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Adjective Clause dinamakan juga RELATIVE CLAUSE yaitu Clause (anak kalimat) yang
digunakan/berfungsi sebagai adjective yang menerangkan keadaan noun atau pronoun. Untuk
lebih jelasnya penjelasan mengenai Adjective Clause, perhatikan penjelasan di bawah ini:
Contoh:
Anak kalimat menerangkan kata benda the book, disebut dengan Adjective Clause.
Berdasarkan pada the Antecedent (bagian kalimat yg mendahului kata ganti) yang ditunjuk oleh
introductory words (kata-kata pendahulunya), Adjective Clause dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi 2
macam, yaitu:
1. Relative Pronoun
Fungsi :
a. Subjek:
- He paid the money to the man who / that had done the work
Benda, Binatang
Fungsi:
a. Subjek:
- She was wearing the coat for which she had paid $2,00.
2. Relative Adverbs
Waktu
Tempat
Alasan
_________________________
1. Relative Pronoun
2. Relative Adverb
Pelajaran tentang ini dibahas lebih lengkap pada Relative Clause. Hal-hal yang perlu
ditambahkan di sini, yaitu:
Kata Why (yang menunjukkan alasan) yang menjadi Adverb penghubung, mungkin
(kadang-kadang) dapat digantikan dengan that atau kadang-kadang dapat dihilangkan
dalam kalimat.
When atau Where Bering dapat Baling ditukarkan dengan Preposition yang menunjukkan
tempat (a preposition of Place) ditambah dengan Which.
- The small town in which (= where) I was born has grown to a large metropolis.
- The day on which (= when) they were to leave finally arrived.
Kadang-kadang that dapat menggantikan where atau when.
The day that (or when, on which) the trial was to take place was a stormy one.
Please suggest a good place that (or where) we can meet
a. Adjective Clause
b. Adjective Phrase
* Adjective Clause: The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
* Adjective Phrase: The ideas presented in that book are interesting.
* Adjective Clause: Ali is the man who is responsible for preparing the budget.
* Adjective Phrase: Ali is the man responsible for preparing the budget.
* Adjective Clause: The books that are on the shelf are mine.
* Adjective Phrase: The books on the shelf are mine.
(2) Jika tidak ada verb be dalam Adjective Clause, seringkali subjek pronoun dapat
dihilangkan dan mengubah kata kerja dalam Clause itu menjadi bentuk -ing.
Seringkali Adjective Clause digunakan dalam pola: noun + of which. Pola ini terutama
digunakan untuk tulisan bahasa Inggris resmi (formal written English). Dalam pola ini
biasanya Adjective Clause menerangkan “sesuatu”.
Ungkapan kuantitas dengan “of” antara lain: some of, none of, both of, one of, many of,
two of, all of, each of, most of, dll.
* There are 20 students in my class. Most of them are from the Outside Java.
–> There are 20 students in my class, most of whom are from the Outside Java.
Keterangan:
Contoh pertama menggambarkan bahwa Henry memiliki lebih dari 1 istri. Pada kalimat
tersebut pembicara ingin mengindentifikasikan istrinya yang bekerja di Bank, bukan yang
lainnya.
Sedangkan pada kalimat kedua, kita sudah jelas, kalau Alex memiliki hanya 1 orang istri.
Frase yang berada di antara koma hanya memberikan keterangan tambahan saja. Tanpa
frase tersebut pun orang lain sudah mengetahuinya kalau istrinya Alex memang bekerja
di sebuah Bank karena memang istrinya cuma 1 itu.
Perhatikan contoh berikut ini untuk lebih jelasnya dalam penggunaan tanda koma dalam
Adjective Clause.
Karena adanya kesamaan dalam beberapa kata pendahulunya, maka kadang-kadang antara Noun
Clause dan Adjective Clause sering membingungkan.
Ada 2 macam perbedaan yang penting antara dua jenis Clause tersebut: perhatikan contoh
berikut ini:
Adjective Clause biasanya didahului oleh noun atau pronoun yang diterangkan.
Adjective Clause
(where he lives mempunyai antecedent the house, yang merupakan objek dari kata know)
Noun Clause
Preposisi yang mendahului introductory word adalah milik Adjective Clause dan bukan milik
Noun Clause.
Adjective Clause
The woman to whom he has been giving money is a poor relative of his.
(Adjective Clause dimulai dengan to yang merupakan bentuk a prepositional phrase dengan
whom dalam Adjective Clause itu. Dan To dapat diletakkan di bagian belakang Adjective
Clause. The woman, whom he has been giving money to, is a poor relative of his).
Noun Clause
(The Noun Clause dimulai dengan whoever, seluruh Noun Clause itu adalah objek dari to, yang
tidak dapat dipindah letaknya. Dan juga -ever- merupakan bentuk yang hanya bergandeng
(mengikuti) dengan Noun Clause.
1. The theft was committed last night. The police has caught the man.
2. The French language is different from the Latin language. Latin was once spoken throughout
Europe.
4. He had several plans for making money quickly. All of them have failed.
5. The landlord was proud of his strength. He despised the weakness of his tenants.
9. A fox once met a crane. The fox had never seen a crane before.
10. The shop keeper keeps his money in a wooden case. This is the wooden case.
Answers
1. The police has caught the man who committed the theft last night.
2. The French language is different from the Latin language which was once spoken
throughout Europe.
3. Can you tell me the reason why you are looking upset.
4. All the plans which he had for making money quickly have failed.
5. The landlord who was proud of his strength despised the weakness of his tenants.
9. A fox which had never seen a crane before once met a crane.
10. This is the wooden case where the shopkeeper keeps his money.
Read the two sentences and then complete each adjective clause below with the correct word(s):
who(m) we spoke to
who spoke
who(m) we smiled at
who smiled at us
3. The old lady waved at us. She was crossing the street.
The old lady __________________ was crossing the street.
who waved at us
who(m) we waved at
that he laughed
that he laughed at
who(m) I spoke