2nd Sep Full Set

Edited by Foxit Reader
Copyright(C) by Foxit Software Company,2005-2008

For Evaluation Only.
Document Contents
1. Zensys presentation for Z Wave

2. Ember, PRI & Trilliant presentation for ZigBee at 2.4Hz
3. Coronis presentation for Wavenis
4. Cambridge Silicon Radio presentation for Bluetooth low energy
5. Amtel presentation for ZigBee at 868MHz
6. Q’Vedis presentation for Wireless M-Bus
Disclaimer
This document is a compilation of presentations by organisations not
affiliated with the Energy Retail Association. To the extent permitted
by law, the Energy Retail Association do not accept liability for any
loss which may arise from reliance upon information contained in
this document.
Copyright
All of the content within this document remains copyright of the
original parties who hold any such rights.
Zensys Overview presentation to
ERA SRSM Local Communications

Workshop #4
Sep 2, 2008
Niels Thybo Johansen CTO, Zensys
© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™
Introduction
Z-Wave = ONLY interoperable market success for wireless HAN
– Established in the market, 300 products, 200 companies, various
channels, many application all INTEROPERABLE
Z
Z-Wave
W for
f smartt metering
t i HAN can be b tied
ti d wellll to
t other
th last
l t mile
il
solutions via bridge architecture as well as integrated to IP via Z/IP
– Horstmann and Trilliant products / examples / demo’s
Z-Wave’s ecosystem in the UK (HVAC & lighting) can be greatly
leveraged for energy display
– A Horstmann or Danfoss thermostat can double duty as an energy
display and reduce utilities investments on the display roll-out
Z-Wave is being opened up through collaboration with Cisco in the
Z-Wave alliance and the convergence with IP in Z/IP
Z-Wave will have 2nd source silicon through the investment of
Panasonic in Zensys
Z-Wave has a new full device class for smart metering
1
What you need to know
Zensys has always focused on the network / ecosystem first before
driving the gateways (smart meters)
In the UK the key light control companies and HVAC companies
have Z-Wave products or will have them soon
– It does not make any sense to be the only fax machine in a network
– Would love to introduce these UK companies to let them tell why
they chose Z-Wave and what they can do for you
Z-Wave has roll-out and trials in smart metering (Horstmann,
Modstroem, DEST) but have not yet been beating the PR drum.
Z-Wave
Z Wave contains all IP needed for HAN
– Avoid IP infringement lawsuits during trails and roll out – as seen
recently in rollout in Southern California.
Z-Wave operates on the well regulated 868MHz band
– No interference from WiFi!
Single WiFi effect on 2.4GHz Short range Radios

Measurement done during Summer 2008 with
newest silicon from 3 vendors
WLAN Type 802.11g Ember: EM250 Chipcon / TI: CC2430 Freescale: MC13193*
ZigBee
WLAN Frequency 2442 MHz TX Power [dBm] 3 TX Power [dBm] 0 TX Power [dBm] 0
Victim
WLAN TX Power +15 dBm Communication Distance 9m NLOS Communication Distance 9m NLOS Communication Distance 9m NLOS
Receiver
Freq. [MHz] 2440 2430 2420 2440 2430 2420 2440 2430 2420
Avg. TX Duty Distance from
PER [%] PER [%] PER [%] PER [%] PER [%] PER [%] PER [%] PER [%] PER [%]
Cycle Interferer
1m 74.7% 64.7% 0.5% 74.1% 74.1% 5.5% 99.0% 69.3% 71.0%
2m 75.9% 30.7% 0.5% 74.0% 56.5% 0.9% 92.3% 61.3% 57.3%
5m 69.2% 8.9% 0.8% 69.6% 28.3% 0.5% 93.7% 53.0% 37.3%
15.00%
8m 32.9% 2.2% 0.5% 60.2% 19.5% 0.1% 86.0% 44.7% 16.3%
15m 19.0% 0.1% 0.1% 57.6% 22.0% 2.1% 87.0% 12.5% 10.5%
25m** 17.4% 2.3% 0.0% 51.2% 25.4% 4.9% 70.5% 4.5% 2.0%
1m 99.4% 80.2% 2.9% 97.9% 77.8% 64.0% 100.0% 90.0% 91.0%
2m 82.2% 78.0% 2.2% 97.2% 87.4% 1.9% 94.0% 89.0% 55.7%
5m 80.1% 60.4% 0.3% 79.9% 40.6% 4.9% 86.0% 74.3% 44.0%
29.00%
8m 73.4% 11.9% 0.8% 71.0% 31.2% 2.4% 97.0% 71.0% 32.7%
15m 78.0% 6.4% 0.0% 64.2% 8.7% 0.2% 96.0% 6.0% 7.5%
25m** 50.6% 8.1% 0.8% 23.7% 11.6% 2.7% 38.5% 5.5% 11.5%
1m 98.2% 92.7% 2.0% 98.8% 91.1% 95.1% 99.0% 99.0% 99.0%
2m 98.6% 57.6% 2.0% 93.0% 65.3% 5.3% 99.0% 99.0% 96.3%
5m 97.3% 62.9% 0.3% 93.0% 63.4% 4.8% 99.0% 90.0% 79.7%
38.00%
8m 91.5% 10.1% 1.1% 98.3% 51.4% 1.9% 91.5% 77.0% 94.0%
15m 15.0% 0.4% 0.1% 99.5% 30.1% 0.0% 93.5% 1.5% 14.5%
25m**
25m 17.2% 5.0% 0.3% 75.6% 52.6% 4.7% 64.0% 22.4% 19.5%
* PER[%] - 1000 ZigBee packages in loop back - timeout = 100 ms
** Duty Cycles given at this range might vary due to WLAN range
E.g.
Severe Jamming up to 22MHz+ away
AppelTV
streaming
With the success of WiFi - it is not unlikely that
you will experience several strong WiFi streams
on different frequencies in MDUs
No Communication anywere!!!
2
Presentation
Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision
Z-Wave Core technology
Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework
Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security
Z-Wave Energy experience
Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control (AEC) Vision

Home control is the key enabler
for energy conservation – providing:
Î Increase consumer awareness

– Consumers are able to view their energy
consumption in real time
- From energy meters
- Measured at select home control devices
– Consumers can immediately see the
Energy
$$$ savings enabled through their actions Conservation
Î Enable effective energy control for consumers Remote
Home
Monitoring
– Remote home control – Save energy
without compromising convenience
– Lighting control & appliance control
Î Add advanced energy pricing & supply models
– Cut-off demand peaks
Entertainment
– Control select loads to protect the grid Control
Lighting
– Offer demand based energy pricing – Control
And enable the consumer to act accordingly
Digital
Home
Health Care
3
The Z-Wave AEC Vision
Why create a new ‘Monster’?
Leverage on the existing flexible Z-Wave technology!
Î Why create new classes of ‘Smart’ appliances?

– L
Lets
t leverage
l on th
the many existing
i ti d devices
i supporting
ti lload
d shedding
h ddi andd temperature
t t setting
tti etc.
t
– Lets leverage on the many existing devices supporting sub-metering – The intuitive way for
Consumption analysis
– Then - Allow manufactures to enrich their products – No new SKUs which cannot be used with
other initiatives – to implement even better energy conservation mechanisms going forward.
Î Why create new classes of ‘information displays’?

– Lets use the displays already in Z-wave products – such as remote controllers and thermostats
– Then - Allow manufactures to add the strong Z-Wave security options to protect sensitive data
Î Why re-invent Security and Remote Home Access strategies?

– Lets use IP or other WAN technologies – providing the last mile communication, an excellent and
proven quality of Service and mature Security (like SSL or TLS)
– Then - Allow manufactures and Utility Suppliers to leverage on their IP knowledge and enrich
existing backend application and IP Gateways
Î Instead, lets focus on the important NEW problem to solve !

– Create a scalable data distribution architecture for ALL devices. Whether low-cost or High-end.
AEC : Massive reuse and leverage of Techs and Products

© Zensys Inc., 2008 - CONFIDENTIAL
Utility / Meter Internet

Network (including Mobile / GSM Networks)
Existing IP technologies
Z-WaveIPTLS
Z WaveIPTLS or • PLC,
PLC LON
LON, etc
t Any TCP/IP Media
Z-WaveSec with Z-WaveIPTLS Proxy • GPRS / GSM Any Command Class
• WiMAX (Transparent)
• RF (licensed)
Router or
Z-WaveSec Z-WaveIPTLS
proxy
Any Command Class
(Transparent)
Electricity
Generator / Existing Z-Wave Products
Basic Meter
PC /
Set-Top-Box /
Home Controller
Energy
Electricity Controller Energy
Meter Display
Meter data
Sub-Meter data
Gas
Cold Water (#1) Utility Pool
Cold Water (#2) Reporting Thermostat / Ventilation / (Smart) Other Jacuzzi
… Devices Heating / HVAC Climate Appliances Home Lighting
Warm Water (#1) …
District Heating
Controllers Controller Devices
…
4
Presentation
Z-Waves Key Technical benefits - Overview

Interoperability –
– Between products – Between vendors.
– Largest ecosystem of Products in the marketplace
– Open Z-Wave Alliance + Pin compatible 2nd Source Silicon in 1H 2009
Lowest Cost Technology

– Not just on Chip level – also on product level
Very low Power consumption

– Both in active and in sleep mode
Avoids the 2.4Ghz Interference issue

– Use the well regulated sub-1GHz when possible.
Water Meter
Mesh Network with Full Network management Gas Meter
– Self healing, self organizing & self configuration
– Extends the range needed for remotely installed gas/water meters
Battery-2-Battery Network wide communication

– Allows networked battery powered devices with low latency
Easy connectivity to IP networks

– Convergence of Z-Wave and IP (Z/IPTM) E-Meter + Gateway
Strong 2 Tier Security : Z-WaveSec and Z-WaveIPTLS
5
AEC leverages on the existing Z/IP technology
Z/IP combines well proven IP technologies with Z-Wave
Control Z
Z-Wave
Wave Integrated
g Extend the use of
devices End-to-End TCP/IP to home
from anywhere control networks
Extension of Z-Wave Home Enable the direct use of
for use on devices TCP/IP applications
anywhere in the home and Control directly on Z-Wave based
on the Internet devices
Solutions
Follow the p
proven No hard-to-maintain No expensive
p Leverage
g Z-Wave
architecture models application level middleware and capitalize on
9 9 9 9
from the Internet gateways used solutions required Internet protocols
TCP/IP 192.168.32.1 HomeID=0x10001000

