UMTS course

„ Introduction
„ UMTS principles
ƒ Network Architecture
ƒ WCDMA Basics
ƒ General Protocols Model
ƒ Radio Resource Management and ATM transmission
„ UMTS Evolution
ƒ HSDPA
ƒ TDD
ƒ All IP
„ UMTS Project
ƒ Network Architecture and Design
ƒ Rollout
ƒ System Acceptance Testing
ƒ Network Performances
ƒ Launch

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 1

Radio Interface Protocols
Architecture
Control Plane User Plane

Radio
RRC control Bearers L3
control
control

control
control

PDCP
BMC

RLC RLC
RLC RLC L2
RLC RLC
RLC RLC

Logical Channels

MAC
Transport Channels

PHY (WCDMA L1) L1

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 2
Uu interface Layer 1 Services

L1 services :
• Information transfer to MAC and higher layers on common and dedicated transport
channels:
• Random Access Channel (RACH)
• Common Packet Channel (CPCH)
• Forward Access Channel (FACH)
• Downlink Shared Channel (DSCH)
• Broadcast Channel (BCH)
• Paging Channel (PCH)
• Dedicated Channel (DCH)

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 3

Uu interface Layer 1 Functions

L1 functions:
• Macrodiversity distribution/combining and soft handover execution
• Error detection on transport channels and indication to higher layers
• FEC encoding/decoding and interleaving/deinterleaving of transport channels
• Multiplexing of transport channels and demultiplexing of coded composite transport
channels
• Rate matching
• Mapping of coded composite transport channels on physical channels;
• Power weighting and combining of physical channels
• Modulation and spreading/demodulation and despreading of physical channels
• Frequency and time (chip, bit, slot, frame) synchronisation
• Measurements and indication to higher layers (e.g. FER, SIR, interference power, transmit
power, etc.)
• Closed-loop power control
• RF processing
21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 4
Medium Access Control Protocol:
MAC Services

MAC Services to upper Layer:

• Data transfer service on logical channels classified in control and traffic channels
• Reallocation of radio resources and MAC parameters.
• Reporting of measurements.

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 5

Medium Access Control Protocol:
MAC Functions
MAC Functions:
• Mapping between logical channels and transport channels.
• Selection of appropriate Transport Format for each Transport Channel depending on
instantaneous source rate.
• Priority handling between data flows of one UE.
• Priority handling between UEs by means of dynamic scheduling
• Identification of UEs on common transport channels
• Multiplexing/demultiplexing of upper layer PDUs into/from transport blocks delivered
to/from the physical layer on common transport channels.
• Multiplexing/demultiplexing of upper layer PDUs into/from transport block sets delivered
to/from the physical layer on dedicated transport channels.
• Traffic volume measurement.
• Transport Channel type switching.
• Ciphering.
• Access Service Class selection for RACH and CPCH transmission

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 6

Radio Link Control Protocol:
RLC Services

RLC Services to upper layer:

• Transparent data transfer.
• Notification of unrecoverable errors
• Maintenance of QoS as defined by upper layers
• Unacknowledged data transfer
• QoS setting
• Acknowledged data transfer.

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 7

Radio Link Control Protocol:
RLC Functions
RLC Functions RLC Functions
• Segmentation and reassembly •…
• Concatenation • Polling
• Padding • Status transmission
• Transfer of user data • SDU discard
• Error correction • Estimated PDU Counter (EPC) mechanism
• In-sequence delivery of upper layer PDUs • Suspend/resume function
• Duplicate Detection • Stop/continue function
• Flow control • Re-establishment function
• Sequence number check
• Protocol error detection and recovery
• Ciphering
•…

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 8

Air Interface Protocols
RRC

RRC RRC
RLC RLC Control
MAC MAC Plane

FP FP FP
WCDMA WCDMA Transport and Transport and Transport and
L1 L1 transmission transmission transmission
layers layer layer
UE WBTS DRNC SRNC

