Chapter Ten Test Study Guide

Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.

1. Cutting and clearing rain forests is known as ____________________.

2. Most Latin American countries depend on ____________________ to supply a major part of their incomes.
3. Argentina, Mexico, and Brazil raise ____________________ on large ranches.
4. Inland ____________________ are vital for moving goods and services in Latin America.
5. Most maquiladoras are located along the ______________________________.
6. A trans-Andean highway links cities in Chile and ____________________.
7. Latin America ____________________ much of its agricultural products to other countries.
8. Latin American countries with skilled workers and many ____________________ are industrializing rapidly.
9. Most of the world’s ____________________ are grown in Latin America.
10. Shantytowns are known as ____________________ in Sao Paulo.

Matching

Using Key Terms

Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. maquiladoras d. sustainable development
b. cash crop e. developing country
c. deforestation
____ 11. destruction of forest lands
____ 12. product of latifundia
____ 13. growth that does not deplete resources
____ 14. factories owned by foreign corporations
____ 15. working toward greater manufacturing and technology

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Recalling Facts and Ideas

____ 16. Many rural migrants in Latin America are forced to live in ____ when they reach the city.
a. shelters c. shantytowns
b. minifundia d. apartments
____ 17. Hurricane Mitch destroyed
a. about 90 percent of the apple crop in Honduras.
b. most of the beaches along the coastline of Brazil.
c. approximately 120,000 homes in Peru.
d. about 90 percent of the banana crop in Honduras.
____ 18. When ranchers plant grass on burned rain forest lands, the grass
a. dries up within about four years.
b. gives way to new rain forests within five years.
c. survives for only one season.
d. thrives and provides feed for decades.
____ 19. ____ has limited industrial growth in Latin America.
a. Ties to more developed regions c. Political instability
b. Physical geography d. all of the above
____ 20. ____ in Brazil’s interior has led to the clearing of the rain forests.
a. Building roads c. Building settlements
b. Mining for iron, copper, and tin d. all of the above
____ 21. Minifundia are farms
a. where crops are grown for a small but highly profitable market.
b. that provide cash crops in great quantities.
c. whose small plots of land feed rural families.
d. that are always planted in one crop.
____ 22. Personal computers in Latin America are
a. the major form of communication in that region.
b. slow to gain acceptance over current technology.
c. in great demand and found in most places.
d. too expensive for most people to own.
____ 23. NAFTA reduced trade restrictions among which countries?
a. Mexico, island nations of the Caribbean, and Bolivia
b. Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina
c. Canada, the United States, and Mexico
d. Mexico, the United States, and Panama
____ 24. Service industries, such as banking, communications, or retail sales,
a. are not available in most of Latin America.
b. have increased in Latin America during recent decades.
c. are the most important economic activity in Latin America.
d. have decreased in Latin America during recent decades.
____ 25. Latin American governments use satellite imaging to help
a. forecast hurricanes. c. prevent storms.
b. prevent earthquakes. d. all of the above
____ 26. Which of the following is a major challenge in Latin America today?
a. distributing goods and services more efficiently
b. slowing down travel times between large cities
c. increasing private funding for educational facilities
d. getting at least a few farms mechanized
____ 27. Some Latin America countries need debt relief
a. from other countries to carry out economic programs.
b. because such a large segment of their population is poor.
c. but have too good a credit rating with international banks.
d. because their economies are doing so well.
____ 28. What are latifundia?
a. small plots of land often farmed by families
b. large, mechanized farms
c. a form of Internet communication
d. large textile-manufacturing factories
____ 29. Mexico City’s pollution can be so bad that
a. children are not allowed outside. c. power plants enact rolling blackouts.
b. sports teams have extra practices. d. people are unable to start their cars.
____ 30. The term reforestation refers to planting new trees
a. in old-growth forests that have never been cut.
b. during the winter months when the rains are light.
c. in public lands that have been reclaimed for forestry.
d. where forest lands have been stripped and cleared.
____ 31. Ciudad Juárez has many maquiladoras, or
a. shipping docks. c. locally-owned factories.
b. transportation centers. d. foreign-owned factories.
____ 32. Maquiladoras benefit foreign corporations by allowing them to
a. produce duty-free imports. c. hire low-cost labor.
b. produce taxable exports. d. hire high-cost labor.
____ 33.
Tijuana lures foreign investors with cheap labor and proximity to U.S. markets, while
beckoning workers from across Mexico with the chance for a new beginning. Here their
dreams converge and sometimes collide, pulled hard by the magnet of the north.
—Michael Parfit, “Tijuana and the Border,” National Geographic, August 1996

According to the author, what factor draws foreign investors to Tijuana?

a. the city’s growing population c. the city’s employment opportunities

b. the city’s geographic location d. the city’s natural resources

____ 34.
Which description belongs in the overlapping region labeled “Both”?

a. campesinos c. cash crops

b. maquiladoras d. Latin American farms
____ 35.
Tijuana lures foreign investors with cheap labor and proximity to U.S. markets, while
beckoning workers from across Mexico with the chance for a new beginning. Here their
dreams converge and sometimes collide, pulled hard by the magnet of the north.
—Michael Parfit, “Tijuana and the Border,” National Geographic, August 1996

What does “markets” mean in this passage?

a. open trade agreements c. people with economic power

b. areas of economic activity d. stores where food is sold