Professional Documents
Culture Documents
*Temperature and heat are brought to mind in the same situations. Although temperature
*To measure the temperature on a macroscopic scale we use a device called __________
*The most useful temperature scale is linear. What is the minimum number of points you
need to calibrate a linear scale?
_____________________________________________________________________
Note we do not use the term degrees with the Kelvin Scale.
*What is the triple point of water?
*Which two points should we use to calibrate the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales?
*What are the slope and y-intercept of the line comparing the Celsius and Fahrenheit
scales?
*Looking at an object on the microscopic level we see that the molecules comprising it
are in constant motion. As we heat the object the motion becomes ________________
*When two objects come into contact Energy flows from _________________________
*What happens to the temperatures of the two objects? Justify your answer
*What happens when two objects of the same temperature are in contact with one
another?
*What is it called when the two objects are at the same temperature and there is no heat
flow?
*If you have two objects of different temperatures coming into contact with each other
what can you say about the final temperature of each object?
*If one object is in thermal equilibrium with two other objects, what can you say about
those two other objects?
*What do you think happens to the temperature of a nail that we hammer into a board?
*What is the mechanical energy expended by our apparatus? Show your work!
*How many calories of heat are needed to raise the temperature of the water by 0.01 of a
degree Celsius in our simulated apparatus? Show your work
*The mass of the nail is 5.0g, the temperature change of the nail is 10°C, it takes an input
of 0.11 cal/g to raise the temp of the nail 1°C. Show your work.
*If energy is conserved, the total heat transferred from the hotter object must equal
____________________________________________________________________
*Why doe the tea cool down so little and the mug heat up so much?
*Name the three common phases of matter and give the water example of each
*How will the temperature increase in ice in regards to the heat input?
*What happens to the temperature of the ice-water mixture as heat is added and ice
continues to melt?
*When the water starts to boil and undergo the phase change from liquid to gas, what
happens to the temperature? why?
*What do you think affects the total amount of heat released during a phase transition
besides the latent heat term?
*Write the equation for the heat involved in a phase change. Define your variables.
*Do the same problem but now add 10g of ice at 0°C
*Define conduction:
*Liquids and gasses are generally poor conductors of heat relative to solids. Why do you
think this is so?
*Define Convection:
in order to ____________________________________________
*What two things affects the rate at which an object radiates energy?
*Write the equation for rate of radiation. Name it, define your variables.
*What type of object has an emissivity close to one?
*Approximately how much greater is the rate of radiant heat output for an object at
1000°C than for the same object at 250°C
*What is the initial rate of heat loss per cookie? Show your work
*If we double the cookies’ diameter how does this affect the initial rate of heat loss per
cookie?
it is called _____________________________________
*What happens to the diameter of an iron ring when you heat it to a higher temperature?
*What happens to the diameter of the hole in the aluminum sheet after you heat the
aluminum to a higher temperature?
*How do the coefficients for liquids and gasses compare to those for solids?
*Write down the three gas laws and their names and the conditions under which they are
true.
*If a given quantity of gas at a constant temperature has its pressure reduced by one-
fourth, how will this affect its volume?
*Sketch the graph that exhibits Charles’ Law. Make sure to label the axes and explain
the graph.
* 0 Kelvin = _______________________ °C
*Write the equation for the number of moles of a gas. Define your variables
*Write the ideal Gas law in terms of the number of gas molecules
*Write the equation that relates temperature and kinetic energy. Define your variables
*Write the equation for the first law of thermodynamics. (Define your variables very
carefully)!!!
*What is the work done on a gas where the volume is changed while allowing the gas to
remain in equilibrium?
*Write what we know for an isothermal process including what happens to the internal
energy in an isothermal process.
*Sketch and compare P-V diagrams for isothermal and adiabatic processes.
*Write the equation for the change in internal energy for one cycle and the work done for
one cycle of a heat engine
*Write the equation for the efficiency of a heat engine in terms of work, and also only in
terms of heat. Define your variables
*Consider an engine that has a power output of 80000 J/s, a heat input rate of 4000
J/cycle and runs at 100 cycles/second. What is the efficiency of the engine? Show your
work
*Explain the Carnot cycle in detail and sketch the P-V diagram
*Write the equation for the Carnot engine efficiency. Define your variables.