EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS

1. A method of extracting oil from seeds comprising the steps of:

A. Providing an impervious first surface;

B. Providing walls extending from the first surface forming a cavity;

C .Forming a path from inside the cavity to the outside of the cavity, the path being
formed between the walls and the first surface;

D. Placing a plurality of seeds within the cavity;

E. Placing a plunger having an actuator operatively connected to the plunger over the
seeds within the cavity;

F.Providing a resilient member between the actuator and the plunger; and

G. Actuating the actuator to apply a force to the plunger to crush the seeds between
the plunger and the first surface forcing extracted oil from the seeds to exit the cavity
through the path.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the walls are comprised of a cylindrical tube and
wherein the first surface has a rounded shape and an edge along the periphery of the first
surface.

3. The method of claim 2 further comprising the step of forming a gap between the edge
of the first surface and the cylindrical tube.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the path is comprised of a notch formed in the first
surface.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the resilient material is comprised of rubber.

6. A method of extracting oil from seeds comprising the steps of:

• Providing a first surface;

• Providing walls extending from the first surface forming a cavity;
• Forming a path from inside the cavity to the outside of the cavity;
• Placing a plurality of seeds within the cavity;
• Placing a plunger over the seeds within the cavity; and
• Providing an actuator operatively coupled to the plunger;
• Providing a resilient material between the actuator and the plunger;
• Actuating the actuator to apply a force to the plunger to crush the seeds between
the plunger and the first surface forcing extracted oil from the seeds to exit the
cavity through the path.
How to Extract Essential Oil Using Acetone

Making you own essential oils is possible and relatively simple, though the right solvent
and procedure to extract the oils is necessary for a successful batch. While it may take
practice to get the exact quality of essential oil that you want, the method is straight-
forward and moderately forgiving. Learn what you need to do here and now to become an
expert laboratory technician of oil extraction.

PROCEDURES

Things to be used:

• Acetone (available at your local pharmacy)

• 2 medium-sized clean bowls
• Potato masher (or similar implement to mash plant matter)
• Cheese cloth (to strain liquid)
• Rubber tube siphon

1. 1

Put the plant matter in a bowl and mash it up. Plants such as basil, thyme,
lavender, even the peel off a lemon can be used. Place about five of the same
plant tops and stems with their leaves (if appropriate) into a bowl. Mash them so
that every stem and leaf has a cut opening to its inside juice. The overall
effectiveness of your finished product can be guaranteed by the consistent and
thorough pulverizing of your plant matter.

2. 2

Pour the acetone solvent in the bowl containing the plant mash. Be sure that all
parts of the plant mash are completely covered by the Acetone.

3. 3

Store your bowl of "solution" in a well-ventilated, cool place---preferably outside.

While it is important that your solution stays cool to do its magic, be certain it is
also sheltered from direct sunlight, flying insects and other such typical outside
irk. A screened porch can be the perfect solution for your solution. Wait 1 week.

4. 4

Filter the mash after the week waiting period. Take the cheesecloth and cover the
opening of the bowl with it. Gently separate the plant matter from the liquid by
pouring the liquid substance into another bowl. You should have two liquids now,
one on top of the other.
5. 5

Your very own essential oil.

Draw off the top liquid oil using the rubber tube siphon. This top oil is the
essential oil. You may even siphon off the bottom half of the two-tone liquid---
which is the left-over water and whatever impurities that were present in the
solution during its process time.
How to Extract Essential Oils

Essential oil is a general term used to define a large variety of aromatic products like
essence oils, resinoids, concretes, absolutes etc. The main aim of any of the extraction
processes is to obtain the oils from the aromatic essence molecules of a particular
plant. These molecules are present in different parts of each plant. Lavender oil is
extracted from the lavender flower, orange is extracted from the rinds of the fruit,
cinnamon from the bark of the tree, pine from the needles of the pine tree and so on.
Therefore, to extract essential oils, a certain part of the plant is required.

Methods to Extract Essential Oil

Steam Distillation Process

This is the most popular, and at the same time, the oldest method to extract essential
oils. It is believed that this method of essential oil extraction started as early as the 8th
century. The reason behind the popularity of this method is that many people opine
that this method helps to extract the most superior quality of essential oils. This
method can be used to extract oil from roots, stems, seeds, leaves, and flowers.
Essential oils for aromatherapy are extracted with the help of this method.

For this method, two large containers are required. The first container holds steamed
water and the raw material from which the oil has to be extracted. This is then heated
at a low pressure. Due to the simmering heat, the essential oils are released into the
water and change into vapor. The extracted oil is then passed on to the second
container through a vent. The cold water present in the second container converts the
vapor of the essential oil into liquid. Then the mixture of oil and water is made to pass
through an alembic so that the oil separates from water. Apart from the oils, you also
get some other by-product at the end of this process. Rose water, orange water, and
lavender water is obtained after the floral distillation process.

