MATHEMATICS 1º and 2º | CHAPTER 1 | Exercise Book

Natural numbers
 MATHEMATICS 1º and 2º | CHAPTER 1 | Exercise Book

1. * If a cone is worth 1 unit, a sphere is worth 10 units, a cube is worth 100 units and a prism is worth
1,000 units, tell what number of objects do we need to represent these numbers?
a) 1,746
b) 8,763
c) 748
d) 9,812
e) 25

2. * Write parentheses where necessary to get the result that’s given:

6 + 9 − 7 · 4 = 32
6 + 8 − 10 · 7 = 28

3. * How many dogs do I have if…

a) … my sister gives me 5 German shepherds on Monday, my dad gives me 4 bulldogs on Tuesday, and my
grandma gives me 2 Dalmatians on Wednesday?

b)… my grandma gives me 2 Dalmatians on Monday, my sister gives me 5 German shepherds on Tuesday, and
my dad gives me 5 bulldogs on Wednesday?

4. * How was it possible in the previous exercise that the same result was obtained if the two situations
were different? What’s the name of t hat property of additions?

5. * Calculate the result of the following operations:

a) (10 + 15 + 30) + 47
b) 10 + (15 + 30) + 47
c) (10 + 15) + 30 + 47
d) (32 + 17) + 7 + 42
e) 32 + (17 + 7 + 42)
f ) (32 + 17 + 7) + 42

6. ** Write parentheses where necessary to get the result that’s given:

a) 7 · 8 + 6 = 98
b) 6 · 3 + 2 = 30

7. *** True or false?

a) Subtractions have the commutative property.
b) Additions have the commutative property but subtractions do not.
c) Only additions have the commutative property.
d) Multiplications have the distributive and the commutative property.

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 MATHEMATICS 1º and 2º | CHAPTER 1 | Exercise Book

8. ** Answer these questions:

a) How many assignments will I have to write if 5 of my teachers make me do 2 assignments each?
b) How many assignments will I have to write when I get home if 2 different teachers make me do 5 assignments
each?
c) Which of the properties of multiplication have been applied in the previous questions?

9. ** Answer these questions:

a) A beekeeper has 4 boxes with bees and he trades them for 3 rabbits each. How many rabbits does he get?
b) If he trades each rabbit for 5 lettuces, how many lettuces does he get?
c) If he traded each box of bees for 5 lettuces and then traded each lettuce for 3 rabbits, how many rabbits would
he get?

10. ** I have got a bag with 6 sweets and I want to share them with 3 of my friends. I want everybody to
have the same number of sweets. How many will each of us get? Will there be any sweets left?

11. * How many sheep will I have in total…

a) … if I give away 17 of the 50 sheep in my flock and then I get 23 more sheep?
b) … if I trade 19 of the 40 sheep in my flock and later on I trade 7 sacks of wheat for 2 sheep each?
c) … if I don’t have any sheep but one day somebody gives me 29 and one month later 16 of the sheep have 2
babies each?
d) … if I have 45 sheep and I want to share them out among 6 people in a way that everybody gets the same
number?
e) … if 4 of my sheep had 4 babies each and, one year later, these have 4 babies each?
f ) … if 4 of my sheep had 5 babies each but i give 8 of them away?

12. *** I would like to get Mary’s phone number but she won’t give it to me. She said that she will give me
some clues so that I find out for myself.
1. The first and the second number are the result of calculating (52 · 4) − 27.
2. The third and the fourth number are the result of calculating (32 + 23) · 2 − (4 − 2).
3. The fifth number is the number representing the tens of millions in 15,434,257.
4. The sixth number is the result of calculating 3 · (3 + 2) − (4 + 4 − 2).
5. We get 14 when we take this number (the seventh number), add 4 and then multiply the result by 2.
6. The eighth number is the result of calculating the square root of 81.
7. The ninth number is the result of calculating 23.

13. * We have been asked to build a nice wall with bricks. The first row has already been laid and we have
used 13 bricks. We must lay 25 rows of bricks, therefore, how many more bricks will we need to build the
wall?

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 MATHEMATICS 1º and 2º | CHAPTER 1 | Exercise Book

14. *** Figure out the enigma: today’s dinner is presented in the form of a code: 79, 89, 69, 69, 11, 109.
Can you guess what’s for dinner using the clues below?
a) x = 110 − 30 + 5 − 2 · 15 : 5
b) o = 110 − (30 + 5 − 2) · 15 : 5
c) s = 110 − (30 + 5 − 2 · 15) : 5
d) u = 110 − 30 + (5 − 2) · 15 : 5
e) r = 110 − (30 + 5) − 2 · 15 : 5

15. * True or false?

1. Are 23 and 32 the same?
2. The result of calculating 45 is 20.
3. The result of calculating 33 is 37.
4. Writing 73 and 7 · 7 · 7 is exactly the same.
5. The base of 53 is 3.
6. The exponent of 104 is 4.
7. 82 and 8 · 2 are the same thing.
8. The square root of 9 is exact and it equals 3.
9. The square root of 32 equals 3.

16. ** Elna had 6 daughters who, in turn, had 6 daughters each. If Elna’s granddaughters continued the
tradition, how many great-granddaughters would she have?

Have you calculated the result by means of a power? What is its base? And the exponent?

17. ** What is the lenght of a square swimming pool with an area of…
a) … 81m2?
b) … 169 m2?
c) … 324 m2?
d) … 361 m2?
e) … 100 m2?
f ) … 25 m2?
g) … 225 m2?
h) … 144 m2?
i) … 64 m2?

18. *** Solve this series of operations.

a) 53 · 3 = A
b) A + 65 = B
c) B − 13 = C

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 MATHEMATICS 1º and 2º | CHAPTER 1 | Exercise Book

d) 122 + 246 = D
e) D · 9 = E
f ) E − 1.336 = F
g) F + C = G
h) =H

19. ** Match the following mathematical expressions.

2 · 2 · 2 · 2 74
13 24
71 · 73 71 + 73
65.536 410 : 42
350

20. ** In 19 years my grandfather will be 100 years old. My mother was born when he was 32. My age
equals the square root of my mother’s age. How old are my grandfather, my mother and myself?

21. ** Write parentheses where necessary to obtain the result that is already given:
a) 4 + 5 · 4 − 26 = 10
b) 3 + 5 · 8 − 21 = 43

22.* Match these mathematical expressions with the results. (1)

5,000 4+2−3
300 2,500 · 2
40
10 100 · 3
3 5·4·2

23. * Match these mathematical expressions with the results. (2)

8 22 · 5
1 23
20 40
2 6·2
12 3−1

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 MATHEMATICS 1º and 2º | CHAPTER 1 | Exercise Book

24. ** Match these mathematical expressions with the results. (3)

12,500 4+3
1,346 4·3
81 50 · 250
12 1,502 - 156
7 3·3·3·3

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