Home Network NodeID= 23
E.g. 192.168.1.5 192.168.32.23
192.168.1.1
Presentation
6
AEC : Logical view
Utility / Meter Internet

Network (including Mobile / GSM Networks)
• PLC,
PLC LON
LON, etc
t Any TCP/IP Media
• GPRS / GSM Any Command Class
• WiMAX (Transparent)
• RF (licensed)
Router or
Z-WaveIPTLS
proxy
Any Command Class
(Transparent)
Electricity
Generator /
Basic Meter
PC /
Meter data Set-Top-Box /
Home Controller
Energy
Electricity Controller Energy
Meter Display
Sub-Meter data
Gas
Cold Water (#1) Utility Pool
Cold Water (#2) Reporting Thermostat / Ventilation / (Smart) Other Jacuzzi
… Devices Heating / HVAC Climate Appliances Home Lighting
Warm Water (#1) …
District Heating
Controllers Controller Devices
…
Flexible Meter, Rate, Tariff and DCP data model

Meter Table functions
– The table contains various measured values.
– Flexible size depending on supported values.
Rate Table function

– Optional:
O ti l All
Allows th
the S
Supplier
li tto specify
if simple
i l or sophisticated
hi ti t d parameter
t sets t ffor rates.
t Th
The
table allow Demand Control Plan events from the Supplier to enable specific rates.
Tariff Table functions

– Optional: Allows End user to get an estimate of money spent at different rates etc.
DCP (Demand Control Plan) functions

– Optional: Allows the supplier to mandate/request energy saving during certain periods etc
Prepayment functions.
– Optional: Allows transport of tokens from card and to display balance etc.. to the end user
Rate Table(s) Meter Table(s) Tariff Table(s) Demand Control Plan PrePayment
TOTAL Current Last
n … … … … n … n …
… … … … … … DCP
Band Credits
2 DCP
Band
2 2
1 1 1 Emergency
0 Credits
TOTAL
Min.
Dedts
Max. Device
Characteristics
Device Characteristics
7
Lowest cost AEC implementation
Simple electricity meter and a simple display
– Meter communicates out-of-band with Energy Supplier
– Horstmann trials in UK today
E-Meter
4:22
Display
Meter Table
4:22
Energy Supplier
1 Total Every 23211 kWh
15sec
EMeterUpdateGet
EMeterUpdateReport
Meter Number = 12345678
Device type = E-meter kWh
GPRS/LON
R t ttype= iimportt
Rate
Unit = kWh
factor = 1/1
Rates supported = 1
Min/Max supported = no
history= 0
Optional Optional
Z-WaveSec Present historical
Plug&Play security setup data based on
stored reports
Scalable approach: Adding 2nd Meter

Electricity and Gas meter and a simple display
E-Meter Display
Meter Table 1 4:22 Electricity Gas 4:22
Virtual Every 23211 kWh 211 m3
Node#1 15sec
1 Total Current
Energy Supplier MeterUpdateGet 855 W
MeterUpdateReport
kWh m3
Device type = E-meter
Rate type= import
Unit = kWh
factor = 1/1
Rates supported = 1
history= 0
GPRS/LON
Meter Table 2 Gas Meter
Virtual
Node#2
1 Total
211 m3
Meter Number = 87654321 MeterUpdateGet_beam
Device type = Gas
Rate type=import
Unit = m3 MeterUpdateReport
factor = 1/1 Unsolicitated or
Rates supported = 1 requested through
Min/Max supported = no wakeupbeam
history= 0
8
Scalable approach: Adding the bells and whistles
Electricity meter with Rate, Price, DCP & data logger and a display
E-Meter
4:22 Optional
R t T
Rate Table
bl T fiff Table
Tafiff T bl
Z-WaveSec
or Z-WaveIPTLS
1 ’Standard’ 6am-4pm 1 3
2 ’High cost’ 4pm-9pm 2 8

Energy Supplier
3 ’Low cost’ 9pm-6am 3 1,7 Every
15sec Display
Energy Supplier ID = DONG EMeterUpdateGet 4:22
Currency = DDK
Meter Table EventID = 3322 EMeterUpdateReport
23211 / 88 / 7 kWh
Summarization period?
GPRS/LON
855 W
1 Total When
needed
Current 1200 / 1500 / 2 DKK
DCP Table MeterTableRead
kWh
2 Total MeterTableReport
1 ’Green’
Current
RateTableRead
2 Emergency
3 Total
RateTableReport
Current
’High Cost’
Meter Number = 12345678 TariffTableRead
Rate type= import
Unit = kWh, Factor = 1/1
TafiffTableReport Monday 5:12 – 9:11
Rates supported = 3 TableSize = 2 ’Green Energy’
DCPRead
history= 128 DCPReport
AEC Device classes (DC) and Command classes (CC)
Meter (DC)
– (O) Security CC v1
– (O) Firmware Meta Data CC v1
– (M) Time v1
– (M) Basic Tariff CC v1
AEC Command Classes ((M)) Meter CC v1
– (M) PulseMeter CC v1
(O) Rate Table Setup CC v1 – (M if ZIPD) Z/IP Client CC v1
(O) Rate Table Read CC v1 – (M if ZIPD) Z/IP Server CC v1
(M) Meter Table Setup CC v1 – (M if ZIPD) Z/IP Services CC v1
(M) Meter Table Read CC v1 – (M) AEC CC’s v1
(O) Tarif Table Setup CC v1 – (O) Multilevel Switch CC v2
(O) Tariff Table Read CC v1 – (O) Binary Switch CC v1
– (O) Thermostat Setback CC v1
(O) DCP Setup CC v1 – (O) Thermostat Setpoint CC v1
(O) DCP Read CC v1
(M) MeterUpdate CC v1 Screen (DC)
(O) Prepaid CC v1 – (M) Screen meta Data CC v2
– (O) Time CC v1
– (M) AEC CC’s
CC s v1
Z-Wave Alliance AES Schedule – (O) Basic Tariff CC V1
– (M if Battery powered) Battery CC v1
Expert Draft: Complete – (M if Battery powered) Wakeup CC v2
Expert Review : 22 Sep 2008
Other products (DC)
– (O) DCP Read CC v1
– (O) Time CC v1
– (O) Screen meta Data CC v2
(O) Meter CC v1
9
Presentation
Z-Wave Security support – Flexible, Strong and Low Cost

Nodes exchanging non-personal data
Z-WaveSec v1: High Security level - Lowest cost – Plug & Play
– Confidentiality, Authentication, Fabrication robust – AES128 based
– Network key
– In-band initial key exchange
Nodes exchanging personal data

Z-WaveSec-oob v1 with Z-WaveIPTLS Proxy:
– Symmetric combined with Asymmetric key exchange
– Network keys+ Link Keys
– Easy integration into back office IP systems
– Certificates installed in nodes for Z-WaveIPTLS proxy communication
Z-WaveTLS in Z-wave dual stack nodes:

– Asymmetric key exchange
– Link Keys
– Easy integration into back office IP systems
– Certificates installed in nodes for Z-WaveIPTLS communication
10
Z-WaveIPTLS for AEC nodes
Z-WaveIPTLS is the proven Security Solution for the Meters needing high
© Zensys Inc., 2008- CONFIDENTIAL
securityZ-level and–mature
Wave Security Examples security technologies
Meter (E)
Meter(Gas)
Certificates + Internet +
Privatekey Mobile Networks
Z/IP Certificates + Certificates +
Router Privatekey ZIPD
Privatekey
Local communication 1 Z-WaveSec

AES-128
Standard Internet Security

2
Z-WaveIPTLS: TCP / TLS
Away from home control GW + Proxy
Z-WaveSec with Z- Standard Internet Security Z-WaveSec

1 AES- 128
WaveIPTLS proxy Z-WaveIPTLS: TCP / TLS
Z-WaveIPTLS Standard Internet Security

2
Z-WaveIPTLS: TCP / TLS
GW
Presentation
11
Danish Electricity Savings Trust – My Home tech.
Danish Electricity Savings Trust recommends Z-Wave
The Danish Electricity Saving Trust is a governmental, non-profit organization whose

mandate is to help consumers and public sector institutions save electricity.
Main reasons for recommending Z-Wave:
Z-Wave Alliance and communication protocol are open to everyone at low cost
The hardware comprises an inexpensive chip for integration into devices
Z-Wave Alliance ensures interoperability between Z-Wave-equipped devices
A rapidly growing market share
Low power consumption makes battery-powered
battery powered sensors and switches a reality
30-metre operating distance can be considerably extended thanks to rerouting/meshing
12
Horstmann Dual fuel solution
Electricity and Gas meter and a simple display
E-Meter Display
Meter Table 1 4:22 Electricity Gas 4:22
Virtual Every 23211 kWh 211 m3
Node#1 15sec
1 Total Current
Energy Supplier Basic Tariff_Get 855 W
Basic_tariff_Report
kWh m3
Rate type= import
Unit = kWh
factor = 1/1
Rates supported = 1
history= 0
GPRS/LON
Meter Table 2 Gas Meter
Virtual
Node#2
1 Total
211 m3
Device type = Gas
Rate type=import
Unit = m3 MeterUpdateReport
factor = 1/1
Rates supported = 1
history= 0
Summary: Z-Wave AEC meets all UK ERA Requirements
9 • Ease of installation
•
•
Full Plug and Play setup and Easy standardized IP access from remote location (ZIP architecture).
Fault tolerant Mesh network Architecture
• Using the well regulated 868Mhz Band – Free from the hostile WIFI communication
• Proven Product interoperability through the Z-Wave Alliance
9 • Open Standard
•
•
200 Company wide Z-Wave Alliance – Largest in the Home Control industry
Pin-compatible 2nd source silicon 1H 2009
9 • Long battery lifetime

