Elfini Solver Verification: What's New? User Tasks

Elfini Solver Verification Version 5 Release 14 Page 1
Elfini Solver Verification
Overview
Conventions
What's New?
User Tasks
Static Analysis
Cylindrical Roof Under its Own Weight
Morley's Problem
Twisted Beam
Thick Cylinder
Space Structure on Elastic Supports
Bending of a Beam
Frequency/Modal Analysis
Free Vibrations of a Compressor Blade
Free Thin Square Plate
Free Vibrations of a Simply-supported Thin Square Plate
Plane Vibrations of a Simply-supported Double Cross
Deep Simply-supported Solid Beam
Modal Analysis of a Beam with Axial Load
Buckling Analysis
Buckling of a Straight Beam (Out-of-Plane Buckling)
Buckling of a Straight Beam (In-Plane Buckling)
Lateral Buckling of Narrow Rectangular Beam
Dynamic Response Analysis
Harmonic Forced Vibration of a Simply-supported Thin Square Plate
Transient Forced Vibration of a Simply-supported Thin Square Plate
Transient Dynamic Response of a Clamp Beam with Different Inertia
Transient Response of a Spring-mass System with Imposed Acceleration
Harmonic Forced Vibration of a Plane Grid
Thermo Mechanical Analysis
Thermal Expansion of a Beam
Analysis of an Assembly
Beams with Fastened Connection
Composites
Bonded Blades in Compression
Index
Overview
Welcome to the ELFINI Solver Verification Guide. This guide provides a series of mechanical problems to
test the accuracy of the ELFINI Finite Element Solver.
This overview provides the following information:
● Before reading this manual
● Getting the most out of this guide
● Accessing sample documents
● Conventions used in this guide
Before Reading this Guide

Before reading this guide, we recommend that you read the Generative Structural Analysis User's Guide
and Advanced Meshing Tools User's Guide.
You may also like to read the following product guides, for which the appropriate license is required:
● Infrastructure User's Guide Version 5

● Part Design User's Guide
● Assembly Design User's Guide
Getting the Most Out of this Guide

To get the most out of this guide, each mechanical problem has an analytical or reference solution and an
associated CATPart or CATAnalysis document.
This guide is divided in the following distinctive chapters:
● Static Analysis: description of several linear static analysis problems and comparison of results.
● Modal Analysis: free vibration analysis of several problems and comparison of results.
● Buckling Analysis: computation of critical loads creating structure instability and comparison of results.
● Dynamic Response Analysis: dynamic analysis of several problems and comparison of results.
● Thermo Mechanical Analysis: thermal expansion of an element and comparison of results.
● Analysis Assembly: analysis of several elements assembled with a fastened connection and comparison
of results.
● Composites: analysis of composites created with isotropic materials and comparison of results.
Accessing sample documents

To perform the scenarios, you will be using sample documents contained in the online/elfug/samples folder.
For more information about this, please refer to Accessing Sample Documents in the Infrastructure User's
Guide.
Conventions
Certain conventions are used in CATIA, ENOVIA & DELMIA documentation to help you recognize and understand
important concepts and specifications.
Graphic Conventions
The three categories of graphic conventions used are as follows:
● Graphic conventions structuring the tasks
● Graphic conventions indicating the configuration required
● Graphic conventions used in the table of contents
Graphic Conventions Structuring the Tasks
Graphic conventions structuring the tasks are denoted as follows:
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estimated time to accomplish a task
a target of a task
the prerequisites
the start of the scenario
a tip
a warning
information
basic concepts
methodology
reference information
information regarding settings, customization, etc.
the end of a task

functionalities that are new or enhanced with this release
allows you to switch back to the full-window viewing mode
Graphic Conventions Indicating the Configuration Required
Graphic conventions indicating the configuration required are denoted as follows:
This icon... Indicates functions that are...
specific to the P1 configuration
Graphic Conventions Used in the Table of Contents
Graphic conventions used in the table of contents are denoted as follows:
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Site Map
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What's New?
Overview
Getting Started
Basic Tasks
User Tasks or the Advanced Tasks
Workbench Description
Customizing
Reference
Methodology
Glossary
Index
Text Conventions
The following text conventions are used:
● The titles of CATIA, ENOVIA and DELMIA documents appear in this manner throughout the text.
● File -> New identifies the commands to be used.
● Enhancements are identified by a blue-colored background on the text.
How to Use the Mouse

The use of the mouse differs according to the type of action you need to perform.
Use this
mouse button... Whenever you read...
● Select (menus, commands, geometry in graphics area, ...)

