standards which
are applied to both internal and
external students studying for the
LLB with the University of London
n Specially developed course materials
and a wealth of online resources,
including an online library and
online learning environment.
Flexible study options
You have the flexibility to pace your
studies to fit in with your other
commitments as you have up to five
years to complete this Diploma.
Using the specially developed
course materials and a wealth of
online resources, including an
Online Library and Virtual Learning
Environment, you are able to study
independently, when convenient to you.
Alternatively, additional study support
may be available from independent
institutions in certain countries.
Diploma in the Common
Law structure
One compulsory subject
n Common law reasoning and institutions
(Intermediate Subject)
Plus three optional subjects chosen from
the following:
n Criminal law (Intermediate Subject)
n Public law (Intermediate Subject)
n Elements of the law of contract
(Intermediate Subject)
n Law of tort
n Law of trusts (co/prerequisite ‘Land law’)
n Land law
n Jurisprudence and legal theory
n Administrative law
n Commercial law (co/prerequisite
‘Elements of the law of contract’)
n Company law (co/prerequisite
‘Elements of the law of contract’)
n Conflict of laws
n Criminology
n EU law
n Evidence (co/prerequisite ‘Criminal law’)
n Family law
n History of English law
n Intellectual property (co/prerequisite
‘Elements of the law of contract’)
n International protection of human rights
n Introduction to Islamic law
n Labour law (co/prerequisite ‘Elements
of the law of contract’)
n Public international law
n Succession
Notes:
In addition to the compulsory subject ‘Common law
reasoning and institutions’, you choose three other subjects,
only two of which may be another Intermediate subject.
Co/prerequisites, when required, are shown in brackets
beside the appropriate subject(s). For example, you
need to have already studied ‘Land law’ (prerequisite) if
you want to choose ‘Law of trusts’ as an option – unless
you are studying the Diploma over one year as a full-
time student, in which case you would study ‘Land
law’ (corequisite) at the same time as ‘Law of trusts’.

Profile: Mary Luckham | Senior teaching fellow
'I am delighted to have been
involved in the development of
this new and innovative course
which has been developed
for those who do not wish
to study for a law degree but
would like to gain a qualification
in English common law and
want flexible study options.
Law is a fascinating subject
and it plays an increasingly
important role in all areas of
modern life. Whether you are
a business professional who
needs some knowledge of legal
systems – other than the one
in which you live and work – or
whether you are a student of
another discipline or someone
considering or following
a career in law in another
jurisdiction, this qualification
will be invaluable. Some
knowledge of the common
law is frequently essential
whether you work in a civil law
or common law jurisdiction
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 17
‘Some knowledge of the
common law is frequently
essential whether you
work in a civil law or
common law jurisdiction
and the Diploma in the
Common Law will provide
you with the opportunity
to gain knowledge and
understanding of the
common law system of
England and Wales.’
Mary Luckham
and the Diploma in the
Common Law will provide you
with the opportunity to gain
knowledge and understanding
of the common law system
of England and Wales.'
18 Undergraduate study in Laws
How you study
You receive specially designed learning
materials and have access to a significant
array of online resources. The cost of
your materials is included in your initial
and continuing registration fees.
The study materials are designed
to guide you through the syllabus for
each subject and direct your reading
of the prescribed textbooks, study
packs and Online Library resources.
Although all study materials are specially
produced for self-directed learning,
many students choose to pay for
additional educational support through
independent teaching institutions.
Diploma in Law students must be
registered at an independent teaching
institution granted ‘Permission to
teach’ the Diploma in Law (please
see page 13 for more information).
Study materials include:
n ‘Studying English law with
the University of London’. An
introductory guide to the basics
of common law legal systems.
This is sent to all students
who receive an offer letter.
n Subject guides for each law
subject studied that take you
systematically through the course
topics, with instructions on reading,
learning activities (with feedback)
and guidance on answering
sample examination questions.
n Textbooks. You will receive one
copy of the textbook for each of
the four Intermediate/Diploma
in Law Subjects and for the
compulsory Part I subjects.
n Study packs. Key recommended
readings in the subject guides
are sent directly to students
(and are available online) for
all the compulsory subjects
and selected options.
n ‘Learning skills for law’ guide
contains advice on study skills,
developing English language
and legal English skills, reading
cases and statutes, guidance
on exam technique and
performing skills activities.
n Student handbook contains a
wealth of specific advice and
information on navigating your
way through the programme
and the External System,
with key dates and contact
details for further support.
n Regulations. Students need to be
fully informed of the formal rules
about syllabuses, programme
structures, how to enter for
examinations, marking schemes,
transfers, exemptions etc., so
updated Regulations are sent
to all our students every year.
n Skills portfolio guide
supplied to final-year students,
relevant if you are pursuing
a Qualifying Law Degree.
 www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 19

Online resources and enhance a students ability to

The University of London External find legal materials using electronic
System has launched a new student sources, and to conduct legal research
portal to transform the way in more generally. Please note that
which communication takes place undertaking legal research exercises is
between students of the University required for Common law Reasoning
of London External System. and Institutions for students who
The portal allows access to all our registered after 1st September 2007.
online resources using a single username The Laws VLE covers all
and password through a secure website: compulsory subjects and EU Law
https://my.londonexternal.ac.uk and is constantly improving its
The following resources are coverage of optional subjects.
available to all Laws students:
The Online Library
University of London www.external.shl.lon.ac.uk
Student Email Account The Online Library is a core asset for
All students are issued with a student all Laws students as it provides:
email account which is accessible n access to the professional legal
through the student portal. There are databases LexisNexis and Westlaw
many benefits to this, but primarily it: n cases, up-to-date statutes Online access
n provides a safe and reliable n key academic law journals You must have access to a computer
communications channel n multidisciplinary databases in with an internet connection so that you
n speeds up communication business and the social sciences can use the online resources. Please
between us n and many others. see technical specifications below.
n gives you a sense of ‘identity’
to all students PC users
Minimum specification Recommended
Laws VLE (Virtual
Learning Environment) Processor Pentium 500 MHz Pentium 1 GHz
The Laws VLE is accessed through the Memory (RAM) 128 Mb 256 Mb
student portal and offers a centralised Operating system Windows 98 Windows XP
location where students can find: Free hard disk space 100 Mb 200 Mb
n Law subject pages with news and
Screen resolution 800 x 600 colour 1024 x 768 colour
updates, provided by legal academics
associated with the Laws Programme CD/DVD-ROM drive CD-ROM 24x CD-ROM
n Complete versions of subject Modem speed 56kbps Broadband
guides and study packs Browser Internet Explorer 5.5 Internet Explorer 6.0
n Online Audio Presentations – which
supplement the subject guides Mac users
n Annual recent developments in law
Minimum specification Recommended
n Past and present examination
Processor G3 G4
papers and reports
n Discussion forums where students Memory (RAM) 64Mb 128Mb
can debate and interact with others Operating system OS 9 or later OS X
n Computer Marked Assessments – Free hard disk space 100 Mb 200 Mb
multiple choice questions providing
Screen resolution 800 x 600 colour 1024 x 768 colour
feedback. These allow students
CD/DVD-ROM drive CD-ROM 24x CD-ROM
to test their knowledge and Please note: you will
understanding of the key topics Modem speed 56kbps Broadband require Adobe Acrobat
n Online Legal Research Exercises - Reader and Adobe Flash
Browser Internet Explorer 5.5 Firefox 2
Player for this programme.
exercises which are designed to build
20 Undergraduate study in Laws

Help with your studies

Our learning resources are designed
to give you the best possible
support for your studies. We do
not provide direct tuition; however,
there are a number of ways that you
can get additional assistance.
Courses at the University
of London
Induction day
A one-day induction is held in London
in late September each year to introduce
new students to studying for the
Diploma in Law, the LLB and the Diploma
in the Common Law. Prospective
students are welcome to attend in order
to find out more about the programme.
Weekend courses
There are four weekend courses held
in London each year in November/
December, February, March and April.
Tuition is given by experienced law
lecturers. These courses are intensive,
with up to eight hours of lectures
and tutorials each day. Each weekend
covers different topics and students
are encouraged to attend all four. The
courses concentrate on important
areas of each subject and new
developments and recent legislation.
For further information about the
induction day and weekend courses
please visit:
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/current_
students/programme_resources/laws
Courses at other universities
Similar courses are also provided by
the University of Cambridge (an annual
revision course held in March/April of
each year) and the University of Hong
Kong. For further details please contact:
University of Cambridge
Institute of Continuing Education
n Madingley Hall, Madingley
Cambridge CB3 8AQ
n Tel: 01954 280280
n Fax: 01954 280200
School of Professional and
Continuing Education (SPACE)
n University of Hong Kong
3/F, Admiralty Centre
18 Harcourt Road, Hong Kong
n Tel: 2547 2225
n Fax: 2527 0489
Visit Senate House Library
Senate House Library,
University of London
www.shl.lon.ac.uk
Registered External students are
entitled to use Senate House
Library. The Library charges for
this service. For more information
contact: Senate House Library,
University of London, Malet Street,
London WC1E 7HU.
Tel: +44 (0)20 7862 8461/2 Fax:
+44 (0)20 7862 8480
Email: enquiries@shl.london.ac.uk
Please note: the current Laws
collection is not an undergraduate
teaching collection.

Profile: Sonia Riaz Hussain LLB graduate

The University of London
LLB degree has helped me
immensely in my career. To
begin with, in a developing
country like Pakistan, the
very fact that one has
done a foreign degree
increases your professional
value. Furthermore,
the University of
London is widely
recognized and
acknowledged
for its excellent
reputation
worldwide.
In the three years I
spent on this degree my
perceptions, ideas and vision
of life all underwent the
most major transformation.
My mind has become more
open to new ideas, more
willing to accept broader
views and more willing to
question the occurrences
around me. It was almost
like a rebirth. Discovering
everything, questioning it
and coming to a conclusion.
The way ‘Jurisprudence
and legal theory’ and
‘International protection of
human rights’ enriched my
knowledge is incomparable.
These subjects have left
a lasting impact on me
and have left me with the
urge to make a difference
wherever I possibly
can. I took ‘International
protection of human rights’
in the last year of my LLB
and I know for sure that
this is where my interest
lies. It’s one area where
I would particularly like
to make a difference.
I feel that my confidence
in myself and the work that
I do is primarily because of
this degree. Equipped with it
I feel secure that I am indeed
one of the best. I am the
only girl at the law firm, the
only one who graduated
from the University of
London and have only one
other person around me
who has done a foreign LLB.
Sonia now lectures
at University College
Lahore, Pakistan.
 www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 21

LLB tuition support

from independent
teaching institutions
Tuition support for the LLB is available
in many independent teaching
institutions worldwide. Some of these
providers offer alternatives to face-
to-face tuition via correspondence
or online tuition. They may also offer
support for some of the subjects
available on the Diploma in the
Common Law. For further information,
including their addresses, please visit:
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/
institutions_about

Independent teaching institutions

are not affiliated to the University in
any way and we do not guarantee or
comment on the standards of their
teaching or service to students. Please
note that, for LLB tuition, there is no
equivalent to ‘Permission to teach’ status.
If you do decide to enrol for LLB
or Diploma in the Common Law
tutorial support at an independent
teaching institution, this is separate
from registration as a student with
the University of London. It is your
responsibility to make sure that
it provides what you are looking
for, at an appropriate cost.
We advise you to wait for confirmation
from the University that you are
eligible for the programme of your
choice before enrolling at a teaching
institution and paying their tuition fees.
If you do register early, ask if
the teaching institution is able to
charge you only for the tuition
you have actually received if the
University does not accept you.
As an External student, you may
choose to come to London and
study at an independent teaching
institution. Please note that only the
six Colleges listed on pages 6–7 are
part of the University of London Laws
Consortium. You will also need to
satisfy UK student visa requirements if
you are coming from outside the UK.
Please note that in 2009 the
University will introduce new policy
framework covering its relationships
with institutions. Please refer to
our website where news on these
developments is forthcoming.
Points to consider
before enrolling
with a teaching institution
n Do the timing and frequency
of the tuition suit your other
commitments? Are there tutorials
as well as lectures? If so, are the
tutorial groups reasonably small?
n Ask to see the facilities, especially
the library. Can you borrow books
from the library or is it for reference
only? If you already have your
subject guides, check that there
are copies of the essential and
recommended texts. Is there room
to study in the library and is it quiet?
n Are there computer facilities
with a reasonably fast internet
connection? What is the ratio of
computers to student numbers?
n Are students given regular
assessments and mock exams
with individual feedback?
n Will there be a written contract
between you and the teaching
institution when you enrol? If
not, make sure you understand
the terms and conditions that
apply and your liability.
n Check how you pay fees – in one
payment or in instalments – and
what the refund policy is if you
cease studying for any reason.
n Talk to students who are already
enrolled and get their opinions.
n Is the institution committed
to working with the University
of London? Does it integrate
our learning resources into
its teaching programme?
n Compare its services and fees
with other teaching institutions
in the same locality (if any).
For the full check list please visit:
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/checklist
If you wish to check the authenticity
of a teaching institution’s
claims, please fill in the teaching
institution check form at:
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/study_
ep/local_support/check_form.shtml
22 Undergraduate study in Laws
Subject outlines
These subject outlines are correct at the time of going to press and subject to annual review. Please consult
the full syllabus listings in the Programme Regulations for detailed specification of the topics covered.
Remember that the distinction between compulsory and optional academic subjects does not always correspond
to the subjects required by professional bodies (see ‘The LLB as a Qualifying Law Degree’ on page 28).
Compulsory Intermediate-
level subjects
Common law reasoning
and institutions
This comprehensive introduction to the
English legal system seeks to convey
what is distinctive about the common
law approach as a legal methodology
and as it reflects the history and politics
of England and Wales. It examines the
sources of law, the civil and criminal
court structures, the role of judges
and the jury. A running concern of the
course is the question fairness: the
impact off the Human Rights Act on the
criminal justice system and the issues
of access to justice in the civil courts.
This course is also vital in initiating
students into the process of legal
research and the final examination
has a compulsory section on research
activities carried out during the year.
Registration with the Online Library
is a requirement for successfully
completing this course.
Criminal law
This course examines general principles
of criminal liability, a range of fatal
and non-fatal offences against the
person and selected offences against
property. Attempts to commit offences,
secondary liability and defences
also form part of the University of
London criminal law curriculum.
Criminal law consists of a highly
developed body of precisely formulated
legal rules but as criminal conduct is
subject to punishment it thus engages
with broad issues of morality and
policy. Understanding the tension
between certainty in the law and social
adaptation affects the development of
criminal law will take students beyond
the basic stage of understanding the
substantive rules of criminal law.
Elements of the law of contract
Contracts are the legal basis of all
commercial transactions. Covering
the core topics – including formation
of contracts, capacity to contract and
privity, performance and breach of
contract and remedies for breach
of contract – the emphasis is on
understanding the key underlying
principles of English law. This is very
much a case law subject, with judicial
precedents stretching back nearly 400
years in some instances (but more
usually of 19th- and 20th-century
origin) and a small number of statutory
provisions, as well as the impact of EU
law. An understanding of what factors
judges may, or must, take into account
when exercising their discretion is crucial.
Public law
The UK constitution is famously
‘unwritten’ and thus contrasts with other
constitutional models. Analysing key
issues of sovereignty and the division of
powers between legislature, executive
and administration, one key question
is how far the UK lives up to classic
doctrine. Equally, membership of the
European Union, and the Human Rights
Act 1998, affect the overall picture of the
relation between citizen and the state. To
fully engage with this subject, students
need to take an interest in current affairs
and debates about what is involved
in constitutional issues and reforms.
Compulsory Honours-
level subjects
Jurisprudence and legal theory
This subject is compulsory under
Schemes A and B and optional under
Graduate Entry Routes A and B.
Jurisprudence poses the fundamental
questions about the nature of law,
its place in society and how a legal
system operates as a system of rules
and as a social institution engaging
with ideals of justice and often
conflicting moral codes. While covering
the key developments in classic and
contemporary legal theory, from natural
law through legal positivism, Marxism,
critical legal studies (including critical
race theory) and feminist jurisprudence,
and engaging with issues about judicial
decision-making that connect critically
with substantive law subjects, ultimately
this is a subject in which there are
no authorities and no final court of
appeal: the reader/the student must
be the judge. This makes it a difficult
subject, but also a rewarding one.
Land law
Much of the work of solicitors turns
around land law in the form of
conveyancing (buying and selling
dwellings or commercial enterprises)
or the relations between landlords and
tenants. Here the central principles of
English law are portrayed, including the
necessary historical context, as many
of the basic concepts were established
in social conditions very different from
today. Land law centres on the concept
of the nature and quantum of the
various interests that can exist in land,
the principles governing the creation,
transfer and extinction of these interests
and the extent that those interests are
enforceable against third parties.

