Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the work contained in the Field Survey Report entitled -A STUDY
students of Master of Social Work (MSW) named Asish Pandey, Sanjeet kumar Marandi
and V.S.N.Bharadwaj have been carried out under my supervision and this work has not
SWARUP DATTA,
RESEARCH OFFICER,
PRATAPGARH DISTRICT,
UTTAR PRADESH.c c c
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INDEX
S. No CONTENT PAGE. NO
1. ABSTRACT 1
2. INTRODUCITON 2
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 5
4. SAMPLING 7
5. LIMITATIONS 8
6. DATA ANALYSIS 9
8. INTERPRETATION 23
9. CONCLUSION 24
ANNEXURE ± I 26
ANNEXURE ± II 30
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PREFACE
The main goal of the project is to make -A Study on the Awareness level and
Attitude level of the clients towards the Community Based Micro Health
Insurance ´. The reason for taking up this project is to know the awareness and attitude
levels of the clients towards Insurance and need towards it. There is a need to compare the
awareness and attitude level of the clients towards Insurance and also the need and actual
risks that are being facing by the clients particularly in Treatment and Control Groups. Both
the groups are mandatory. So, I tried to know the clients Attitude and Awareness level
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I am highly grateful to Prof. Peeush Ranjan Agrawal, Head, Department of Humanities and
Social Sciences for his prompt guidance and help in completing the project.
I am thankful to our guide Dr. Rajesh Kumar Shastri, Assistant Professor Department of
Humanities and Social Sciences. He gave us useful and valuable suggestions about the topic
and taught us various methods to make this report more effective and better. We are highly
indebted to his for his valuable suggestions.
I would also like to thank Mr. Swarup Datta, Research Officer for his great cooperation. I am
also thankful to all the members of Human Resource Development, BAIF, Allahabad.
I am also highly grateful to other faculty members of Department of Humanities and Social
Sciences for their kind support and able guidance.
Last but not the least; I am also very thankful to my parents and our friends without whom
this report would not have been successful. They helped us in collecting data and analysis of
data as well as provided subject matter related to the project.
Date:
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c c c c c c c c V.S.N.BHARADWAJ
SANJEET KR MARANDI
ASISH PANDEY
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ABSTRACT
This report examines the awareness, attitude levels of the Clients towards Insurance with
respect to Villages near by Pratapgarh District, Uttar Pradesh. The Research is based on
household level primary data collected from both the Insurance policy and Non-policy
holders. The results show the comparison of awareness, attitude and assessment of Insurance
need based on actual risks between the Treatment and Control group. The t-test is used as a
tool for better results between the groups in order to fulfill the objectives.
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INTRODUCTION
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Gc Insurance is a form of risk management in which the insured transfers the cost of
potential loss to another entity in exchange for monetary compensation known as the
³Premium´.
Gc Insurance is the equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another, in
exchange for payment.
Gc Micro-Insurance offers protection against the risks in life specifically for low-income
people in developing countries, with customized products and processes.
As far as the project CBHI (Community based Micro Health Insurance) is concerned,
According to the World Health Organisation, greater than 80 per cent of total expenditure on
health in India is private (figure for 1999-2001 [World Health Organisation 2004]) and most
of this flows directly from households to the private-for-profit health care sector. Most
studies of health care spending have found that out-of-pocket spending in India is actually
progressive, or equity neutral; as a proportion of nonfood expenditure, richer Indians spend
marginally more than poorer Indians on health care. However, because the poor lack the
resources to pay for health care, they are far more likely to avoid going for care, or to become
indebted or impoverished trying to pay for it. On average, the poorest quintile of Indians is
2.6 times more likely than the richest to forgo medical treatment when ill. Aside from cases
where people believed that their illness was not serious, the main reason for not seeking care
was cost. The richest quintile of the population is six times more likely than the poorest
quintile to have been hospitalised in either the public or private sector. Peters et al (2002)
estimated that at least 24 per cent of all Indians hospitalised fall below the poverty line
because they are hospitalised, and that out-of-pocket spending on hospital care might have
raised by 2 per cent the proportion of the population in poverty. Given this context, health
insurance appears to be an equitable alternative to out of pocket payments.