● Click (icons, dialog box buttons, tabs, selection of a location in the document window,
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● Double-click
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● Right-click (to select contextual menu)

What's New?
New Functionalities
Analysis Assembly
Beams with Fastened Connections

You can test an assembly of two beams and compare it with an entire beam.
Composites
Bonded Blades in compression

You can test surface mesh on composites created with isotropic materials.
User Tasks
Static Analysis
Frequency/Modal Analysis
Buckling Analysis
Composites
Static Analysis
This chapter contains static linear analysis problems which illustrate some of the features and capabilities of
CATIA-ELFINI.
Static linear analysis consists in finding the deformed shape and the internal strains and stresses of an elastic
structure subject to prescribed boundary conditions (displacement and traction types).
This chapter contains the following models and tasks:
Cylindrical Roof Under its Own Weight

Morley's Problem
Twisted Beam
Thick Cylinder
Space Structure on Elastic Supports
Bending of a Beam
Cylindrical Roof Under Its Own Weight
This test, also known as the Scordelis-Lo roof, lets you check analysis results for a cylindrical roof
under its own weight, in the context of a static case. You will use 2D meshes.
Before you begin:
The Cylindrical_Roof_QD8_15nodes.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this case,
computed with a mesh formed of parabolic quadrangle elements (QD8).
To compute the case with linear quadrangle (QD4), linear triangle (TR3) and parabolic triangle (TR6)
elements, proceed as follow:
1. Open the CATAnalysis document.

2. In the Advanced Meshing Tools workbench, replace the mesh specifications as indicated below.
3. In the Generative Structural Analysis workbench, compute the case.
Specifications
Geometry Specifications
Length: L = 3000 mm
Radius: R = 3000 mm
Thickness: th = 30 mm
Angle: Ø = 40 deg
Analysis Specifications
Young Modulus (material):
E = 30000 MPa
Poisson's Ratio (material):
ν=0
Load:
Surface Force Density (weight of the roof):
q = 6250 N_m 2 on y
Mesh Specifications:
● Number of nodes: 5 x 5
Restraints:
On B-C: Tx = Ty = Rz = 0
On C-D: Tz = Rx =Ry = 0
On D-A: Tz = Rx = Rz = 0
Results
The results (in mm) correspond to the normalized vertical displacement at Point A.
Computed Values
Linear Parabolic Parabolic

Linear Quadrangle Theoretical Values
Triangle Triangle Quadrangle
Number of (QD4)
(TR3) (TR6) (QD8)
Nodes
Shallow Deep
Shell Shell
5x5 29.56 40.83 40.18 37.05 37.03 36.10
9x9 34.57 37.88 37.84 36.39 37.03 36.10
15 x 15 37.04 38.54 37.12 36.74 37.03 36.10
Reference:
Computer analysis of Cylindrical Shells. SCORDELIS A.C., LO K.S., Journal of the American Concrete
Institute VOL 61 pp 539-561 1969

Morley's Problem
The purpose of this test is to evaluate the sensitivity of a plate element to the direction (angular
orientation) of the mesh on a plate in bending, in a context of a static case. You will use 2D meshes.
Before you begin:
The Morley_60degree_TR6_7nodes.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this case,
computed with a mesh formed of 7 nodes per edge and parabolic triangle elements (TR6).
The Morley_80degree_QD8_13nodes.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this case,
computed with a mesh formed of 13 nodes per edge and parabolic quadrangle elements (QD8).
To compute cases with other element types, angular orientation, and number of nodes, proceed as
follow:
1. Open the corresponding CATAnalysis document.

Specifications
Length: L = 1 mm
Thickness: th = 0.001 mm
Angle: Ø = 80, 60, 40, 30 deg
E = 3.107 MPa
Poisson's ratio (material):
ν = 0.3
Boundary conditions:
Tx = Ty = Tz = 0 on all edges
Pressure load:
1 MPa on the plate

Results
The vertical displacements at the center [mm] for various mesh directions are given in the following
tables.
Output Results (7x7 nodes)
Computed Value
Linear Parabolic Linear Quadrangle Parabolic Quadrangle
Triangle (TR3) Triangle (TR6) (QD4) (QD8)

Angle Theoretical value
80 deg 1.359 10-3 1.414 10-3 1.42 10-3 1.425 10-3 1.409 10-3
60 deg 0.925 10-3 0.9334 10-3 0.935 10-3 0.901 10-3 0.9318 10-3
40 deg 0.3455 10-3 0.3592 10-3 0.3538 10-3 0.2923 10-3 0.3487 10-3
30 deg 0.1474 10-3 0.1483 10-3 0.1538 10-3 0.1106 10-3 0.1485 10-3
Output results (13x13 nodes)
Computed Value
Linear Parabolic Linear Quadrangle Parabolic Quadrangle
Triangle (TR3) Triangle (TR6) (QD4) (QD8)