•
•
Low RX/TX AC powered slaves (17-25mA),
Low leakage for sleeping nodes (<3uA)
• Battery Mesh support: Low virtual-AC powered mesh nodes (30-80uA leakage)
9 • 2 tier Security support

•
•
Plug &Play ultralow cost AES128 security for the many nodes that do not carry personal data
Strong industry grade security for the few nodes carrying personal data (Z-WaveIPRLS)
9 • Mature
•
•
•
5Th Generation SW, 4The Generation HW and Chips – all backwards compatible
Proven in more 300’s different products over 6 years
Future proof through IP convergence – the most successful network technology ever!
9 • Low cost
• Industry's smallest 2.5mm x 2.5mm Chips and 8mm x 8mm modules. Protocol stack below 30kbyte !!
13
ZigBee Smart Energy (2.4GHz)
Presentation to
ERA SRSM Local Communications Forum
2nd Sept 2008
®
Copyright © 2008 ZigBee Alliance. All Rights Reserved.
ZigBee Smart Energy

Introduction
By David Egan, Ember Corporation
ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control

®
That Simply Works
Copyright
Copyright © All
© 2008. 2008 ZigBee
Rights Alliance. All Rights Reserved.
Reserved.
1
Home Area Networks
Key to Advanced Energy Management
Utility AMI
Network
• Home Area Networks are
key component to Smart
Energy Metering / AMI initiatives
Gateway
– Time-of-use pricing
Electric Tstat
Meter – Demand Response / Load
HVAC
System
Control
ZigBee In-Home – Customer choice
Display
HAN • ZigBee is the wireless HAN
Smart
Appliances technology of choice
– Mature, open standard
Home Automation
Water Meter
System – Proven, robust, secure
Lighting Controls – Selected by the leading
Gas Meter
AMI/HAN deployments
ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works 3
Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.
Where to find ZigBee Smart Energy
California
Southern California Regulatory approval; large scale pilot 2008; ZigBee specified for HAN
Edison (SCE)
Pacific Gas & Regulatory approval; large scale pilot 2008; Open Standard specified for HAN,
Electric (PG&E) Using ZigBee Smart Energy
San Diego Gas and Regulatory approval; large scale pilot 2008; Open Standard specified for HAN,
Electric (SDG&E) Using ZigBee Smart Energy
Texas
CenterPoint Filed plans to pilot 250,000 meters with ZigBee Smart Energy
Oncor Filed plans to deploy 3.3M smart meters using ZigBee Smart Energy
Reliant Energy Rolling out ZigBee Smart Energy products to residential customers
TXU Offering free demand response thermostats using ZigBee Smart Energy
Others in USA
Detroit Edison Plan to automate 2.6M electric and 700K gas meters starting in 2009, using
ZigBee Smart Energy
Virginia Dominion putting out 200K unit pilot using ZigBee Smart Energy

2
Where to find ZigBee Smart Energy
Australia
Victoria Mandatory rollout beginning Q1 2009; ZigBee Smart Energy required for HAN
New South Wales Proposal + approval underway
Europe
Gothenburg, ZigBee NAN (Last Mile Communications) in deployment now (300K to Q1
Sweden 2009) with support for future ZigBee HAN (Local Communications) adoption
Others… Various European trials not widely publicised yet, mainly for AMR/NAN/Last
Mile communications

ZigBee Architecture
■ ZigBee is built on top of the IEEE 802.15.4

standard for MAC + PHY
g layer
■ It includes a networking y ((NWK)) for routing
g
APP APP …
ZDO etc. and an application support layer (APS) as
well as configuration (ZDO) and security
APS
services (SSP).
SSP ■ ZigBee also includes application profiles (APP)
NWK which provide definition of devices and
messaging, and ensure interoperability.
MEDIUM ACCESS (MAC) Not all standards and technologies do this!
■ Some other technologies and standards ONLY
PHYSICAL RADIO (PHY) define the MAC+PHY layers, or perhaps also
the NWK layer, but no more.
■ THIS means that a lot of work is still required to
develop a reliable, interoperable solution!
3
ZigBee Smart Energy Profile
• ZigBee Smart Energy (ZSE)

ZigBee Cluster Library
Profile defines HAN behaviors
Application Profiles
Others… Closures Others…
Commercial
Safety
y& Lighting
g g
– Device messaging and actions

B ildi Auto
Building
Home Auto.
A t
Security
HVAC
Measurement Smart Energy
& Sensing General
– Security & authentication

– Network management
• Collaboratively developed
Specification Balloted 1st Wave of – Leading utilities
& Passed Products – AMI meter & comms vendors
Certified
Dec‘07 May‘08 Dec‘08 – Government & regulatory bodies
– Security experts
Multi-vendor “ZigFest” Many more product
Interoperability Events certifications in – Semiconductor & s/w vendors
process
– Industry bodies (OpenHAN, etc.)

How ZigBee Smart Energy Works

1)HAN devices join utility
Utility AMI network
Network
• ESP ((trust center)) & device
authenticates using certificates
• Application-level link keys used
Energy Services
Portal between ESP & device
(Electric Meter or Gateway)
2)Demand Response events
Programmable • Utility sends DR event to ESP
Communicating
Thermostat (PCT)
• ESP forwards to DR device, which
opts ‘in’ or ‘out’ based on consumer
ZigBee In-Home
Display
3)Load Control events
HAN • Utility sends DR event to ESP
• ESP forwards to LC device(s)
Load Control
HVAC
System
Device
4)Pricing messages
• Unsecured messages to any device
8
ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
4
ZSE Security and Authentication
• Security is critical utility requirement

– Smart meter must have secure
communications for safe smart grid
– HAN devices & meters must have strong
authentication to assure authorized devices
and use
• Mature technology assures authentic,
compliant & interoperable devices
– Provides implicit certificates used to
authenticate each meter or HAN device
– Enable communication of unique keys per
device for use with ZigBee AES encryption

Smart Energy & Home Automation
Urgent demand for Smart Energy + compatibility with mainstream

Home Automation systems enables customer choice
Utility AMI
Network
Energy Services
Portal
Programmable
Communicating
Thermostat (PCT)
In-Home
Display
ZigBee
HAN
Load Control
HVAC Device
System
5
ZigBee Smart Energy
Unique Selling Propositions
By David Egan, Ember Corporation

®
That Simply Works
Copyright
Copyright © All
© 2008. 2008 ZigBee
Reserved.
Ecosystem
■ The ZigBee Alliance is a global

ecosystem of 300 technology companies
creating wireless solutions
ireless sol tions for use
se in
energy, home, commercial and industrial
applications.
■ Through interoperability and open
standards, ZigBee Smart Energy supports
an ecosystem of diverse wireless
solutions
l i ffor use iin understanding,
d di
controlling, and automating the
consumption of energy and water.

6
Technology
■ ZigBee Smart Energy is the

Utility AMI
Network only global, open standard
wireless
ireless technolog
technology aavailable
ailable
today that offers interoperability
Energy Services
Portal for understanding, controlling,
and automating consumption of
Programmable
energy and water.
Communicating
Thermostat (PCT)
In-Home ■ ZigBee is also the only global,

Display
open wireless standard used for
ZigBee
Load Control
both local communications and
HAN
HVAC
System
Device last mile communications.

Certification
■ ZigBee certification and compliance tests ensure

ZigBee solutions offer reliable and robust wireless
networking.
■ ZigBee certification and compliance tests ensure
the quality, reliability and interoperability of ZigBee
Smart Energy wireless solutions for understanding,
controlling, and automating the consumption of
energy and water.
■ Test
T t and
d certification
tifi ti provided
id d b
by iindependent
d d t ttestt
houses NTS and TUV
■ The UK could use ZigBee SE certification as the
key component of its smart metering product
certification process.
7
ZigBee SE Certified Products today
Device Num Companies

Electric Meter 4 PRI, Cellnet+Hunt, Itron, LSI
Gas Meter 1 Itron
Gateway / ESP 2 Trilliant, Alektrona
Thermostats 3 Comverge, Energate,
Computime
Controllers 2 Comverge, Greenbox
Smartplug 1 Tendril
In-Home Display 2 PRI, Computime

Competition
■ ZigBee has multiple suppliers (currently

22)) p g the core technology
providing gy used
in wireless solutions for home,
commercial and industrial applications.
■ ZigBee has multiple established
suppliers providing the core technology
used in cost-effective wireless solutions
o u
for understanding,
de sta d g, cocontrolling,
t o g, a and
d
automating the consumption of energy
and water.

8
Smart Energy Key Requirements Summary
Security ZigBee chips have the computing power and, at 2.4GHz, the
bandwidth to support the level of security that utilities demand for
AMI and SE. A high level of security is built into the standard.
Upgradability ZigBee chips support over the air upgrades, whereas many other
wireless solutions do not, and some could not!
Cost Considering ZigBee’s extra capabilities over other solutions, the
cost differential is small and improving as the market takes off.
Open Standard ZigBee is clearly an open global standard, whereas many other
technologies are not.
Silicon Vendors Utilities and meter manufacturers want multiple competitive
suppliers of components to support their projects for 20+ years
years.
ZigBee clearly delivers this, with 22 compliant platforms.
Energy ZigBee has an application profile designed specifically for SE,
Application whereas other technologies do not have this.
Interference ZigBee is designed to handle interference, and often co-exists
with e.g. WiFi in the same device, whereas other technologies
degrade quickly in the face of RF interference.
ZigBee also offers…
■ Scalability to thousands of nodes, which makes it

possible for instance to do last mile communications, as
wellll as local
l l communications.
i ti
■ Flexibility, allowing manufacturers to have devices which
have multiple endpoints (similar to IP ports), some of
which support standard communications (e.g. ZSE), others
which may support private protocols, thus allowing for
innovation and differentiation in the market, as well as
standardisation.
■ Interoperability and Cooperation with other technologies
and standards, e.g. ongoing work with HomePlug Alliance
to support ZigBee Smart Energy across wired as well as
wireless networks.
9
ZigBee at 2.4GHz is future proof
■ Platforms by top silicon vendors and fab-less start-ups