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In recent years, community health insurance (CHI) has emerged as a possible means of:
(1) improving access to health care among the poor; and
(2) protecting the poor from indebtedness and impoverishment resulting from
medical expenditures.
About MIA: The Micro Insurance Academy (MIA) is a project of Sarvajan Unnati Bodhini
Charitable Trust. The MIA is a not-for-profit organization fully dedicated to providing
structured technical assistance in micro insurance domain-knowledge to organisations that
focus on low-income communities.
Mission: Our mission is to empower and enable poor communities to play an active role
reducing their financial vulnerabilities through innovative approaches in micro insurance.
Objectives: Examine a new model of CBHI that is affordable, responsive, and inclusive
which is designed to promote:
i) Equitable access to health care
ii) Financial protection
Background:
In most developing countries, including India, the lion's share of health spending is made out
of pocket. This leads to impoverishment and low access to health care, especially for weaker
segments of the population. CBHI has the potential to reduce the severe consequences of
unforeseen illness. However, in order to make use of the scarce resources available and build
systems offering value to the poor, it is important to have a detailed and evidence based
understanding on the impact of CBHI.
Project Concept:
This project sets out to investigate the aspects important for the successful implementation of
CBHI. It does so through a set of controlled randomized trials through which CBHI is
implemented in villages of two states of India (Uttar Pradesh and Bihar). Rigorous
longitudinal research is used to identify causal effects of CBHI on equitable access to
healthcare and financial protection. The two states selected for implementation are among the
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poorest in India, yet the intervention areas vary from each other in their socio-economic,
epidemiological and cultural profiles. We seek this diversity in order to enhance the validity
of the claim that lessons learned could be applied to other settings as well. We apply
quantitative research (longitudinal panel; series of economic experiments) along with in-
depth qualitative analysis and spatial data.
Partners:
Funding:
This project is being funded by a grant through the Seventh Framework Programme of the
European Commission (EC-FP7), of the European Union.
Duration: 2009-2013
Location:
Field Work:
The main researchers are based in India (MIA), Germany (University of Cologne), and the
Netherlands (Erasmus University-Rotterdam)
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Progress:
The CBHI India project was initiated in August 2009. The project's core research hypotheses
as well as data collection tools were refined in the following months, in light of the
discussion held at the project's first Advisory Board meeting in November 2009. Baseline
quantitative, qualitative and spatial research was carried out for 8 months, running
consecutively from January to August 2010. CBHI implementation activities for each site
have been ongoing since Apr 2010, and have been intensified from September 2010
onwards, following the completion of baseline research. Highlights include:
As far as our study is done in BAIF, it is of two groups namely Treatment Group and Control
Group and each group has different SHGs. The Treatment group consists of the people who
are aware of Insurance, Policy and are of policy holders. It covers about 5 villages near
PRATAPGARH area. The Control group consists of people who are of non policy holders. It
covers about 10 villages near PRATAPGARH area. The policy they introduced is
-SANJIVANI´.
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Description on SANJIVINI Insurance policy:
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Title:cA Study on the Awareness Level and Attitude Level of the Clients
towards the Community Based Micro Health Insurance
Gc To know the awareness level and attitude level of the clients towards Insurance
Gc To study the need for Insurance
Gc To know the perception and understanding level of the clients towards Insurance
Gc To know the probability level of occurrence of risk and satisfaction level of the
clients.
HYPOTHESIS:
Èc H02: There is no difference between the importance of insurance between the groups.
H12: There is difference between the importance of insurance between the groups.
H13: There is difference between the knowing insurance products between the groups.
Èc H04: There is no difference between the insurance policy among the groups.
H14: There is difference between the insurance policy among the groups.
Èc H05: There is no difference between the satisfaction towards Insurance between the
groups.
H15: There is difference between the satisfaction towards Insurance between the
groups.
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Èc H06: There is no difference between taking policy in future among the groups.
Èc H08: There is no difference between the equal say in taking decisions between the
groups.
