INSTRUMENTATION

1. What is the most common type of controller

 PI-controller

2 What is the influence of the I (integration)

function of a controller?]
 It will try to reduce the deviation
between set-point and process value
3. During a routine seapassage the cooling
water high temperature alarm system for one
of the auxiliary engines is out of function
and blocked. What will be the appropriate
immediate action?
 All the actions listed in the other
alternatives (Same figure in no. 1)
4. What is the meaning of split-range
 Several control-valves are connected
to the same controller
5. What precaution is to be taken when the
Engineer on Duty is entering an UMS-mode
(Un-Manned Machinery Space) operated
engine room due to an alarm or due to a
scheduled routine check? (Same figure in no. 1)
 Switch the UMS selector switch to
manual mode and engage the "dead
man alarm"
6. For which of the following systems would
you install a PID-controller
 Temperature-control
7. What is the advantage of a transmitter with a
narrow measurement range
 Better linearity and increased
accuracy
8. Which of the following detectors will you
use for detecting if a watertight steel door is
closed or open?
 Proximity switch
9. When we are measuring level of liquids with
a conductivity level indicator, the name of (Same figure in no. 5)
the sensing device is:
 Electrodes
10. What is the difference between a
PRESSURE SWITCH and a PRESSURE
TRANSMITTER, if any?
 The pressure switch has contact(s)
that will change between open and
closed position. The pressure
transmitter converts a pressure signal
into an electric signal.
11. Which component does this graphical
symbol illustrate?
 Pressure indicator, installed on
panel/console
12. What is the most common signal from an I/P
converter?
 4-20mA/3-15 PSI
13. What is an A/D and a D/A converter?
 A converter that converts an analogue
signal to a digital signal and vice
versa.
14. When we are measuring level of liquids with
a differential pressure meter, the name of the (Same figure in no. 5)
sensing device is:
 Pressure diaphragm
15. What is the meaning of the term “ Span ” of
a transducer (Same figure in no. 7)
 The difference between maximum and
minimum measurement that gives a
standard output signal
16. Two reference points for pressure exist,
absolute zero and atmospheric pressure.
What do you call pressures measured
relative to absolute zero?
 Absolute pressure
17. The pressure inlet to a pressure gauge is
varied from zero to full scale and back to
zero again. The output (indicating pressure)
versus true pressure is shown in the
diagr.The non - coincidence of loading and
unloading curve is due to internal friction in
the instrument. What do we call this
phenomenon?
 Hysteresis
18. Will it matter to the accuracy of the
measurement how you are installing a
(Same figure in no. 7)
resistance element in a thermo-well
 Wrong installation will result in a
major deviation in measurement

19. What principle of measurement is the

viscosity controller based on?
 Measurement of differential pressure

20. What do you understand by the expression

Slave Controller
 The secondary controller in a cascade
control system
21. In a circuit diagram of a simple hydraulic
circuit, what does the following symbol
indicate?
 Double check valve.

22. In a cascade control system, what is the

correct mode of the slave controller during
normal operation
 The slave controller shall be in remote
mode
23. What do you understand by the expression
Master Controller (same figure no. 22)
 The primary controller in a cascade
control system
23. What is the influence of the I (integration)
function of a controller
 It will try to reduce the deviation
between set-point and process value

24. Prior to the lunch break, the Engineer on

Duty observes that the operating generator
set has an output of 90%. With regard to
operation of the generator, what is the - most
important - assumption(s) for him to check
before switching to UMS-mode?
 That a secondary auxiliary set is
switched to automatic standby mode

25. In a PID controller we have possibility to

change the setting of the Proportional band
(P), the Reset time (1) and the Rate time
(D). Please indicate which curve shows the
typical response to a change in input, if the
setting of the proportional band is too wide.
 Figure 1.

26. What is typical for a P(proportional)-

controller
 It will always be a deviation between (same figure no. 23)
the set-point and the process value
27. Which controller must be tuned first in a
cascade control system
(same figure no. 23)
 The secondary controller

28. In which of the following processes will the

(same figure no. 23)
time constant be of minor importance
 Level control
29. What is the ideal relation between two
following amplitudes on the response curve
 1:4

30. Which of the following parameters will

(same figure 29)
result in oscillation
 Too high amplification

31. When calibrating an pressure transducer we

have to adjust both SPAN and ZERO. Please
indicate in which order these adjustments
should be done.
 First Zero adjustment and the Span
adjustment. Then Zero should be
rechecked.

32. The range of a transducer is 0-200 bar. The

standard output signal is 4-20 mA. What is
the output signal when the process value is
100 bar.
 12 mA

33. Liquid flow through pipe lines is often

measured by means of differential pressure
across a restriction (orifice) in the pipe as
illustrated by this figure. Which of the listed
formulas will you utilize for calculating the
volumetric flow F?
 Formula 4
34. U-tube manometers are often used to
measure differential pressure. Which of the
listed pressures is U-tube manometers
mostly used for?
 Low differential pressures

35. The picture shows a liquid filled

thermometer. Liquid filled thermometers
and manometers are often installed onboard
ships. What is the main purpose by the
liquid filling of such pointer instruments?
 Reduce mechanical wear on the
internal parts caused vibration
36. Temperature sensors may be marked Pt 100.
What does it mean?
 100 ohm at 0° C

37. What is the signal we measure from a

NiCr/Ni thermocouple?
 mV.
38. Two reference points for pressure exist,
absolute zero and atmospheric pressure.
What do you call pressures measured
relative to atmospheric pressure?
 Gauge pressure

39. In connection with exhausts gas

measurement with a thermocouple we are
normally using an amplifier which gives a
mA-signal out. Why is this done?
 The signal out from a thermocouple is
mV,and can not be transferred over
any longer distance without loss of
voltage, giving a very bad accuracy.