■ Products by
y numerous top
p meter manufacturers and electronics
manufacturers
■ Driven by a board of directors that includes silicon vendors, meter
manufacturers and electronics manufacturers
■ Supported by 300 member companies
■ Based on a proven radio standard, IEEE 802.15.4
■ Good bandwidth availability
y for smart metering
g
■ Good coexistence with other technologies at 2.4GHz
■ Over the air upgradability
■ A standard that is mature in a market that is growing

Summary: Why is ZigBee 2.4GHz

suitable for GB Smart Metering?
Open Standard with multiple vendors of stack and chips
Globally available 2.4GHz frequency
R b t to
Robust t interference,
i t f with
ith 16 channels
h l available
il bl
Backed by many OEMs and silicon manufacturers
Growing use in Smart Metering around the World
Independent Certification Process
Many times more scalable
More bandwidth available
More secure
Much longer battery life
Addresses more markets
More flexibility in profiles, supports innovation by OEMs
10
Note: ZigBee SE at 2.4GHz vs 868MHz
2.4GHz 868MHz
Ecosystem Many vendors of silicon,
silicon Limited number of
software stacks and vendors of silicon and
certified products software stacks.
No certified products.
Technology Globally available Limited geographically

Good bandwidth Limited bandwidth
Acceptable range Good range
Certification Available, proven Not available

Competition Very active competition Limited competition

PRI Experience with

ZigBee Smart Energy
B John
By J h C
Cowburn,
b PRI

®
That Simply Works
Copyright
Copyright © All
© 2008. 2008 ZigBee
Reserved.
11
PRI experience with
ZigBee Smart Energy
■ Multi source advantage of ZigBee
►PRI have used ZigBee solutions from four
different silicon and stack providers for product
developments. Changing platform provider has
been relatively easy.
►The first batch ZigBee Smart Energy certified
products are on both TI and Ember platforms.
Some use application builder others are home
grown implementations

PRI experience with

ZigBee Smart Energy
■ Smart Energy development
►Profile has been developed by a consortium
made up of the world’s major metering
companies as well as home control and data
management providers.
►The test specification was itself tested during as
part of the Profile approvals events to ensure
test harnesses and methods were de-bugged.
►Security was a big concern with the utilities,
additional PKI security had to be added to
satisfy utility requirements for key exchange.

12
PRI experience with
ZigBee Smart Energy
■ Smart Energy development (continued)
► Four pre-test events were held to ensure the specifications were
correct and un
un-ambiguous.
ambiguous
► The certification event required participants to show
interoperability between at least two other platforms plus a test
harness.
Devices included:
– Electricity & Gas meters and Energy Service Portals
– Displays
– Thermostats
– Load controllers and smart appliances
► Allproducts have to meet a minimum set of mandatory features

and any additional options must be fully tested if enabled.

PRI experience with

ZigBee Smart Energy
■ Smart Energy future development
►Extra features are to be added in an enhanced
version of the spec to be released in Q4 ’08.
This will be backwards compatible.
Prepayment
Complex metering
Australian requirements
►UK specific features could be added if required.

13
Trilliant view of ZigBee and
ZigBee Smart Energy
By
y Kevin
e House,
ouse, Trilliant
a t

®
That Simply Works
Copyright
Copyright © All
© 2008. 2008 ZigBee
Reserved.
What do we know?
Trilliant’s credentials:
Leading global supplier of smart metering, in-home (demand response) and
smart grid solutions, built upon open standards
Developer of RF mesh solutions, utilising IEEE802.15.4 chipsets
One of the larger individual users of these chips at present (>750k meters deployed)
Supplier of the largest RF mesh deployment in the world*
Open advocate of systems and platform interoperability, supporting various HAN

alternatives, including ZigBee
Key contributor to creation of ZigBee Smart Energy Profile
Developer of a full-specification, certified ZigBee Energy Services Portal
First to demonstrate working prototypes in early 2007
Achieved full certification on the inaugural certification day
Has demonstrated interoperability with various ZigBee device manufacturers
*as far as we know ☺

14
Trilliant experience and opinions of ZigBee
Open standard IEEE802.15.4 at 2.4GHz is an excellent physical foundation

We chose it too ☺
Ideal combination of design parameters for smart energy and HAN purposes
‘Open silicon’ - supplier diversity for chips, from many manufacturers
Access to expansive developer community, which will continue to advance it
ZigBee has the potential to utilise external advances in IEEE802.15.4
ZigBee offers a full stack solution – including application profile for energy
ZigBee Smart Energy Profile provides fairly thorough coverage for initial energy-
related in-home needs
Early days. Will continue to develop and expand with market requirements and
innovations
Recent experience of integrating additional Victoria requirements was very positive
Low typical power levels may present difficulties in certain physical scenarios e.g. high-
rises, but this can be overcome with creative techniques

Evaluating ZigBee for the UK – Trilliant’s view
ZigBee appears to be a very credible contender

Delivers on the majority of requirements, and should be able to incorporate the remainder, including
room to extend
Has strong backing from large community (including Trilliant)
We don’t believe you need to lock the UK into a single choice

There is room for multiple options
The cost of keeping options open is less than the cost of choosing (poorly)
ZigBee and others can coexist and could even interoperate
Support the development of multiple options, and others that will appear in future
Get involved in their working groups and help lead their evolution
The marketplace will deliver the best options if given the opportunity
But if you must choose

Be sure to pick a strong physical platform, so you have the option to evolve

15
ZigBee in UK Homes
Alertme Experience
® 31
ZigBee Experience in UK Homes - Alertme
■ Thousands of ZigBee nodes in UK homes

► No interference problems, very few range issues
► All custo e s self-install
customers se sta with
t online
o e instructions
st uct o s
► No support calls generated by installation process
■ Full coverage in 80% of homes with single-hop transmission
► Coordinator on ground floor, transmitting at +5dBm (unamplified)
► Sensor nodes transmitting at +3dBm (unamplified)
► Isotropic chip antenna on all nodes (suboptimal for range)
■ 5 years battery life for sensor nodes sending heartbeat every 2 minutes
► 850mAh LiMn02 CR2 battery
■ Experimented with nodes where meter normally resides
► Indoor meter location, no issues, connectivity always good
► Outdoor meter location, worked most of the time, periods of poor
connectivity
16
Alertme – Suggestions for UK Smart
Meters using ZigBee
ZigBee user experience is good, self-installation is easy
ZigBee propagation in UK homes is generally good even if not

transmitting at maximum permitted power levels and even if
not relying on mesh network for propagation.
To minimise connectivity problems from smart meters located

outside the home;
■ Add PA to amplify TX power to +10dBm (10mW)
► perhaps also use LNA in meter node
■ Choose antenna to maximise range

ERA Evaluation Criteria

Brief Responses
p
® 34
17
ERA Evaluation Criteria (1-7)
Criteria ZigBee Considerations

1. Low customer intervention Standard commissioning, OTA upgrade
2 Ease of installation
2. installation, discovery Standard commissioning,
commissioning OTA discovery,
discovery
IEEE Address, Certificates
3. Minimise site visits Self healing mesh, OTA upgrade
4. Development tools for Smart Multiple vendors supporting ZigBee and
Energy Smart Energy, plus tools vendors
5. Ease of integration into products, System-on-chip and Network Coprocessor
size chips available, tiny modules available, choice
of antenna
6. Scope to accommodate specific GB extensions to Smart Energy Profile if
GB requirements required could be proposed and introduced
into the standard by any Alliance members
7. Status as Open Standard 300 members including semiconductor,
electronics, meter manufacturers, utilities,
22 platform vendors, independent certification

8. Supports data exchange formats Implementations open to use Smart Energy
profile, or customised data formats
profile
9. Genuine choice and competition 22 ZigBee Compliant Platforms, at least 9
different chip vendors.
10. Interoperable chipsets All ZigBee Compliant Platforms and chipsets
are tested against golden platforms before
certification. Regular interop events.
11. Effort required to include GB Could be zero! Likely to be minor
requirements modifications, small effort required.
12. No. nodes supported in each Theoretically 65,000, in practice hundreds to
HAN thousands depending on traffic model.
13. Power consumption 23-35mA in RX or TX without PA, likely

<100mA TX with PA. Sleepy End Devices
ideal for low power consumption & Gas.
18

14. Support for low power nodes Direct support for Sleepy End Devices
15. Effective Data Throughput Effective data throughput varies depending on
options. Best case point to point is 50kbit/s,
worst case across 5-7 hops >10-15kbit/s with
security, acks, retries etc.
16. Robustness DSSS, APS and MAC acknowledgements,
APS and MAC retries, Automatic self-healing
mesh routing.
17. Typical range 200-400m LOS typical without PA (+5dBm)
600m 1Km LOS typical with PA (+10dBm)
600m-1Km
18. Suitability for GB meter Recommend PA for point to point comms.
requirements and placement Routers in network would eliminate need.
19. Vulnerability to Signal Coexists well with other 2.4GHz technologies

Interference due to DSSS, listen before talk and retry
mechanisms, even when in same channel.

20. Coping with interference Frequency agility mechanism, 16 channels
21. Blocking immunity in transceiver Differs from transceiver to transceiver – need
to address individual vendors for data.
22. Strength/Resilience of security AES-128 is well proven and robust encryption.
methods Network and APS link keys are standard.
Certicom ECC is proven and robust.
23. Ability to use rolling keys Rolling keys are a part of the standard.
24. Separating public/private data, Supports Application Link Keys which can be
utilities etc.
etc different for each device.
device Supports digital
certificates and public key exchange methods
25. Support for Over-the-air Most vendors support over the air bootloading
upgrades of meters etc. of remote devices.
26. Support for security upgrades OTA upgrade could include security upgrade.
27. Backwards compatibility Guaranteed by the standard.
19

28. Longevity of frequency Based on IEEE standards and operating in
global license free band.
29. Longevity of solution Supported by 300 silicon vendors, electronics
manufacturers, meter manufacturers, utilities!
30. Total cost per home This will vary more depending on meter,
display etc. than technology. ZigBee comms
adds < $20-$30 per home (3 devices)
31. Mean Time Between Failures Industry standards apply, need to address
vendors independently for their statistics
32. Use in equivalent Smart Meter e.g. CA, TX and Detroit (US), Victoria (Aus),
deployments both HAN and Gothenburg (Sweden, AMR)
33. Use in analagous applications Used also in Home Automation, Building
Automation, Industrial, Healthcare.
34. Expectation of new versions Changes are likely to be infrequent and
guaranteed to be backwards compatible.