H18: There is difference between the equal say in taking decisions between the
Groups
Èc H09: There is no difference between the written material among the groups
H19: There is difference between the written material among the groups
Èc H10: There is no difference between the reading of an document among the groups.
H20: There is no difference between the reading of an document among the groups.
Èc H11: There is no difference between the terms and conditions among the groups.
H21: There is difference between the terms and conditions among the groups.
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RESEARCH DESIGN
The nature of research is exploratory in nature. This research covers the awareness
and attitude level of the clients towards insurance and also the perception and understanding
of Insurance .
PRIMARY DATA
Primary data collected for my project by the questionnaires and personal interaction
with the existing policy holders and non policy holders in Pratapgarh District. c
SAMPLING
SAMPLING UNITS
The sampling units for my project were the existing insurance policy holder and non policy
holder at Pratapgarh.
40 respondents from the Treatment group in which it covers Vitalpur, Vishnupur, Lachipur,
Bhagipur and Ramgarh near Pratapgarh area.
20 respondents from the Control group in which it covers Pachras, Rastipur, Sarai Sultani,
Meerpur, Rajapur near Pratapgarh area.
SAMPLE SIZE
SAMPLING METHOD
Since the chance of any particular unit in the population being selected is known so I
have used probability sampling. We have used simple random sampling.
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LIMITATIONS
The study was conducted only at a total of 10 villages near Pratapgarh area. This analysis and
findings arrived are based on the true findings with the help of questionnaire. There are issues
in generalizing the results and findings to a wider area of Pratapgarh, Uttar Pradesh. The
study obtained information about the awareness level, attitude level, perception and
understanding of clients towards Insurance Policy. Some of the shortcomings that we found
are:
Gc No doubt SANJIVINI is playing an important role in the villages. Some of the policy
holders are saying that the procedure for getting the claim benefits is getting harder as
they not able to get the receipts in time. This is one of the major shortcomings of this
policy.
Gc Due to lack of knowledge or education some of them are not in a stage to read the
documents or understand the terms and conditions of the policy.
Gc As majority of the clients are of farmers, due to lack of water, the clients are getting
loss in their irrigation field and because of this the income generation is getting
reduced.
Gc In some of the areas the clients are not much aware of the Micro Health Insurance. It
is time for everyone to know what exactly the micro insurance is.
Gc The treatment group clients are more aware when compared to control group.
Knowingly, some of them are not showing interest to take policy as their financial
status doesn¶t support them. This is the reason why the people are not willing to take
any policy in future.
Gc The literacy level in these villages is too low. The parents can¶t effort that much to get
their child educated as they belong to below poverty line.
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DATA ANALYSIS
Q. Are you aware about Insurance (Yes / No). If yes, fill the following Questions:
c
Paired Samples Correlations
N Correlation Sig.
Pair 1 heard abt ins tg1 & heard
20 -.500 .025
abt ins cg1
Pair 2 is insurance imp tg2 & is
20 . .
insurance imp cg2
Pair 3 knw abt ins prod tg3
20 .192 .416
&knw abt ins prod cg3
Pair 4 taken an ins policy tg4
20 . .
&taken an ins policy cg4
Description:
Pair 1:
Èc As the significance value is greater than 0.05, we accept the null hypothesis. There is
no difference between hearing of Insurance between treatment and control group.
c
Pair 2:
Èc Here, the significance value is less than 0.05. Hence we reject the null hypothesis. By
this we can say that there is difference between the importance of insurance between
the groups.
Pair 3:
Èc The significance value is less than 0.05. Hence we reject the null hypothesis. By this
we can say that there is difference between the knowing of insurance products
between the groups.
Pair 4:
Èc As the significance value is less than 0.05. Hence we reject the null hypothesis. By
this we can say that there is difference between the insurance policy among the
groups.
c
Comparison of Understanding clients Attitude towards Insurance between
the treatment and control groups
Q.
Analysis: This analysis is done by using t-test. The application of t-test is shown in
Annexure 2.
Comparison of Understanding the clients Attitude towards Insurance between the treatment
and control groups:
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Description:
Pair 1:
Èc Here, the significance value is less than 0.05. Hence we reject the null hypothesis. By
this we can say that there is difference between the satisfaction with the policy
between the treatment and control groups.
