www.virgintrains.co.

uk

Module: Organizational Resource Management

Course: PGD in Business Management (Level 7)

Institute: Essex College of Management and IT

Submitted to: Mr.Amar

Submitted By: Muhammad Imran Khan

April, 2011

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 Table of Contents

Title page

Statement of Originality..........................................................................4

Acknowledgement..................................................................................5

Executive Summary...............................................................................6

TASK 1

1.1 Introduction……………………..…………………………………..………………………..………….7

1.2 Vision and Objectives of Virgin Trains……………………..………………………………..7

1.3 Human Resource Planning…………………………………………………..……………………..9

1.4 Human Resource Planning in Virgin Trains……………………………………………….10

1.5 Efficiency of Virgin Trains HR Strategy……………………………………………………..11

TASK 2

2.1 Recruitments, Selection and Training in Virgin Trains……………………………….13

2.2 Qualitative Delphi approach……………………………………………………………………….15

TASK 3

3.1 Motivation and its Impact on Virgin Trains………………………………………………18

3.2 Critical Evaluation on Motivation………………………………………………………………19

3.3 Maslow’s theory of Motivation…………………………………………………………………..20

3.4 Criticism on Maslow’s Theory……………………………………………………………………22

TASK 4

4.1 Marketing and Marketing Mix…………………………………………………………….………23

4.2 Marketing Mix of Virgin Group…………………………………………………………………..23

4.3 7 P,s of Virgin Trains…………………………………………………………………………..…24

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 4.4 Virgin Group Boston Matrix…………………………………………..………………………..26

4.5 Product life cycle of Virgin Group………………………………………….………………..28

TASK 5

5.1 Place of Information Systems in Virgin Trains.................................. 31

5.2 Alternative Methods for Business IS................................................33

TASK 6

6.1 Lean Enterprises……………………………………………………………………………….……..34

6.2 Profit and not For profit Organization……………………………………………………..34

Conclusion.............................................................................................35

References.............................................................................................36

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STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY

I hereby certify that iam the sole author of this assignment and that no part of
this assignment has been published or submitted for publication.

I certify that, to the best of my knowledge, my assignment does not consist of

any other material from the work of other people.

I declare that this is a true copy of my assignment, including any final revisions
and this assignment has not been submitted for a higher degree to any other
University or Institution.

Thank You

Muhammad Imran Khan

Student PGD Level 7

Essex College of Management & IT

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I Muhammad Imran Khan, sincerely thankful to my GOD and all those people
who have been gave me any kind of assistance in the making of this
assignment.

I thanks to all my college management who’s trained teachers gave me

conceptual understanding, which made my job more easy. I also thanks to my
friends who gave me strength and confidence to complete the assignment
without any difficulty.

Muhammad Imran Khan

Student PGD Level 7

Essex College of Management & IT

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Executive Summary

In this assignment I will give the brief introduction of that what is Human
Resource Management and Marketing Mix, then I will also put a light on what is
Human Resource Planning and how it helps an Organization to accomplish its
goals. My assignment is on Virgin Trains and I will try my best to explain the
HRM and Marketing strategies of Virgin trains. I will also critically evaluate some
of the things which are necessary for the growth of an Organization. Elements
like recruitment, motivation, selection and different tools which are used for
Marketing Mix by using different theories and references.

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Introduction

All Organizations have peoples they have Human Resources. In spite of the size
of an Organization or the amount of its capital, the Organization survives and
thrives because of the capabilities and performance of its people. The actions to
maximize those capabilities and that performance are necessary apart from
whether the Organization refers to them as Human Resource Management,
Human Resource development or Human Resources or has no formal name for
those activities at all. Those activities are the responsibility of all people in the
Organization. Thus, members of Organizations regardless of size or resources
will benefit from using the resources. (Monell V. New York City Dept. of social
Servs, 1978).

‘’Human Resources may be the most misunderstood of all corporate

departments but it’s also the most necessary. Those who work in Human
resources are not only responsible for hiring and firing, they also handle
contacting job references and administering employee benefits’’. (Johnny,
2010).