Law of tort
The law of tort concerns the civil
liability for the wrongful infliction of
injury by one person upon another.
The characteristic claim in tort is for
monetary compensation or damages.
There is no single principle of liability,
which makes tort law complex; also
there are other sources of monetary
compensation for personal injuries
(such as unemployment/social
security payments, private insurance,
criminal injuries compensation
schemes, etc.) as well as the fact that
the same harms may be pursued
through the criminal justice system.
Negligence is a key topic and other
topics include: interference with
economic interest; trespass; defamation;
vicarious liability as well as defences
and remedies, and sources of future
development including EU law.
Law of trusts
A part of Equity law, the law of trusts
deals with the rules and principles
governing the creation and operation of
trusts – a particular method of holding
property that developed historically
primarily to preserve family wealth,
particularly by minimising liability to
taxation. The syllabus focuses on three
broad areas: 1) the requirements for
establishing a valid trust (including
express private trusts; charitable trusts;
implied and resulting trusts; constructive
trusts); 2) the powers and obligations of
trustees under a valid trust (including
appointment, retirement and removal
of trustees); 3) the remedies available
when trustees act improperly.
Optional subjects
Administrative law
Administrative law has been hugely
expanding in the late 20th century/
early 21st century. Its core purpose is
to ensure that any decisions or action
taken by government are lawful and,
when they are not, to provide redress
for grievances. A range of grievance-
redressing mechanisms are examined,
including: judicial review, ‘ombudsmen’
and tribunals. The course also looks
at how policies can be implemented
through delegated legislation, informal
rules, the use of discretion and so on.
This subject will appeal to students
who enjoyed studying Public law and
who have an interest in public affairs.
Civil and criminal procedure
Focused on the substantive issues and
values that underpin Civil and criminal
procedure, the course is divided
equally between Civil and criminal
procedure. Students will be expected
to compare and contrast Civil and
criminal procedure and will need to
have a good working knowledge of the
court system and the way in which civil
and criminal justice is organised and
dispensed. Specific topics include: civil
process before trial, commencement of
proceedings, jurisdiction, responding
to a claim, case management, summary
disposals and trials, remedies and
criminal procedure, police powers and
bail, commencement of proceedings,
pleas and plea bargaining, ID and
other evidence and sentencing.
Commercial law
Commercial law is concerned with
obligations between parties to
commercial transactions and the
relationship with rules of personal
property. Students are expected to
become familiar with the significance
and implications of: ownership of or
title to goods; the transfer of title and
its effect on third parties; the passing
of property between buyer and seller;
the significance of possession; and
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 23
responsibility for risk of loss of or damage
to goods and its transfer from one party
to another. Familiarity with the general
ideas underlying contract, tort and trust
law will provide a useful background.
Emphasis is placed on both knowledge
of principles and the ability to apply
the rules of law to achieve practical
solutions to practical problems.
Company law
This area of law is fast moving with
frequent legislative change due to
pressures for reform from the UK
Department of Trade and Industry
and from the EU with its policy of
harmonising the company law of its
member states. The syllabus centres on
the way law regulates companies and
the facilities company law offers, such
as limited liability and transferability of
shares – as well as the corresponding
burdens (duties of disclosure, compliance
with statutory procedures and common
law duties) and the dynamics of the
often tense relationship between
shareholders and management. A
vital course for anyone intending
to operate in the commercial field;
students will benefit from knowledge
of Contract, Tort, Trusts and Public law.
Conflict of laws
Also known as private international law,
this is the body of rules applied by the
English courts to cases with a foreign
element, dealing with core issues of
jurisdiction, substantive decision-making
and recognition of the laws of other
jurisdictions. Existing case law has been
developed in recent years with the
statutory implementation of International
Conventions and Law Commission
reports – yet there are questions as
yet unsettled, which increases the
importance of academic writing and
also gives students the chance to
present their own solutions. The course
covers all English domestic law.
24 Undergraduate study in Laws
Subject outlines
Criminology
Criminology examines the relationship
between the individual who breaks
the laws of the state and the state’s
power to lay down laws and to punish
for breaches of those laws – but
from a range of political, sociological,
psychological and philosophical points
of view. Criminology has long been
at odds with legalistic approaches
towards dealing with crime and raises
often controversial aspects of social
policy, social control, style of policing,
and community involvement in the
criminal justice system. The subject will
appeal to those students who wish to
escape from heavily case-law oriented
subjects and who are prepared to
think critically about their societies
and the nature of social order.
Dissertation
The Dissertation subject option offers
final-year students the opportunity
to undertake in-depth legal/socio-
legal research. Students design their
own research question – and submit
a research proposal online – on a
topic they have not previously (or
concurrently) studied in depth.
The Dissertation option will be
examined a) by electronic submission
of a 10,000 word Dissertation and
b) a short final examination.
The Dissertation is a subject in its own right
and it may be used to complete the Laws
Skills Portfolio (see Laws Skills Pathway 1).
EU law
EU law is a required subject by the
professional bodies in England and Wales
for the LLB as a Qualifying Law Degree.
The European Union (EU) is a relatively
new legal system that combines
characteristics of international law and
national legal systems. EU institutions
and law-making powers are examined as
well as the key questions of the impact
of EU law on national law and its overall
consequences for a) business enterprises
and b) individuals. As EU law is highly
responsive to economic and social
changes, legal rules and judicial decisions
are studied in their wider context. The
subject will appeal to students who
enjoyed studying Public law or who
have an interest in public affairs, politics,
economics or international relations.
Evidence
The law of evidence governs what facts
may be presented – and contested –
in the courtroom, the techniques for
eliciting evidence, and the role of the
lawyers, jury and judge in an adversarial
system. The subject is an attractive
mixture of the intensely practical (e.g.
how is cross-examination controlled?
what is a jury permitted to hear?
when has the burden of proof been
discharged?) and the abstract and
academic (what is a ‘fact’? what does
‘relevance’ mean? when is evidence
prejudicial?). Highly relevant to actual
day-to-day legal practice, the subject
will appeal especially to students
intending to practise in court.
Family law
Family law affects every member of
society, from conception to the grave.
Originating in religious law, today the
legal regulation of family relationships
involves a complex relation between
the family and the state. Marriage
and divorce and the legal status
of offspring are intertwined with
questions of financial provision and
child protection, not to mention public
policy issues arising from advances
in biological science or the rise of
children’s rights. Family law is highly
porous in relation to expert knowledge
from disciplines such as psychology
and sociology, which means that
understanding the statute and case
law is not a discrete or isolated study.
History of English law
Full understanding and enjoyment of
studying legal history develops both
historical and legal skills. Thanks to the
large amount of surviving materials,
the origins of the common law may
be traced in considerable detail from
its effective beginnings as the body
of customary laws applied in the royal
courts during the first two centuries
following the Norman Conquest in 1066.
The institutions of the common law
courts, procedure and modes of trial
are traced through to the early modern
period, followed by an examination
of the historical development of the
substantive law of land law, contract and
tort. This course will appeal to students
who enjoy exploring a wide range of
reading materials for themselves.
Intellectual property
Intellectual property is a rapidly
expanding body of law that has
come into increasing domestic and
international prominence. Involving
both artistic and scientific concerns,
intellectual property underpins a
wide variety of everyday activities for
individual consumers – hence in turn
its immense economic and industrial
significance. The law of intellectual
property rights seeks a difficult balance
between rewarding the right owner
and the needs of society to gain access
to scientific, technological or cultural
benefits. It includes copyright, patent
and trade mark law. The course examines
the range of different domestic and
international legal categories involved
in regulating this form of intangible
property, and pays specific attention to
the ways in which English law, lacking
any discrete law of unfair competition,
frequently relies on ‘press-ganging’ a
range of independent rights (such as
confidentiality) to serve that purpose.
International protection
of human rights
International protection of human rights
law concerns protection afforded to
individuals. This course seeks to instil
a holistic and critical awareness of the
fundamental concepts, principles,
theories and philosophies underlying
international human rights as well
as an understanding of the principal
internal mechanisms installing and
enforcing/monitoring these rights.
Specific topics covered include: the

individual in international law; debates
about universalism vs cultural relativism;
genocide; the history, politics and
specific human rights legal enactments
instituted by the United Nations;
enforcement mechanisms; a review
of the systems by reference to key
vulnerable groups, notably refugees;
the evolution of international individual
responsibility for acts such as crimes
against humanity and war crimes.
Introduction to Islamic law
This course offers students an overview
of Islamic law, covering its religious,
historical and contemporary dimensions.
The emphasis of the first part of the
course is on the religious and historical
foundations of Islamic law, including
the emergence of different schools
of Islamic law and their consolidation
in the main authoritative sources of
Islamic law. The course then goes on to
examine the application of Islamic law
in contemporary jurisdictions, including
the reform of Islamic law, focusing on
Islamic family law with a shorter section
on Islamic criminal law, covering a range
of jurisdictions from the Middle East
and South Asia. Aspects of civil law and
international law are also covered.
Labour law
Labour law has key consequences both
for individuals in their job settings and
the operation of the labour market in
general. The course begins with matters
that may be pursued by individuals,
covering contracts of employment,
unfair dismissal, redundancy, equal
pay, and sex and race discrimination.
(Understanding of contract law and
a willingness to grapple with EU law
is important here.) The second part
deals with ‘collective’ labour law: the
protection of the worker re trade
union membership and activities;
the status and organisation of trade
unions; trade union recognition; the
legal regulation of collective bargaining
and the law relating to trade disputes.
This course will appeal to students
interested in industrial relations and
their historical and political contexts.
Public international law
Public international law has been
increasingly under the spotlight as it
governs – among other things – the
agreed rules of the use of force. Public
international law concerns legal
relations between states but also deals
with the role of the United Nations
and other international organisations
and, in the fields of human rights and
international criminal law, the rights
and duties of individuals. The course
moves from examining basic principles
– the sources of international law and
the bases of recognising statehood –
through specific issues of jurisdictional
immunities, treaties and state
responsibility to go on to see how these
principles are applied in specific areas
such as international criminal law, human
rights, international environmental
law and the law of the sea.
Succession
Who is entitled to a person’s property
on their death, whether that person has
made a will or dies intestate? And should
there be any restrictions on whom
people who make wills are allowed to
leave property to when they die? These
are the basic questions underpinning
the law of succession, and they will affect
all people who have access to some
form of property, whether as inheritors
or as those passing on property. The aim
of this course is to explore in detail the
operation of inheritance law, especially
how a valid will is made, how it can
be challenged, how it is administered
and what happens when a person
dies without leaving a valid will.
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 25
Laws Skills Portfolio
Satisfactory completion of the Skills
Portfolio is a requirement for the
LLB as a Qualifying Law Degree.
The Laws Skills Portfolio involves
students in their final year providing
evidence and reflective commentary
demonstrating that they have
attained skills in five areas:
1) legal research; 2) autonomy of learning;
3) Information technology; 4) oral
communication; and 5) team working.
The portfolio is submitted online
and is assessed as Satisfactory or
Unsatisfactory. There is also a short
Laws Skills Portfolio final examination.
There are two methods by which
students may attain the research skills
(and demonstrate the other skills
around that): Laws Skills Pathway
1 or Laws Skills Pathway 2.
Laws Skills Pathway 1
Students who are registered for the
Dissertation final-year subject option
submit information about the research
processes they used in researching
for their Dissertation (and associated
activities) as evidence for the portfolio.
Laws Skills Pathway 2
Students undertake a small-scale
separate research project in addition
to their existing subject options and
submit their evidence on the basis of
this research (and associated activities).
26 Undergraduate study in Laws

'I am currently practicing as a

Corporate Attorney in one of
the largest conglomerates in the
Caribbean. The wealth of knowledge
and experience I am gaining and will
gain over time will be priceless. I am
currently quite satisfied and fulfilled
in my career. I am considering
reading for a Masters of Laws (LLM),
specializing in Corporate, in the
near future with the University of
London as an External student.’
Sheldon V. Branche

Profile: Sheldon V. Branche | LLB graduate, Trinidad

‘The primary reason for choosing the
University of London External System
was its flexibility for people already
in a career or interested in changing
careers, to study part-time with a
reputable and outstanding institution.
On commencing my studies with
the External System I was a banker and
hence time constraints were apparent.
The programme allowed me the
opportunity to study at my own pace
while at the same time receiving sound
accreditation necessary in allowing
me the privilege to read for the Bar
Vocational Course at BPP in London.
Having gained the relevant
knowledge through the
compulsory and optional courses
offered I am better prepared to
comprehend a variety of legal
concepts and complex issues.
Of course, the LLB was a stepping
stone to becoming a qualified Barrister.
Upon successful completion of the
Bar Vocational Studies in London, I
returned to my country of birth,
Trinidad and Tobago, secured a
pupillage in Chambers after which I
was enrolled as an Attorney-at-Law
and thereby obtained my licence to
practice law within my jurisdiction.
I am currently practicing as
a Corporate Attorney in one of
the largest conglomerates in the
Caribbean. The wealth of knowledge
and experience I am gaining and
will gain over time will be priceless.
I am currently quite satisfied and
fulfilled in my career. I am considering
reading for a Masters of Laws (LLM),
specializing in Corporate, in the
near future with the University of
London as an External student.’
Sheldon works as a Corporate
Attorney in Trinidad.