Pair 2:
Èc As the significance value is greater than 0.05, we accept the null hypothesis. There is
no difference between the taking another policy towards Insurance among the
treatment and control groups.
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Comparison of Understanding the need for risk between the treatment and
control groups
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Comparison of Assessment of Insurance need based on actual risks faced
between the treatment and control groups.
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Analysis: Assessment of type of Risk based on actual risk from Treatment group and control
group
Table: Assessment of type of Risk based on actual risk from Treatment group
Table: Assessment of type of Risk based on actual risk from control group
high
Death of expenditure to Death disease Natural
family member illness Loss of crops of Livestock Disaster
Financial 7
Loss 15 14 2 12
Asset loss 1 1 2 1
prod loss 7 14 14 12
int flw of 5
inc 13 13 2 11
per suff 4 3 7 1 5
insecturity 3
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Description:
The above graph depicts the Assessment of type of Risk based on actual risk from Treatment
group. In the treatment group
Gc Out of 40 respondents 10% of the clients are suffering with Financial Loss, 7% are
suffering with the loss of productivity due to death of family member.
Gc As far as high expenditure is concerned 30% clients are being facing financial loss,
22% of them are suffering with interrupted flow of Income due to illness.
Gc Majority of the clients are facing Productivity loss and 2% of them are suffering with
insecurity feeling due to Loss in Crops.
Gc Due to death of live stock 12% of the clients are suffering with financial loss,
productivity loss and insecurity feeling.
Gc 65% of the clients are suffering with productivity loss, 57% with interrupted flow of
income and 50% of them are suffering with financial loss due to Natural Disaster and
finally about 2% of the total respondents are being suffering with financial loss,
productivity loss and interrupted flow of income due to Loss in Business.
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Description:
The above graph depicts the Assessment of type of Risk based on actual risk from control
group. In the control group
Gc Out of 20 respondents 35% of the clients are suffering with Financial Loss and
productivity loss and because of that 25 % are suffering with interrupted flow in
income due to death of family member.
Gc As far as high expenditure is concerned 75% clients are being facing financial loss,
70% of them are suffering with Productivity loss which causing an indirect damage
towards income and personal suffering due to illness.
Gc 70% of the clients are facing financial loss and which causing an indirect damage of
about 65% towards the flow of income and 15% of them are suffering with insecurity
feeling due to Loss in Crops.
Gc Due to death of live stock about 10% of the clients are suffering with financial loss,
Asset loss and interruption in flow of income.
Gc 60% of the clients are suffering with financial loss and productivity loss, 55% with
interrupted flow of income due to Natural Disaster.
c
Comparison of Perception and Understanding level of the clients towards
Insurance needs between the treatment and control groups.
Q. Comparison of Perception and Understanding level of the clients towards Insurance needs
between the treatment group and control group.
Analysis: The analysis is done by using T-test. The application of t-test is shown in
Annexure 2
(P.T.O)
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Paired Samples Statistics
Std. Error
Mean N Std. Deviation Mean
Pair 1 who handles insurance tg1 1.3333 3 .57735 .33333
who handles insurance
2.0000 3 .00000 .00000
cg1
Pair 2 does ur spouse hav an
equal say in these 1.0000a 3 .00000 .00000
decisions tg2
does ur spouse hav an
equal say in these 1.0000a 3 .00000 .00000
decisions cg2
Pair 3 did u get any written
1.0000a 3 .00000 .00000
material tg3
did u get any written
1.0000a 3 .00000 .00000
material cg3
Pair 4 hav u read d doc tg4 1.3333 3 .57735 .33333
hav u read d doc cg4 1.0000 3 .00000 .00000
Pair 5 hav the t&c bn clear to u
1.0000 3 .00000 .00000
tg5
hav the t&c been clear to
1.6667 3 .57735 .33333
u cg5
Pair 6 Do u hav a good
understnd of d ins prod 1.0000a 3 .00000 .00000
tg6
Do u hav a good
understnd of d ins prod 1.0000a 3 .00000 .00000
cg6
a. The correlation and t cannot be computed because the standard error of the
difference is 0.
c
Paired Samples Correlations
N Correlation Sig.