35. Vendor capacity to meet Most ZigBee silicon vendors capable of
demands scaling to meet demand, and scaling already.
36. Availability of non-metering Currently 250 products on the market, many
products that could be useful to not certified, but using ZigBee technology,
smart metering mostly Home Automation and Smart Energy.
Already some thermostats and displays are
certified for ZigBee Smart Energy, expect
many more before end of 2008.

20
ERA Support for Last Mile Questions

LM1. Support for Last Mile Yes, scalability, range and protocol supports.
LM2. Nodes per concentrator Depends on practicalities of traffic, certainly
200 to 1000 nodes possible per concentrator.
LM3. Average perturbation No good data available publicly, need to go to
(urban/suburban/rural) AMR solution suppliers.
1Km LOS typical with PA at 10mW/+10dBm,
100m-200m through buildings likely
LM4. Cost of data concentrator Need to discuss with solution providers.
equipment
LM5. Use in other last mile Best example is Gothenburg, Sweden.
deployments 270,000 electric and gas meters. Being
deployed at the moment.
LM6. Range of WAN upstream Most are using GSM / GPRS today, but other
media supported by concentrators implementations possible.

Summary: Why is ZigBee 2.4GHz

suitable for GB Smart Metering?
Open Standard with multiple vendors of stack and chips
Globally available 2.4GHz frequency
R b t to
Robust t interference,
i t f with
ith 16 channels
h l available
il bl
Backed by many OEMs and silicon manufacturers
Growing use in Smart Metering around the World
Independent Certification Process
Many times more scalable
More bandwidth available
More secure
Much longer battery life
Addresses more markets
More flexibility in profiles, supports innovation by OEMs
21
Thank you!
Questions?
® 43
22
Coronis Systems
ERA SRSM Project

ERA-SRSM
Wavenis, the ultra-low power,

long-range wireless alternative
London, September 2, 2008
Michael Modjeska & Christophe Dugas
Agenda
z Introduction
z Markets
z Wavenis wireless technology
z Wavenis-enabled OEM products by Coronis
z Metering with Wavenis
1
Introduction
What is Wavenis?
z Wavenis is wireless technology explicitly desiged

f ultra-low-power
for lt l andd long-range
l applications
li ti
A world class wireless platform with ultra-

low-power and long-range capabilities
Technology for advanced metering

solutions and OEM platforms for
system integrators, manufacturers
and value-added resellers
2
Who is Coronis?
z Coronis Systems
¾ Coronis based in Montpellier, France
¾ Coronis Inc. established in 2005 (Chicago, USA)
¾ Coronis office in China in 2006 (Shanghai, China)
¾ Coronis Staff: 53 people
¾ Wavenis ULP long range wireless platform, products and services
¾ 7M€ / 12M€ / 25M€ revenue 2007/2008/2009
z Deployment
¾ 3,000,000 Wavenis products deployed by Q4 2008
¾ 500,000+ Wavenis enabled units on order
¾ Networks of up to 100,000 end-points
What are Wavenis markets?

Î Requirements
z Common needs for hard-to-reach

ultra-low-power
lt l d i
devices
¾ Low data quantities
¾ Low radio traffic
¾ Long battery life
¾ High radio link budget
¾ Low cost
¾ Entry to the WAN
3
What are Wavenis markets?
Î Sensor and control markets
Long-range
UHF RFID Environment/Agribusiness
Metering
Home
Industry
Security &
Alarms
Building
Chemical, Nuclear,
Healthcare Biotech
Some of our customers
4
Flexible time-to-market solutions
Customers choose the platform that meets their

development and commercial needs
What are the business cases?
Application stack
options
z Customer metering
and M2M (on-board)
z Coronis metering
(on-board)
z OEM application
on external MCU
5
Wavenis-based metering products
Wavenis-enabled OEM products
6
Metering Case Study
Wavenis wireless metering network
7
z Les Sables d’Olonnes
¾ French vacation destination
¾ Challenge: avoid summer rush of reading meters manually
(only possible when people present)
¾ 25,000 water meters
¾ Entire city covered
8
Key points
SITE FACTS
1. 70 radio modules installed / person / week

3. 99% quality response upon 1st read
4. 4,000 m3 water saved by leak-detection alarms
5. 10 hours to read entire site
6. Return on investment: 3.5 years
Installation recommendation
1 Wavecell gateway Î 200 Wavetalk repeaters

Î 2,000 Waveflow end-points
9
What’s up next?
Our future
z Continuity of strategy
¾ Deployment of metering and M2M solutions
z Wavenis system-on-chip
¾ Even more optimal and at a lower cost
z Wavenis Open Standard Alliance
¾ Driving Wavenis towards standardization
10
Wavenis Technology
Overview
Competitive wireless landscape
WAN Capabilities
p
Low Consumption
& Long Range
RF
consumer
Cost
Advantage
11
Wavenis technology positioning
PROTOCOL Blue
Blue- ZigBee KNX Z-Wave
Z Wave io home
io-home
tooth control
io-home
RF 802.15.1 802.15.4 KNX Z-Wave control
WAVENIS
z Spread spectrum: state-of-the-art wireless solutions

¾ Bluetooth (FHSS), ZigBee (DSSS), UWB (pulse), WiFi (DSSS)
¾ High reliability, robustness against interferers, coexistence, low cost
z Mono-channel: conservative
¾ KNX-RF, Z-wave, io-homecontrol & many others
¾ Easy to design, low cost, but poor reliability
¾ Much less robustness against interferers and poor coexistence capability
Wavenis trade-off
Low cost Ultra low-power
R li bilit
Reliability L
Long range
12
Technology comparison table
Bluetooth ZigBee Z-wave WiFi Wavenis

Frequency band 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz/ 868MHz 2.4 GHz/ 433/868/915MHz
5.2 GHz 915MHz 5.2 GHz 2,4GHz
Data rate 1 Mbps 250 kcps few kbps 5.5/11MHz 4,8 / 19,2 typ / 100kbps
PHY FHSS / GFSK DSSS Mono-channel / DSSS/ OFDM FHSS / GFSK

FSK
Reliability +++ +++ - + +++
Low Power + ++ ++ - +++
Long Range - - + + +++
Low Cost + ++ ++ - +++
Indoor Range
g - (10m) - (20m) + (50m) + (50m) +++ (up to 200m)
Mesh network - ++ - - +++
Standard protocol +++ +++ - +++ ++ (designed with

Bluetooth extension
capabilities
Availability +++ - +++ +++ +++
Deployment +++ - + +++ ++
Fundamentals of Wavenis
z RF features
¾ ISM licence free bands

- 868MHz (EU), 915MHz (US), 433MHz (China)
- 2.4GHz could be considered but not preferred
¾ GFSK modulation
¾ FHSS spread spectrum @ 50kHz Bandwidth channels
¾ Programmable output power (power savings)
¾ QoS management (RSSI, energy counter, class of device, …)
¾ Automatic Frequency Control (top performance over full lifespan)
¾ Automatic Sensitivity Control (avoid false wake-up in noisy area)
13
Fundamentals of Wavenis – Cont’d
z Long range (high link budget)
¾ Low data rate

- 4,8kbps min < 19,2kbps typical < 100kbps max
¾ Very high sensitive receiver
- -113dBm @ 19,2kbps (vs -93dBm @ Bluetooth, ZigBee)
¾ Programmable output power
- 2 classes: +14dBm (25mW) & +27dBm (500mW)
¾ Radio range extender
- native repeater function in all Wavenis devices
¾ Link budget
- 127dB with 25mW only // 1km LOS and -3dBi coil antennas
z Reliable transmissions: FHSS + FEC + Data interleaving

¾ FHSS: Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum
- Fast hopping: every 2 bytes
- Min 16 hops (out of x50 channels)
¾ FEC: Forward Error Correction : BCH(31,21) coding with 1/3 redundancy
¾ Data interleaving = data scrambling
¾ Digital noise spreading (equivalent to DSSS)
NB) Encryption (RSA, DES, 3-DES…)

¾ Upon customer request on Session layer
=> Maximize transmission success on the 1st attempt

=> Data processing equivalent to digital noise spreading
14
z Wavenis data frame
¾ Frame consists of 32-byte packets

¾ How many packets per frame? Depends on payload data:
- Min = 1 (fits most cases)
- Max = 8
¾ Packet 1 consists of 5 bytes of payload data
¾ Packets 2-8 consist of 21 bytes of payload data

z Network Management
¾ Point-to-point, broadcast, repeater

¾ Tree, star, mesh WSN topologies
¾ Self-organizing & self-healing algorithm
¾ Optimized for large scale & high density WSN
¾ Straightforward use for any small & large WSN Star
topology
R
Remotet
monitoring Tree
and topology
management
PCs &
servers
Network
installation Mesh
and topology
configuration
15
Wavenis fixed WSN
z Relaxed network synchronization

¾ Synchronization beacon sent every 88mn
¾ Carrier Freq: pseudo-random sequence hops
z Initialization
¾ Semaphore channel (Fs - dedicated to start-up mode) is added to Fm
channel (pseudo-random sequence) every 5 seconds
z Operating mode
¾ Receive / Standby duty cycle of 1s typ (access time of 1s max)
¾ Carrier Freq: pseudo-random sequence hops
¾ Communication can be initialized either by the node or by the access point
with deterministic time
Why not adopt IEEE 802.15.4
z Shorter range
¾ More than 20dB less sensitive than Wavenis ((-90dBm vs -113dBm))
¾ Shorter range compensated by mesh algo
¾ Mesh algo impacts power consumption and access time
z More costly overall network
¾ 3 different types of devices: RFD, FFD, PAN coordinator
¾ No direct link between two RFD
¾ Mesh algo applied between FFD or PAN only
z Less efficient @2.4GHz vs sub-GHz
¾ 8dB propagation
8dB+ ti losses
l att 2.4GHz
2 4GH vs sub-GHz
b GH
¾ Silicon at 2.4GHz more power hungry vs sub-GHz
¾ Coexistence issue @ 2.4GHz
z DSSS @ 868MHz less efficient due to narrowband
16
Wavenis
Standardization
Standardization strategy
z Leverage deployment
z Provide Bluetooth extension capabilities
z Wavenis Open Standard Alliance
17
Bluetooth extension
capabilities
Vision of a global Bluetooth coverage
Regular + ULP-long range extension
18
Why to extend Bluetooth?
• Highly reliable technology

