Homework Title / No.

: _____1________
Course Code : ___CAP324_(S.E.)___

Course Instructor : Mr. RAJEEV KANDAY

Course Tutor (if applicable) : ___

Date of Allotment : _____18-jan-2010_____

Date of submission : ___26-jan-2010__

Student’s Roll No.________B55_______

Section No. : _________D3002______

Declaration:
I declare that this assignment is my individual work. I have not copied
from any other student’s work or from any other source except where
due acknowledgment is made explicitly in the text, nor has any part been
written for me by another person.
Student’s Signature :
DUSHYANT SINGH

Evaluator’s comments:
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Content of Homework should start from this page only:
 PART : A

Q.1. Discuss the use of metrics in software engineering.

Answer: At high maturity organizations, metrics is expected to play a key role. Though
metrics data is collected, and even used at each level, metrics are expected to play a key
role in overall process management as well as in managing the process of a project.
The aim of this study is to see how similar are the metrics programs of high maturity
organizations, and the nature of the similarities, with the hope that this information can
help other organizations in building or improving their own metrics program and in their
quest for high maturity.

In a software organization, there are three main uses of metrics data:

1. for project planning,
2. for monitoring and controlling a project, and
3. for overall process management and improvement.

To support these uses, some metrics infrastructure is needed. These four areas form the
core of this study.
The study found that most of the organizations studied collect similar data that focused
on effort, defect, size, and schedule. Most organizations have a process database that
maintains metrics data for completed projects. Capability of the process is determined
from the past data.
For planning, past metrics data is used for effort and schedule estimation, though it has
also been used for setting quantitative quality goals. For monitoring a project, all
organizations have a regular metrics analysis that focuses on estimated vs. actual of the
parameters that have been estimated in the project plan. Many organizations have
enhanced it by statistical process control techniques to smaller tasks like reviews, unit
testing, etc.
For overall process management, most organizations analyze past data to see the trends in
different parameters. Some also use it to set organization goals for improvement.
Different types of improvements have been observed by these organizations.
Improvements were observed in terms of reduction in delivered defect density, improved
productivity, reduction in defect injection rates, reduction in effort overruns, etc.

Types of project matrices:

1) Process metrics: measures the process.
2) Product metrics: measures the product.
Q.2. Is there ever a case when the generic phases of software engineering
process don’t apply? If so, describe it.
Answer:
Yes there is situation when the generic phase doesn’t apply
1. At student level:
Software are too small and there is no need to apply all the generic phases of
software development process.

2. The support phase is applied differently for embedded software.

In most cases, embedded software is defined and developed, but once it is placed
in its host environment, it is not likely to change until a new release of the product
occurs.
Or:
Very small groups/individuals, Open source teams

3. Already developed same sort of software

4. Or we already have generic phase of software with same criteria

Q.3.Which is more important – the product or the process?

Answer:
Both of these are interrelated to each other ..

There is no perfect answer of this question and according to the analysis on this subject it
is known that..

The most important is product and its statistics is diverting from product to process.

 The process involves using creative thoughts and exploration of original ideas
with virtually limitless goals. The process is the 'behind the scenes' development
that results in an end product for the audience to see.
 The product is the actual end result of the process. It is the final creation and the
lasting results of the efforts formulated during the creation process. The product-
focus has a specific goal or result in mind.
I thought of this in relation to writing, which is also an activity that uses creativity to
produce an end product. What is more important in the writing experience - having a
great product or the process it takes to get there?

Writing and other types of creative endeavors cultivate self-expression and innovative
thoughts and ideas. In the realm of writing, classic literature, acclaimed poetry, and best-
selling books all began as a process and resulted in a finished process that millions read -
the product.
As readers, you will pick up the completed product to read, not fully aware of the process
that the writer went through to reach that end goal.