Progressing through
your course of study
Progressing through
your studies
The LLB is not a ‘modular' programme:
you must complete each stage of the
course before proceeding on to the
next. This means that – depending on
the pathway that you have chosen – you
will have to succeed in passing groups
of examinations all at the same time
(in the same examination ‘sitting’):
n Diploma in Law (full time): 4 subjects
Diploma in Law (part time): 2 subjects.
n LLB Scheme A and Graduate
Entry Route A: 4 subjects.
n LLB Scheme B and Graduate
Entry Route B: 3 subjects.)
However, we do also offer some
ways to make this easier.
‘Referrals’
If you fail in one subject only, and the
failed mark is between 30-39%, you will
then be ‘referred’, which allows you to
resit the examination in just that one
subject at the next available examination
sitting and you will not need to re-sit
the other subjects. For students sitting
the examinations in the UK the ‘next
available sitting’ normally means a
September re-sit; for students sitting
overseas, it would be in November.
(You are allowed two attempts.)
Transfers from ‘A’ pathways
to ‘B’ pathways
Sometimes students on the ‘A’
pathways – LLB Scheme A and
Graduate Entry Route A – realise
quite soon after that have started
that they have undertaken too much
and would be better off transferring
across to Scheme B (or Graduate Entry
Route B). This is easily done, but please
note that you must do so before you
have made your examination entry.
However, if you have sat your
examinations, and obtained marks of
40 or above in three out of the four,
you may transfer to Year 2 of Scheme
B (or Graduate Entry Route B), taking
with you the three subjects that you
have passed, as equivalent to having
sat and passed Year 1 of Scheme
B (or Graduate Entry Route B).
You may also transfer from the Diploma
in Law to Year 2 of the LLB (Scheme B)
if you have passed three subjects. (Of
course, you can also transfer to the LLB
after you have passed four subjects.)
Other possible transfers
n To another programme within
the External System
If you feel that Law is not for you, or
wish to combine law with Management
or Accounting – you may be able to
transfer to another programme within
the External System. Please note that
transfer to another programme is not
automatic. You will need to satisfy the
entrance requirements (both general
and programme-specific) for the
programme that you wish to transfer to.
Any outstanding fees would be payable.
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 27
n To study on campus with a University
of London College Law School
After you have passed the Intermediate
subjects, you may be able to transfer to
the second year of an LLB programme at
one of the six Colleges of the University
of London that offer law, becoming
an internal student. However, you
should note that this is not easy as
there is a great deal of competition
for places and you will need high
marks. Each College is autonomous
and runs its own admissions policy.
Currently, the Law Schools of Queen
Mary and Birkbeck are prepared to
actively consider applications to go into
the second year of the degree either
from the Diploma or the Intermediate
year of Scheme A. It is not possible to
transfer from Graduate Entry Routes.
Applications should be made through
UCAS, please visit: www.ucas.ac.uk
n To study at another UK university
You may also be able to transfer
to the second year of an LLB
programme, as an internal student,
at other British universities. Special
arrangements for admission have
been made with the University of
Surrey and Kingston University.
(For information on credit transfer
to the External Undergraduate
Laws Programme from another
university, see page 38.)
28 Undergraduate study in Laws
The LLB as a Qualifying Law Degree in En
For almost a century and a half, the
University of London LLB by External
study has provided a route into the
world of law in many countries.
The University of London LLB
by External study is recognised
as a Qualifying Law Degree so
long as certain specific conditions
are met – as outlined below.
Holding a Qualifying Law Degree
fulfils the requirements of the
Academic Stage of legal training
and enables students to proceed to
the Vocational Stage of training for
legal practice in England & Wales.
A number of other jurisdictions
internationally also recognise the
degree as at least partial fulfilment of
the Academic Stage requirements.
We strongly advise you to
contact the legal professional
bodies in the jurisdiction where
you intend to practise to find out
the specific requirements, and
the extent to which the University
of London LLB by External study
satisfies them, before you register.
In particular, please note that
the LLB degree obtained through
the Graduate Entry Routes is not
accepted as a Qualifying Law
Degree in some jurisdictions
(although it is in England & Wales).
Qualifying Law Degree
requirements
The Solicitors Regulation Authority and
Bar Standards Board of England and
Wales both recognise the University
of London LLB gained through the
External System as a Qualifying
Law Degree. This is provided:
n you complete the LLB in not
more than six years
n you pass the assessments in the
‘Foundations of Legal Knowledge’
in not more than three attempts
n you successfully complete a Laws Skills
Portfolio (please see next column).
Please note that the following LLB
subjects cover the Foundations of
Legal Knowledge subject areas:
– Common law reasoning
and institutions
– Public law
– Elements of the law of contract
– Criminal law
– Law of tort
– Land law
– Law of trusts
– EU law
Laws Skills Portfolio
If you want your LLB to be a Qualifying
Law Degree, you must compile and
submit a Law Skills Portfolio in your final
year of study. The Laws Skills Portfolio is
designed for you to demonstrate your
abilities in areas such as legal research,
team working, oral communication, IT
and independent work and reflection.
There are two routes by which you can
complete the Laws Skills Portfolio: ‘Law
Skills Pathway 1’ uses the Dissertation
subject option (a final year option) as
the research base to complete the
Portfolio; ‘Law Skills Pathway 2’ involves
conducting a small-scale research
project in addition to your required final
year subjects to complete the Portfolio
 www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 29

If you intend to practise in a jurisdiction

other than England & Wales
Before you register, it is important to contact the
professional legal bodies in the jurisdiction where

ngland & Wales you intend to practice to find out whether they
recognise the University of London LLB by External
study as fulfilling (in whole or in part) the Academic
Stage requirements of legal training in that
Addresses jurisdiction and with what specified requirements.
www.legaleducation.org.uk n You need to be very clear about which
For intending solicitors: For intending barristers: route you are pursuing, especially if
Solicitors Regulation Authority Bar Standards Board it is the Graduate Entry Routes.
n Regulations and Information Services n Education, Training and n It is better to write to the appropriate professional
n Ipsley Court, Redditch Records Department body (enclosing photocopies of any relevant
Worcestershire B98 0TD n 289–293 High Holborn documentation, e.g. certificates) as it could be
n Tel: 0870 606 2555 (enquiries) London WC1V 7HZ important for you to have a written record of the
n Fax: 020 7320 5964 n Tel: 020 7611 1444 response relating to your individual circumstances.
n Email: info.services@sra.org.uk n Fax: 020 7831 9217 n If you do telephone, it will be in your interests
n www.sra.org.uk n www.barstandardsboard.org.uk to note the name of the person who provides
n 24-hour information pack order key information or gives you a decision.
service: 01527 504455.

Decisions for students seeking a Qualifying Law Degree

Students who wish to graduate with an LLB that is a Qualifying Law Degree need to make decisions year
by year. The diagram below shows what these decisions are for all the different pathways.

Scheme A Scheme B Graduate Entry Route A Graduate Entry Route B

2nd or 3rd year of study 3rd or 4th year of study 2nd year of study
Register for the optional Register for the optional Register for the optional
subject, EU Law subject, EU Law subject, EU Law
3rd year of study 4th year of study 3rd year of study
Register for the optional
Choose pathway to complete Choose pathway to complete Choose pathway to complete subject, EU Law
Laws Skills Portfolio* Laws Skills Portfolio* Laws Skills Portfolio* Choose pathway to complete
Laws Skills Portfolio*

* Laws Skills Pathway 1: register for the Dissertation optional subject and complete the Laws Skills Portfolio.
Laws Skills Pathway 2: undertake a small-scale separate research project and complete the Laws Skills Portfolio.
30 Undergraduate study in Laws
The Laws programme team
The core academic team
The programme draws upon over 160
academics as examiners, contributors
to learning materials, committee
members, external examiners, reviewers
and consultants. These academics
are located in the Colleges of the
Professor Wayne
Morrison
Director, External
Undergraduate
Laws Programme
As Director, Wayne
Morrison is the driving force behind
strategic planning and key initiatives
in the External Undergraduate
Laws Programme. Since 1999, he
has instituted major reforms in the
teaching materials, online provision
and relations with teaching institutions.
He is also responsible for negotiations
concerning recognition of the LLB by
External study and the Diploma in Law
in various jurisdictions as satisfying the
academic stage of legal education.
Professor Morrison is a Professor
of Law at Queen Mary (University of
London) Law School and is a highly
regarded legal scholar, in 2006 receiving
the degree of LLD in recognition of his
work in the field of criminology and
jurisprudence. He is also the co-author
of the subject guides in ‘Common
law reasoning and institutions’ and
‘Jurisprudence and legal theory’.
Simon Askey
Deputy Director
As Deputy Director,
Simon is closely
involved with all
aspects of the
Laws programme. He brings to
the role an extensive portfolio of
teaching and research experience
in both law and education. His
current research looks at the role of
culture in teaching and learning.
University of London and a range of
universities in the UK (including Oxford,
Cambridge, Wales, Edinburgh, Durham
and Nottingham). The fact that they
contribute part time and draw upon
their internal experience gives the
Mary Luckham
Senior Teaching Fellow
Mary Luckham is
responsible for the
strategic oversight
and management of
the Laws VLE which was introduced in
2006 and intends to further develop
the online resources for students. She
is also involved in the development of
the new Diploma in the Common Law
and is co-author of the Criminal Law
and Tort Subject Guides. In addition
to a long career of university teaching
on both LLB and GDL programmes,
she has spent a number of years
teaching students on the External
Undergraduate Laws Programme, so
is ideally placed to understand the
system from the point of view of both
students and teaching institutions.
Curtiz Cotterell
Law Skills Senior
Lecturer
The Laws Programme
now has a dedicated
skills role. Curtiz
Cotterell will develop support for legal
and transferable skills and oversee the
Laws Skills Portfolio. He also specialises
in both Public/Admin and EU law,
which he has taught at a number of
institutions. Having taught within both
the HE and FE sector, Curtiz is well
placed to incorporate the new skills
requirements for the Qualifying Law
Degree into the Laws Programme.
programme a range and depth of
experience unique in world education.
At the core of this academic body is a
full-time group at the Laws Consortium
offices at the University centrally.
Vickie Thanapal
Graduate Teaching
Assistant
Vickie is a graduate
of the External Laws
Programme as well as
holding two Masters-level degrees (one
by distance learning and one gained
internally from Queen Mary, University
of London). She taught for several years
at an independent teaching institution
operating in Singapore and Hong Kong.
In 2006-7 she conducted MA research on
the relationship between the teaching
institutions and London centrally. She
is currently undertaking a PhD on the
External Laws Programme and travels
to the independent institutions making
presentations explaining the online
library and the compulsory legal research
component for first year students.
Angela Boots
Online Laws Librarian
As the Online Librarian, I am here
to help you make the most of the
resources the University provides for
its students. The Laws Programme
is placing increasing importance on
students conducting legal research on a
wide range of legal databases, websites
and government publications. These
online resources will not only enrich
your studies, but also familiarise you
with the world of legal information. I
can help with questions such as which
database is best for searching EU law
and how you can find journal articles
relating to a statutory provision.