In the beginning Virgin Trains follows Managers Employee Traditional way of

working i.e., Top Down approach till 1993. They empower the customers and
facing the employees. All the authorities and decision power was in the hand of
higher management, they make decisions and implement on the employees. In
Virgin trains sometimes it was difficult for the employees to accept their
decisions, task and time limits for the task. But in the mean while they also were
discovering the possible ways of improving operational performance.

Vision & Objectives of Virgin Trains

The Chief Executive of the company, Tony Collins, set out his vision for the
company ‘‘To become the most safe, consistent, reliable and profitable of the
train operating franchises in a climate that respects different views and people
need not be afraid to be open and honest’’.

Virgin Trains involve the empowerment of staff to take responsibility and

ownership of their performance and this vision makes the virgin Trains different.
Virgin Trains adopt the Human Resource soft system for proper co-ordination
with customers as well as with the employees. In Human Resource system they
take feedback from customers and also from the employees. Virgin Trains allows
the employees to give suggestions by feedback through seminars, meetings and

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internal memo system and this approach is democratic approach. Managers
positively encourage employees to get involved in running the company by
asking questions, challenging ideas and being prepared to disagree and suggest
better way of working. This develops good relationship and increase employee
confidence that managers will follow up on ideas and feedback from front line
workers.

The key objectives of the Virgin Trains are profit- making Organization by
satisfying the customers who will use service over and over again. To achieve
this objective they must have to provide better service.

Source: www.thetimes100.co.uk

Human Resource Planning is a vital part of Human Resource Management (HRM)

in Virgin Trains. HRM is a planned approach to the management of a Virgin
Trains and also to employees. It includes,

 Strategic aspects of resourcing.

 Recruitment.

 Staff Retention.

 Leadership and Change.

 Strategic aspects of developing.

 Career development.

 Salaries.

 Incentives.

 Pensions and benefits.

 Employee performance.

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 Human Resource Planning

A process which anticipates and maps out the consequences of business strategy
on an organization's human resources. This is reflected in planning of skill and
competence needs as well as total headcounts. For resourcing strategies to be
implemented they must be translated into practical action. The strategic process
can be organized logically - for example, Human Resource Management in a
Business Context. For these decisions to be taken, information must be
obtained, consequences gauged, political soundings taken and preferences
assessed. It is clear that many of these decisions are fundamental to an
organization. If the implications are major, strategic decisions are taken at the
centre of the business. The role of the human resource function is two-fold:
(Verner, 1963).

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Human Resource Planning in Virgin Trains

Source: http://www.google.co.uk/imgres?
imgurl=http://www.hrtechnologies.com.au/images/HR-Platinum-Cycle-

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Efficiency of Virgin Trains HR Strategy

The founder of Virgin Group Sir Richard Branson strategically targets ‘five
pillars’’ of the business empire: travel, leisure, mobile phones, entertainment
retailing and personal finance.

http:// www.virginmoney.com/newscentre/news2002 3.html press release 30-

01-2002 Visited date 14-04-11, time 11.04.

Human resource strategy of Virgin Trains to bring more adequate people,

knowledgeable, having skills to meet up company vision and objective. The
Virgin Trains HR strategies have all the mechanism to obtain and achieve the
Virgin Group corporate strategy and goals.

The HR strategy of Virgin Trains is set up by mutual understanding and after

meetings and seminars within the whole group, so its mechanism is totally
designed according to the corporate strategy of Virgin Group.

