Acep Irham Gufroni et al.
/ (IJAEST) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Information Systems Strategic Planning
At the Siliwangi University Tasikmalaya
Acep Irham Gufroni
Department of Informatics Engineering
Siliwangi University, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia
whizzd@yahoo.com
Abstract—The development of the education world that is rapidly
pushing the education business people struggling to maintain or
even increase the competitive value. In this condition, Siliwangi
University requires strategic planning of information systems in
line with the vision and mission of the organization that can be
used as a reference implementation and use of IT. The purpose of
this research is to produce information systems business strategy,
strategic management, and IT strategy. The method of strategic
planning of information systems in this study refers to the
method of John Ward.
The process of preparing the strategic planning of
ES
information systems is preceded by an analysis of both internal
and external organizations environment. Organization's
environmental analysis performed by using the tools Value Chain
analysis, and SWOT analysis. Results from analysis of the
organizational environment are used as inputs in the formulation
of organization’s IS / IT strategies. From the analysis above can
be known opportunities, threats and potential of organizations to
achieve competitive advantage based on IT.
Keywords: Information Systems, Strategic Planning, Value Chain
Analysis, SWOT Analysis
I. INTRODUCTION
A
The development of the education world that is
rapidly pushing the education business struggling to maintain
or even increase the competitive value. In this condition, the
information system emerged as an important discipline to
solve problems and to help make decisions in an educational
organization. To anticipate the impact of technological
IJ
developments both of the internal and external organizations,
the Siliwangi University Tasikmalaya requires strategic
planning steps in a information systems or information
technology. The reason why the strategy needs to be made is
that an organization's own resources are very limited, so it
must be used optimally. Another reason is to ensure that
information technology assets can be used directly or
indirectly to enhance the organization's profitability, either by
increasing revenue and reducing expenditure costs. The next
reason is to avoid excess investment (over-investment) in the
field of information technology. And the last reason is to
ensure that planned and developed technologies that truly
ISSN: 2230-7818 @ 2011 http://www.ijaest.iserp.org. All rights Reserved.
Vol No. 6, Issue No. 1, 053 - 059
address the needs of business organizations for information
(Indrajit, 2000).
In line with changes in the policies at the Siliwangi
University Tasikmalaya, which followed the change of roles
and functions of information systems, the problems that arise
T
is information for students in terms of academic and student
affairs are often late, and less rapid information in the form of
a daily work report, because it still uses conventional ways
(per letter).
This research is expected to describe conditions that
exist at the Siliwangi University involved in the use of
information systems and information technology. besides that,
also, this study is expected to be a reference for the leadership
of the Siliwangi University in formulating policies as well as
the steps in the application of information systems and
information technology in order to achieve its vision and
mission of the organization.
II. . BASIS THEORY
According to Alter (Kadir, 2002, p. 11) The
information system is a combination of inter-working
procedures, information, people, and information technology
operated to achieve goals within an organization. According to
Bodnar and Hopwood (Kadir, 2002, p. 11), information
system is a collection of hardware and software designed to
transform data into useful information form. According to
Gelinas, Oram, and Wiggins (Kadir, 2002, p. 11), information
systems is a man-made system which generally consists of a
set of computer-based components and manuals are made to
collect, store and manage data and provide output information
to users.
According to Hall (Kadir, 2002, p. 11), information
system is a series of informal procedure where data is
grouped, processed into information, and distributed to users.
According to Turban, McLean, and Watherbe (Kadir, 2002, p.
11), an information system to collect, process, store, analyze,
and disseminate information for specific purposes. According
to Wilkinson (Kadir, 2002, p. 11), information system is a
framework that coordinates the resources (human, computer)
to change the input (inputs) into outputs (information), in
order to achieve company goals.
Page 53
 Acep Irham Gufroni et al. / (IJAEST) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Vol No. 6, Issue No. 1, 053 - 059

According to Alter (Kadir, 2002, p. 11) there are four

roles in the organization's information system, namely:

1. Participate in the implementation of tasks.

2. Linking planning, execution, and control within a
subsystem.
3. Coordinate between subsystems.
4. Integrating subsystems.