The core administrative team
External programmes of the University
are administratively supported by a
central body (EISA) located in Stewart
Michael Davis
Head of the Laws
Consortium Office
I have worked with
the University since
2002, previously in
the role of Institutions Manager. I have
recently joined the Laws Consortium
as Head of the Laws Office and my
role includes supporting the Laws
Consortium committees that provide
the academic governance for the
undergraduate laws programmes. I
am also responsible for running the
Laws Office and working closely with
academic colleagues in supporting
and coordinating key-projects and
developments across the programme.
Martina Moore
Laws Manager
(Institutions)
As the Laws Manager
(Institutions) my
responsibilities
include managing the formal relation
between the Programme and teaching
institutions through the ‘Permission
to teach’ approval framework for the
Diploma in Law. This includes planning
the arrangements for inspection visits
by members of the Laws team and
having oversight of the approval and
renewal processes. Having worked
with the External System for many
years, I appreciate and understand the
important role that institutions play
in supporting students’ learning.
House. EISA has four directorates and
over 140 staff covering areas such
as admissions, marketing, quality
Agnieszka Dziemba
Laws Manager
(Student Support)
My role as Laws
Support Manager
is extremely varied
and involves me with numerous tasks
supporting the Laws programme.
I am responsible for organising the
London induction day and weekend
courses, which provide students with
the opportunity to attend intellectually
stimulating lectures and seminars
provided by experienced teachers in
their particular subjects, and the chance
to meet fellow students. I also assist
with compiling the student handbook
and in providing support for the new
Dissertation and Skills Portfolios.
Stephen Barnes
Laws Manager
(Administration)
I am responsible
for providing
administrative
management across a range of
activities in addition to responsibility
for key areas of the Laws Consortium
Office’s work. These include managing
the administration for the Laws skills
portfolios, supervising and supporting
the production of study packs, dealing
with the Office’s financial matters and
servicing the Examinations Panel of the
External Laws Committee. I also assist
with answering student queries and the
organisation of teaching and inspection
visits to UK and overseas institutions,
including travel arrangements.
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 31
assurance, programme development,
distribution of learning materials
and processing of examinations.
Dipak Bhudia
Laws VLE Support
Officer
My main
responsibilities include
the day-to-day
supporting and developing of the Laws
Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). I have
previously worked on implementing
new education technology systems,
which has assisted me in the developing
of the new Laws VLE. Part of my role
is to ensure the programme learning
materials are available through the VLE,
and being the first point of contact
for any Laws VLE related issues.
Lindsay Rawlings
Laws Consortium
Administrative Officer
I am the first point
of contact for
enquiries to the Laws
Consortium Office and provide advice
and assistance to a wide range of staff
and students. My key responsibilities
are: providing administrative assistance
for the Laws Induction and Weekend
Courses; record keeping; supporting
the Laws Manager (Student Support)
with student surveys; supporting
the Laws Manager (Administration)
with the administration of the Laws
Skills Portfolios and Dissertations and
the production of study packs.
32 Undergraduate study in Laws
Entrance requirements
LLB
Diploma in the Common Law
To be eligible to register for the LLB
or the Diploma in the Common
Law you must normally* be at
least 17 years of age at the time of
registration and have passes in:
n either two subjects at GCE ‘A’
level and at least three further
subjects at GCSE or GCE ‘O’ level
(at not less than grade C or a
‘pass’ if taken prior to 1975)
n or three subjects at GCE ‘A’
level (one of which must be
at least grade D or above)
n or three subjects at GCE ‘A’ level and
one further subject at GCSE or GCE
‘O’ level (at not less than grade C)
n or two subjects at GCE ‘A’ level and
two further subjects at ‘AS’ level.
Notes:
n The University reserves the right to
request applicants to provide evidence
acceptable to the University of oral
and written competence in English
before an offer of registration can
be made (please see page 49).
n There are many other acceptable
qualifications both from the UK
and overseas which the University
accepts instead of British ‘O’ and
‘A’ levels (see ’Other acceptable
qualifications’ on the page opposite).
Graduate Entry to the LLB
The following are eligible to
apply for graduate entry:
n graduates holding a full first
degree from a state university
in the United Kingdom or
another European country
or in Australia, Canada, Hong
Kong SAR, Israel, Malaysia, New
Zealand, Singapore, Sri Lanka,
South Africa or the Caribbean
n graduates holding a full first
degree from a regionally
accredited institution in the USA
English language requirement
The language of instruction, reading
and assessment is English; success in
the LLB requires a good level of English
competence. Any candidates in doubt
as to their abilities in written and/or oral
English are strongly advised to undertake
English language courses and tests
before enrolling on the programme.
The Undergraduate Laws Programme
policy on English language requirements
is that all applicants must :
n sign a statement on their application
form acknowledging that they
are aware of the required English
language standard; and
n verify that they either have met
the required standard or are
undertaking examinations/
proficiency tests to meet it.
n In all instances where an ‘A’ level
examination is specified, two
‘AS’ level examinations can be
accepted as equivalent to, and
will replace, one ‘A’ level.
n The same subject may only be
offered once and at one level.
n graduates holding a full first
degree from an Indian Institute of
Technology or a four-year, full-time
first degree from a recognised
university or a three-year, full-time
first degree from a limited number
of acceptable universities in India
n graduates holding a four-year full-time
first degree from a limited number of
acceptable universities in Vietnam.
Note: Applications from students with
other degrees not listed above will
be considered at the discretion of the
University. Professional qualifications
cannot be considered for graduate entry.
Required standard
Candidates will usually be considered
to meet the English language
requirements on the basis that:
n their first language/mother
tongue is English;
or they provide satisfactory evidence
showing that they have had:
n substantial (minimum of 18
months) education (secondary or
higher) conducted in English; or
n substantial (minimum of 18
months) work experience
conducted in English; or
n passed acceptable examinations
in English equivalent to GCSE/
GCE ‘O’ Level English Language
grade C (please see page 49); or
n passed, at an appropriate level, a
test of proficiency in English that
is acceptable to the University of
London (please see page 49).
*Applications will be considered from
applicants who do not meet the
normal minimum age requirement
for admission. Each application
will be considered on an individual
basis, and the decision taken at the
discretion of the University of London.
Online access is a requirement for
registration to the LLB and Diploma
in the Common Law programmes.
If you do not have appropriate
online access you will not be able to
undertake the compulsory online
legal research exercises, complete
the online Skills Portfolio or fulfil
IT skills requirements. Technical
specifications are given on page 19.
 www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 33

Diploma in Law Other acceptable qualifications

To be eligible for the
Diploma you must:
n normally* be 18 years of age
or older before 1 September
in the year you register
with the University as an
External student and
n be admitted to a course of
instruction for the Diploma
at a teaching institution that
has been given ‘Permission
to teach’ for this purpose.
In addition to the above, many
Diploma-teaching institutions have
their own admission criteria. You must
contact the teaching institutions
directly for this information. Please
see pages 14–15 for contact
details of teaching institutions
with ‘Permission to teach’ status.
There are many other qualifications,
both from the United Kingdom and
overseas, that the University accepts
for admissions purposes. Some of
these may be found on pages 42–48.
The qualifications on those pages
are listed by country and in
accordance with the following key:
G satisfies the general entrance
requirements as a whole
A/AS is equivalent to GCE ‘A’/’AS’ level
O is equivalent to GCSE/GCE ‘O’ level
S satisfies the entrance requirements
for the degree/diploma named
Notes:
a. Even if your qualifications are not c. If, after considering your application,
automatically acceptable (i.e. your we are unable to accept you onto
qualification is not listed on pages the programme with your current
42–48 or you have not met the qualifications, we will suggest what
grades/marks specified) you are you can do to become qualified
encouraged to apply as it is still d. When your application is received
possible to consider your application it is kept on file for five years, during
(see ‘Special admissions’ below) which time we will give you any
b. The University cannot give advice further advice and information
or comment on qualifications and you require on the application.
eligibility until your application form,
all the necessary documentation and
the application handling fee have
been received

Special admissions

Note: The Special Admissions Panel considers

The University has a Special
Admissions Panel that will consider
an application from you if either;
n you have passed examinations
that would give you admission
to an acceptable university
outside the UK, or
n you have obtained an appropriate
qualification/s other than a degree
from an acceptable institution, or
n you have a professional
qualification/s (gained by
examination) that admits you to
membership of an acceptable
professional body, or
n if you do not meet the normal
minimum age requirement
for registration.
every aspect of the application including
all qualifications, relevant work experience
and reasons for study. You are asked to note,
however, that applications are rarely accepted
on the basis of extensive/relevant work
experience alone. Evidence of a qualification
obtained since leaving secondary/high
school is also invariably required. Having
considered your application, the Panel may
decide that you must obtain an additional
qualification/s before an offer of registration
for the External System can be made.
34 Undergraduate study in Laws
Application and registration process
How to apply and register
Getting started
Diploma in Law
n Applications for the Diploma
in Law must be submitted
through an independent
teaching institution and
not to the University of
London directly. Full details
about the Diploma, including
entrance criteria, syllabuses
and application forms should
be obtained from the teaching
institution at which the student
intends to enrol, not from
the University of London.
LLB and Diploma in
the Common law
n For the LLB and the Diploma
in the Common Law you can
either apply online (www.
londonexternal.ac.uk/
onlineapps/) or by post, using
the application form which
is printed in the centre of this
prospectus. DO NOT submit an
online application and one by
post. If you do, this will inevitably
delay both applications.
n If you decide to apply online,
please ensure you print off or
refer to the ‘Guidance notes for
applications (Undergraduate)‘
(www.londonexternal.ac.uk/
forms/online_application_
forms/ug_guidance_notes.
pdf) before you complete
the online application.
Stage 1
If you prefer to send your
application by post (not
by fax), please follow the
instructions below.
Complete the application
form, carefully and in full, listing
all your qualifications. It should
be submitted together with
the non-refundable application
handling fee and documentary
evidence of your full name
and every qualification you
have listed on your form to:
Admissions Office
External System
University of London,
Ground floor, Stewart House,
32 Russell Square
London WC1B 5DN, UK.
If you are unable to send all
of the documentation with
your application form please
enclose a letter with the
form giving the reasons.
Stage 2
If you intend to sit your first We will acknowledge receipt
examination in the year of your application form and
following your application, send you a student number.
your application form, fee and The allocation of a student
all documentary evidence in number at this stage does
support of your application not constitute acceptance
must be received as early as onto the programme.
possible but no later than: If you have not received
n 17 September an acknowledgement within
(if you live outside the EU) three weeks of sending in
n 17 October your form, please contact
(if you live within the EU). the Admissions Office with
details of your full name, the
Note: Applications received programme for which you
after the deadline date will have applied and the date you
be kept on file and processed posted your form and fee.
when the new Admissions year
opens in February. However,
you are asked to note that you
will then not be permitted to
enter your first examination
until the following year.
Applicants resident in Hong
Kong and Singapore should
return their application
form directly to:
Hong Kong:
London University
Applications, School of
Professional and Continuing
Education (SPACE),
University of Hong Kong,
3/F, Admiralty Centre,
18 Harcourt Road,
Hong Kong
Singapore:
RELC Examinations Bureau,
30 Orange Grove Road,
Level 3 RELC Building,
Singapore 258352
 www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 35

Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5

Your application will be OR We are currently To register, complete the When we receive your
considered, however, we unable to accept you registration form and fee registration form and fee,
will not be able to give you onto the programme. slip and return this with the the Registry will send
a final decision on your We will then make some registration fee. The form and you confirmation of your
application until all the suggestions as to what fee for both must be received registration and details of
necessary documentation you might do to become as early as possible but no how to apply for examination
has been received. qualified. If you take our later than 30 November in entry forms. The Despatch
We will write to advice and obtain the the year before you wish to Office will also send you
you with one of the qualification(s) we specify sit for your first examination. your study materials.
following responses: within the validity of the
EITHER You are qualified, application form (five
we will send you: years from the date it is
n a letter offering you received in our office), you
registration for your should submit evidence of
chosen programme the qualification(s) to the
(called the ‘Offer letter’) Admissions office. If it is then
n a registration form confirmed that the conditions
n a fee slip and have been met and the
n a copy of the current qualification is still available,
Regulations. the offer of registration
OR It appears that you will be issued. You will not
are qualified and we are need to submit a second
provisionally accepting application or pay a second
you, but in order to application handling fee.
receive a final ‘Offer letter’
you will need to submit
further information and/or
documentary evidence (as
specified in our letter) that
confirms the qualifications
on your application form.
OR We require more
information and/or
documentary evidence
before we can make a
decision on your application.
It may also be necessary
to then refer your application
to the Special Admissions
Panel for a final decision
to be made (see ‘Special
admissions’ on page 33).
36 Undergraduate study in Laws

Documentary evidence
All applicants
n We strongly advise you to
send all original documents by
Special Delivery or International
Recorded Delivery and to send us
payment for their return by this
method. If you do not pay the
return postage the documents
will be returned by second class
post/airmail (as applicable).
n If any evidence you submit is either
incomplete or unacceptable to the
University for admission purposes
or if we need further information
about a particular qualification (e.g. a
transcript and/or syllabus), we may
ask you to contact the appropriate
awarding or examining authority to
ask them to write to us direct giving
further details of your qualification/s.
n You can send us your original result
slip/s of any ‘A’ level examinations
for which the final certificate has
yet to be issued. However, result
slips from previous years cannot
be accepted – you will need to
submit the original certificate.
n We must receive all documentary
evidence forwarded after the
application form has been
submitted within one month of
the date of our request. If you are
unable to meet this deadline you
must let us know without delay.
n The University reserves the right
to ask for further evidence of
your qualification/s if required.
n It is your responsibility to arrange
for all the necessary documentation
to be obtained in support of your
application. The University cannot
undertake to do this on your behalf.
(This also applies to any translation(s)
of documents submitted by the
applicant that may be required.)

Applicants living outside Applicants living in the UK

Useful information for applicants
n Submit your application
even if it is incomplete (for
example: if you are waiting
to sit an examination or to
receive examination results).
Do not delay – we can
often begin to consider
your application without
all the evidence, although
we will not be able to give
you a final decision on your
application until all the
the UK should enclose:
EITHER the original certificate/s showing
the final award/s for each qualification
OR photocopies of these originals
verified by a British Council official. If
the British Council is unable to provide
this service for any reason, it will be
necessary for you to either send the
original certificates with your application
or you should contact the appropriate
awarding/ examining authority and
arrange for them to send us direct
a certified statement of results.
We cannot accept photocopies
that have been verified by anyone
other than a British Council official.
necessary documentation form. Do not send them
has been received and separately. You are also
inspected to our satisfaction. asked to note that this
n We cannot tell you fee cannot be refunded.
whether you are eligible n Once your application
until your form, application is received, it is kept on
handling fee and all the file for five years. During
required documentation this time we will give
have been received. you any advice and
n The application handling information you need
fee must be submitted about your application
with the application at no extra cost.
n Enclose, where available, the
original certificate/s showing the
final award/s for each qualification.
Photocopies cannot be accepted
for admission purposes.
n If you would prefer not to send
your original certificates by post,
you may wish to bring your
application form, application
handling fee and all the
original certificates into the
Admissions Office personally.
n We will photocopy the certificates
and return them to you. Your
application will then be processed
in the usual way and the
decision sent to you by post.
n If an original certificate is unavailable
for any reason, you may either
submit any other evidence
that you have relating to the
qualification(s) or await our initial
response to your application. We
will then advise you exactly what
evidence you need to submit.
n If the evidence you submit is
incomplete or unacceptable for
any reason, we will ask you to
contact the appropriate awarding
or examining authority to arrange
for them to send us direct a
certified statement of your results.
 www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 37

‘I think the key to success

was discipline. There
really was no substitute
for discipline when doing a
degree by External study.’
May Ling Wong