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Useful staffing not only attracts individuals to the organisation, but it also
increases the chances of retaining them once they are hired whereas smaller
organisations may do little more than rely on word of mouth. Current
management concept challenges recruitment and selection of people that
basically leave from the strange selected role of the human resource
department. (Waldinger, 1999)

Human Resource Management theories focus on methods of recruitment and

selection and highlight the advantages of interviews, general assessment and
psychometric testing as employee selection processes. The recruitment process
could be internal or external or could also be online and involves the stages of
recruitment policies are,

• Advertising,
• Job description,
• Job application process,
• Interviews, assessment,
• Decision making,
• Legislation
• Selection
• Training

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Human resource management (HRM), or human resource development, entails
planning, implementing, and managing recruitment, as well as selection,
training, career, and organizational development initiatives within an
organization. The goal of HRM is to maximize the productivity of an organization
by optimizing the effectiveness of its employees while simultaneously improving
the work life of employees and treating employees as valuable resources.
Consequently, HRM encompasses efforts to promote personal development,
employee satisfaction, and compliance with employment-related laws.

(Price, 2007)

Recuritment of Employees in Virgin trains

Virgin trains recurit the employees through online system, they just advertise
the jobs on the Virgin Trains web site. They are not using any other tools and
techniques for recuriting the employees. As in the UK all companies have staff
recuriting agreements with the recuritment consultants and they outsource the
experienced and well qualified professionals.

Some of the companies they use other tools for recuriting like media, job
hunting web sites and job centers, and peoples can easily acess the job
vacancies. So, Virgin Trains HR management must have to think about it.
According to my point of view Virgin Trains HR department have to arrange the
surrvey reagrding the recuritment for their better development.One more weak
point of Virgin Trains regarding the recuritment is that they didn,t offer graduate
scheme and University students placemet. So, Virgin Trains must have to review
these weaknesses which will be helpful for them to sustain in the market in long
term.

Source: www.virgintrainscareers.co.uk/Exp/FAQS.asPX

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Selection of Employees in Virgin Trains

Virgin Trains for selection doing the online system.Form is uploaded on Virgin
Trains web site in career section where candidate provides all his or her
personnel detail in the form. Virgin Trains also ensure the candidates that their
data will be safe and no missuse according to the Data Protection Act 1998.After
that all the data of candidates forward to data hub where the candidates are
short listed according to the job specifications and then they inform by E-mail to
the candidates which are sucessful. Interview time and date is also mentioned in
the mail and they provide flexibility if any candidate is not available at that day
and time they change it with mutual understanding and availability.

My point of view is that there should a written IQ test or general screen out test
before interview in this way they can esiliy access the professionals and created
mind peoples and it will be help full for them during the interview. So, Virgin
Trains HR department have to think about it to hire highly professional minded
peoples.

Source: www.virgintrainscareers.co.uk

Training

Virgin Trains also provides the training to the selected employees in the training
center. Training period depeneds upon the specification of jobs normally 3-4
weeks. Virgin Trains provide both internal and external courses and training
opportunities for employees. It includes coaching skills or encourging peoples
how to ask questions and take responsibility. It also provide Leadership program
for front line workers and managers.

According to my point of view Virgin Trains really provides high-quality

professionsl training to the Employees. By giving the training they make their

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employees more professional and they update their knowledge according to the
new technology and business technique. Another good point is that Virgin
Training Center also provides several facilities to their own staff and as well as
to other peoples who are intrsted to get the trainings.

Source: www.thetimes100.co.uk

Source: www.virgintrains.co.uk

Qualitative Delphi Approach

Delphi Technique origionally introduced by RAND corporation, Delphi techniqye

needs to be applied systematically to produce reliable and valid results in order
to avoid discrepences. Delphi technique is totally based upon litreature. Virgin
Trains using qualitative Delphi technique and its critically evaluation and benefits
are given below

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Desirability (Effectiveness or Benefits)
Very Desirable —Will have a positive effect and little or no negative effect
— extremely beneficial
— justifiable on its own merit
Desirable —will have a positive effect and little or no negative effect
— beneficial
— justifiable as a by-product or in conjunction with other items
Undesirable — will have a negative effect
— harmful
— may be justified only as a by-product of a very desirable
item, not justified as a by-product of a desirable item
Very — will have a major negative effect
Undesirable — extremely harmful
— not justifiable
Feasibility (Practicality)
Definitely — no hindrance to implementation
Feasible — no R&D required
— no political roadblocks
— acceptable to the public
Possibly — some indication this is implementable
Feasible — some R&D still required
— further consideration or preparation to be given to political or
public reaction
Possibly — some indication this is unworkable
Unfeasible — significant unanswered questions
Definitely — all indications are negative
Unfeasible — unworkable
— cannot be implemented
Importance (Priority or Relevance)
Very Important — a most relevant point
— first-order priority
— has direct bearing on major issues
— must be resolved, dealt with, or treated