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 9

Radio Resource Control Protocol:
RRC functions
• Broadcast of information related to the non-access stratum (Core Network);
• Broadcast of information related to the access stratum;
• Establishment, maintenance and release of an RRC connection between the UE and UTRAN;
• Establishment, reconfiguration and release of Radio Bearers;
• Assignment, reconfiguration and release of radio resources for the RRC connection;
• RRC connection mobility functions;
• Control of requested QoS;
• UE measurement reporting and control of the reporting;
• Outer loop power control;
• Control of ciphering;
• Paging;
• Initial cell selection and cell re-selection;
• Arbitration of radio resources on uplink DCH;
• RRC message integrity protection;
• CBS control.
21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 10
Air Interface Protocols

RT NRT & RT RT NRT & RT

PDCP PDCP
RLC RLC
User
MAC MAC Plane
FP FP FP
WCDMA WCDMA Transport and Transport and Transport and
L1 L1 transmission transmission transmission
layers layer layer
UE WBTS DRNC SRNC

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 11

 Channels DS-WCDMA-FDD

Downlink Uplink

SCH BCCH PCH CCCH DCCH DTCH CCCH DTCH DCCH Logical
Channels

Transport
SCH BCH PCH FACH DCH RACH DCH CPCH
Channels

SCH1/2 CCPCH-1 CCPCH-2 DPCH PRACH PCPCH Physical

(DPDCH+DPCCH) DPDCH DPCCH Channels

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A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 12
General Protocol Model

Radio
Network Control Plane User Plane
Layer Application Data
Protocol Stream(s)

Transport
Network Transport Transport Transport
Layer Network Network Network
User Plane Control Plane User Plane
ALCAP(s)

Signalling Signalling Data

Bearer(s) Bearer(s) Bearer(s)

Physical Transmission layer

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 13

Protocol Structure for Iub

Radio User Plane

Control Plane
Network

DSCH
CPCH
RACH
FACH
DCH

PCH
Layer

FP

FP
FP
FP
FP
FP
NBAP

Transport Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network

Network User Plane Control Plane User Plane
Layer Q.2630.1

Q.2150.2
SSCF-UNI SSCF-UNI
SSCOP SSCOP
AAL5 AAL5 AAL2

ATM 3G TS 25.430

Physical Transmission layer

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 14

NBAP specific elementary procedures
Function
Cell Configuration Management
Common Transport Channel Management
System Information Management
Resource Event Management
Configuration Alignment
Measurements on Common Resources
• Radio Link Management.
• Radio Link Supervision.
• Compressed Mode Control
• Measurements on Dedicated Resources
• DL Power Drifting Correction
• Reporting of General Error Situations
21/12/2004
Elementary Procedure(s)
a) Cell Setup
b) Cell Reconfiguration
c) Cell Deletion
a) Common Transport Channel Setup
b) Common Transport Channel Reconfiguration
c) Common Transport Channel Deletion
System Information Update
a) Block Resource
b) Unblock Resource
c) Resource Status Indication
a) Audit Required
b) Audit
c) Reset
a) Common Measurement Initiation
b) Common Measurement Reporting
c) Common Measurement Termination
d) Common Measurement Failure
Functions have same elementary
procedures as RNSAP
A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 15
Protocol Structure for Iur

Radio
Control Plane User Plane
Network
Layer DCH CCH
RNSAP
FP FP

Transport Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network

Network User Plane Control Plane User Plane
Layer Q.2630.1

SCCP Q.2150.1
MTPb3 MTPb3
SSCF-NNI SSCF-NNI
SSCOP SSCOP
AAL5 AAL5 AAL2

ATM

Physical Transmission layer

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 16

RNSAP Radio Network Subsystem
Application Part

RNSAP defines interactions between SRNC and DRNC over Iub interface

RNSAP consists of Elementary Procedures (EP)'s, here Class 1 and Class 2

RANAP provide following services

RNSAP Basic Mobility Procedures (Related to a specific UE)
RNSAP DCH Procedures
RNSAP Common Transport Channel Procedures
RNSAP Global Procedures
Support of parallel transactions