Effleurage Process
This method is highly expensive and is used to extract essential oils from those
flowers that are delicate in nature like rose, jasmine, violet, etc. Here, a thick layer of
vegetable oil is applied on a glass sheet which is then placed on a wooden rack. Then
the flower petals are kept on the glass and the glass is placed under the sun. Due to
the heat of the sun, the essential oil of the flowers gets extracted and mixes with the
vegetable oil. Once the vegetable oil gets saturated with the essential oil of the flower,
the mixture is dissolved in alcohol and left untouched. When the alcohol evaporates,
the essential oil is obtained in its purest form. Sometimes, animal fat is also used in
place of vegetable oil.

Solvent Extraction Process

This is another method which is good for extracting oil from delicate flowers. For this
process, hydrocarbon solvents like petroleum ether are used. A metallic tray with
perforations is used, on which the flower petals are kept. Then the solvent is sprayed
on them, which gets absorbed by the petals. As a result, the essence of the flower gets
released. Then alcohol is added to the concentrated essence. When the alcohol dries
up, the fatty substances are removed and the essential oil is left behind.

Maceration Process
This method is used not only for extraction of essential oils, but also to create resins.
It is very similar to the enfleurage process. Here, the raw materials are soaked in
vegetable oil which is then heated artificially to extort the oils from them. Then the
vegetable oil is strained to get the essential oil. Essential oils extracted in this way are
often used for body massages. When instead of oil, other solvents like water or
alcohol are used for soaking the plant matter, then a thick extract or resinous
substance is obtained at the end of the process.

The quality of essential oil mainly depends on the method used to extract it. It also
largely depends on the quality and quantity of the raw materials used to extract
essential oils. Good quality raw material can be obtained if the soil is good and the
plant is grown in a geographic location where the climatic condition is suitable for the
plant.
 METHODS OF EXTRACTING ESSENTIAL OILS
Hydrodistillation

This method of distillation is the most ancient and is still used in most backward
countries. In this method of extraction, the plants are fully submerged in water, till a soup
is formed. This soup is then heated and the resultant steam contains the aromatic plant
molecules. This method runs the risk of burning the essential oils by the still running dry
or getting overheated. The resulting EO may have an offensive burnt smell.
Hydrodistillation should be used for powders and on very tough materials like roots,
wood, or nuts.

Distillation

This is the most commonly used method for producing majority of the true essential oils.
The processes might differ but the basic principle is that steam produced by heating water
carries the most volatile chemicals of the aromatic material with it. A condenser is used
to chill the steam and the resultant distillate is collected. The essential oil, in most of the
cases, will be found floating on top of the distilled water component (the hydrosol) and
can be separated easily.

Steam Distillation

True Steam distillation involves the use of an outside source of steam. This steam is
piped into the distillation unit, sometimes at high pressure. The steam passes through the
aromatic material, carrying the most volatile chemicals of the aromatic material with it
and exits into the condenser.

Water & steam distillation

This method is best for distilling leafy materials, but doesn't work well for tough
materials like woods, roots, nuts, etc. In a water and steam distillation arrangement, the
botanicals are supported in a basket kept over boiling water. This ensures that the plant
material is exposed only to the rising steam vapors.

Solvent Extraction

Certain aromatics like Linden Blossom , Jasmine, etc. ,being very delicate, can not be
extracted through the process of distillation. A process of solvent extraction must be used
to capture their essence.

Perforated trays of blossoms are loaded onto an extracting unit and washed repeatedly
with an appropriate solvent. Non-aromatic waxes, pigments, highly volatile aromatic
molecules etc., which comprise the extractable matter from the plant is dissolved by the
solvent. This resulting solution, which contains the solvent and dissolvable plant material,
is then filtered. The filterate is then subjected to low pressure distillation and the solvent
is recovered for further use. What remains is a waxy mass called the concrete containing
the volatile oil.

The waxy material is removed by processing the concentrated concretes, and the dilute
form of the pure essential oil is formed. To prepare the absolute from the concrete, the
waxy concrete is warmed and stirred with an appropriate alcohol. During this process the
concrete breaks up into minute globules. An efficient separation of the aromatic
molecules and the wax takes place since the former is relatively more soluble in alcohol
than wax. Although, during this process, certain amount of wax also becomes dissolved
this can be removed by agitating and freezing the solution at very low temperatures
resulting in the wax precipitating out. The absolute or the wax-free material is finally
extracted by subjecting the purified solution to cold filtration.

This solvent extraction actually yields three usable products; the concrete, the absolutes
and the floral waxes. These floral waxes can be added to candles, thickening creams and
lotions to provide a floral scented alternative to beeswax.
Importance of the study

This study aims to determine the herbal use of the different prts of the plant.

The Artocarpus heterophylla is known to have medicinal property and it can be use use
as alternative wound healing process in an effective and affordable way.

The result of expirement wills benefits to the following:

Department of health-this research supported the program which was to provide

affordable to all Filipino and in support to DOH Memorandum circular no.39 S.2003
stating that medicinal plants should be included in the annual procurement plants.

Clients-this study will give additional information with the use of this plant as an herbal
medicine for wound healing. For cost containmemt measure.

Community-it encourages the use of herbal plants for wound healing.

Health Care Provider-

UCC Administration and college of Nursing-the study shows the importance of research
in promoting new knowledge and the development of herbal medicines.

Researcher-our study broadens our knowledge and give additional information to us

about the use of this plant for wound healing