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Important — is relevant to the issue
— second-order priority
— significant impact but not until other items are treated
— does not have to be fully resolved
Slightly — insignificantly relevant
Important — third-order priority
— has little importance
— not a determining factor to major issue
Unimportant — no priority
— no relevance
— no measurable effect
— should be dropped as an item to consider
Confidence (In Validity of Argument or Premise)
Certain — low risk of being wrong
— decision based upon this will not be wrong because of this
"fact"
— most inferences drawn from this will be true
Reliable — some risk of being wrong
— willing to make a decision based on this but recognizing
some chance of error
— some incorrect inferences can be drawn
Risky — substantial risk of being wrong
— not willing to make a decision based on this alone
— many incorrect inferences can be drawn
Unreliable — great risk of being wrong
— of no use as a decision basis

Source: http://is.njit.edu/pubs/delphibook/ch3c1.html

Motivation and Its impact on Virgin Trains

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Motivation is to give reason, incentive, enthusiasm, or interest that causes a specific action or
certain behaviour. Motivation is present in every life function. Simple acts such as eating are
motivated by hunger. Education is motivated by desire for knowledge. Motivators can be
anything from reward to coercion. (Hirschman, 2002)

Internal and external factors that stimulate desire and energy in people to be continually
interested in and committed to a job, role or subject, and to exert persistent effort in attaining
a goal. Motivation is the energizer of behaviour and mother of all action. It results from the
interactions among conscious and unconscious factors such as the

• Intensity of desire or need

• Incentive or reward value of the goal
• Expectations of the individual and of his or her significance

(Bjurgert, 2010)

Types of Motivation

There are two main broad categories of motivation, i.e,

 Intrinsic Motivation
 Extrinsic Motivation

Virgin Trains use both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations in order to join and stay
talented workers and perform better and do extra for Organization i.e is one of
the most important part that’s Virgin trains is focusing in order to get success
and competitive advantage. So, continues monitoring and close observation of
factors that motivate the employee is necessary to maintain a competent work
force. Virgin Trains motivate the employees with rewards, bonuses and by
promotions. It also motivates the employees by arranging the workshops and

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seminars by giving the chances to employees to share the ideas and suggestions
with the higher managements.

After critical view and search I observed that Virgin Trains realized it very well
that only with competent force an Organization can achieve its objectives. And
it’s only possible if there is a proper motivation process i.e. motivates the right
people who devote their intensions for the growth of an organization.

Secondly the performance appraisal activities play important role in motivation

of the employees of the Virgin Trains. It is a major factor that makes an
employee feels good in his work and result in his happiness too. Virgin Trains
gives both extrinsic and intrinsic rewards.

Critical Evaluation on Motivation

Motivation is defined “as a process of arousing, directing and maintaining

behaviour towards a goal.” Where “directing” refers to the selection of a
particular behaviour; and ‘maintenance” refers to the inclination to behave with
consistency in that manner until the desired outcome is met. Motivation is the
force that transforms and uplifts people to be productive and perform in their
jobs. Maximizing employee’s motivation is a necessary and vital to successfully
accomplish the organization’s targets and objectives. However, this is a
considerable challenge to any organizations managers, due to the complexity of
motivation and the fact that, there is no readymade solution or an answer to
what motivates people to work well. (Blinder, 1990)

Maslow’s Theory of Motivation

‘’In 1943, Abraham Maslow's article A Theory of Human Motivation appeared in

Psychological Review, which were further extended upon in his book: Toward a Psychology