RANAP services expected from Signalling Transport

Connection oriented data transfer service
Connectionless data transfer service RNSAP Function

EP (class1) EP (class2)…

Request Message

Success Failure

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 17

Protocol Structure for Iu-CS

Radio
Control Plane User Plane
Network
Layer Iu User Plane
RANAP
Protocol

Transport Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network

Network User Plane Control Plane User Plane
Layer Q.2630.1

SCCP Q.2150.1
MTP3 MTP3
SSCF-NNI SSCF-NNI
SSCOP SSCOP
AAL5 AAL5 AAL2

ATM

Physical Transmission layer

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 18

RANAP Radio Access Network
Application Part for Iu-CS
RANAP defines interactions between RNS and CN

RANAP consists of Elementary Procedures (EP)

Class 1: EP's with response, success or failure
Class 2: EP's without response
Class 3: EP's with possibility of multiple responses

RANAP provide following signalling services

General control services
Notification services
Dedicated control services

RANAP services expected from Signalling Transport

Connection oriented data transfer service
Connectionless data transfer service

General RANAP functions

Management of Iu resources, signalling and RAB's
Transport of NAS signalling messages between UE and CN
Controlling the security mode in the UTRAN (ciphering and integrity protection)
Controlling and transferring location reporting
Data volume reporting for unsuccessfully transmitted DL Data
UE Management like paging, UE Common ID sending, controlling UE activity tracing
21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 19
Protocol Structure for Iu-PS

Radio
Control Plane User Plane
Network
Layer Iu User Plane
RANAP
Protocol

Transport Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network

Network User Plane Control Plane User Plane
Layer

SCCP
MTPb3 GTP-U
SSCF-NNI UDP
SSCOP IP
AAL5 AAL5

ATM

Physical Transmission layer

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 20

RANAP Radio Access Network
Application Part for Iu-PS
ƒ Radio Access Bearer (RAB) Management functions
ƒ Radio Resource Management functions
ƒ Iu link Management functions
ƒ Iu User-plane (RNL) Management
ƒ Mobility management functions
ƒ Security functions
ƒ Service and Network Access functions
ƒ Iu Co-ordination functions
ƒ Separation of each UE for mobile specific signalling management
ƒ Relocating the SRNS to another RNS and changing the IU connection point for a UE
(streamlining)
ƒ Transfer of transparent non-access signalling

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 21

UMTS course
„ Introduction
„ UMTS principles
ƒ Network Architecture
ƒ WCDMA Basics
ƒ General Protocols Model
ƒ Radio Resource Management and ATM transmission
„ UMTS Evolution
ƒ HSDPA
ƒ TDD
ƒ All IP
„ UMTS Project
ƒ Network Architecture and Design
ƒ Rollout
ƒ System Acceptance Testing
ƒ Network Performances
ƒ Launch

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 22

Radio Resource Management

Iub

RRC Connection Request

Admission Control Packet

Handover Control Active set RB
information Scheduler
information
• RRC admission decision Radio resource
Active state mobility • Default set of transport scheduling
control channel and RLC
parameters BLER or BER
• (Directed RRC target, SIR target
connection set-up)

Resource Load Load change

information information information Power Control

Resource Manager Load Control UL Outer Loop

Power Control
Code allocation
Transport resource allocation Cell load
info status
21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 23
Admission Control
SIR - Allowed Range
Admission Control