The product is what people buy or take the time to enjoy, not the processes that the author
took to reach the final creation. That final product captivates an audience in the same way
a artistic masterpiece in a museum may generate emotions.
So the conclusion of this is: if the process of preparing is good then the outcome of the
process i.e. also good. So the both process and product are more important on there own
place.

according to the phil cohen

The process is more important

The reason behind this he give is

“There is a nice story to illustrate this: in a US jet engine factory, a defective engine has
just been produced – it has a cracked turbine blade. The engine is due for delivery today,
and there are six engineers working on it to try to fix it. In their process-oriented Japanese
competitor’s plant, a defective jet engine has also been produced, also with a cracked
turbine blade. It’s also due for delivery today, but no-one is trying to fix it. Instead, there
are six engineers trying to figure out how the blade got cracked in the first place.”

According to him if the process of making the product are smooth and good then
eventually the product we get is good. But if we think only about product in between the
process than eventually the product may be not good.

PART B
Q.4. Describe three real life situations in which the customer and the end-
user are the same. Describe three situations in which they are different.

Answer: Three real time situation when the customer are the End user..

1:-component software like

A:- joomla cloner

B:- metamod

C:-Ajax modules designer etc…

As above all are the software component in which the customer as the developer use it to
design the interface and become end user and the other user only navigate through these
module. There are number of plug-in available which is customer need and use it as a end
user like, query etc

2:-CAD Software

A: Autocad

B: allycad

In the cad software category as you can see that the customer is civil engineer which uses
this software as a end user and implies in service. The customer to whom it give after
modeling are not directly use the Software so they are not end user.

3:-CMS(Content management systems)

A:- wordpress

B: joomla

C: smf

D:- phpbb bulletin

This above are the example the developer or the customer are end user in this which they
use the product but the third hierarchy of user are not end user.

Three product in which they are not

A:-railway reservation system

B:-Airline reservation sytem

C:-online poll system

Etc.
As you can see that all of these are purchased by the customer or client and they are used
by end-user us not by them.

In railway reservation system the railway board is customer and we are user. In Airline
reservation system the air company is customer and we are user similar in online poll
system.

Q.5. Suggest three measures, three metrics and corresponding indicators

that might be used to assess the service department of an automobile
dealership.
Answer:

The measure which we have to take on service department of automobile dealer ship is

1:-technical staff

As technical staff is one of the most important factor in planning for the service
department of the automobile.

As this measure shows how efficient are there services.

2:-Personal relationship

Personal relationship measure show how the company contact are gong on if the dealer
have higher personal relationship then it goes well.

3:-Location convenience

This measure shows how convenient the location is so that the client easy acess the
service.

4:-Gurantee on work

In this measure we find out the percentage of work done by the dealer.

5:-Customer satisfication

In customer satisfication we measure the feedback come from the customer

6:-Recalls and service department

This is also one of the important measure which show how you attached to your
customer by giving the proper message on service and offer.

7:-part quality and price

In this we can measure the type of quality we get by the part change and price.

8:-Customization

in this measure we can easily measure the effect of the customization and level of
customization by measuring that.

9:-facilities

This measure tell us how efficient your facilities relating to the customer

10:- price of labour

In the price of labour we can see the balanced way to balance the quality and work by
money.

11:-your decision

This measure show us the special measure which we take on the time of execution.

Q.6. Is it possible for spoilage to increase while at the same time defects/
KLOC decrease? Explain.
Answer:
Yes is is possible when the spoilage increase the defect per thousand line decrease

1:-it depend on the type of source code

2:-it depend on type of error.

3:-it depend on the level of error.

1:-Type of source code

As you know that there are some type of language or strategy which we apply on source
code.
If we don’t do any error in first 10,000 lines and do error on 10001 line which make
whole programme become unstable.

And if it have 10 errors but according to the strategy they are not affect the programme.

2:-It depend on the type of error.

In the other situation when the type of error are 30 but the level of affect was low and in
vice versa condition when error are one and which are crucial.

3:-it depend on the level of error

It also depend on which level the error occur at the interface level,database deign level or
mischellenus.