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Objective: Determine the discharge coefficient, Cd, for an orifice at the bottom of a
cylindrical tank based on an equation derived from the continuity equation.
Procedure: 1) Place the orifice apparatus on the hydrostatic bench, and attach the
3mm-diameter orifice plate.
2) Cover the orifice and fill the tank to above the 40 cm level. Keep the
orifice covered.
3) Uncover the orifice to let the water discharge through the orifice.
4) Start timing once the water level reaches h=40 cm. Record the time at
2cm-increment levels down to level h=2 cm(i.e. h=38, 36, 34, .. 2 cm).
Record time at 0.5 cm below h=2 cm down to h=0.5 cm (i.e. h= 1.5, 1.0
and 0.5 cm). Use the attached table to record the times.
5) Replace the 3mm –diameter orifice place with the 6mm – diameter and
repeat steps 1-4.
Results and 1) Derive t as function of h for the upper and lower part of the cylinder.
Analysis: Your final answers should match the following formulas:
a. Upper part:
2
⎛ DCYN ⎞
tUpper =
2
⎜ (
⎟⎟ H 01 2 − h1 2 )
Cd 2 g ⎜⎝ DORF ⎠
b. Lower part:
t Lower = t H 0 → H b +
1 (ΠDCYN − 4d )DCYN (H 1 2 − h1 2 )
Π DORF
2 b
Cd 2 g
2) Use recorded data to plot t against h (one plot per each orifice
diameter).
For each plot determine the line slopes that correspond to the
upper and lower sections of the cylinder. Calculate the
discharge coefficient Cd for each slope given that DCYN =13.7
cm, d = 6mm and g = 9.81 m/sec2
1
CIVE340 LAB – Experiment#1: Orifice Discharge
2
CIVE340 LAB – Experiment#1: Orifice Discharge
Data Sheet
t (sec)
h (cm)
3mm-Orifice 6mm-Orifice
40.0
38.0
36.0
34.0
32.0
30.0
28.0
26.0
24.0
22.0
20.0
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5