40. What is the meaning of instrument

calibration
 Comparing input and output values
against a documented standard

41. What is the purpose of the Oil Mist

Detector?
 To detect oil mist (explosive
atmosphere in the crankcase).

42. The thermal expansion valve responds to the

 Amount of superheat in the vapor
leaving the coil

43. What is the meaning of split-range

 Several control-valves are connected
to the same controller
44. What is typical for a continuous control
system
 It is possible to predict the control
mathematicallyIt is possible to predict
the control mathematically

45. What principle of measurement is the

viscosity controller based on?
 Measurement of differential pressure

46. In which of the following processes will the

time constant be of minor importance (same figure no. 44)
 Level control
47. When tuning a cascade control system,
where do you start
 The slave controller with the master
controller in manual mode

48. What is this kind of controller normally

called?
 A cascade controller.

49. Which type temperature sensors are shown

on this picture?
 Resistance sensors

50. Thermistor will typically have (same figure no. 49)

 Relatively non linear characteristic

51. In installations of INTRINSICALLY SAFE

equipment it is required that all equipment
should be separated from non-intrinsically
safe equipment, and to be of a special
colour. What colour is that?
 Blue

52. What is an I/P Transducer?

 A transducer that converts a known
electric current to pressure
proportional to the current.
53. Which type instrument is shown on this
picture?
 Electric Contact manometer
54. In a fresh water tank with a height of 5
meters we shall use a pressure transmitter
for level measurement. The tank has a vent-
pipe leading to deck 8 meters above the top
of the tank. What pressure shall we use as a
guidance when ordering the pressure
transducer?
 1,3 Bar.

55. Two reference points for pressure exist,

absolute zero and atmospheric pressure.
What do you call pressures measured
relative to atmospheric pressure?
 Gauge pressure

56. In a fresh water tank we are using a pressure

transmitter with a range of 0-0.5 bar/4-
20mA for level measurement.The
transmitter is for different reasons installed
30 centimeters from the bottom of the
tank,and the tank is 5 meters high. What will
the output from the transmitter be when the
tank is empty?
 4 mA.
57. Which component does this graphical
symbol illustrate?
 Pressure-reducing regulator.

58. Will it matter to the accuracy of the

measurement how you are installing a
resistance element in a thermo-well
 Wrong installation will result in a
major deviation in measurement

59. What will be the probably outcome if the

amplification is set to high on the controller
 The process will oscillate and get out
of control

60. Please indicate the correct sequence of

action to take place in an alarm/monitoring
and safety system.
 Alarm, st.by start, slowdown.
shutdown
61. For any engine room operated in UMS-
mode, defined checks are to be carried out
prior to switching to UMS-mode. Is it the
Engineer on Duty's responsibility to have
the full control of condition of any check
items prior to switching to UMS-mode and
leaving the engine room, or may he leave
the engine room for a short period trusting
the alarms and automatic functions are
sufficient for safe operation?
 A described UMS-mode check shall
always be carried out prior to leaving
the engine room, irrespective of the
time he will be absent.
62. What is the meaning of “ remote mode ”
related to a slave controller
 The slave controller receives the set-
point from the output signal of the
master controller
63. Which push-button valve A, B or C must be
pushed (operated) in order to obtain
movement of the pneumatic cylinder S?
 B

64. Which type of temperature sensor is used in

this temperature measuring system?
 Thermocouple sensor

65. The diagram is a calibration diagram for a

pressure gauge. What do you call the slope
of the calibration curve?
 Sensitivity

66. Which of the listed sensors can 'not' be

utilized for detecting temperatures?
 Strain gauge

67. Which of the listed physical parameters can

be measured by means of a manometer? (same figure no. 66)
 Pressure
68. You have to choose one of the following
instruments for measuring pressure in an air
bottle in measuring range 0 - 35 BAR.
Which instrument will you install?
 Bourdon Tube manometer

69. Which component does this graphical

symbol illustrate?
 Remote level controller with indicator

70. In a fresh water tank we are using a pressure

transmitter with a range of 0-0.5 bar / 4-
20mA for level measurement. The
transmitter is for different reasons installed
30 centimeters from the bottom of the tank,
and the tank is 5 meters high. What will the
output from the transmitter be when the tank
is full? (Pending no calibration is made)
 18,8 mA.

71. This is an electronic temperature controller.

You have been asked to adjust the
controllers integrating action. Which button
on the front of the controller shall be utilized
for this adjustment?
 Pos. 8

72. The range of a transducer is 0-200 bar. The

output signal is 4-20 mA. What is the span
of the output signal.
 16 mA

73. What is the difference between a

PRESSURE SWITCH and a PRESSURE
TRANSMITTER, if any?
 The pressure switch has contact(s)
that will change between open and
closed position.The pressure
transmitter converts a pressure signal
into an electric signal.
74. Which of the following temperature sensors
does normally give the highest measuring
accuracy?
 Resistance sensor, Pt100
75. Which component does this graphical
symbol illustrate?
 Pressure to electric current converter.

76. What is the advantage of a transmitter with a

narrow measurement range
 Better linearity and increased
accuracy

77. When we are measuring salinity with a

salinometer, the sensing device is:
 Electrodes