General Presentation

Report
Topic: Holography
PRESENTED BY:- Taran preet kaur

Submitted by-
Submitted to-
Alka
Ms. Madhuri Sharma
10805735
B2801A05
Holography
Holography is a technique that allows the light scattered from an object to be
recorded and later reconstructed so that it appears as if the object is in the same
position relative to the recording medium as it was when recorded. The image
changes as the position and orientation of the viewing system changes in exactly the
same way as if the object were still present, thus making the recorded image which
is known as hologram, to appear three dimensional.

Holography can also be used to optically store, retrieve, and process information.
While it has been possible to create a 3-D holographic picture of a static object since
the 1960s, it is only in the last few years that arbitrary scenes or videos can be
shown on a holographic volumetric display.
Working of a Hologram

Its basic components are:

• A laser: Red lasers, usually helium-neon (HeNe) lasers, are

common in holography. Some home holography experiments rely on the
diodes from red laser pointers, but the light from a laser pointer tends to be
less coherent and less stable, which can make it hard to get a good image.
Some types of holograms use lasers that produce different colors of light as
well. Depending on the type of laser you're using, you may also need
a shutter to control the exposure.
• Lenses: Holography is often referred to as "lensless photography,"
but holography does require lenses. However, a camera's lens focuses
light, while the lenses used in holography cause the beam to spread out.

• A beam splitter: This is a device that uses mirrors and prisms to

split one beam of light into two beams.

• Mirrors: These direct the beams of light to the correct locations.

Along with the lenses and beam splitter, the mirrors have to be absolutely
clean. Dirt and smudges can degrade the final image.

• Holographic film: Holographic film can record light at a very high

resolution, which is necessary for creating a hologram. It's a layer of light-
sensitive compounds on a transparent surface, like photographic film. The
difference between holographic and photographic film is that holographic
film has to be able to record very small changes in light that take place over
microscopic distances. In other words, it needs to have a very fine grain. In
some cases, holograms that use a red laser rely on emulsions that respond
most strongly to red light.
Types of Holograms

1) Transmission holograms

. A transmission hologram is formed when the light from the object and the
reference beam enter the recording material from the same side.

2) Reflection holograms

Reflection holograms are those holograms which are viewed with the light source
on the same side as the viewer. This is a reflected light as the light is reflected off
the hologram. This hologram is the most common type shown in galleries.

3) Integral holograms

Integral hologram is a type of transmission or reflection hologram. This type of a

hologram is made from a series of photographs of an object. These are usually
transparencies.

4 )Rainbow holograms

The rainbow holograms are very practical holograms displaying three-

dimensional images because the images are reconstructed by white light. The
rainbow hologram is a transfer transmission holograms
Properties of holograms

1) Three-Dimensional Image

2) Every part of a hologram contains the image of the whole object.

3) Scaling Holographic Images

4) Holographic Memory can store large amounts of information in a small

space.

Applications

1) Data storage
2) Security

3) Art

4) Hobbyist use

Conclusion

Holography is basically a technique of creating holograms which are 3-

dimentional in nature. Holography is an advanced form of photography as
photography is done in 2-D whereas holography deals with 3-D images.

Holography has many advantages over conventional photography.

Holography uses laser techniques and its capacity to store data is very large
as compared to photography. Holography can be very efficiently used in many
fields like arts, movie making and mainly for security purposes.