• Low power profile
Low-power
• Accepted standard with shipments of millions units/day
• Naturally open to WANs
• Re-use mobile phones & PDAs for new remote services
(control applications, security, home, industry, metering)
• Make it possible to get a coherent overall Bluetooth solution
to serve low-energy, ultra-low-power and long-range, and high
rate apps
• Avoid costly gateways (HW + protocol stack)
• Offer emerging markets a highly efficient alternative to
increasingly sophisticated low-cost proprietary solutions and
ZigBee
Wavenis
Open Standard Alliance
19
Wavenis Open Standard Alliance
z Following requests by customers, prospects,

and major R&D labs
z To increase Wavenis exposure vs. competition
z Accelerate Wavenis standardization process
z Connections with complementary organizations
z www.wavenis-osa.org
z Up and running since June 2008
Thank You
Q&A
Contact us
christophe.dugas@coronis.com
20
Bluetooth low energy
Robin Heydon, CSR plc
Copyright CSR plc 2008 Robin Heydon Page 1
What is Bluetooth?
Bluetooth is:
worldwide registered / protected trademark
recognised brand
a standard
Very successful
~2.5 billion devices

What is Bluetooth?

thesis
all widely successful technologies will be used

in other unintended applications
other applications for Bluetooth?

other applications for Bluetooth?
tip ?

Bluetooth low energy
Kept Changed
Adaptive Frequency Hopping Acknowledgement Scheme
L2CAP multiplexing layer Lower Power Connections
Profiles and Protocol concepts Faster Data Transactions
Proven Qualification System Star-Bus topology
Profile Testing System Longer Range
Unplugfests More Devices in Piconet
who is low energy ?
7 layers Accel Marvell

Anritsu Atheros Nordic
AT4 Wirelesss Broadcom NXP
Frontline CSR Qualcomm
IVT Cypress SiRF
Rhode & Schwarz EM Micro ST Micro
Infineon Texas Instruments
ISSC Toshiba

Architecture
Meter Service Class
Sensor Profile
Attribute Profile
Attribute Protocol
L2CAP (multiplexing)
Bluetooth “Chip”
Some numbers...
Number of devices active within a network = 4000

Number of devices “able to be connected” within an area = unlimited
Max power draw = < 15 mA (suitable for coin cell battery)
Signal topology = Star
Real topology = Star Bus
Data rate (physical) = 1 Mb/s
Data rate (application) = ~200 kb/s
Range (raw) = ~50 meters
Range (LNA/PA) = ~500 meters

Students !!!
http://www-control.eng.cam.ac.uk/~pcr20/papers/PEMD2004.pdf
Bluetooth Robust?
Narrow Band Signals

Adaptive Frequency Hopping
Forward Error Correction
Fast Acknowledgment
Cyclic Redundancy Checks at Radio
Additional CRC’s at L2CAP (optional)

Bluetooth longevity
Bluetooth SIG : 1998
Working Specification : 2001
Automotive Industry require 10 year life for chips

Harsh Environment
Temperature / Vibrations
Cost ?
Bluetooth today:
2008 ASP = US$1.60 (£0.89)
2012 ASP = US$1.20 (£0.67)
Bluetooth low energy:

Expected to be 50% below price

Volume ?
Bluetooth today:
1 Billion chips / year
Goal:
2 Billion chips / year
15 million chips a year...

Bluetooth enabled portable media players
Bluetooth automation market
Summary
Bluetooth low energy can meet requirements for Metering

Robust / Low Power / Star-Bus
Industry support is extensive

Test / Silicon Vendors / Software / System Integration
Security issues need to be addressed

Can’t rely on security of physical channel
Bluetooth does vertical solutions - can help you solve this

thank you
Robin Heydon rh@csr.com

Global Standards - CTO Office www.csr.com
www.csrsupport.com
CSR plc
Churchill House
Cambridge Business Park
Cowley Road Mobile: +44 (0)7795 035468
Cambridge, CB4 0WZ Switchboard: +44 (0)1223 692000
United Kingdom Fax: +44 (0)1223 692001

IEEE802.15.4
sub--1 GHz
IEEE 802.15.4 / ZigBEE at sub
ATMEL – Microcontroller Wireless Solutions

Sascha Beyer
local communication development

An ERA Smart Metering Initiative
Content
Presentation Overview
1. Overview Frequency Assignment / Radio Propagation

2. Coexistence / Interference Scenarios
3. Propagation Environment
4. Physical Layer – Atmel ZigBee Solutions
5. Practical Investigations – Coverage, Range
6. Conclusions / Summary
September 2, 2008 2
Introduction to WPAN – The Wireless Space
The wireless space
WWAN
Range (Meters)
n
WMAN p tio
um
o ns
erC
w
Po
WLAN est
L ow
WPAN
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Data Rate (Mbps)
September 2, 2008 3
Frequency Assignment (1)
Overview – Frequency Assignement
- IEEE802.15.4 uses only unlicensed ISM radio bands to ensure a worldwide

acceptance and applicability
1. First generation IEEE802.15.4 solutions are operating at 2.4 GHz
2. Second generation IEEE802.15.4 devices using sub-1GHz ISM bands
• 868 - 870 MHz: ITU Region 1: e.g. Europe, Middle East, …
channel #0; ERP < 25 mW (+13.9 dBm)
• 902 - 928 MHz: ITU Region 2: e.g. North/South America, also Australia, …
channel #1 … 10 ; EIRP ≤ 1.0W (+30.0 dBm)
• 950 – 956 MHz: 802.15.4d, Japan, under development
• 779 – 787 MHz: 802.15.4c, China, under development
sub-1 GHz range and limited channel capacity are the biggest BENEFIT
Lower frequency band provides extra link budget at higher sensitivity
Limited channel capacity does not attract data streaming services
September 2, 2008 4
Overview – Frequency Assignement
- IEEE802.15.4 sub-1 GHz Frequency bands and data rates
- Definitions for Japan and China are in separate specifications

Reference: IEEE802.15.4TM-2006, Table 1
September 2, 2008 5
Region 1: ERC/REC 70-3 and Harmonized Standard EN300220
- IEEE802.15.4 assigned channel 0 in 868 band, channel 1…10 in 915 band

- ERC/REC 70-03 and EN 300 220 allocating 3 bands for ISM usage
Band Power Density Max. TX Duty

Power1 Cycle
or LBT
[MHz] [dBm/100 kHz] [dBm] %
863 – 870 -4.5 -1.3 / +5.4 0.1 / y
868.0 – 868.6 +6.2 +13.9 1/y
865 - 868 +6.2 +9.4 / +13.4 1/y
865 - 870 +0.8 +4.0 / +8.0 0.1 / y
Notes
1 868 MHz band BPSK and O-QPSK 400kHz BW
No duty cycle limit applies when LBT is used
September 2, 2008 6
LBT – Listen Before Talk
- Listen Before Talk can be used to increase duty cycle

- Important Parameters are:
TX-off time: >100ms (minimum time between 2 transmissions)
Listen time: 5ms if channel is free at begin of listen interval
5..10ms if channel is busy at start of listen interval
(pseudo-random, 0.5ms step size)
TX-on time: < 1s
TX polling sequence: < 4s
LBT threshold: -87 dBm (TX power < 100 mW, BW = 200kHz)
Acknowledge: allowed w/o LBT
September 2, 2008 7
Unlicensed 2.4 GHz ISM band (1)
- IEEE802.15.4 assigned channel 11 … 26 in 2.4 GHz band

- Despite IEEE802.15.4 is a low-power standard, regional regulatory bodies
allow the usage of higher transmit powers
- Europe: up to 100 mW (+20 dBm)
- US: up to 1W (+30 dBm)
- Japan: up to 10 mW/MHz
- The wide bandwidth of 2.4 GHz ISM band is attractive for a growing number of
applications sharing this band
- Wireless LAN (WLAN, with various flavours like 802.11a|b|g|n)
- Proprietary applications (TV and audio streaming, HID, remote control, …)
- Bluetooth (BT, BT-EDR, ULP-BT), Wireless USB, RFID
- Cordless phones
- Microwave ovens
- IEEE802.15.4 provides several mechanisms that enhance coexistence with

other wireless devices
September 2, 2008 8
Unlicensed 2.4 GHz ISM band (2)
- Previous coexistence tests investigating the 2.4 GHz interference situation

demonstrating effects between co-located systems
- Effects on IEEE802.15.4 implementations are
- Blocked channels, packet loss
- Increased latency
- Error floor
- Recommendation to overcome such situations are typically

- Increase physical distance between co-located systems
- Frequency hopping
- ZigBee Specification 2007 introduces channel selection management

- A “Network Manager” is a device which implements network management
functions … , including PAN ID conflict resolution and frequency agility
measurements …
- This function adds complexity to a 2.4 GHz, extra effort for observing and
controlling the network
September 2, 2008 9
Content
1. Overview Frequency Assignment / Radio Propagation

September 2, 2008 10
Coexistence (1)
Coexistence / Interferences (1)
- IEEE802.15.4 / ZigBee mechanisms enhancing coexistence (1):

1. CCA using CS and ED
- Collision avoidance mechanism (CSMA-CA), applied to 2.4G and sub-1 GHz
- ED and LQI are measurements used for CSMA-CA to characterize interference situations
2. Dynamic Channel Selection

