UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

General Certificate of Education Advanced Level

FURTHER MATHEMATICS 9231/11

Paper 1 May/June 2010
3 hours
Additional Materials: Answer Booklet/Paper
*1900609380*

Graph Paper
List of Formulae (MF10)

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This document consists of 5 printed pages and 3 blank pages.

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1 The variables x and y are such that y = −1 when x = 1 and

x 2 + y2 +   = 29.
dy 3
dx
dy d2 y
Find the values of and 2 when x = 1. [5]
dx dx

2 The curve C has polar equation

r = a 1 − e−θ
,
where a is a positive constant and 0 ≤ θ < 2π .

(i) Draw a sketch of C. [3]

(ii) Show that the area of the region bounded by C and the lines θ = ln 2 and θ = ln 4 is

32
.
ln 2 − 13 [4]
1 2
2a

3 At any point (x, y) on the curve C,

dx √ dy √
= t (t2 + 4) and = −t (4 − t2 ),
dt dt
√
where the parameter t is such that 0 ≤ t ≤ 2. Show that the length of C is 4 2. [3]

Given that y = 0 when t = 2, determine the area of the surface generated when C is rotated through
one complete revolution about the x-axis, leaving your answer in an exact form. [4]

N
4 The sum SN is defined by SN = ∑ n5 . Using the identity
n=1

n + 12
− n − 12
≡ 6n5 + 5n3 + 38 n,
6 6

find SN in terms of N . [You need not simplify your result.] [4]

Hence find lim N −λ SN , for each of the two cases

N →∞

(i) λ = 6,
(ii) λ > 6.
[3]

5 Let
e
In = ã x(ln x)n dx,
1

where n ≥ 1. Show that

In+1 = 12 e2 − 12 (n + 1)In . [3]

Hence prove by induction that, for all positive integers n, In is of the form An e2 + Bn , where An and
Bn are rational numbers. [6]

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6 The equation
x3 + x − 1 = 0
√
has roots α , β , γ . Use the relation x = y to show that the equation

y3 + 2y2 + y − 1 = 0
has roots α 2 , β 2 , γ 2 . [2]

Let Sn = α n + β n + γ n .

(i) Write down the value of S2 and show that S4 = 2. [3]

(ii) Find the values of S6 and S8 . [4]

7 The lines l1 and l2 have vector equations

r = 4i − 2j + λ (2i + j − 4k) and r = 4i − 5j + 2k + µ (i − j − k)

respectively.

(i) Show that l1 and l2 intersect. [3]

(ii) Find the perpendicular distance from the point P whose position vector is 3i − 5j + 6k to the
plane containing l1 and l2 . [3]

(iii) Find the perpendicular distance from P to l1 . [4]

8 The matrix A is given by

−1
 
4 1
A=
 −4 −1 4.
0 −1 5

1
Given that one eigenvector of A is −2 !, find the corresponding eigenvalue. [2]
−1

Given also that another eigenvalue of A is 4, find a corresponding eigenvector. [2]

1
Given further that −4 ! is an eigenvector of A, with corresponding eigenvalue 1, find matrices P
−1
and Q, together with a diagonal matrix D, such that A5 = PDQ. [6]

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9 (i) Write down the five fifth roots of unity. [2]

(ii) Hence find all the roots of the equation

√
ß5 + 16 + (16 3)i = 0,

giving answers in the form reiqπ , where r > 0 and q is a rational number. Show these roots on an
Argand diagram. [4]

Let w be a root of the equation in part (ii).

(iii) Show that

√
w k 3+i 3
4

∑   = . [3]
2 2−w
k=0

(iv) Identify the root for which | 2 − w | is least. [2]

10 Find the set of values of a for which the system of equations

x + 4y + 12ß = 5,
2x + ay + 12ß = a − 1,
3x + 12y + 2aß = 10,
has a unique solution. [4]

Show that the system does not have any solution in the case a = 18. [2]

Given that a = 8, show that the number of solutions is infinite and find the solution for which
x + y + ß = 1. [5]

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11 Answer only one of the following two alternatives.

EITHER

The variables ß and x are related by the differential equation

d2 ß dß dß 2
3ß2 2
+ 6ß2 + 6ß  + 5ß3 = 5x + 2.
dx dx dx
Use the substitution y = ß3 to show that y and x are related by the differential equation

d2 y dy
2
+ 2 + 5y = 5x + 2. [3]
dx dx

dß
Given that ß = 1 and = − 23 when x = 0, find ß in terms of x. [9]
dx

Deduce that, for large positive values of x, ß ≈ x 3 .

1
[2]

OR

The curve C has equation

x(x + 1)
y= .
(x − 1)2

(i) Obtain the equations of the asymptotes of C . [3]

(ii) Show that there is exactly one point of intersection of C with the asymptotes and find its
coordinates. [2]

dy
(iii) Find and hence
dx
(a) find the coordinates of any stationary points of C ,
(b) state the set of values of x for which the gradient of C is negative.
[6]

(iv) Draw a sketch of C. [3]

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