Profile: May Ling Wong | LLB graduate

‘I particularly liked the way in
which the programme was
structured. It gave me the
flexibility I wanted. Another
influential factor was being
able to get a qualification
from a prestigious institution
like the University of London.
I attended classes at
a local institution, HKU
SPACE, and was delighted
that after three years of
intense hard work I achieved
a First Class degree. I'm
extremely pleased with
the result, and the fact it
has opened so many doors
for me. I'm now working
in an international law firm,
after having completed the
Postgraduate Certificate in
Laws and a two year training
contract. I have in fact just
been admitted as a solicitor
in Hong Kong. Although it
took a total of six years to
get here, looking back, it was
worth every minute. It was
a huge decision to change
my career completely from
medical research to law, and
there's no way I would've
been able to do that without
the University of London.
I think the key to success
was discipline. There really
was no substitute for
discipline when doing a
degree by External study.
Believe me, at the end of
the day, it's worth it, and
it's a skill that will serve you
well in the future too.’
May Ling works for
an international law
firm in Hong Kong.
38 Undergraduate study in Laws
Recognition of prior study
Credit transfer
A completed first degree
If you have already completed a
first degree (e.g. a BA or BSc), then
you may be eligible for the LLB
Graduate Entry Routes. This means
that you will only have to study
nine subjects rather than 12.
n Your first degree must be from
an institution acceptable to the
University for this purpose.
n You must also satisfy the general
entrance requirements for registration.
n You cannot in addition be
given recognition for individual
subjects previously studied.
The University will assess all requests
for credit transfer on an individual basis
and at the discretion of the University.
Note: Qualifying Law Degree status. The
Graduate Entry Route LLB is recognised
as a QLD by the professional bodies of
England & Wales, so long as the other QLD
requirements are fulfilled. See page 28.
Partially completed studies
You may be able to transfer credits
in individual subjects if you have
undertaken part of an appropriate
degree at another institution and
passed these subjects. This allows
you to complete your studies for
the LLB as an External student
under Scheme A or Scheme B.
n An appropriate degree’ will in practice
normally mean another UK-based
Qualifying Law Degree programme.
n Credit transfer is possible only in
respect to the Intermediate level
subjects on the LLB Scheme A or
their equivalent on Scheme B.
n You must not have failed subjects
either in that year or subsequently.
n Transfer of credits counts towards the
total number of subjects you have
to take to complete the degree. For
example, if you are granted full credit
transfer for a completed year’s work
of 120 credits you will then have to
undertake Part I and Part II studies.
n The degree classification that you
receive (i.e. First, Upper Second etc)
will not be affected by the marks
in the subjects you transfer. This
is because degree classification
is worked out on the basis of
Part I and Part II performance.
n Credit transfer for individual subjects
is not possible for the equivalent
of Part I or Part II subjects.
n Credit transfer for individual subjects
is not possible for the Diploma in
Law or Graduate Entry Routes.
n You must have passed these
subjects within the three years
prior to the date of application.
(The University will assess all requests
for credit transfer on an individual
basis and at the discretion of the
University. In considering whether
to grant recognition of your prior
study, the University will follow the
Credit Transfer sections of the Guide
to the Academic Stage of Training
issued by the professional bodies in
respect to qualifying as a barrister
or solicitor in England & Wales.)
Exemption for prior learning
If you have obtained Level 6 of the
Professional Higher Diploma in Law
of the Institute of Legal Executives,
you may apply for exemption for
prior learning for up to a maximum of
four Intermediate subjects. No other
professional qualifications are eligible.
(The University will assess requests
for exemption for prior credit transfer
on an individual basis and at the
discretion of the University.)
 www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 39

For students wishing to obtain
a Qualifying Law Degree
In order for the final degree to be a
Qualifying Law Degree, the following
requirements must be met:
n the degree programme from
which credits were transferred
must have formed part of a
Qualifying Law Degree and
n the entire course of study,
including the study for which
credit transfer or exemption for
prior learning is awarded, must
not be more than six years; and
n credits transferred in respect of the
Foundations of Legal Knowledge
subject/areas (as defined in the
Professional Bodies’ qualifying
regulations) and the remaining
Foundations of Legal Knowledge
subjects taken for the degree
must total at least 180 credits (90
European Credit Transfer); and
n the student must satisfy the
requirements for demonstrating
subject specific and transferable skills
as agreed between the University
and the Joint Academic Stage Board.
How do I apply for
recognition of prior study?
Please read this section carefully.
In the case of recognition of a completed
first degree you need to follow the
instructions in respect of applying for
Graduate Entry (see the appropriate
section on the LLB application form).
In the case of recognition of partially
completed study, you must make a
formal application. Please complete
the ‘application for credit transfer’
section of the LLB application form
included in the centre of this prospectus
when you apply (see ‘Application and
registration process’ on page 34). If, for
any reason, you are unable to do this
you should write as soon as possible
to the External Admissions Office
at the address given on page 34.
Deadline date
We must receive your application
for credit transfer no later than:
17 September
(if you live outside the EU)
17 October
(if you live within the EU)
On receipt of your credit transfer
application, the Admissions Office
will send you one of the following:
n an exemption/credit transfer request
pack comprising a request for, fee
slip and a covering letter. Please
complete and return request form
and fee, following the instructions
given in the accompanying letter.
You must also submit all the
documentary evidence requested
in the letter and the fee indicated.
We will only be able to fully consider
your application after we have
received the necessary documentary
evidence. Once we have received
this we will then take a decision on
your application for recognition of
prior learning as soon as possible.
Please note that it is not possible
for us to refund this fee, even if
we are unable to award you any
recognition for your prior learning.
n or a decision letter informing you that
your request has been unsuccessful.
Note: Applications for recognition cannot
be considered after a student has made
entry to the examination. Students must
note that no recognition will be granted
unless specific application has been made.

Profile: Suvitcha Nativivat | LLB graduate

'I chose to study at the
University of London for
different reasons from
others. While I was studying
for a 'civil law' LLB at
Chulalongkorn University,
the most prestigious
university in Thailand, I
took on a tough challenge:
I studied for my second
'common law' LLB at the
University of London as an
External student. I did so
out of my desire to master
the comparative knowledge
and skills in both dominant
legal systems, and to give
myself a splendid career
option – working either in
Bangkok or in London.
During my study, I
had access to the latest
information in the newly-
overhauled online library
resources that would have
taken me a million years to
explore. If you are struggling
to find something, you have
the best help available 24-7.
Also, the annual revision
courses at Cambridge
University exposed me to
the teaching of the best-
known scholars in the world.
Due to the same standard been accepted to the LLM
as that of the college-based programmes at two of the
students, great diligence, Ivy League universities in
firm discipline, and careful the US. These opportunities
time management are are knocking at your door,
required to pass its rigorous and you simply need the
exams; but, trust me, this motivation to
superb investment is worth grasp these
your time and money. chances!'
The University of
London External System’s Suvitcha is
internationally-recognized an Associate
high standard places you at Bunchong
on an equal footing with and Vidhya Law
full-time students in London. Office, Bangkok.
Thanks to the University
of London, so far, I have
40 Undergraduate study in Laws
Profile: Evelyn Khoo | LLB graduate
Evelyn Khoo is Senior Associate
at an investment bank and
chose to study the LLB
through the University of
London External System to
help give her an advantage
in today’s competitive job
market. ‘I believe a degree
from University of London
will help anyone in pursuing
their ambitions, anywhere in
the world.’ The programme
‘I believe a degree from University
of London will help anyone
in pursuing their ambitions,
anywhere in the world.'
Evelyn Khoo
provided Evelyn with the with an investment bank.’
knowledge and skills which Evelyn works for an
have helped her grow both investment bank in Malaysia
intellectually and personally.
‘Most importantly, it was a major
factor in my gaining a new job

Scholarships for External students
We are not aware of any scholarships that are generally available to External students who wish to
study the LLB or Diploma. If you are outside the United Kingdom and you have a British Council office
near to you, it might be worth checking if they know of any local funding or sponsorship.
The Malaysian LLB scholarship
King’s College London and
the University of London
External System
The External System and King’s College
London have established a scholarship
which is awarded annually to an LLB
External student who is a citizen of
Malaysia, living and studying in Malaysia.
This scholarship was awarded for the first
time in 1995. Funding for the scholarship
comes from the External System
and the successful applicant enters
King’s College London to complete
Part I and Part II of their degree.
King’s College London
The campus of King’s College is in the
centre of London, very close to the
Inns of Court and the Royal Courts of
Justice. Law has been taught at King’s
since 1831 and the College has for many
years taken Malaysian students into its
undergraduate and postgraduate law
degree programmes. Staff from King’s
have always had a close connection
with the External System and participate
fully in the intensive weekend
courses held for External students.
Who can apply?
The scholarship is open to students
who are sitting the Intermediate
examination under LLB Scheme A.
Applicants must be Malaysian citizens
who have undertaken their secondary
education in Malaysia, and who are
living and studying in Malaysia.
The scholarship will be offered to
the applicant who achieves the
highest marks in the Intermediate
examination provided that he or
she is taking the examination for
the first time and that his or her
application is otherwise satisfactory.
Making an application
Details of how to apply are given
in the Student Handbook sent
to all registered students.
What is the scholarship worth?
The successful student benefits
from a scholarship of around £17,500
each year. Further details are given
with the application form.
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 41
Please note: the award of a scholarship
place is exceptional. King’s College
London cannot normally consider
other applications from External
students who wish to transfer to
King’s for the second year of their
study. You are asked not to contact
King’s College directly in this respect
or in connection with the scholarship,
which will be administered by the
External System Examinations Office.
The Jim Stephens
Memorial Scholarship
The Jim Stephens Memorial Scholarship
may be awarded at the discretion of
the Board of Examiners to the student
who achieved the best results at the LLB
Intermediate Scheme A examination.
The value of the scholarship will cover
the continuing registration fee and
the examination fees for Scheme A
Part I or Scheme B Year 2, and a further
£250 towards the cost of books.
42 Undergraduate study in Laws

Qualifications for entrance

O A S G
The following list was published in
International International General Certificate of Secondary l
March 2008. It is reviewed and updated qualifications Education (IGCSE) – grades A to C.
annually and therefore is subject to
Advanced International Certificate of l
amendment in future years. You are Education, provided that a minimum
score of 120 points is achieved.
asked to note that applications will be
considered on the basis of the list that European Baccalaureate. l

is in effect at the time the application International Baccalaureate (the Diploma). l

is received in the Admissions Office. Algeria Baccalaureat, provided that a grade l
of at least Bien is achieved.

This section lists some of the
qualifications that have been
recognised by the External System
Argentina Bachillerato provided a mark of 7 has been l
obtained (except for English Language).
Bachillerato Especializado (except for English
Language) provided a mark of 7 has been obtained.
l

as satisfying either the general

Australia CPA Australia (formerly known as Australian l
entrance requirements or part of Society of Accountants), Associate membership,
the general entrance requirements having passed all final examinations.

or the entrance requirements for Institute of Chartered Accountants, Membership, l

having passed all final examinations.
one particular degree or diploma.
Australian Universities Admission Index (UAI) l
Capitol Territory score of 80 or above.
Qualifications that satisfy the
New South Universities Admission Index (UAI) l
general entrance requirements do Wales score of 80 or above.
not necessarily satisfy the course Northern An Equivalent National Tertiary l
requirements (where applicable). The Territory Entrance Rank of 80 or above.

course requirements are considered Queensland An Overall Position (OP) Band score between 1 and 8. l
separately and may not appear in this list. South Australia An Equivalent National Tertiary l
Entrance Rank of 80 or above.

All applications are considered Tasmania An Equivalent National Tertiary l

Entrance Rank of 80 or above.
individually on merit. Therefore, even
if, according to this list, you appear Victoria An Equivalent National Tertiary l
Entrance Rank of 80 or above.
to satisfy the entrance requirements,
Western An Equivalent National Tertiary l
you may not be automatically eligible Australia Entrance Rank of 80 or above.
to register as an External student. Austria Maturazeugnis. l

Reifezeugnis. l
Please note: this list is given for guidance
Bangladesh Higher Secondary Certificate or Intermediate, l
purposes only and the External System subjects passed at 60% or better (with the
reserves the right to amend it at any time. exception of English Language), or, from
2003 onward, a grade of A- or better.
For the latest update, usually available
Belgium Bekwaamheidsdiploma. l
from the end of April, please visit our
website: www.londonexternal.ac.uk/ Diplôme d’Aptitude à l’Enseignement Superieur. l

how_to_apply/qualified.shtml Maturité. l

Bosnia – Matura. l
The qualifications are listed by country and Herzegovina

in accordance with the following key: Brunei Cambridge/Brunei General Certificate l

of Education (Grades 1-6).

O is equivalent to GCSE/GCE O level Cambridge/Brunei Advanced Level l

General Certificate od Education .
A (or AS) is equivalent to GCE A/AS level
Bulgaria Matura. l
S satisfies the entrance requirements
for the degree/diploma named Cameroon Cameroon Ordinary Level Certificate l
of Education (Grades A and B).
G satisfies the general entrance
Cameroon Advanced Level Certificate l
requirements as a whole of Education Grades A-D.

Canada Passes in five acceptable Grade 12 courses, provided l

Alberta that at least 70% is achieved in each of those courses.