- Not required for 868 MHz
- Mandatory for 2.4 GHz – requires resources and time, increase power consumption
- ChannelList parameters are to be adapted for varying interference scenarios
- Adaptive Frequency Hopping is not likely to implement due to limited channels (16)
3. Modulations schemes
- 2.4 GHz O-QPSK (sine shaped, MSK equivalent) allows a power-efficient modulation
scheme
- Sub-1 GHz bands using bandwidth limited modulation schemes
- 868 MHz is not affected by adjacent/alternate channel interferences
- 915 MHz has typically a higher selectivity due to narrowband characteristic
Coexistance (2)
Coexistence / Interferences (2)
- IEEE802.15.4 / ZigBee mechanisms enhancing coexistence (2):

4. Low duty cycle
- IEEE802.15.4 specification is tailored for application with low power and low data rate
- Typical applications are anticipated to run with low duty cycle as well
- A low duty cycle reduces the risk of interferences
- Battery operated devices suffer from increasing duty cycle
5. Channel alignment
- Not required for 868 MHz
- Mandatory for 2.4 GHz – requires resources and time, increase power consumption
- 2.4 GHz channel alignment reduces the number of available channels significantly
- 4 out of 16 channels in guard bands between 802.11b
- Interferences in guard bands are likely due 802.11 TX side lobes
6. Low transmit power

- Applicable to all 802.15.4 bands
- Sub-1 GHz systems are likely to operate at lower power because of
- Better propagation conditions, and
- Less interferences
Content
1. Overview Radio Propagation / Frequency Assignment

Propagation Environment
- A ZigBee network installation requires knowledge about propagation

conditions and environmental interference situations
- A link budget calculation is a first estimate to compare IEEE 802.15.4
implementations
- The link budget takes technical parameters of the system into account, like
- Receiver sensitivity
- Transmit Power
- Antenna Gain
- The calculation of a certain path loss requires further knowledge about the
operating frequency of the network
- Operating frequency sub-1 GHz vs. 2.4 GHz
Free Space Propagation (1)
- A simple model is used to determine the loss in a transmission link that would
be expected under Free Space Conditions (direct-ray model)
- Free space condition assumes an ideal environment without any objects that
absorb or reflect any radio energy of the transmitter or receiver
- A free space loss calculation based on Friis transmission equation calculates
the TX power flux density to determine the received power:
n
⎛ λ ⎞
Prx = Ptx ⋅ ⎜ ⎟ ; n = 2*
⎝ 4πd ⎠
- The path loss Lpath is calculated as the relation between received and
transmitted power:
n
⎛λ ⎞
L path = ⎜ ⎟ ⋅ f n ⋅ d n; n = 2*
⎝c⎠
- Exemplary, a comparison between IEEE802.15.4 implementations is shown

to emphasize the effect of different ISM frequency bands
AT86RF231 AT86RF212 Unit

Frequency band 2400 868 868 915 MHz
TX Power +3 +3 +5 +10 dBm
Modulation O-QPSK O-QPSK BPSK BPSK
Data Rate 250 100 20 40 kb/s
Sensitivity -101 -101 -110 -108 dBm
Link budget 104 104 115 120 dB
Free space range 1,6 4,4 15,5 26,1 km
x 2.8
Conclusion: sub-1 GHz adds to IEEE 802.15.4 systems

• Increased range due to the lower frequency band, and
• increased sensitivity by running a lower data rate
- A free space model does not assume any impact of reflection, diffraction or
multipath
- Multipath (multi-ray) is a typical scenario for wireless private area networks
- A 1st order multipath model assumes the impact of a ground wave as it is
expected for systems operating in conventional environments
-10
- Multipath scenarios
-20
shows partly a
868 MHz
-30 significant increase of
Path Loss [dB]
-40
2.4 GHz the path loss caused
by destructive
-50
multipath characteristic of
-60 various signal paths
LOS
-70 - 868 MHz is more
-80
robust against signal
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 degradation
Distance [m]
Other Propagation Effects
- Phenomena's affecting the wave propagation are:

- Multipath propagation
- Operation of WPANs in buildings is characterized by multipath
- Causes of multipath are reflections, refractions and attenuation by walls, furniture
and other equipment
- Effects of multipath are constructive or destructive, phase shift or attenuation
- Effects vary over time by changing the setup or varying operational conditions
- Absorption by liquids or gases

- H2O absorbs energy caused by the high molecular dipole moment of the water
molecules, critical for 2.4 GHz operation => “water meter operation”
Conclusion
A sub-1 GHz WPAN is less affected by
multipath propagation and absorption effects
Content

802.15.4 Physical Layer
PHY Implementation Details: 868 MHz vs. 2.4 GHz

AT86RF212 AT86RF231 2.4 GHz Unit
Sub-1 GHz 2.4 GHz Competition
Supported Standards
802.15.4-2003
802.15.4-2006
ISM / proprieatary
Current Consumption
SLEEP 0.1 0.02 0.03 uA
Idle 0.4 0.4 1.6 mA
RX 9 13.5 22.3 mA
TX (comparable link 11.5 (-6 dBm) 14.3 (+3 dBm) 25.8 (0 dBm) mA
budget, 1.55 km)
RX Sensitivity
BPSK-20 -110 dBm
OQPSK-100 -101 dBm
OQPSK-250 -100 -101 -98 dBm
TX Output Power
Pout, max +11 +3 +5 dBm
Pout, min -11 -17 -18 dBm
Symbol Times, Frame Duration: 868 MHz vs. 2.4 GHz

868 MHz 2.4 GHz Unit
AT86RF212 AT86RF231
Symbol Period
BPSK-20 50 μs
OQPSK-100 25 μs
OQPSK-250 16 16 μs
Header Duration PSDU Duration Unit

SHR PHR 20 50 127
802.15.4 – 868 / 915 MHz
BPSK-20 2 0.4 8 20 50.8 ms
OQPSK-100 0.25 0.08 1 2.5 6.35 ms
OQPSK-250 0.16 0.032 0.64 1.6 4.064 ms
+56%
802.15.4 – 2.4 GHz
OQPSK-250 0.16 0.032 0.64 1.6 4.064 ms
Sub-1 GHz specifies optional data rates (OQPSK-100) to reduce frame duration
PHY Power Consumption / Life Time: 868 MHz vs. 2.4 GHz
current Nx repeated
...
t_LIFS t_SIFS t_LIFS
period = 60s time
868 MHz OQPSK100 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz Unit

AT86RF212 AT86RF231 Competition
Relative Life Time (PSDU = 127 octets), MCU typ. 2.5mA active
CSMA-CA cycles 2 4 4
Pout -6 +3 +5 dBm
PathLoss 95 104 103 dB
Distance 1,55 1,56 1,39 km
Life Time Difference -4,7 0 -41 %
- 2.4 GHz need for channel search algorithm, increased data rate and
restrictive timing requirements will balance the difference
Content

Practical Investigations
IEEE802.15.4 Transceiver AT86RF212 – sub-1 GHz (1)
- Beside link budget calculations real

measurements are performed to demonstrate the
performance of low-power, high performance
IEE802.15.4 transceivers
- A typical battery operated node consist of
- The radio transceiver
- The microcontroller
- The antenna I/F
- Interfaces
AT86RF212 at 868 MHz – Indoor Coverage (Office)
PER [%] AT86RF212 AT86RF231

Office Building
Frequency 868 MHz 2.4 GHz
PTX = +3 dBm
Modulation BPSK-20 OQPSK-100 OQPSK-250
PSDU = 20 octets
Channel #0 #0 #11 # Frames = 10.000
P2 – P4 0 0 0
P2 – P5 0.34 0.16 9.4 Building 5 floors + garage
P2 – P6 0 0 7.6 Side view
P2 – P7 0 1.4 100 P2 4F
P2 – P8 2.9 100 100
P4 P5 3F
Building 5 floors + garage
Top view
P6 2F
P2
P7 1F
Ele.
Elevator
Staircase
13m P8
0
G
P4 P6/7 P5 P8
13m
AT86RF212 at 915 MHz – Range Measurement

- Line of Sight measurement to illustrate the
potential of sub-1 GHz operation
IEEE802.15.4 Transceiver AT86RF212 – 915 MHz (2)
- Range test measurements are based on packet-

error rate (PER 1%) measurements
- The environment chosen for this test is mainly
characterized by one direct line-of-sight and a
ground wave
- The distance achieved during this test is about
D ~ 4370 m
- Range may be extended using optimized

antennas
- Data rate: 20 kb/s, 20 octets
- Modulation: BPSK-20
- TX power: +10 dBm
- Antenna height: 1.4m
IEEE802.15.4 Transceiver AT86RF230/1 – 2.4 GHz (1)
- Beside link budget calculations real

measurements are performed to demonstrate the
performance of low-power, high performance
IEE802.15.4 transceivers
- A typical battery operated node consist of
- The radio transceiver
- The microcontroller
- The antenna
- Interfaces
IEEE802.15.4 Transceiver AT86RF230/1 – 2.4 GHz
- Range test measurements are based on packet-error rate PER (1%)

measurements
- The environment chosen for this test is mainly characterized by one direct
line-of-sight and one second ground wave
- The distance achieved during this test is about
D ~ 1000 m
Data rate: 250 kb/s

PSDU: 20 octets
Modul.: OPSK-250
Pout: +3 dBm
Antenna : 1.4m
Content

Conclusions / Summary
With IEEE 802.15.4 consider BOTH sides of the medal

sub-1 GHz AND 2.4 GHz
ATMEL’s sub-1 GHz 802.15.4 / ZigBee solutions provide

• Longest Range due to low frequency bands
• Up to 16 dB improved Link Budget
• Leading edge Sensitivity values for all rates
• Lowest Power Consumption
• MAC features implemented in hardware
• Ensures robust and reliable network performance
• Pin and functional compatible to 2.4 GHz solutions
• No need for amplification
Wide Selection of Wireless Solutions
IEEE 802.15.4 Leading-Edge Solutions from

ATMEL Microcontroller Wireless Solutions
Choice of various PHY Implementations

Supported frequency bands
- IEEE 802.15.4 at 2.4 GHz
- IEEE 802.15.4 at 868 MHz
- IEEE 802.15.4 at 915 MHz
- Other sub-1 GHz in design
Pin and feature compatible family
2.4 GHz / sub-1 GHz Single Chip Solutions
Wireless Family will grow in various directions!
AT86RF230 AT86RF231 AT86RF212 ATmega128RFA1 ...

