ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

1) What is artificial intelligence?

A: Artificial Intelligence is a branch of computer science that deals with

system that exhibits some forms of intelligence that is system can think like
humans, can act like humans that can learn new concepts, draw useful
conclusions.

2) Define rational agent?

A: A rational agent is one that performs right action. This right action
makes the agent to achieve the best outcome.

3) Describe a problem-solving agent?

A: A problem-solving agent is a goal-based agent, determines the sequence

of actions which results in successful states.

4) What are the foundations of A.I?

A: a) Philosophy

b)Mathematics

c) Phychology

d)Computer engineering

5) What is a states space search?

A: It is a concept where in the problem is solved based on the assessment of

steps that may lead to desired solutions.

6) Explain depth first search (DFS)?

A: It is a searching strategy which expands the root node first selects a

particular successor node and explores it deep until leaf node is reached.
7) Explain breadth first search (BFS)?

A: It is a searching strategy which expands all the nodes at a particular level

of a search tree with respect to given depth and then proceeds to the next
level of nodes.

8) What is a heuristic search?

A: It is a searching strategy that makes use of domain or problem specific

knowledge to quickly find the solution and improve the efficiency of
searching process.

9) What is greedy best first search?

A: It is a particular case of searching algorithm in which a node that is

closest to goal is selected for exploration.

10) Discuss about A* algorithm?

A: A* algorithm is a bfs algorithm that is both admissible(finds the least cost

path to goal node) and computationally optimal (performs searching in
optimal time).

11) What is alpha-beta pruning?

A: It is a searching algorithm that improves the efficiency of minimax

algorithm by reducing the number of nodes.

12) Distinguish between problem tree and problem graph?

A: A problem tree doesn’t consist a cycle, where as a graph consist of a

cycle.

13) What is meant by fully autonomous?

A: A fully autonomous agent is an agent that is capable enough to take

decision without any intervention from an external entity like human
operator.
14) What is propositional logic?

A: This type of logic uses symbols to represents factor known as facts.

15) What is first order logic?

A: This type of logic uses the objects, predicates on objects, connectives and
quantifiers to represent factor.

16) Explain Bayesian reasoning method?

A: It is a reasoning approach used for modeling the behavior of the system

based on the collected evidence.

17) What is a script?

A: Script is a structure that comprises set of slots, where in every individual

slot maintains the information regarding the type of value it stores.

18) What is a horn sentence?

A: Horn sentences or horn clauses are the clauses that have at most one
positive literal.however; there is no limit for the negative literals.

19) Define unification algorithm?

A: It is a slight forward recursive procedure that is responsible for

determining contradictions between two literals and identity whether there
exist a set of substitutions that makes the literal identical.

20) What is a well-formed formula?

A: It can be defined as a finite sequence of symbols which are generated

according to grammatical rules.