STRATEGIC PLANNING INFORMATION SYSTEM

Strategic planning of information systems used to

ensure the development of information systems and
information technology organizations aligned with the
objectives, policies and strategic planning organization's
business. In general, models of strategic planning for
information systems and information technology is divided
into two (Ward and Peppard, 2002, p. 153), namely:

T
1. Inputs (inputs). Figure 1. Model Of Strategic Planning Of Information
a. Internal environment of business Current business Systems / Information Technology
Strategy, goals, resources, processes, culture and Internal business conditions can be identified by
values in business. using the Value Chain analysis and SWOT analysis on the
dimensions of SW (Strength - Opportunities). The results of
b. Business external environment
ES
Economic conditions, industry, politics and
competition where the organization operates
this analysis will produce a map of an organization's internal
processes and internal organization of business conditions, and
then can be used as an ingredient to make improvements
internally to achieve the organization's competitive advantage.
c. Internal environment / IT The condition of the external business environment
The condition of information systems and can be identified by analyzing the organization's external
information technology today, maturity environment using the SWOT analysis on the dimensions of
(maturity), contributions, scope of business, OT (Opportunities - Threats) and Porter's Five Forces.
application portfolio and the portfolio plan
applications Internal environment of information systems and
information technology can be identified by conducting the
d. External environment / IT analysis and evaluation of the condition of organization’s
A
Trends or trends and opportunities and usefulness information systems and technology today compared with the
of information systems and information external environment information systems and information
technology to other parties, especially customers, technology, and internal and external conditions of business
competitors and suppliers. organization. The results of this analysis produced a picture of
information systems and information technology organizations
2. Output (output) in achieving competitive advantage based organization of
information systems and information technology.
IJ

a. Business Strategy / IT
Discussing the use of information systems /
information technology by each function or unit
to achieve its business objectives.
b. Management strategy / IT
Ensure consistency of policies unutuk support
information systems strategy / information
technology.
c. Information technology strategy
Policies and strategies in the management of
technology and resources.
External environment information systems and
technology can be known by observation and observation
trend or tendency of information systems development and
information technology in the business world. The result of
this observation to illustrate how far the development of
information systems and information technology at the
moment. The result of input from internal and external
environmental analysis business, as well as internal and
external analysis of information systems and information
technology, to be material to the preparation of strategic
information systems and information technology.

ISSN: 2230-7818 @ 2011 http://www.ijaest.iserp.org. All rights Reserved. Page 54

 Acep Irham Gufroni et al. / (IJAEST) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Vol No. 6, Issue No. 1, 053 - 059

VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS University Tasikmalaya about environmental conditions IS /

Value chain analysis is an analysis that was
introduced by Michael Porter. Value chain model is used to
analyze the specific activity in which an organization can
create a value and competitive advantage. Value chain model
contains a set of activities that contribute to produce the
service product or service from an organization (Jogiyanto,
2005, p. 53).
Value chain model highlights the main activities and
support that adds value to a product or service of an
organization. The main activity is the activity that is directly
associated with the production and distribution of products
and services produced by the organization. Support activities
are activities that make the main event can run. Support
activities consist of organizational infrastructure, human
resource management, technological development and
availability of goods.
IT, both internally and externally, and organizations policies
in the field of IS / IT.
Research on strategic planning of information
systems is to use strategic planning models of information
systems and information technology proposed by Ward and
Peppard in 2002.
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The history of the founding of the Siliwangi
University begins on the date of 14 September 1977 where
Kopertis (Indonesian Private University Union) Region III
West Java issued Decree No. 50/1977 on Establishment of
Education Administration and Supervision Expert in
Tasikmalaya as a nature education diploma.
Kopertis decree is then followed up by the Decree
No. 06/1978 dated 24 January 1978 concerning the revocation

SWOT ANALYSIS
SWOT analysis is to systematically identify the
various factors to formulate strategies that can maximize the
strength (Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and
simultaneously to minimize your weaknesses (Weaknesses)
ES
and threats (Threats). Thus, the SWOT analysis to compare
between the external factors with Opportunities and Threats
Strengths and Weaknesses of internal factors (Rangkuti, 2005,
p. 19).
Environmental organizations can be divided into two
kinds, namely an organization's internal environment and
external environment of the organization. Organization's
internal environment relates to everything within an
organization such as employees and shareholders, while the
external environment are elements outside the organization
relevant to the activities of the organization (Jogiyanto, 2005,
p. 37).
A
III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Materials Research contains materials that are used to
conduct research. The concrete materials research entity that
became the object of which is processed and / or given
IJ
T
of SK Kopertis Region III West Java No. 50/1977 and
establish improved education status of the Academy of
Experts Educational Administration and Supervision
Siliwangi. Name SILIWANGI into use, and then became the
embryo Siliwangi University was founded. Subsequently, on
May 20, 1978 performed the groundbreaking of the
construction of University by the Siliwangi 4th Military
Commander,Major Generals Himawan Soetanto. Date, month
and year is then defined as the anniversary of Siliwangi
University.
INTERNAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
Analysis of internal business environment Siliwangi
University can be made using Value Chain analysis, where
this analysis covers the main activities and supporting
activities that add value to a product, service or service of an
organization. Siliwangi University has a main activity starts
with the management of new admissions, new student
admission management is then continued with the academic
process, which is doing the teaching to students in accordance
with a predefined curriculum.