Wide Selection of Microcontrollers
Choice of 100+ AVRs

Devices range from 1 to 512 kB
Pin count range from 8 to 100
Full code compatibility
Pin/feature compatible families
One set of development tools
Supports simple point – point -> Fullblown ZigBee

mesh networks on one PCB
- Example: ATmega164P, ATmega324P, ATmega644P
and ATmega1284P
= microcontroller optimized for ANY wireless applications
Conclusions / Summary
Software Support
• Transceiver adaption layer, access toolbox

• IEEE802.15.4 MAC and security
• ZigBee stack, ZigBee profiles (e.g. SmartEnergy)
• Implementations are for all frequency bands
• Implementations available for various MCU’s
• Other stacks are available too, e.g. 6LoWPAN
Conclusions
Thank you for your attention!
Resources
Technical Support Center

support.atmel.no
Datasheets and application notes

www.atmel.com/products/ZigBee
Other resources
www.avrfreaks.net
www.zigbee.org
www.6lowpan.net
News and online trainings

www.avrtv.com
Support by MCU and RF experts

AVR@atmel.com
Contacts
Marketing & Technical Contacts
Marketing Contact Engineering Contact

Magnus Pedersen Sascha Beyer
Director Marketing System Design
Microcontroller Wireless Solutions Microcontroller Wireless Solutions
Atmel Norway A/S Atmel Germany GmbH

Vestre Rosten 78 Design Center Dresden
Tiller N-7075 Königsbrücker Strasse 61
Norway 01099 Dresden
Phone: +47 7289 7647 Phone: +49 351 6523-410

Cell: +47 928 84579 Fax: +49 351 6523-5410
mailto: magnus.pedersen@atmel.com mailto: sascha.beyer@atmel.com
Backup
Backup
Range / Coverage Test Setup
AT86RF212 – Range- and Coverage Test Setup
Antenna
Software RES
Radio Evaluation Suite (PER)
RCB Radio Controller

Display Board
Board September 2, 2008 40
Range / Coverage Test Setup
AT86RF231 – Range- and Coverage Test Setup
Software RES
Antenna
Radio Evaluation Suite (PER)
RCB Radio Controller

Display Board
Board
Freier Text 03.09.2008
Wireless M-Bus for

Smart Metering
2008-09-02
© QVEDIS GmbH
European Standard
COSEM/DLMS M-Bus
Protocol
EN13757-1 EN13757-3
Wired M-Bus Wireless M-Bus Local M-Bus

Link EN13757-2 EN13757-4 EN13757-6
Seite 2 2008-09-02 Author (U.Pahl) © QVEDIS GmbH
Building Technologies / Abteilung 1

Wired M-Bus - Twisted Pair, Long Range
Meter optimized Physical and Link Layer for twisted pair

Optional powering of remote meter
Interchangeable twisted wire pair
Long distance communication (Up to 5km)
Wireless M-Bus (1)
Various Modes: S, R, T
S-Mode
S Mode for preferred stationary operation
T-Mode for more frequent transmission (Allows walk-by operation)
R-Mode for long distance (Low data rate)
Unidirectional: S1, T1, Bidirectional: S2, T2, R2

Very low cost solutions possible

Wireless M-Bus (2)
All optimized for 868 MHz bands

Suitable antenna size
Lower building attenuation
Protected radio band
Duty cycle limits by law: S, R: 1%; T: 0.1% (or LBT)
Duty cycle by standard for S-Mode: 0.02%
Possible operation of more than 500 meters in radio range
Local M-Bus - Twisted Pair, Short Range
Very low cost meter bus for twisted pair

Limited to 5 metering devices
Short distance communication (Less than 50m)
Suitable for service interface or small bus solution

COSEM – Application Protocol
Static data point size

Support of OBIS
Harmonised coding of every kind of data
Applied for Gas and Electricity
M-Bus – Application Protocol
Dynamic data point size

Coding efficiency allows short telegrams for wireless transmission
Longer meter lifetime
Reduce collisions on radio channel
All meter generated data codeable

SMIQ,MUC and Open Metering
German utility companies and energy suppliers came together to

have a unique standardised solution for smart metering (SMIQ/MUC)
The involved manufacturers are in discussion
Open Metering was founded as Working Group to investigate a
standardised solution which will be accepted by all parties
Based on the requirements of SMIC and MUC, existing standards
were evaluated
evaluated.
Based on EN13757, the Open Metering System specification was
created.
Goals of Open Metering System (OMS)
Cover all metering devices

Electricity
Gas
Heat
Water
Definition of standardised and interoperable transmission techniques

and protocols for media:
Twisted Pair
Radio
PLC

Open Metering System Overview
OMS - Primary Communication
Transmission medium specific:

TP: EN13757-2
EN13757 2
RF: EN13757-4
PLC:??
Data exchange (Not medium specific):
Security AES128 CBC (Mandatory for RF)
Protocol: M
M-Bus,
Bus DLMS/COSEM
DLMS/COSEM, SML
OBIS Support
Signature and Authorisation with ECC160 (Not finalised yet)

OMS – Installation process
There are two options for installation

Installation by special Installation mode
Has to be started by e.g. push a button
Meter will inform concentrator by special telegrams
Installation by scanning received meter
Allows
All time
i gap between
b meter installation
i ll i andd iinstallation
ll i off
concentrator
Home automation - Option 1: via Ethernet

RF
RF
eHZ
TP
Water
TP
RF
Gas Heat
Service interface
Ethernet
RF MUC
Display unit
- Display current energy
consumption
- History of consumption
- Access via Internet
IP

Home automation - Option 2: directly via RF

RF
RF
Water
eHZ
RF
RF KNX RF- Data collector

Gas Heat
e.g. Apartment controller

RF
On KNX-Bus any other

Home automation device
can see provided
consumption data
IP / TP / PL
M-Bus and KNX
M-Bus
EN 13757-3
Application Layer
EN 50090
EN 13757-2
Physical & Link Layer Wireless
Wireless Communication

Technical Solution 1
Unidirectional Meter RF-Module

- ROM 16k / RAM1K
- Dynamic range 105dB (Tx->Rx)
- Battery 1Ah
- Data rate (T-Mode 66kBit)
- Transmission of consumption every minute (with T-Mode)
- Life time > 10 years
- Total BOM of RF-Module < 1 €
Technical Solution 2
Bidirectional Meter RF-Module

- ROM 56k / RAM 8K
- Dynamic range 112dB
- Battery 2,2 Ah
- Data rate (S-Mode 16kBit)
- Transmission of consumption every 15 minutes (with S-Mode)
- Life time > 10 years
- Total BOM of RF-Module < 2 €

Single chip solution
RF-Module Solution
e.g. Complete RF-Modules from Radio Crafts

Time to Market
1. Specification based on existing norms

2 Chip and module solution is available
2.
3. Single-Chip Technologies are coming soon
4. Comparable meter solutions still exist
5. Service and installation tools can be reused
Ö Time to Market: intended in 2010!

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1. Zensys presentation for Z Wave

ERA SRSM Local Communications

Niels Thybo Johansen CTO, Zensys

Single WiFi effect on 2.4GHz Short range Radios

 Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision

 Z-Wave Core technology

 Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework

 Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security

 Z-Wave Energy experience

Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control (AEC) Vision

Î Increase consumer awareness

Î Why create new classes of ‘Smart’ appliances?

Î Why create new classes of ‘information displays’?

Î Why re-invent Security and Remote Home Access strategies?

Î Instead, lets focus on the important NEW problem to solve !

AEC : Massive reuse and leverage of Techs and Products

Utility / Meter Internet

 Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision

 Z-Wave Core technology

 Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework

 Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security

 Z-Wave Energy experience

Z-Waves Key Technical benefits - Overview

 Lowest Cost Technology

 Very low Power consumption

 Avoids the 2.4Ghz Interference issue

 Battery-2-Battery Network wide communication

 Easy connectivity to IP networks

 Strong 2 Tier Security : Z-WaveSec and Z-WaveIPTLS

TCP/IP 192.168.32.1 HomeID=0x10001000

 Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision

 Z-Wave Core technology

 Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework

 Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security

 Z-Wave Energy experience

Utility / Meter Internet

Flexible Meter, Rate, Tariff and DCP data model

 Rate Table function

 Tariff Table functions

 DCP (Demand Control Plan) functions

Scalable approach: Adding 2nd Meter

2 ’High cost’ 4pm-9pm 2 8

AEC Device classes (DC) and Command classes (CC)

 Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision

 Z-Wave Core technology

 Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework

 Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security

 Z-Wave Energy experience

Z-Wave Security support – Flexible, Strong and Low Cost

Nodes exchanging personal data

 Z-WaveTLS in Z-wave dual stack nodes:

Local communication 1 Z-WaveSec

Standard Internet Security

Away from home control GW + Proxy

Z-WaveSec with Z- Standard Internet Security Z-WaveSec

Z-WaveIPTLS Standard Internet Security

 Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision

 Z-Wave Core technology

 Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework

 Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security

 Z-Wave Energy experience

Danish Electricity Savings Trust recommends Z-Wave

Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision

Z-Wave Core technology

Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework

Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security

Z-Wave Energy experience

Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision

Z-Wave Core technology

Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework

Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security

Z-Wave Energy experience

Lowest Cost Technology

Very low Power consumption

Avoids the 2.4Ghz Interference issue

Battery-2-Battery Network wide communication

Easy connectivity to IP networks

Strong 2 Tier Security : Z-WaveSec and Z-WaveIPTLS

Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision

Z-Wave Core technology

Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework

Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security

Z-Wave Energy experience

Rate Table function

Tariff Table functions

DCP (Demand Control Plan) functions

Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision

Z-Wave Core technology

Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework

Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security

Z-Wave Energy experience

Z-WaveTLS in Z-wave dual stack nodes:

Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision

Z-Wave Core technology

Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework

Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security

Z-Wave Energy experience

The Danish Electricity Saving Trust is a governmental, non-profit organization whose

Main reasons for recommending Z-Wave: