What is BIOS?

One of the most common applications Memory Flash, use

in BIOS) Basic Input / Output System) is. BIOS to ensure the
hardware elements such as: chips, hard someone who,
ports, processors and ... Will properly their operations do
together. Each computer (personal handy) with a
microprocessor as a central processing unit. Hardware
element is a microprocessor. Order requiring the processor
to perform a specific operation, must set the instructions
are called software written and delivered to the CPU gains.
Two types of software are used: - Operating System: OS
set of services required to run a program provides. 98,
2000 or Linux operating system, examples are. -
Applications: applications of software in order to meet
demands that are specifically designed and are made
available to users. Programs such as: Word, Excel and ...
Examples of these types of software are. In fact, a third
type of BIOS software for the proper functioning of your
computer that it will need. Services provided by the BIOS
BIOS software has several Vtayf. But undoubtedly the most
important tasks in the operating system memory. When
the computer on and try to run the first microprocessor to
be guidelines, basic guidelines must provide the other
places that are left (in the main memory of the computer
still has not received information) desired directions
through the system can not be made available to the
operating processor in memory because the operating
system still not settled and is still on the hard disk. The
problem must use methods that are declared to the
processor operating system into memory until more settled
area of the operating system provides services. BIOS
necessary instructions in this regard will provide. Some
common services that BIOS offers, is as follows: - A test
program to investigate the accuracy with POST Afrary
performance hardware elements - to enable BIOS chips to
other card installed in the system, such as: graphic card or
Controller SCSI - a set of management options related to
hard disk, Clock and ... BIOS, a special software interface
that is as (mediator) between the main elements of
hardware installed on the system and operating system
makes playing task. Most software these types of Flash
memory and as a chip on the motherboard is installed. In
some cases, above a specific type of chip ROM memory will
be. When the computer is turned BIOS will do various
operations: - review the contents of the CMOS settings for
specific information - the drivers loaded by Standard &
Interrupt handlers - initializing registry and management of
Power - POST programs in order to ensure the accuracy of
performance elements hardware - the system must
recognize drive through the setup (Booting) be. -
Initializing program related to the operating system in
memory (Bootstrap) first will review the BIOS, a type of
information stored in RAM memory capacity is 64 bytes.
The above information on a chip called CMOS)
Complementry metal oxid semiconductor) are stored.
CMOS includes detailed information about the system and
Tghyyrdr case of any system, this information will also
change. BIOS of the above information in order to change
and replace their default values to use. Interrupt handlers
have special type of software as a translator between the
hardware components and operating system makes
playing task. For example, "when you key on the keyboard
are you active, signals related to Keyboard Interrupt
handler to this post be announced to the processor through
which one of the buttons are enabled. drivers other than a
particular type of software that sets the allowable
operations on a device explained and solutions (functions)
will provide relevant. Most hardware devices such as :
keyboard, mouse, hard and floppy drives with their own
drivers are. Given that permanently with BIOS signal sent
by the hardware element is encountered, usually "a copy
of the proliferation of RAM will be. Startup (Bvtyng,
Booting) Turn the computer after computer, BIOS soon will
start its operations. In most systems, BIOS operations
during the relevant messages also shows (amount of
memory, hard disk type and ...) in order to prepare for
service to the users computer, BIOS set the operation
does. After review and awareness of existing CMOS
settings and deploy Interrupt handler in memory RAM,
graphics cards will be dealt. Most graphics cards, which
have been dedicated BIOS memory and CPU to the
graphics card makes initializing. If the BIOS dedicated
graphics card is not present Governor of the driver is
stored in ROM, use the appropriate drive and will be
activated (standard driver graphic card) more types of
BIOS Setup (restart (Rebbot) or set up Primary (Cold Boot)
will recognize. to recognize the above subject, the contents
of memory address 0000:0472 is used. Drrs whereas in the
above amount is 123h, Bmnzlh "reboot" and the program
memory verification BOIS will not do. Otherwise (if there
are any other value in the address above) an "initial setup"
will be considered. In this case the accuracy of memory
performance and safety will be done. more serial and USB
ports to connect the keyboard will review Vmvs. then PCI
cards installed on the system will be discussed. if any of
the above steps with the wrong BIOS can deal with playing
more meaningful Beep, the error will announce . errors
declared cases often are associated with system hardware.
BIOS program information regarding the processor type,
floppy drives, hard disks, memory, date and number
(version) program BIOS, type the screen will display. If the
SCSI adapters on the system is used, BIOS drivers, BIOS
Raaz respective active and dedicated adapter BIOS
information in relation to specific SCSI adapters will
display. more types of BIOS program must drive the
process of transferring the operating system starts will
recognize. to achieve the above goal in the CMOS settings
are used. priority system boot drive for the relevant
variable and depends on the type of system. These
priorities may include items such as: A, C, CD, or C, A, CD,
and is .... (A shows the hard disk and floppy drive C shows
the CD indicates CD-ROM drive is) if the specified drive
including operating system programs is not an error
message will be displayed. (Non System disk or disk error)
configured in the BIOS before the BIOS was mentioned in
the necessary items stored in the CMOS settings to use. for
changing the relevant settings must be enabled CMOS
configuration program. To enable the program must at
system startup keys to activate certain areas of the
program provides. in most systems in order to configure
the program activation key Del or Esc or F1 or F2 or Ctrl-
Esc or Ctrl-Alt-Esc it must be enabled. (normally "in time
type of system set up by pressing the key that caused the
activation program is configured, as a message on the
screen will show) after activating the program configured
using a set of options can be attempted to change the
desired parameters on. set the date and time of system
boot drive to identify priorities, define a password for the
system, configure drives (HDD, floppy, CD) and ...
examples of options in this area are. Any change in time an
appropriate setting in the CMOS must carefully because if
he done the above operations do not develop properly and
negative effects on a given system and often causing
disruption in the system will be launched. BIOS CMOS
technology in order to save the relevant settings used
makes. In this technology, a small lithium battery power
(electricity) needed to store information for a period of
several years provides a BIOS upgrade program rarely
change BIOS program is done. But the old system where
uplink, the BIOS upgrade will be necessary. with Given that
a particular type of memory in the BIOS ROM is stored,
changes and upgrades that would be similar to other
software. For this purpose, a special application is required.
these programs through computer manufacturers and BIOS
are provided. In time system can be set up date, number
and name will see the BIOS manufacturer. After being
specified name manufacturer BIOS, refer to the
manufacturer's website, ensure that the BIOS upgrade
program offered by the company is concerned. If program
is available it must be Download. After getting the file
(program) on the appropriate diskette and put the system
through the drive A (floppy drive) launches. In this case the
program on diskette, BIOS delete old and new information
in the BIOS writes. in time surely BIOS upgrade "must be
attention to the fact that the version that completely" is
compatible with the system should be used in the BIOS
otherwise faced with the problem and possible ways there
is no system set up.!