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of Being In this article, Abraham Maslow attempted to formulate a needs-based framework
of human motivation and based upon his clinical experiences with humans, rather than prior
psychology theories of his day from leaders in the field of psychology such as Freud and B.F.
Skinner, which were largely theoretical or based upon animal behaviour. From Maslow's
theory of motivation, modern leaders and executive managers find means of employee
motivation for the purposes of employee and workforce management’’. (Maslow, 1946)

There are some basic needs and steps which are show below in the Maslow
Hierarchy of Needs Chart,

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Chart

Virgin Trains actually follows Maslow’s Hierarchy Theory of Motivation; there are
staffs motivation opportunities in Virgin Trains by motivating each employee all
the way through their style of management, compensation plans and company
activities.

 Physiological Motivation: Virgin Trains provide sufficient breaks for lunch

and pay salaries that allow workers to buy life's essentials.
 Safety Needs: Virgin Trains provide safe working environment, relative job
security, health and safety and freedom from threats and pressure.

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 Social Needs: Virgin Trains generate a sense of acceptance, belonging,
and community by reinforcing team dynamics.
 Esteem Motivators: Virgin Trains identify achievements, assign vital
projects, and provide status to make employees feel valued and
appreciated.
 Self-Actualization: Offer challenging and significant work assignments
which enable innovations, creativity, and progress according to long-term
goals.

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 Criticism of Maslow’s Theory

Maslow’s Theory of motivation is actually very popular and most of the

organizations follow this theory. The limitation of this theory is that In some
cultures, social needs are placed more necessarily than any others. Further,
Maslow's hierarchy fails to explain the "starving artist" scenario, in which the
aesthetic neglects their physical needs to pursuit of aesthetic or spiritual goals.
Additionally, little evidence suggests that people satisfy exclusively one
motivating need at a time, other than situations where needs conflict.

Source:
http://www.envisionsoftware.com/articles/Maslows_Needs_Hierarchy.html

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Marketing Mix

‘’Marketing is the social process by which individuals and groups obtain what
they need and want through creating and exchanging products and value with
others’’. (Easton, 1994)

The successful business scheme will grow through the aggressive and pre-
planned implementation of a complete "Marketing Mix" strategy in approaching
revenues.

• Identify Audience or Vertical Market to Penetrate

• Allocate "Marketing Mix" Resources that Accommodate Audience in
Communications Process
• Implement Plan

The goal is to use both active and inactive mechanisms to reinforce the
"impression rate", (or number of times that your audience perceives that it
remembers), your corporate communications message to your target audience,
leading to increased revenues.
To be truly successful, all areas of the Marketing Mix need to be pre-planned and
then executed in a timely and disciplined fashion. (Owen, 1995).

Marketing of Virgin Company

As the man who started it all and behind the continuous success of the virgin
company in Virgin ib britian that caters to the different industry such as travell,
entertainment, ianpt only in Britmobile, life style and the finance
industry.Offering a new experience for every people not only in Britian but
globally. Behind the success of Virgin company it is intrsting to exmain the
marketing principles they emrased. Specifically the business travell segement of
Virgin trains and Virgin Atlantic.
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7P,s

‘’Marketing Mix is a general word used to explain different kinds of choices for an
organization to ensure the whole process of bringing the product and service to
market. While the 4 P’s are the way in which you can understand how to achieve
your desired goal. Here is a brief description of each component of the 4 P’s of
the marketing mix’’. (Kotler, 2010)

Marketing Mix of Virgin Trains includes 7P,s namely,

Product

The products catered by the business travel compliances Virgin trains and Virgin
Atlantic both provide product and services that meets the needs and demands of
its customers. The convenient and style being into their Trains and Planes is
something to look forward into and the excitement.

Pricing

Pricing strategy being employed in Virgin Trains and Atlantic offers flexibility to
its customers with pricing ranging to six varieties to choose from Virgin Atlantic
that would be more affordable.