h
iw dt
n d
e Ba
c
e r fa
I nt
U u

Radio Access Bearers

in Uu Interface

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 24

Hand Over Control

Sector 1 B SSector 2 BS BS
Multipath Signal
f1 f1
through Sector 1

Multipath Signal
Sector 3 Frequency Frequency
4

through Sector 3
4

f1 f1 f1
BS BTS
Softer Soft HO
RNC
HO RNC WCDMA GSM900/1800
4

Iur

Iub Iub Inter System BS BS

BS BS HO

Frequency Frequency
4

Frequency Frequency f1 f2
4

f1 f1

Hard Intra Frequency Hard Inter Frequency

HO
21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course
HO 25
Resource Manager
Primary Scrambling Code
Channelisation Code Set (256 Codes)
Secondary Scrambling Code #1
Channelisation Code Set (256 Codes)
Secondary Scrambling Code #2
Channelisation Code Set (256 Codes)
Secondary Scrambling Code #15
Channelisation Code Set (256 Codes)
- 512 Code Sets x 16 Scrambling Codes = 8192 Codes numbered from 0 ... 8191 available
21/12/2004
Primary Scrambling Code
Channelisation Code Set (256 Codes)
Secondary Scrambling Code #1
Channelisation Code Set (256 Codes)
Secondary Scrambling Code #2
Channelisation Code Set (256 Codes)
Secondary Scrambling Code #15
Channelisation Code Set (256 Codes)
A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 26
Power Control

BS RNC
4

Open Loop Power Control (Initial Access)

Closed Loop Power Control

Outer Loop Power Control

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 27

Packet Scheduler
packet service session

packet call

time

reading time

packet size packet arrival interval

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 28

Load Control

Overload
Overload Margin
Load Target
Estimated capacity for
NRT traffic.
Power

Measured load caused

by non-controllable load

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 29

ATM in Brief (1/6)

ATM Cell
Payload (48 bytes) Header (5 bytes)

Bit number:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

GFC VPI
He GFC = Generic Flow
VPI VCI ad VPI
C =t Virtual
l Path Identifier
er VCI = Virtual Channel
VCI (5 PT
Id =tifi
Payload Type
VCI PT CLP Byt CLP = Cell Loss Priority
es) HEC = Header Error Control
HEC

Payload Data 48 Bytes

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 30

 ATM in Brief (2/6)

ATM Cell Virtual Channel (VC) Virtual Path (VP) Transmission path
ATM Layer

HEADER PAYLOAD

ATM cell (53 bytes)

HEADER 5 bytes
PAYLOAD 48 bytes

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 31

ATM in Brief (3/6)
AAL2

e.g., 3 different
users
AAL2 header

1 2 3 1 2 3

String of AAL2 Packet Data Units String of AAL2 Packet Data Units

ATM CELL ATM CELL

HEADER 1 2 3 1 HEADER 1 2 3

HEADER PAYLOAD
ATM cell

AAL2 PACKET, 3-byte header, variable length payload (packet size up to 48 bytes or fixed 64 bytes)

OFFSET FIELD, 1-byte (indicates where the next AAL2 PDU starts)

ATM CELL, 5-byte header + 48-byte payload

PADDING

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 32

ATM in Brief (4/6)
AAL5

AAL5 header

USER DATA = Variable length 1-65,535 bytes USER DATA = Variable length 1-65,535 bytes

AAL5 Packet Data Unit AAL5 Packet Data Unit

ATM cell 1 ATM cell 2………... ………..ATM cell n PAYLOAD

= N x 48 BYTES

AAL5 PACKET, 5-byte header, variable length payload, 8-byte trailer

PADDING FIELD, variable length to fill the 48-byte ATM cell

ATM CELL, 5-byte header + 48-byte payload

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 33

ATM in Brief (5/6)
ATM over E1

ATM cell

Header Payload

E1 frame E1 frame
0 1 2 ... 15161718 . . 31 0 1 2 . . . 15161718 . . 31
. .
TS1-15 TS17-31 TS1-15 TS17-31
TS0 TS16 TS0 TS16

21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 34

ATM in Brief (6/6)
ATM over SDH
VP1

VP2

VP3
1 byte
9 bytes 260 bytes VC-4

P
Section
9 bytes O
Overhead
H .
. VC-4
.

STM-1 (155,52 Mbps) can fit 44.15 cells per frame -> 353 207 cells per second.
21/12/2004 A. LEHERICEY – UMTS course 35