specific treatments (MTI, 2008). Materials research conducted

with data collection, among others, by making observations
and data collection organizations to obtain information in the
form of strategic documentation, objectives, organizational
structure, business processes, policies, information systems
and information technology, and other supporting data.

By collecting data through books, journals, and

articles relating to research, and observation and data
collection organizations to obtain information in the form of
strategic documentation, objectives, organizational structure, Figure 2. Siliwangi University Value Chain
business processes, policies, information systems and
information technology, and other supporting data. Conduct
interviews with relevant parties, namely the Siliwangi

ISSN: 2230-7818 @ 2011 http://www.ijaest.iserp.org. All rights Reserved. Page 55

 Acep Irham Gufroni et al. / (IJAEST) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Vol No. 6, Issue No. 1, 053 - 059

1. The development of information technology

which so quickly resulted in the resources of
1. Major Activities both hardware and software will be quickly
obsolete.
The main activity is the activity that is directly 2. There have been many other educational
associated with the production and distribution of institutions that had preceded and qualified
products and services produced by the organization. in applying IT to support its operations.
The principal activities of the Siliwangi University 3. Government policies are not optimal in
consist of: supporting the development of information
a. Management Admissions technology in education.
b. Process of Academic Activities 4. The unemployment rate increasing, so that
c. Lecturer Quality Enhancement makes people choose to continue their
d. Cooperation with Other Parties education at vocational education
e. Community Services institutions.

2. Supporting Activities 2. Internal Factors

Support activities are activities that make the main a. Strength (Strengths)
event can run. To ensure akfitas major at the

T
Siliwangi University be able to effectively requires 1. IT infrastructure both hardware and software have
the following supporting activities: been available at the Siliwangi University.
a. Financial Management System 2. Support from the Government of Tasikmalaya in
b. Personnel Management changing the status of University, become State
c. Information Technology Siliwangi University and be an asset to the area of
d. Procurement of Goods

SWOT ANALYSIS
ES 3.
Tasikmalaya.

Network on a small scale already available in the

The result analysis of current conditions both internal
and external environment, are analyzed so that could indicate
the position of the Siliwangi University seen from the
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. Based on
these analysis results, external factors and internal Siliwangi
owned by the University are as follows:
1. External Factors
A
a. Opportunities (Opportunities)
1. The only university in Tasikmalaya District,
which is in the service of education for the
citizens of Tasikmalaya and surrounding areas
with the availability of courses that vary in
IJ
campus of the Siliwangi University.
4. Already have and use Internet services on
campus.
b. Weakness (Weaknesses)
1. Limited funding budgeted for Information
Technology at the Siliwangi University.
2. Most of the existing human resources are not
ready with the application of information
technology at the Siliwangi University.
3. The amount of data to be transformed quite large,
thus requiring much time, effort, and cost.
4. Still the lack of IT resources at the Siliwangi
University with the scope of the campus is quite
large.

accordance with the interests and actual

conditions in Tasikmalaya.
2. Increasing public awareness about education,
marked by the increasing number of new
students who register from every year to year.
3. The development of the Internet that already
reach all levels of society.
4. The existence of opportunity to use IT to
improve the performance of the Siliwangi
Universityseen from the trend of increasingly
affordable prices while increasing quality.
b. Threats (Threats)
INFORMATION SYSTEM COMPETITIVE
ADVANTAGE ANALYSIS
Value Chain Based on the analysis described
previously, obtained a group activity that should be improved
performance to provide a competitive advantage for Siliwangi
University. Group activities should be enhanced performance
are:
a. Management Admissions
b. Process of Academic Activities
c. Quality Enhancement Teacher / Lecturer
d. Cooperation with Other Parties