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Promotion

The promotion of Virgin trains and Virgin Atlantic provides a great deal of
advantages to its customers. The advance booking scheme will give customers
discounts and in the case of group travels they also offers the best deals that
can save up to 70% from its normal rate.

Place

Virgin Trains operates from train services on the West coast line this links
England, Wales and Scotland. The principle rote is the 400 miles stretch from
London Euston to Glasgow Central. From this track branch of f to the West
midlands, Liverpool, Manchester and North Wales

People

Behind every company success are the peoples who made it possible. The
workforce of Virgin as a whole contributes to a large extent such as talents are
being empowered and constantly being challenged by the demands of the
changing trends of consumer behaviour.

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Virgin Group’s Boston Matrix

‘’The BCG Growth-Share Matrix is a portfolio planning m model developed by

Bruce Henderson of the Boston Consulting Group in the early 1970,s.It is based
on the observation that the company business unit can be classified into four
categories based on combination of market growth and market share relative to
the largest competitor, hence the name growth share’’.

This BCG matrix is helpful for the analysis of Virgin Group’s successful range of
products and services looking at their sale quantity in market and the trend for
their products in the market.

Source: http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/matrix/bcg/

(Cash Generation)

High Stars
Dives
grow
Business t
Selectively

Growth rate Virgin Arlines

Virgin Media

Defend share

Dives
t

Low Virgin Trains Virgin Mobiles

High

Source: http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/matrix/bcg/

BCG matrix four segments clearly explain which product and service, falls in
which group.

Stars (high growth and high market) .

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 Virgin Airline is a star because it has high growth and high market share
because of their services, facilities, customer satisfaction and target
orientation.

Cash cows (low growth market share high)

Virgin Trains has low growth and high market share because they are
enhancing stations, developing new routes.

Dogs (low growth low market share)

Virgin Mobiles is lies in dogs because there are many competitors in the
market with advance technology and new models like 3G mobiles, I
phone and Nokia are the big giants of UK based market.

Question mark or Problem child (high growth low market share)

Virgin Broadband lies in problem child because it has high growth and
low market share. The UK market is captured by SKY Media, in case if
the market share downs Virgin media can switched to star.

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Product Life Cycle of Virgin Group

Product life cycle is a series of stages start from introduction of product and end
on decline stage. At each stage organization take different strategy according to
product nature, environment, profits, revenues and customers.

Following are the stages of product life cycle.

1-Introduction

2-Growth

3-Maturity

4-Decline

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Virgin Trains is in the stage of growth because sales start rapidly increasing and
product adopted by most of the customer. Organization maintains the quality to
build long term relationship with customers. Price for the product is maintained
and additional features and support services may be added to gain customer
trust.

Virgin Media is in introduction stage, Virgin group put a lot of efforts and money
there is a lot of competition in telecom sector, which require customer
awareness and acceptance. Marketing budget is high due to different
promotional strategies; distribution is restricted to limited markets.

Virgin Airlines is in mature stage product sales reach to the saturation level
where growth is slow down due to competitor’s products presence in the market.
Distribution and promotion is carried in the same way or even spread more to
gain market share. Number of unit produce increase reduces the cost and
benefit the customers in the form of price cut.

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Virgin Mobiles This is a critical stage for organization to take critical decision. In
this stage Competition increase to great extent in this phase result in rapid
downward slope graph of sales. Organization might take decision to drop out this
product or try to stick with the product and hope for some better results

30
Place of Information Systems

Internet is rapidly changing the views of business and a means of marketing

information systems. Challenges are active in business models and opportunities
that organizations seeking accreditation for "Methods of e-business' by seeking a
competitive advantage. Organizations of all sizes feel" response "of the Internet
allows customers, supply chains and competitors, and this pressure is
particularly acute in the market when you touch technology clients and
information becomes the key to create the highest value to customers. The
importance of marketing information and is particularly evident in the economy
continue to put emphasis on the service in the form of an important source of
value.