Canada Passes in five acceptable subjects in the
(continued) Senior Secondary Graduation Diploma,
British Columbia provided that not less than grade B is
achieved in each of those subjects.
Manitoba Not less than five credits at the 300 Level in
at least four subject areas in the High School
Graduation Diploma, provided that at least
70% is achieved in each of those subjects.
New Brunswick Passes in five acceptable subjects in the High
School Graduation Diploma, provided that at
least 70% is achieved in each of those subjects.
Newfoundland Passes in at least five acceptable subjects in the
Grade 12 High School Diploma, provided that at
least 70% is achieved in each of those subjects.
Nova Scotia Passes in five acceptable Grade 12 subjects in
Honours University Preparatory Courses or in
University Preparatory Courses in the High School
Completion Certificate, provided that at least
70% is achieved in each of those subjects.
Ontario Passes in six Ontario Academic Courses
(OACs), provided that at least 70% is
achieved in each of those courses.
Passes in six final year U, UC or M coded courses,
provided that at least 70% is achieved.
Prince Edward Passes in five acceptable Grade 12 subjects in the
Island High School Graduation Diploma, provided that at
least 70% is achieved in each of those subjects.
Québec Diplome d’Etudes Collegiales (DEC)
[Diploma of Collegial Studies].
Saskatchewan Passes in five acceptable subjects of Division
IV standing, provided that at least 70% is
achieved in each of those subjects.
China Senior High School Diploma – passes at a
minimum of either 70% or Grade B in the final
year of the diploma, on a subject for subject
basis, with the exception of English language.
Croatia Matura.
Cyprus Apolytirion, provided that an average
mark of at least 17 is achieved.
A diploma awarded by the Higher Technical
Institute, provided that it is at least two
years full time or four years part time.
Czech Republic Maturita.
Maturitna Zjouska.
Denmark Hojere Forberedelseseksamen.
Studentereksamen.
Egypt Thanaweya A’ama (General Secondary School
Certificate) subjects passed at 70% or better
(with the exception of English Language).
Fiji Fiji Form 7 Examination subjects
passed with grades A to C
Finland Studentexamen.
Ylioppilastutkinto.
France Baccalaureat d’Enseignement du Second Degré.
Option Internationale du Baccalaureat (OIB).
Germany Abitur.
Zeugnis der Allgemeinen Hochschulreife.
Greece Apolytirion of Lykeion, provided that an
average mark of at least 17 is achieved.
Hong Kong Matriculation Examination of the
SAR University of Hong Kong.
Hong Kong Certificate of Education
grades A–C in any medium.
Hong Kong Higher Level Examination grades A–D.
Hong Kong Advanced Supplementary (AS)
Examination (in and after 1994; grades A–E) [Note:
a pass at the AS ‘Use of English’ examination is not
acceptable as equivalent to GCSE/GCE O Level English
Language grade C, but may be considered as acceptable
evidence of proficiency in English.] ✔= AS level only
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 43
O A S G O A S G
l Hong Kong Hong Kong Advanced Level Examination l
SAR (continued) grades A–E [Note: a pass at grades A–C in Use
of English is accepted as equivalent to grade C
at GCSE/GCE O level in English Language.]
l A Diploma awarded by one of the following l
institutions, provided that it is at least two years
full time or four years part time: City University
of Hong Kong (previously City Polytechnic of
Hong Kong); Hong Kong Baptist University
l (previously Hong Kong Baptist College); Hong Kong
Polytechnic University (previously Hong Kong
Polytechnic); Lingnan College; Shue Yan College.
l Higher Certificate or Higher Diploma of the City l
University of Hong Kong (previously City Polytechnic
of Hong Kong) or Hong Kong Polytechnic University
(previously Hong Kong Polytechnic).
l
Diploma in Business Studies of the Hang Seng l
School of Commerce, provided that three of
the examinations in the final year are passed
in approved subjects with at least two at
grade B and a further one at grade C.
l
Associate Degree from a recognised l
awarding institution in Hong Kong.
l Associate degree awarded by Hong Kong University/ l
SPACE satisfies the course requirement of GCSE/O
Level Mathematics for degrees in Economics,
l Management, Finance and Social Sciences.
University of Hong Kong/SPACE, Community l
College, Advanced Certificate of General Studies.
l
University of Hong Kong/SPACE Diploma in Finance. l
University of Hong Kong/SPACE Diploma l
l in Housing Management.
University of Hong Kong/SPACE Shanghai l
Diploma in Economics and Management.
l
University of Hong Kong/SPACE Advanced l
Diplomas in Finance, Finance (Investments),
Accounting or in Management Studies satisfy the
entry requirements for degrees in Economics,
l Management, Finance & Social Sciences only.
l University of Hong Kong/SPACE Higher Diplomas l
in Business awarded after a course of study lasting
two years in the following pathways, Corporate
l Administration & Governance, International Trade
and Quality & Operations Management satisfy
the entry requirements for degrees in Economics,
Management, Finance & Social Sciences only.
l
University of Hong Kong/SPACE Higher Diplomas l
l in Business awarded after a course of study
l lasting 3 years in the following pathways,
Accounting; Financial Services; Marketing
l & Management; Marketing & Media; and in
Sales Marketing & Advertising, satisfy the
l entry requirements for degrees in Economics,
Management, Finance & Social Sciences only.
University of Hong Kong/SPACE Higher Diplomas l
l in Information Technology and in Corporate
Communications & Management, awarded
after a course of study lasting 3 years, satisfy the
l entry requirements for degrees in Economics,
Management, Finance & Social Sciences only.
l
University of Hong Kong Certificate in Legal l
l Studies Year II (if awarded prior to 2005).
l University of Hong Kong Diploma in l
Legal Studies (awarded after 2005).
l
University of Hong Kong/SPACE l
l Advanced Diploma in Legal Studies.
l Hong Kong Management Association/ l
Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Joint
Diploma in Management Studies.
l
Hong Kong Management Association/Lingnan l
University Joint Diploma in Management Studies.
l
Open Learning Institute course with 40 credits (mature l
age candidates may apply on the basis of 20 credits).
l
A Teacher’s Certificate awarded by one of the l
✔ following institutions, provided that it is at
least two years full time: Grantham College of
Education; Northcote College of Education; Sir
Robert Black College of Education; the Hong
Kong Institute of Education (includes the
Hong Kong Technical Teachers College and
the Institute of Language in Education).
44 Undergraduate study in Laws
Hong Kong Vocational Training Council Diplomas,
SAR (continued) provided that at least three full units in
acceptable subjects are passed at Merit Level
(or at 60% or more) in the second year.
Hong Kong Technical College (Chai Wan or
Tsing Yi)/ Vocational Training Council Higher
Certificates in acceptable subjects.
Hong Kong Technical College (Chai Wan or Tsing
Yi)/Vocational Training Council Higher Diplomas.
Hungary Erettsegi.
Matura.
Iceland Studentsprof.
India Year XII CBSE All India/Delhi Senior School Certificate
or Year XII CISC Indian School Certificate, 4 acceptable
academic subjects each passed at 80% or better.
Year XII CBSE All India/Delhi Senior School
Certificate or Year XII CISC Indian School
Certificate Mathematics passed at 70% satisfies
the course requirement for entry to BSc CIS.
All India Senior School Certificate (year 12)
and Delhi Senior School Certificate (year
12) subjects passed at 50% or above.
All India Senior School Certificate (Year 11), Indian
School Certificate (Year 11) and Delhi Senior School
Certificate (Year 11) – Mathematics passed at 80%
or over, satisfies the GCSE/GCE O level Mathematics
course requirement for the BSc degrees in Economics,
Management, Finance and the Social Sciences only.
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education
Diploma in Information Technology awarded
(in and after 2004) with a First Class result,
providing that a mark of at least 60% is obtained
in module 902 Engineering Mathematics and
in 1135 Applied Mathematics, satisfies the
entrance requirements for the BSc Computing
& Information Systems degree only.
Indonesia Sekolah Menengah Umum (from 1996),
except English Language, provided
that a mark of 8 is achieved.
Ireland, Irish Leaving Certificate grades A–C at Ordinary Level.
Republic of
Matriculation Examination of the
National University of Ireland.
Irish Leaving Certificate, provided that the candidate
has obtained passes in five approved subjects
at the Higher (Honours) Level with not less than
grade B in one of those subjects and not less
than grade C in the remaining four (an individual
subject passed at grades A–D at the Higher
(Honours) Level is accepted as equivalent to a pass
at not less than grade C at GCSE/GCE O level).
Irish Auctioneers and Valuers Institute, Membership
having passed all the required examinations.
Limerick Vocational Education Committee
(formerly Limerick Senior College)
Diploma in Economic Science.
National Council for Educational Awards
(NCEA), National Diploma.
Israel Bagrut, provided that a mark of at least 6 is
achieved in at least seven subjects, at least two
of which should have been taken in five units.
Mechina.
Italy Diploma di Maturita.
Diploma di Esame di Stato, in and after 1999.
Kenya Kenya Certificate of Secondary
Education grades C+ or above.
Kenya Advanced Certificate of Education
(KACE), provided that three subjects have
been passed at Grade D or above.
Higher Diploma of a Polytechnic.
One or two years’ successful completion
of a degree from either a public university
or a recognised private university.
O A S G O A S G
l Kenya Certified Public Accountants (CPA), having l
(continued) successfully completed all three parts of the
examinations of the Kenya Accountants and
Secretaries National Examination Board (KASNEB).
l Certified Public Secretaries (CPS), having l
successfully completed all three parts of the
examinations of the Kenya Accountants and
Secretaries National Examination Board (KASNEB).
l
Luxembourg Diplome de Fin d’Études Secondaires. l
l
Macedonia, Former Yugoslav Republic of
l
Matura. l
l
Malawi Malawi Certificate of Education grades 1–4. l
l
Malaysia Federation of Malaysia School Certificate Examination. l
Malaysia Certificate of Education/Sijil l
✔ Pelajaran Malaysia (in and after 1978) grades
1–6 [Note: no recognition is given to 322 or 122
English Language Communicational.]
Malaysia Higher School Certificate/Sijil Tinggi l
l Persekolahan Malaysia (grades A–E in Kertas Am).
Malaysian Independent Chinese Secondary l
Schools System Unified Examination
l
Certificate (UEC) grade B6 or above.
Joint Examination for the Higher School Certificate l
and Advanced Level General Certificate of Education
in Malaysia and Singapore [Note: a pass in English
Usage at the subsidiary level is recognised as equivalent
l to a grade C at GCSE/GCE O level English Language.]
Malaysia Higher School Certificate/Sijil Tinggi l
Persekolahan Malaysia (except Kertas Am)
Grades A-E in the former marking scheme.
Malaysia Higher School Certificate/Sijil Tinggi l
Persekolahan Malaysia (except Kertas Am) Grades
A-C from 2003 in the new marking scheme.
l
Unified Examination Certificate (UEC) offered by l
the Malaysian Independent Chinese Secondary
Schools System providing that 5 acceptable
l subjects are passed at Credit (or B) or better,
together with at least 3 non-overlapping subjects
awarded with grades 1 to 6 in the SPM, satisfies the
l entrance requirements for the LLB degree only.
A diploma awarded by one of the following l
l institutions, provided that it is at least two years
full time or four years part time: a university or
polytechnic that is acceptable to the University
of London; Tunku Abdul Rahman College.
HELP University College Foundation course ✔ l
in Economics and Management Part I (also
satisfies the course requirement of a GCSE/
GCE O Level in a mathematical subject) for
l
the degrees in Economics, Management,
Finance and the Social Sciences only.
l
HELP University College Diploma in Business (also ✔ l
satisfies the course requirement of GCSE/GCE O
level in a mathematical subject) for the degrees in
l Economics, Management, Finance and the Social
Sciences only, normally on condition that the student
reached the age of 18 years by 31 December in the
l year in which they register for the UOL programme.
HELP University College Foundation in Arts (also ✔ l
satisfies the course requirement of GCSE/GCE O
l level in a mathematical subject) for the degrees in
Economics, Management, Finance and the Social
l Sciences only, on condition that the student has a)
taken two economics electives and, normally, b)
l reached the age of 18 years by 31 December in the
year in which they register for the UOL programme.
l
HELP University College Foundation in Science (also ✔ l
l satisfies the course requirement of GCSE/GCE O
level in a mathematical subject) for the degrees in
Economics, Management, Finance and the Social
Sciences only, on condition that the student has
l a) taken three science units as electives (biology,
chemistry and physics) and, normally, b) reached
l the age of 18 years by 31 December in the year
in which they register for the UOL programme.