ISSN: 2230-7818 @ 2011 http://www.ijaest.iserp.org. All rights Reserved. Page 56

 Acep Irham Gufroni et al. / (IJAEST) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Vol No. 6, Issue No. 1, 053 - 059

e. Community Services h. Procurement of goods, this activity includes the

f. Financial Management System following activities:
g. Personnel Management  Inventory of infrastructure and existing
h. Procurement of Goods resources
 Recording of inventory report
Based on the above activities, can be identified
detailed activities associated with these activities. These are IS / IT STRATEGY MANAGEMENT
activities that affect the activity contained in the Siliwangi
University: Based on the analysis-analysis that has been done,
management strategies can be arranged as follows:
a. Management Admissions, this activity includes the
following activities: 1. Coordination with Related Parties
 Registration for new students
 Payment of registration fee and an entrance In conducting its business activities, the Siliwangi
examination University berhubungaan with various external parties
 Printing a test card involved. This allows for cooperation with these parties in the
 Entrance examination for new students implementation of the IS / IT at the University of Siliwangi.

b. Academic Activities process, this activity includes With the coordination of formal and non-formal with the

T
the following activities: relevant parties will have an impact on the success of strategic
 Master data management student planning of information systems at the Siliwangi University.
 Academic data management
 Charging KRS 2. Standard Operation Procedure (SOP)
 Report students' academic
 EPSBED periodic reports To realize the structure and working procedures that
 Lending library support the implementation of the IS / IT, then it can be

c.
ES
Quality Enhancement Teacher / Lecturer, these
activities include the following activities:
achieved by making the standard operasiona procedure (SOP).
SOP addition is done because there are changes in some
business processes at the Siliwangi University, which has been
the inclusion of elements of SI and IT utilization in every
 Registration and training seminars
 Research and scientific publications activity in Siliwangi University business activities.
 Progress report of research conducted
3. Rules To Ensure Integration
d. Cooperation with Other Party, this activity includes
Development of information systems at the Siliwangi
the following activities:
University done in stages in accordance with the scale of
 The approach to the business community in the
priorities, as well as fixed priority of sustainable development
local area
so as to avoid good diversity of types of databases or
A
 The approach to local government agencies in
programming language. The basic policies that will be used as
the region
a reference the most basic of the development of IS at the
Siliwangi University are as follows:
e. Community Service, this activity includes the
following activities: a. Operating Systems
 Internships
 Training and counseling to small and medium The basic consideration is the choice of operating
IJ

enterprises (SMEs) systems in terms of ease of use, the survey found that the
Windows operating system is the easiest operating
f. Financial Management System, this activity includes systems operated by most employees, the management
the following activities: decided to use the Windows operating system as standard
 Management of payment transactions operating system for applications that will built.
 Monitoring payments
 Periodic financial reports b. Database
 The financial statements of daily transactional
Selection of a database that will be the source of the data
g. Personnel Management, activities included the from all activity Siliwangi University is using Oracle.
following activities: Options use Oracle as the DBMS platform will provide
 Master data management personnel many benefits management database with a large amount
 Employment report printing of data resulting from the integrated development of IS at
 Presence employees Siliwangi University.