Virgin Mobiles internal and external activities are totally based on Information
Systems either it’s LAN, WAN, developing or installation of software’s, within the
company or in order to capture the customers by e-marketing.

Marketing Information System consists of four major components ser Interface,

application Software, Marketing Data base which are used in Virgin Trains with
the help of which it keeps safe all the records of customers, their feedback
through the customer service offices.

MKIS Functional Components

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Source: Encyclopaedia of Information Systems, Vol.3 (2003) Elsevier Science
(USA), 137-151. Types of Information Systems

Alternative Methods for Business IS

In Virgin Trains all the data is computerized and the record is maintained by
using the advance information systems. Virgin Trains also use these information
systems for selling their products and for purchasing raw material.

There are so many alternative methods to describe business information system,

some of them are given below:

32
 • Cyber marketing---- The convergence of the internet, computers,
information systems, telecommunications and the customer with the
marketing process.

• Data mart---- A scaled down version of a data warehouse that usually

holds a subset of the entire data set in order to provide more focused and
faster access to specialized data.

• Data mining----- Computer based exploration and analysis of large

quantities of data in order to discover meaningful patterns and rules for
the purpose of improving marketing, sales and customer services
operations.

• Data warehouse---- Electronic storage that is a repository where data from

internal and external sources are collected, organized and stored for future
analysis.

• Marketing information system-----A computerized system that provides an

organized flow of information to enable and support the marketing
activities of an organization.

• On-line analytical processing------ A family of analysis and report

generating tools used to access large database. OLAP enables partially
aggregated data or full reports to be stored for fast, convenient access.

• Supply chain management------- Software applications that integrate

electronic procurement, inventory management, quality management and
logistics systems that link an enterprise to its suppliers.

Lean Enterprise

Many Enterprises has adopted a variety of management approaches to achieve

continues process improvement, enterprise change and transformation such as a
lean enterprise system, total quality management theory of constrains agile
manufacturing, and business process reengineering (BPR). Among them, the
lean enterprise system, with its origins in the Toyota Production System (TPS),
33
comes closest to providing a holistic view of enterprises as complex socio-
technical systems embodying a mutually supportive set of precepts and practices
driving enterprise operations at all levels (i.e., strategic, tactical, operational).
Rains With the help of this Enterprises Virgin Trains able to introduce new
products, wide range and services in the long run. Virgin Train also adopt the
competencies of TQM by providing training to the drivers, engineers and
technical staff.

Profit and Not for Profit Organization

Profit is the main difference between these two organizations. In for profit
organizations all services and products are maintained for getting more and
more profit but in not for profit organization companies earn profit for running
the organization expenses and in the main while the main focus is peoples. In
both organizations for profit and not for profit there focus is to help the peoples
and provide them the services. Virgin Trains also arrange the charity for poor
people’s as in past they provide the food stuffs for Libyan peoples.

We can say that Virgin Trains at once running both for profit and not for profit
system which attracts the peoples and will be helpful for the growth of Virgin
Trains.

34
Conclusions

I conclude that for an organisational growth HRM department plays a vital role
for meeting its organisation goal, as well as for Human resource management
the human resource planning(HRP) plays an important role because it estimate
and evaluates those actions, processes and operations, through which you can
attain your aim. Motivation is a necessary thing for any organisation to achieve
its goals. In the staff is motivated by the organisation than it will increase the
outcome. But it is also necessary that what type of motivation is used and either
it is beneficial or not because if we are using a wrong approach and its outcome
is nothing than its better not use it. The results indicated a significant
relationship between job motivation and competitive advantage. Motivation is a
necessary thing for any organisation to achieve its goals. In the staff is
motivated by the organisation than it will increase the outcome. Marketing mix is
also an essential element for the business, profitable business is all about
strategy because if your strategy is good than you can survive and can have an
edge over your rivals, you have understand that what is going on in the market
you are in and what kind of community is your prime target.

Virgin Trains follows all the HR strategies, motivation and marketing mix which
will be useful for its growth in future and can be easily sustain its brand in the
market.

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References

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