Malaysia Institut Perkim Goon Certificate in Business
(continued) Administration, provided the following conditions
have been met: (1) both English Language and
Mathematics were passed at SPM; (2) normally that
the student is at least 19 years of age on 1 August
in the year that the Certificate was awarded; (3)
that at least grade C was obtained in all units.
Inti College, Sarawak – the Foundation Programme in
Business satisfies the general entrance requirements
and the GCSE/GCE O level at Grade C in Mathematics
course requirement (but not the Test of Proficiency
in English) for the BSc degrees in Economics,
Management, Finance and the Social Sciences only,
provided the following conditions are also satisfied: a)
students must have passed all the compulsory units
and the requisite number of elective units of the
Foundation programme and b) normally students
must have attained the age of 18 years before 1
September in the year in which they register.
Kemayan ATC-Certificate in Business Studies
satisfies both the general entrance and
Mathematics course requirement for the BSc
EMFSS degrees on condition, normally, the
student is at least 18 years of age by 31 December
in the year they register as an External student;
they have 5 or more passes at SPM including
Mathematics and English and have successfully
completed the Certificate with passes in the
following units: Introduction to Accounting, Basic
Financial Accounting, Introduction to Micro-
economics, Introduction to Macro-economics.
A Diploma awarded by MARA Institute of Technology.
Malaysian Institute of Management,
Diploma in Management.
Rima College Diploma in Law stage 1,
provided that at least 50% is achieved in each
of the four subjects and, normally, that the
applicant is at least 19 years old on 1 August
in the year in which Stage 1 is obtained.
Sepang Institute of Technology: Degree
Foundation Studies Programme, provided that
the following conditions are met: (1) normally
the student must be at least 18 years old before
31 December in the year that he/she applies to
register as an External Student; (2) must have 5
or more passes at SPM, which include a Credit
in both Mathematics and English; (3) must have
successfully completed the Diploma Foundation
Programme with a GPA of 2.00 or better in each
of the following subjects: Foundation Economics,
Foundation Mathematics and Foundation
Statistics (also satisfies the course requirement
of GCSE/GCE O Level in a mathematical subject
for the degrees in Economics, Management,
Finance and the Social Sciences only).
Tunku Abdul Rahman College (TAR) Diploma in
Business (Business Economics) – (also satisfies
the course requirement of GCSE/GCE O level in a
mathematical subject) for the degrees in Economics,
Management, Finance and the Social Sciences only,
normally on condition that the student reached
the age of 18 years by 31 December in the year
in which they register for the UOL programme.
Malta MATSEC Secondary Education Certificate,
grades 1–4 on a subject for subject basis.
Advanced Matriculation or Matriculation Certificate:
A pass at Grades A to C in a single Advanced
subject of the Matriculation Certificate.
Matriculation Certificate module in Pure
Mathematics passed at Intermediate level satisfies
the course requirements for entry to BSc CIS.
Matriculation certificate (from 1997).
Morocco Baccalaureat, provided that a grade
of at least Bien is achieved.
Netherlands Diploma Voorbereidend Wetenschappelijk
Ouderwijs (VWO).
HBS.
New Zealand New Zealand Department of Education School
Certificate (subjects passed at 50% or above).
New Zealand Bursary A or B.
Nigeria Nigerian Senior School Certificate awarded by WAEC
(West African Examinations Council). (Grades 1–6).
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 45
O A S G O A S G
l Nigeria Higher Diplomas awarded by universities acceptable l
(continued) to the University of London, provided that the
study programme was at least two years full time.
Norway Examen Artium. l
Vitnemal fra den Videeregaende Skola. l
l
Pakistan Higher Secondary Certificate or Intermediate, l
subjects passed at 60% or better (with
the exception of English Language).
Poland Matura. l
Swiadectwo Dojrzalosci. l
Portugal Certidão do Decimo Segundo Ano or Certidão l
do Ensino Secondario provided that an overall
average of at least 14 (bom) has been achieved.
l Romania Diploma de Bacalaureat. l
Saudi Arabia Tawjihiyah (General Secondary Education l
Certificate), on a subject for subject basis (with
the exception of English Language), provided
that a mark of 60% or more is obtained.
Serbia and Montenegro
Matura. l
Singapore Singapore/Cambridge General Certificate of l
Education (in and after 1971) grades 1–6.
l
l Joint Examination for the Higher School Certificate l
and Advanced level General Certificate of Education
in Malaysia and Singapore [Note: a pass in English
l Usage at the subsidiary level is recognised as equivalent
to a grade C at GCSE/GCE O level English Language.]
Singapore/Cambridge Advanced level General l
Certificate of Education (in and after 1975)
[Note: Management of Business is accepted
✔ l as a pass at GCE A level only if awarded in or
after 1987 Passes obtained before 1987 are
accepted as equivalent to GCSE/GCE O level].
Diploma, Professional Diploma or Technical l
Diploma awarded by one of the following
institutions, provided that it is at least
two years full time or four years part
time: Nanyang Polytechnic, Ngee Ann
Polytechnic, Republic Polytechnic, Singapore
Polytechnic or Temasek Polytechnic.
Nanyang Polytechnic: the following Diplomas l
satisfy the entrance requirements (including
the GCE AS level in Mathematics course
requirement) for BSc Computing and Information
✔ l Systems: Electronics, Computer and Control
Engineering; Electronics, Computer and
Communications Engineering; Electronics
and Computer Engineering; Manufacturing
Engineering; Mechatronics Engineering;
Multimedia and Infocomm Technology;
Multimedia System Engineering.
FTMS Business School, Diploma in Business ✔ l
l Administration Foundation Stage ✔ also satisfies
the course requirement of GCSE/GCE O Level
mathematics for the degrees in EMFSS (normally
l on condition the student has reached the
age of 18 years by 31 December in the year in
which they register as an External student).
✔
Ngee Ann Polytechnic: both the Advanced l
Diploma in Computer and Communications
Systems and the following Diplomas satisfy
l the entrance requirements (including the GCE
AS level in Mathematics course requirement)
l for BSc Computing and Information Systems:
Diploma in Building Services Engineering; Civil
and Environmental Engineering; Electronic and
l Telecomm Engineering; QA Engineering.
Singapore Polytechnic: the following Diplomas l
l satisfy the entrance requirements (including the
GCE AS level in Mathematics course requirement)
l for BSc Computing and Information Systems:
Civil and Structural Engineering; Computer &
Network Technology; Instrumentation and Control
l
Engineering; Materials Engineering; Mechatronics.
l
46 Undergraduate study in Laws
Singapore Temasek Polytechnic: the following Diplomas
(continued) satisfy the entrance requirements (including the
GCE AS level in Mathematics course requirement)
for BSc Computing and Information Systems:
Computer Engineering; Intelligent Building
Technology; Mechatronics; Microelectronics;
Quality Engineering; Quality Engineering
and Management; Telecommunications.
A diploma awarded by one of the following
institutions, provided that it is at least two
years full time or four years part time: the
French–Singapore Institute of Electro-
Technology; the German–Singapore Institute
of Production Technology; the Japanese –
Singapore Institute of Software Technology.
Comsertrac Higher Diploma in
Computer Studies (BSc CIS only).
A teaching certificate awarded by the
Institute of Education, provided that
it is at least two years full time.
Ong Teng Cheong Institute of Labour
Studies/Singapore Institute of Management
Diploma in Employment Relations.
PSB Academy Advanced Diplomas in Business
Studies, Marketing and Sales Management,
Quality Management, Human Resource
Management and in Commerce.
PSB Academy Diplomas in Business Efficiency
and Productivity, Business Administration,
Management Accounting and Finance and
in Human Resource Management providing,
normally, that for all diplomas the student is
at least 19 years old on 1 August in the year
they obtain the diploma and that they obtain
an average of not less than C (60%) overall.
PSB Academy Bridging Course in Mathematics:
satisfies the requirement for a GCSE/O Level in
a Mathematical subject only for the degrees
in Economics, Finance and Social Sciences
(and for the Access route to these degrees).
Singapore Institute of Banking and Finance,
Diploma in Banking and Finance.
Singapore Institute of Labour Studies,
Diploma in Industrial Relations.
Singapore Institute of Labour Studies/
Singapore Institute of Management (SILS/
SIM) Diploma in Employment Relations.
Singapore Institute of Management, Bridging course
in Mathematics: 4 satisfies the requirement of a
GCSE/GCE O Level in a mathematical subject only
for the Diploma in CIS and degrees in Economics,
Management Finance and the Social Sciences
(and for the Access route to these degrees).
Singapore Institute of Management, Bridging
Course in Mathematics passed at 50% or over,
satisfies the GCE AS level in Mathematics
course requirement for BSc Computing and
Information Systems 4= AS level only
Singapore Institute of Management,
Diploma in Business Management.
Singapore Institute of Management, Diploma
in Human Resource Development.
Singapore Institute of Management, Diploma
in Management Practice, provided the
applicant is at least 19 years on 1 August in
the year in which the diploma is awarded.
Singapore Institute of Management,
Diploma in Management Studies.
Singapore Society of Accountants, Membership,
having passed all final examinations.
Stansfield School of Business, Bridging course
in Mathematics: 4 satisfies the requirement
of a GCSE/GCE O Level in a mathematical
subject only for the degrees in Economics,
Management Finance and the Social Sciences
(and for the Access route to these degrees).
Stansfield School of Business Bridging Course in
Mathematics passed at 50% or over satisfies the
GCE AS level in a mathematical subject course
requirement for BSc CIS only (4= AS only)
TMC Computer School, Higher Diploma
in Computer Studies (BSc CIS only).
O A S G O A S G
l Slovakia Maturita. l
Maturitna Skuska. l
Slovenia Matura. l
Secondary School Leaving Diploma. l
South Africa Senior Certificate at Higher Grade, grades A–E. l
l Senior Certificate at Standard Grade, grades A–D. l
The South African National Diploma. l
Senior Certificate (with matriculation endorsement) l
and at least BBBCC at higher grade.
Southern African Institute of Chartered Secretaries l
l and Administrators, Associate Member.
Spain Curso de Orientación Universitaria (COU), provided l
l that an average mark of at least 6 is achieved.
Selectividad, provided that an average l
mark of at least 6 is achieved.
l
Bachillerato (LOGSE), provided that l
an average of 6 is obtained.
Enseñanzas de Bachillerato, provided that l
l
an overall average of B is obtained.
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon) Ordinary level General l
Certificate of Education credit and distinction only.
l Sri Lankan A level syllabus in Applied Mathematics l
or Pure Mathematics passed at grade C or above.
Sri Lankan A level syllabus in a mathematical subject 4
at ‘S’ level (for BSc CIS only) 4= AS level only
Passes in three approved subjects in the Sri l
Lankan A level Examination provided not less
than grade C is achieved in all three subjects. In
✔ addition, applicants must possess one GCE O
level pass at grade C or above, or the equivalent.
Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators, l
Associate and Graduate Members (by examination).
l Sweden Fullständigt Slutbetyg från Gymnasium. l
Switzerland Attestato de Maturita. l
l
Certificat de Maturité. l
l Maturitatzeugnis. l
Syria General Secondary Education Certificate, on l
a subject for subject basis (with the exception
✔ of English Language) provided that a mark
of 60% or more has been obtained.
Tanzania Advanced Certificate of Secondary l
Education – principal passes at Grades
A–D on a subject for subject basis.
✔ Certificate of Secondary Education (CSE)/ l
Tanzanian O Level, if passed with grades A-B.
Tunisia Baccalaureat, provided that a grade l
of at least Bien is achieved.
Uganda Certificate of Education of the Uganda l
l
National Examinations Council grades 1–4.
Advanced Certificate of Education of the Uganda l
l
National Examinations Board grade E.
l Advanced Certificate of Education of the Uganda l
National Examinations Board grades A–D.
United Scottish Certificate of Education l
Kingdom Standard grade: Grades 1, 2, 3.
l
Scottish Certificate of Sixth Year Studies (CSYS), l
or Advanced Higher, in combination with a
l Higher grade pass in the same subject.
Scottish Certificate of Education, provided l
✔ that passes in five approved subjects at the
Higher Level have been obtained with not less
than grade B in one of those subjects and not
less than grade C in the remaining four.
The following University of London
Intermediate Certificates:
✔
School of Oriental and African Studies l
Intermediate Certificate in Comparative
International Studies, provided that in every
case the compulsory module in Intensive
l English for Academic Study has been passed.

United UCL University Preparatory Certificate for Science
Kingdom and Engineering.
(continued)
The following University of London qualifications:
Diploma in Computing and Information
Systems for External students.
Diploma in Law for External students.
Diploma in English for External students.
Diploma in Geography for External students.
Diploma in Philosophy for External students.
Diploma in Theology for External students.
Diploma in Economics for External students.
Diploma in Economics for External students,
provided either Mathematics or Quantitative
methods has been passed (satisfies the GCE AS
level in a mathematical subject for the BSc in
Computing and Information Systems only).
Birkbeck College Faculty of Continuing Education
Certificate or Diploma (other than a Certificate of
Proficiency) provided that, in all cases except the
Extra-Mural Diploma in Economics, the candidate is at
least 21 years old at the time of making the application.
Goldsmiths College, Certificate in English
and Caribbean Studies (satisfies the entrance
requirements for the Diploma in English only).
King’s College, Preparatory Diploma in
English Language and Academic Studies.
Royal Holloway, University Foundation Programme.
The following awards of other
universities or organisations:
A Certificate or Diploma awarded by a recognised
institution of Higher Education in the UK after a
course of study of not less than two years full time.
A degree conferred either by a University
acceptable to the University of London or by
the Council for National Academic Awards.
A Diploma of Higher Education awarded by
either a University in the United Kingdom or
the Council for National Academic Awards.
An Access to HE Certificate awarded by an
Authorised Validating Agency (AVA) recognised
by the Quality Assurance Agency (QAA).
A Teacher’s Certificate gained in or after 1962 at a
College of Education in England or Wales, after a
three- year course of study, or gained in or after
1950 at a College of Education in Scotland or
Northern Ireland, after a three-year course of study.
Bellerbys College Foundation Business Programme,
passed overall and with a pass in Business
Mathematics, will satisfy the entrance requirements
and the mathematics course requirement for degrees
in Economics, Management, Finance and Social
Studies providing that at least 60% is awarded in
both Economics 1 and in Business Studies 1 together
with at least 55% in Business Studies 2, Economics 2
and Introduction to Financial Accounting (Accounts)
Applicants are also required to satisfy the University
requirement to demonstrate Proficiency in English.
University of Cambridge Local Examinations
Syndicate, Cambridge Diploma in Religious Studies.
Higher Introductory and Engineering Conversion
Course (HITECC), with a pass at Higher Level.
Northern Consortium UK International Foundation Year
(China syllabus) awarded in and after June 2004, satisfies
the General Entrance Requirements providing that at
least 200 IFY points have been obtained and that the
module English for Academic Purposes is passed with
at least grade C. In order to satisfy a requirement for
GCSE/O Level Mathematics at least one Mathematics
unit must be passed with grade C or better. Either the
Mathematics unit in the Science & Technology route,
if passed at grade C or better, or the Mathematics
unit in the Business and Management route, if passed
with grade B or better, will satisfy a requirement for AS
Mathematics for entry to BSc CIS. 4= AS level only
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 47
O A S G O A S G
l United Open University, two full credits gained by course l
Kingdom work and examination, one at Foundation Level and
(continued) one at a Higher Level (mature age candidates may
apply on the basis of one full credit at any Level).
l University of Wales College of Cardiff, l
Continuing Education Diplomas, provided
that the applicant is at least 21 years old at
l the time of making the application.
l University of Westminster (Polytechnic of l
Central London), Diploma in Magisterial Law,
l provided that the applicant is at least 21 years
old at the time of making the application.
l
The following awards of the Business and
l Technician Education Council (BTEC):
l Advanced General National Vocational Qualification l
(Advanced GNVQ), passed at Merit or Distinction.
l
BTEC Business awards, provided that the candidate l
has obtained a minimum of two Bs and a C in three
acceptable subjects in the final examinations.
Higher National Certificate or Higher l
National Diploma (HNC or HND).
l
National Certificate or National Diploma l
(NC or ND), provided that the candidate
has achieved passes at Merit level in at least
three full units in acceptable subjects.
l Ordinary National Certificate or Ordinary National l
Diploma (ONC or OND), provided that the average
performance in at least three of the subjects taken in
thefinal examination is 60% or better and that these
l subjects are considered acceptable by the University.
BTEC Technician awards, provided that passes l
l have been obtained in three full units in
acceptable subjects at Level III; at least two of the
passes must have been obtained with Merit.
The following professional qualifications:
l
Architectural Association Diploma. l
Barristers of England, Wales, Scotland l
and Northern Ireland.
l
British Institute of Management, Diploma in l
Management Practice, provided that candidates
with this qualification also hold the Open
l University Diploma in Management.
Central Council for Education and Training in l
Social Work (CCETSW); Certificate of Qualification
l in Social Work; Diploma in Social Work.
Chartered Association of Certified l
Accountants, Associate Member.
l
Chartered Institute of Bankers, Associate Member. l
Chartered Institute of Building, l
Membership examination Part II.
Chartered Institute of Management l
l Accountants, Associate Member.
Chartered Institute of Marketing Professional l
Diploma or Professional Postgraduate Diploma.
Chartered Institute of Public Finance l
and Accountancy, Member.
Chartered Institute of Transport, l
Corporate Member (FCIT or MCIT).
Chartered Insurance Institute, Associate Member. l
l City and Guilds of London Institute, l
Graduateship, Membership and Fellowship.
l College of Preceptors, Licentiate or Fellowship l
awarded by having passed all final examinations.
l 4 l College of Radiographers, Diploma (DCR). l
Incorporated Association of Architects and l
Surveyors, Membership, having passed
intermediate and final examinations.
Institute of Actuaries, Associate Member. l
Institute of Administrative Management, l
Diploma in Administrative Management
(prior to 1995) and the Advanced Diploma in
Administrative Management (in and after 1995).
Institute of Bankers, Ireland, Associate Member. l
Institute of Bankers, Scotland, Associate Member. l
48 Undergraduate study in Laws

O A S G O A S G

United Institute of Chartered Accountants in l West Indies Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examination l
Kingdom England and Wales, Associate Member. (continued) Diploma (CAPE) – Full award of six units
(continued) including two double-unit courses.
Institute of Chartered Accountants, l
Ireland, Associate Member. Bahamian General Certificate of l
Education, Ordinary levels.
Institute of Chartered Accountants, l
Scotland, Member. Bahamian General Certificate of l
Education, Advanced levels.
Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators, l
Associate and Graduate Member and Fellow. Bahamas Bar Association, Membership, l
having passed all final examinations.
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Members and l
Fellows, having passed the qualifying examinations. Barbados Community College: Certificate in l
Para Legal Studies, provided that at least two
Institute of Credit Management, Member, l subjects are passed at grade B or above.
having passed the final examinations.
Barbados Community College, Associate degrees. l
Institute of Health Service Management l
(formally Institute of National Health Bermuda College, Associate degrees. l
Administration), Associate Member.
A diploma awarded by the College of l
Institute of Housing, Corporate Member. l Arts, Science and Technology, Jamaica
after a three year full time course.
Institute of Legal Executives, Member, l
having passed the Level 6 Professional College of the Bahamas: Associate degrees l
Higher Diploma in Law (previously known (although grades may be taken into account).
as the Part II and Level 4 examinations).
University of Technology, Jamaica: l
Institute of Management Information Systems l diplomas provided they are at least two
(formerly IDPM), Higher Diploma (satisfies the years full time or four years part time.
entrance requirements for BSc CIS only).