Pair 1 who handles insurance tg1
& who handles insurance 3 . .
cg1
Pair 4 hav u read d doc tg4 &
3 . .
hav u read d doc cg4
Pair 5 hav the t&c been clear to
u tg5 & hav the t&c been 3 . .
clear to u cg5
c
c
c
c
Description:
Pair 1:
Èc As the significance value is greater than 0.05, we accept the null hypothesis. There is
no difference between the insurance related responsibilities between the treatment
and control groups
Pair 2:
Èc Here the value of correlation is zero, hence the t-test value will also be zero.
Pair 3:
Èc Here the value of correlation is zero, hence the t-test value will also be zero.
Pair 4:
Èc As the significance value is greater than 0.05, we accept the null hypothesis. There is
no difference between the reading of an document among the groups.
Pair 5:
Èc As the significance value is greater than 0.05, we accept the null hypothesis. There is
no difference between the terms and conditions between the treatment and control
groups.
Pair 6:
Èc Here the value of correlation is zero, hence the t-test value will also be zero.
c
c
c
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FINDINGS OF THE STUDY
c
From our study we found that,
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INTERPRETATION
Gc Some of the policy holders are not having awareness and interest towards Insurance.
This is just because of their illiteracy. This is the major problem in everyone¶s family.
In order to overcome this shortcoming some primary education should be given for
Gc Due to natural disaster most of the families are having crop loss atleast twice in a
year. We can make the people to overcome from this problem by providing some
Gc As per the data, Health risk is treated as major risk in the villages. In order to
overcome it, most of the people from treatment group took the SANJIVINI policy
which is quiet beneficial for the client and a less number of clients are having LIC
Gc An assessment has been done in order to know the perception and understanding level
c
CONCLUSION
In general the field of micro insurance is just merging and though it has a number of issues at
three levels namely people, MFI, and Insurance companies, this sector has a big potential.
More innovation in product design, processes and practices is bound to happen as the sector
evolves and expands. Servicing and a social perspective will slowly develop once the rural
population starts demanding. As far as the project CBHI is concerned, the partner agent
model will brings a change in the insurance companies, their attitudes and willingness to
serve rural people and inhibition factors should be studied to improve the system as a whole.
As per our study, we compared the awareness and attitude level of the
clients towards Insurance between the treatment and control groups. As per the data
collected, most of the clients responded in a positive manner. They are quiet happy with the
benefits that are being provided under the Health Insurance policy through BAIF.
The SHGs in the Treatment group are more effective when compared
to control group. In both the groups the women are more effectively working for the welfare
of the development. This shows a positive change towards development in Rural India.
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RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
motivating factor and upgrading scheme so we would like to suggest that it should
continue so that literacy rate can rise and can make their future bright and secure.
Gc Programs like SANJIVINI have to be given good publicity so that they will be more
successful.
Gc A very serious problem we noticed was lack of safe drinking water in many villages.
Now-a-days the people in the villages are getting the water from about 125 feet below
the ground. We would suggest to take some positive initiative to fulfill the basic needs
of the people.
Gc During interaction people told that there is huge scarcity of water resources which
Gc Few of the policy holders and Non policy holders of the SHGs are unaware of the
community.
Gc We would like to suggest to provide some primary education to the poor people as
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ANNEXURE-I
Questionnaire:
Date :
Age :
1. Are you aware about Insurance (Yes / No). If Yes, fill the following Questions:
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2. Are you aware of Micro-Insurance? If Yes, fill the following:
c
Premium Payment:
c
4. Are you satisfied with the Policy?
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5. Are you aware of the risks?
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ANNEXURE ± II
Application of T-Test:
1Q. T-test application for client¶s awareness towards Insurance between the
treatment and control groups.
2Q. T-test application for attitude of the clients towards Insurance between the
treatment and control groups.
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5Q. T-test application for perception and understanding level of the clients towards
Insurance between treatment and control groups.
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