Empirical study of Wireless

Standards for Home Automation

Chengjie Wu, Abu S. Saifullah and Yong Fu

Outline
 Comparison between Wifi, Zigbee and Bluetooth (2
classes)
1. Packet reception rate (PRR)
• Number of packets successfully received at receiver over total
number of packets sent by sender
2. Maximum communication range
3. PRR under interference of Wifi AP
 Performance of Zigbee under interference of Bluetooth
1. Packet lost rate
2. Anti interference

2
Outline
 Comparison between Wifi, Zigbee and Bluetooth (2
classes)
1. Packet reception rate
2. Maximum communication range
3. PRR under interference of Wifi AP
 Performance of Zigbee under interference of Bluetooth
1. Packet lost rate
2. Anti interference

3
Experimental setup
 Testbed:
1. WIFI(802.11g): ConnectBlue cB-OWSPA 311
2. Bluetooth(Class 1): ConnectBlue cB-OEMSPA331
3. BlueTooth(Class 2): ConnectBlue cB-OEMSPA311
4. ZigBee(802.15.4): ConnectBlue cB-OZS331
 Measurement:
1. PRR
2. Maximum communication range
3. Power Consumption (Current)
 Scenarios
 Jolly Hall (Indoor)
 Danforth Campus (Outdoor)

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Scenario 1: line of sight

Sender Receiver

 Campus Wifi: Channel 6;

 Testing Wifi: Channel 11; Testing Zigbee: Channel 25
5
PRR (%) v.s. Distance (m)
101

100 100 100 100 100

99
Wifi
98 Bluetooth C1
Bluetooth C2
97 Zigbee
96.8

96

95
12 24 36 48

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Scenario 2: Drywall

Sender Receiver
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PRR (%) v.s. No. of drywalls
120

100 100 100 100

98 100
87
80
PRR

60 Wifi
Bluetooth C1
40 Bluetooth C2
Zigbee
20

0 0
1 2 3 4
No. of drywalls

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Scenario3: Different floors

Sender Receiver
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PRR (%) v.s. No. of floors
120

100 100 100

90
80
PRR

60 wifi
Bluetooth C1
40 Bluetooth C2
Zigbee
20

0 0
1 2 3
No. of floors

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Scenario 4: Outdoor

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Max Communication Range

Bluetooth Class1 90

Bluetooth Class2 82

Zigbee 67

Wifi 70

0 20 40 60 80 100
Communication range (m)

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Current
43
Bluetooth C1 37
35

40
Bluetooth C2 35
34

54 Max
Zigbee 53 Min
52
Base
175
Wifi 173
171

0 50 100 150 200

Current (mA)

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Scenario 5: Interference under Wifi

 Campus Wifi: Channel 6

 Testing Wifi: Channel 6
 Testing Zigbee: Ch. 17
(Coincide with Wifi Ch.
6)

Sender Receiver WUFI AP

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PRR (%) v.s. Interference
100%
Bluetooth1
100%

100%
Bluetooth2
100%
Video streaming
42% No Wifi Traffic
Zigbee
100%

56%
Wifi
95%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120%

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Comparison
4
3.5
3
2.5
2 Bluetooth C1
1.5 Bluetooth C2
1 Zigbee
Wifi
0.5
0
PRR
Max Comm
Range Power
Consumption
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Outline
 Comparison between Wifi, Zigbee and Bluetooth (2
classes)
1. Packet reception rate
2. Maximum communication range
3. PRR under interference of Wifi AP
 Performance of Zigbee under interference of Bluetooth
1. Packet lost rate (PLR)
• PLR=1-PRR
2. Anti interference

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Experiment setup
 Testbed:
1. Tmote sky motes
2. One Mac book pro and one Dell Latitude D630
 Scenarios:
1. A two bedroom apartment
2. Jolly Hall
 Measurement:
1. Packet lost rate
2. Received Signal Strength Index (RSSI)

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Scenario: Multiple Zigbee Sender

Bluetooth Master

Bluetooth Slave

Zigbee Sender

Zigbee Receiver

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PLR v.s. Location of Zigbee Sender
25.0%

20.0%

15.0%
PLR

10.0% No Interference
Under Bluetooth
5.0%

0.0%

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Scenario: Multiple Bluetooth Pairs

Bluetooth Master

Bluetooth Slave

Zigbee Sender

Zigbee Receiver

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PLR v.s. Location of Bluetooth Pair
18.0%

16.0%

14.0%

12.0%

10.0%
PLR

8.0%

6.0%

4.0%

2.0%

0.0%
Bedroom1 Living Room Bedroom2 Kitchen None

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Scenario: Jolly Hall 5th Floor

5 4 3 2
1

Bluetooth pair Zigbee Receiver Zigbee Sender

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PLR v.s. Distance
5.0%
4.5%
4.0%
3.5%
3.0%
PLR

2.5%
No Interference
2.0%
Under Bluetooth
1.5%
1.0%
0.5%
0.0%
1 2 3 4 5
Position of Zigbee Sender

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Why Bluetooth could degrade
Zigbee’s Performance

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Test parameter
 Mote’s channel: 25 (2475 MHz)
 Mote’s packet rate:
 Sends a packet when receives a senddone
 Disable CSMA
 Bluetooth’s data rate: around 70 kB/s

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Test Scenario

Bluetooth Receiver

Bluetooth Sender

Wispy
Spectrum Analyzer

Tmote Jammer

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Adaptive Frequency Hopping

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 Bluetooth

480s 802.15.4 G1: 10s 190s 230s

Background
Noise

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Cost v.s. Gain
350

300

250
Seconds

200
Cost (s)
150 Gain (s)

100

50

0
Test1 Test2 Test3 Test4

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Questions?

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