Institute of Personnel Management, l

Graduate Member.

Institute of Statisticians, Graduate Diploma. l

Institute of Electrical, Mechanical and Civil l

Engineers, Associate and Graduate Members.

Library Association, Chartered

Member (Associate or Fellow).
Licensed Conveyancer, provided that all three
examination stages have been passed.
Ministers of Religion trained in the UK (Anglican,
Baptist, Methodist, Roman Catholic, United Reform).
NCC Education International Diploma in Computer
Studies (IDCS) (satisfies the entrance requirements for
the Diploma in Computing and Information Systems,
excluding the English language requirement).
NCC Education, International Advanced
Diploma in Computer Studies (IADCS) (satisfies
the entrance requirement for BSc CIS only).
The qualifications are listed by country and
l
in accordance with the following key:
l
O is equivalent to GCSE/GCE O level
l
A (or AS) is equivalent to GCE A/AS level
l S satisfies the entrance requirements
for the degree/diploma named
G satisfies the general entrance
l requirements as a whole

Pensions Management Institute, Associateship. l

Royal Institute of British Architects, l

Corporate Member.

Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, l

Professional Associate.

Royal Pharmaceutical Society, Member. l

Society of Engineers, Corporate Member. l

Solicitors of England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. l

USA Advanced Placement (AP) Examinations of l

the American College Board, provided that at
least two full subjects are passed at grades 3,
4 or 5 (with the exception of Studio Art).

AP International Diploma. l

West Africa West African Ordinary level General l

Certificate of Education (grades 1–6).

Ghana Senior School Certificate (grades A, B and C). l

West African Higher School Certificate. l

West African Advanced level General l

Certificate [Note: a pass at grades A–C in the
General Paper is recognised as equivalent
to a grade C at GCSE/GCE O level].

West Indies Caribbean Secondary Education Certificate l

(Grades I and II at General Proficiency level
only, up to and including January 1998).

Caribbean Secondary Education Certificate l

(Grades I and II and III at General Proficiency
level only, in and after June 1998).

Tests of proficiency in English
The following qualifications
are equated with GCSE/GCE ‘O’
Level English Language grade
C for the purposes of satisfying
the entrance requirements.
n Cambridge Certificate of
Proficiency in English
n Cambridge English Language
1119 (at grade 6 or better)
conducted overseas by the
University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate.
n Hong Kong Examination
Authority Advanced level Use
of English (grade C or better).
n Hong Kong Certificate of Education
English Language (Syllabus
B) (at grade C or better).
The qualifications below are not
acceptable as equivalent to GCSE/
GCE ‘O’ Level (grade C) English
Language but they are considered
acceptable evidence of proficiency
in English provided they have been
awarded within the past three years.
n Advanced Placement
International English Language
Examination (APIEL), when a
score of 4 or 5 is achieved.
n Associated Examining Board (AEB)
Test in English for Educational
Purposes (TEEP) (when
‘Proficiency’ level (4) is achieved
in each of the listening, reading
and writing components).
n Cambridge Certificate of
Advanced English.
n City & Guilds International
ESOL 8984 Mastery award.
n Hong Kong Examinations
Authority AS ‘Use of English’.
n International English Language
Testing System (IELTS) when
an overall score of at least 6
is achieved with a minimum
of 5.5 in each sub-test.
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 49
n Hong Kong Certificate of Education
Examination (HKCEE) English
Language section from 2007
performance levels 5*, 5, 4 or 3.
n International General Certificate
of Education (IGCSE): English
as a Second Language, passed
at grade B or above.
n NEAB (formerly JMB) University
Entrance Test in English for
Speakers of Other Languages.
n School of Oriental and African
Studies (SOAS) Diploma in
English for Academic Purposes
(passed at grade A or B).
n International General Certificate n Test in English as a Foreign Language
of Secondary Education (IGCSE): (TOEFL) with a score of 580 (or 237
English as a Second Language on the computerised test) plus the
passed at grade C or above. Test of Written English (TWE) with
n Malaysian Certificate of Education/ a score of 4.5 (or a Writing Rating
Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia English of 4.5 in the computerised test).
Language Communicational n iBT Test of English as a Foreign
(122 or 322) grade 6 or better. Language (iBT TOEFL) score of
n Oxford Delegacy’s Higher Level 92 in total with at least 22 in
Examination in English as a Foreign both Reading and Writing Skills
Language when taken with the sub-tests and at least 20 in both
ARELS examination in spoken Speaking and Listening sub-tests.
English (a pass with credit or n University of Cambridge Local
above must be achieved in the Examinations Syndicate (UCLES)
Oxford examination and a Good Business English Certificate
Pass or better in the ARELS test). Level 3 only (BEC 3 award).
n Oxford International Business
English Certificate (OIBEC).
n School of Oriental and African
Studies (SOAS) Diploma in
English for Academic Purposes
(passed at grade C).
n A diploma awarded by any of the
polytechnics in Singapore. (This
satisfies the English language
requirement for the degrees in
Economics, Management, Finance
and the Social Sciences and the
Access route to these degrees only).
50 Undergraduate study in Laws
Fees and contacts
Fees payable to the University
2008/9 2009/10
LLB and Diploma in the Common Law fees in both the public and private sector
Application handling fee £56 £60
(non-refundable)
Credit transfer/exemption £30 £33
application fee (per paper)
Full year's transfer fee £120 £129
(120 credits)
Registration fee £697 £746
Registration supplement – £25
Tort, Land, Trusts, Company (per subject)
for supply of textbook
Continuing registration fee £285 £305
Examination fee £477 £511
(per Part or Year)
Final examination £661 £708
(Graduate Entry Route A)
Laws Skills Pathway 1 £220 £236
(Dissertation option)
Laws Skills Pathway 2 £150 £161
(Research project)
Diploma in Law fees
Registration fee £697 £746
Continuing registration fee £285 £305
Examination fee £477 £511
(three or four papers)
Examination fee (two papers) £307 £329
Examination fee (one paper) £191 £205
Note: The above fees are those paid to the University and
do not include fees charged by the teaching institution.
Occasional student fees
Application handling fee £56 £60
Registration fee £298 £319
Continuing registration fee £145 £156
Examination fee (each subject) £184 £197
Please note: the University reserves the right to
amend previously announced fees, if necessary.
Fees are usually increased in line with inflation each
year on 1 September. The fees shown above for
2009-2010 are applicable from 1 September 2009 .
All fees must be paid in pounds sterling, which may be
paid either by a credit card recognised by Mastercard
International or by the Visa group OR by banker’s
draft, cheque or UK postal order, made payable to
‘The University of London’ and crossed ‘a/c payee’.
Note: the credit transfer fee cannot be refunded, even
if we are unable to award you any exemptions.
Financial assistance
No financial assistance is available
from the University. Some employers
may be willing to consider offering
financial assistance to their employees.
Students who are resident in the UK
may be able to apply for a Part-time
Student Grant or a Career Development
Loan. Information can be obtained from
the Department of Education and Skills
(DIUS) Information Line on 0800 731 9133
or from their website:
www.dfes.gov.uk/studentsupport
(for Part-time Student Grants),
and the CDL Information Line on
0800 585 505 or from their website:
www.direct.gov.uk/adultlearning
Special needs
Students with special needs who are
resident in the UK may also be able to
apply for a Disabled Student Allowance
(DSA). For a copy of the information
leaflet (which answers most of the
questions commonly asked about
DSAs) please contact either your
LEA or the DIUS Information Line
on 0800 731 9133 or on textphone
0800 210 280. This information is also
available on audio tape or in braille. The
guide is available on the DIUS website:
www.dfes.gov.uk/studentsupport
Armed forces
Students who are members of the
UK Armed Forces should note that
the University of London has been
approved by the Ministry of Defence
in support of the Enhanced Learning
Credits (ELC) Scheme (ELC Provider
Reference Number 1284). The Scheme
provides financial support to eligible
Service personnel who wish to
Other costs
Besides the fees payable to the University, you should also budget for the cost of:
n purchasing textbooks (this may well be in the region of £200 per year)
n the cost of any course or tuition you choose to take or
(for the Diploma in Law) are required to take
n the fee levied by your local examination centre to cover their costs.
enhance their educational or vocational
achievements. The ELC Administration
Service website can be found at:
www.enhancedlearningcredits.co.uk
The Prisoners’ Education Trust
Students who are in prison in the UK
may be able to obtain a grant to assist
with funding. For information please
write to: The Prisoners’ Education
Trust, Wandle House, Riverside
Drive, Mitcham, Surrey CR4 4BU.
Personal callers
If you are in London at any time
you would be most welcome to
visit our offices. Most of our offices
are open between 9.00am and
5.30pm, Monday to Friday, but you
are advised to telephone first to make
an appointment to ensure that the
person you want to see is available.
Other questions
If you have any questions that are
not answered by this prospectus or
you would like information about
any of the other qualifications
listed on the back cover of this
prospectus, please contact:
The Information Centre
University of London
Stewart House
32 Russell Square
London WC1B 5DN
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0)20 7862 8360/ 8361/ 8362
Fax: +44 (0)20 7862 8358
Email: enquiries@london.ac.uk
www.londonexternal.ac.uk
Please give your full postal
address when contacting
the Information Centre.

LLB Scheme A
Examples of fees
payable to the The following example is based on a
University student who completes in the minimum
These examples use the three-year study period, without resits.
fees given for 2009-2010 First year
and do not reflect year- Application handling fee £60
on-year increases. Please Initial registration fee £746
see the previous page Examination fee £511
for a full list of fees.
Second year
Continuing registration fee £305
Examination fee £511
Third year
Continuing registration fee £305
Examination fee £511
TOTAL £2,949
LLB Scheme B
The following example is based on a
student who completes in the minimum
four-year study period, without resits.
First year
Application handling fee £60
Initial registration fee £746
Examination fee £511
Second year
Continuing registration fee £305
Examination fee £511
Third year
Continuing registration fee £305
Examination fee £511
Fourth year
Continuing registration fee £305
Examination fee £511
TOTAL £3,765
Graduate Entry Route A
The following example is based on a
student who completes in the minimum
two-year study period, without resits.
First year
Application handling fee £60
Initial registration fee £746
Examination fee £511
Second year
Continuing registration fee £305
Final examination fee £708
TOTAL £2,330
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 51
Graduate Entry Route B
The following example is based on a
student who completes in the minimum
three-year study period, without resits.
First year
Application handling fee £60
Initial registration fee £746
Examination fee £511
Second year
Continuing registration fee £305
Examination fee £511
Third year
Continuing registration fee £305
Examination fee £511
TOTAL £2,949
Diploma in Law
The following example is based on a
student who completes in the minimum
one-year study period, without resits.
First year
Initial registration fee £746
Examination fee £511
TOTAL £1,257
Please note: Diploma students must apply and pay
tuition fees to the Diploma-teaching institution.
Diploma in the Common Law
The following example is based on a
student who completes in the minimum
one-year study period, without resits:
First year
Application handling fee £60
Initial registration fee £746
Examination fee £511
TOTAL £1,317
52 Undergraduate study in Laws

Information for students with a

disability and/or special needs
The University has a panel that considers applications
from students for special examination arrangements.

The aim of the panel is to Special Examinations

ensure that a student with a Services Department
disability is neither advantaged The External System
nor disadvantaged when University of London
compared with other students. Stewart House
If you have a disability and 32 Russell Square
may need special examination London WC1B 5DN
arrangements (such as extra United Kingdom
time or special aids), you Fax: +44 (0)20 7862 8349
should complete the relevant Email: specialneeds@london.ac.uk
section of the application
form or write to the Special You can request a copy of the University
Examinations Services of London’s full disability statement. Please
Department at the address refer to the Admissions contact details on
opposite enclosing medical or page 34, or download it from our website:
other supporting evidence: www.londonexternal.ac.uk/dissn

While every effort has been made to ensure that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate at the date of publication (April 2009), all matters that it covers may be subject
to change from time to time, both before and after a student has registered. In particular, information about the structure and content of programmes is subject to confirmation in the
Regulations and registered students should refer to these. All fees are subject to annual review. The University does not intend by publication or distribution of this prospectus to create any
contractual or other legal relation with applicants, registered students, their advisers or any other persons. You are strongly advised to check our website (www.londonexternal.ac.uk) for
any revisions to this prospectus. The University makes no distinction between awards gained by on-campus students in London and External graduates. However, we advise you to check
local recognition criteria in your own country before applying for any qualification listed in this prospectus. This prospectus is issued free by the External System, University of London.
Published by: University of London. Copyright © University of London, 2009.
www.londonexternal.ac.uk/llb 53
All programmes offered through the External System are designed by academics at the University of London’s
constituent Colleges. Assessment is the responsibility of academics at these Colleges. Currently these include:
Birkbeck, Goldsmiths, Heythrop College, Institute of Education, King’s College London, The London School of
Economics and Political Science (LSE), London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Queen Mary, Royal Holloway,
Royal Veterinary College, School of Oriental and African Studies, and UCL (University College London).

We offer more than 100 degrees, diplomas and certificates in the following subject areas:

n Accounting n Earth Sciences n Health n Law

n Agriculture n Economics n Humanities n Management
n Business n Education n Information Systems n Social Sciences
n Computing n Environment n Languages n Veterinary Science
n Development n Finance

For further information on the range of programmes

we offer, please visit our website or contact us at:
The Information Centre, University of London, Stewart House,
32 Russell Square, London WC1B 5DN United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0)20 7862 8360/1/2
Fax: +44 (0)20 7862 8358
Email: enquiries@london.ac.uk

www.londonexternal.ac.uk