ISSN: 2230-7818 @ 2011 http://www.ijaest.iserp.org. All rights Reserved. Page 57

 Acep Irham Gufroni et al. / (IJAEST) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES
In the preparation of IT Governance at the Siliwangi
University must be adapted to current conditions. The bureau
that responsible in the field of IT at the Siliwangi University is
PUSKOM (Pusat Komputer, the Indonesian language for
Computer Center). Puskom is responsible directly to the Vice
Rector I, which authorized the determination of policy at the
Siliwangi University, but in reality Puskom still very minimal
role in the implementation of IT at the Siliwangi University,
so the focus of IT governance and human resources at the
Siliwangi University are:
1. Revitalization Puskom by replacement and recruitment
of new staff with the competencies to be improved.
2. Improving the quality and competence of the Puskom
employees by performing routine, workshops, training
and study visits to other University that has been
oprimized in the use of IT.
3. Using the services of third parties in compliance with the
IS to be built, this is done with consideration of the
limited human resources in IT, so that required
competent third party to build the required IS, with notes
gradually in the end the operation and implementation of
the IS was submitted to Puskom.
a. LAN
ES
To support the passage of all information systems in
the internal environment Siliwangi University, it
takes a local network that connects all sections / units
within the Local Area Network (LAN). Currently the
existing networks do not connect all the units, thus
improving LAN coverage that has been available to
do to connect all units within the Siliwangi
University.
b. Internet
A
Increased Internet bandwidth is the main thing to do
in support of business strategy, because Internet
service is currently still very limited, with
improvements and additions to the speed internet
access, internet usage is expected to further
contribute to the improvement of human resources
IJ
and efficiency of existing activities at the Siliwangi
University.
The necessary hardware requirements tailored to the
information system will be built, either direct hardware
support information systems on it, or hardware to a network
that supports the information system running.
V. CONCLUSION
Based on the analysis that has been done, there are
several conclusions that can be taken in the strategic planning
of information systems at the Siliwangi University
Tasikmalaya, namely:
ISSN: 2230-7818 @ 2011 http://www.ijaest.iserp.org. All rights Reserved.
Vol No. 6, Issue No. 1, 053 - 059
1. Business strategy have been prepared on the IS needs
that result from the process of Value Chain analysis.
The system most of the information needed to
improve service performance of each activity in the
activities conducted at the Siliwangi University.
2. The management strategy is coordinating with
relevant parties, the establishment of standards
operasioanl procedure (SOP), and the rules of
integration in terms of the operating system used is
Windows operating system with the database used is
Oracle.
3. Preparation of IT governance and human resources at
the Siliwangi University is to revitalize Puskom
function.
4. Improving the quality and competence of the
employees Puskom by performing routine,
workshops, training, and study visits to the
T
University that has been optimized in the use of IT.
5. Using the services of third parties in compliance with
the IS to be built, this is done with consideration of
the limited human resources in IT, requiring third
parties who are competent to build the required SI,
with notes gradually in the end the operation and
implementation of the SI was submitted to Puskom.
ADVICE
The author hopes that the strategic planning of
information systems proposed can be used and implemented
by the Siliwangi University Tasikmalaya, but still consider the
following points.
1. It takes a strong commitment from the Siliwangi
University Tasikmalaya, either management or the
foundation to understanding the Siliwangi University
so that IT investment is an investment to achieve
excellence in the future.
2. Need for financing development planning and
implementation of IS / IT at the Siliwangi University
3. Recommendations for the next research in order to
use and add analysis tool that is used so that the
results obtained better and more accurate.
Page 58
 Acep Irham Gufroni et al. / (IJAEST) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Vol No. 6, Issue No. 1, 053 - 059

REFERENCES
[1] Indrajit, Eko. 2000. Merancang Strategi Sistem Informasi. [7] MTI. 2008. Pedoman Penulisan Proposal Tesis dan Tesis.
http://blogeko.com/index.php/home/detail_artikel/157/Merancang_St Yogyakarta: MTI UGM.
rategi_Sistem_Informasi. Diakses tanggal 26 Juli 2009. [8] Pant, S; & Hsu, C. 1995. Strategic Information Systems Planning: A
[2] Jogiyanto, H.M. 2003. Sistem Teknologi Informasi. Yogyakarta: Review.
Penerbit Andi Yogyakarta. [9] http://viu.eng.rpi.edu/publications/strpaper.pdf. Diakses tanggal 17
[3] Jogiyanto, H.M. 2005. Sistem Teknologi Informasi Strategik Untuk Juni 2009.Porter, M.E; & Kramer, M.R. 2006. Harvard Business
Keunggulan Kompetitif. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi Yogyakarta. Review: The Five Competitive Forces That Shape Strategy.
[4] Kadir, Abdul. 2002. Pengenalan Sistem Informasi.Yogyakarta: [10] http://www.rossresults.com/library/The_Five_Competitive_Forces_T
Penerbit Andi Yogyakarta. hat_Shape_Strategy.pdf. Diakses pada 14 Juli 2009.
[5] Lederer, A; & Sethi, V. 1996. Key Prescription for Strategic [11] Rangkuti, Freddy. 2005. Analisis SWOT Teknik Membedah Kasus
Information System Planning, Journal of Management Information Bisnis. Jakarta: Gramedia.
Systems. [12] Sunarto, A; & Hasibuan, Z.A. 2007. Model Perencanaan Strategis
[6] http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1195913. Diakses tanggal 23 SI Pada Industri Penyiaran Televisi Dengan Pendekatan Blue Ocean
Juni 2009. Strategy Dan Balanced Scorecard.

T
ES
A
IJ

ISSN: 2230-7818 @ 2011 http://www.ijaest.iserp.org. All rights Reserved. Page 59