Angle Theoretical value
80 deg 1.409 10-3 1.431 10-3 1.422 10-3 1.422 10-3 1.409 10-3
60 deg 0.9403 10-3 0.9412 10-3 0.937 10-3 0.9306 10-3 0.9318 10-3
40 deg 0.3566 10-3 0.3558 10-3 0.3493 10-3 0.3271 10-3 0.3487 10-3
30 deg 0.153 10-3 0.1537 10-3 0.1497 10-3 0.1307 10-3 0.1485 10-3
Reference:
● MORLEY L.S.D., Skew plates and Structures, Pergamon Oxford 1963

● RAZZAQUE A., Program for Triangular Bending Elements with Derivative Smoothing, IJNME Vol 6,
pp333-343, 1973
Twisted Beam
This test lets you check analysis results for a twisted beam, in the context of a static case. You can use
either 2D and 3D meshes.
Before you begin:
The Twisted_beam_TE10.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis, computed with a mesh
formed of parabolic tetrahedron elements (TE10).
The Twisted_beam_TR6.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis, computed with a mesh
formed of parabolic triangle elements (TR6).
To compute the case with linear triangle (TR3), linear quadrangle (QD4), parabolic quadrangle (QD8),
and linear tetrahedron (TE4) elements, proceed as follow:
1. Open the corresponding document:

❍ Twisted_beam_TE10.CATAnalysis to compute a volume mesh,
❍ Twisted_beam_TR6.CATAnalysis to compute a surface mesh.
Specifications
Geometry specifications
Length: L = 12 m
Width: B = 1.1 m
Rotation:
90 degrees between O and A
Analysis specifications
E = 29 MPa
Poisson's ratio (material):
ν = 0.22
Size of Elements:
275 mm
Restraint:
Clamp on section O
Loads:
Two loads (surface force density) are applied on the beam
section at A.
Pz = 1 N or Py = 1 N
Results
The results correspond to the displacement in the direction of the load at Edge A.
Normalized results (computed results divided by analytic solution) are listed.
Linear Parabolic Linear Parabolic Linear Parabolic
Triangle Triangle Quadrangle Quadrangle Tetrahedron Tetrahedron
(TR3) (TR6) (QD4) (QD8) (TE4) (TE10)
Uz [mm] 2.842 1.751 1.752 1.75 0.83 1.749
Pz = 1
Normalized
1.62 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.47 1.00
Results
Uy [mm] 9.806 5.416 5.416 5.418 2.352 5.422
Py = 1 Normalized
Results 1.81 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.43 1.00
Reference:
MAC NEAL,R.,HARDER,R.L., A proposed standard set of problems to test finite element accuracy, Finite
Element Analysis Design, Vol. 1, P.3-20, 1985.

Thick Cylinder Under Internal Pressure
This test lets you check analysis results for a thick cylinder under internal pressure, in the context of a
static case. You will use 3D meshes.
Before you begin:
The Thick_cylinder_TE10.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis, computed with a mesh
The Thick_cylinder_HE20.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis, computed with a mesh
formed of parabolic hexahedron elements (HE20).
To compute the case with linear tetrahedron elements (TE4) and linear hexahedron elements (HE8),
proceed as follow:
1. Open the document:
❍ Thick_cylinder_TE10.CATAnalysis for linear tetrahedron elements (TE4),
❍ Thick_cylinder_HE20.CATAnalysis for linear hexahedron elements (HE8).
2. Enter the Advanced Meshing Tools workbench.
3. In the specification tree, double-click on the mesh:
❍ Volume mesh for linear tetrahedron elements (TE4),
❍ Surface mesh for linear hexahedron elements (HE8).
The Global Parameters dialog box is open.
4. Select the Linear element type.
5. Compute the case in the Generative Structural Analysis workbench.

Specifications
Inner radius: a = 0.1 m
Outer radius: b= 0.2 m
Height: H = 20 mm
The structure and the load being cylindrically symmetrical, only one quarter of the cylinder is modeled.
Young Modulus (material): E = 2. 105 MPa
Poisson's Ratio (material): ν= 0.3
Size = 10mm
Restraints:
The normal direction is restraint for upper, downer and side
faces
Load:
Uniform radial pressure: P = 60 MPa on the inner face

The analytical solution of this problem is

● For both components of the stress tensor within the part cylindrical axis:
● For the component of a displacement using the same axis:
Results
Computed Value
Linear Parabolic Linear Parabolic
Tetrahedron Tetrahedron Hexahedron Hexahedron

Position in Reference
Image Type (TE4) (TE10) (HE8) (HE20)
Space Value
Inner
Stress principal
Quarter
tensor
component
-60 MPa -56.8 MPa -60.1 MPa -52.7 MPa -59.8 MPa
(with C3
component
filter)
Stress principal
tensor
component
100 MPa 104 MPa 100 MPa 104 MPa 101 MPa
(with C1
component
filter)
Translational
displacement 59x10-6m 57.2x10-6m 57.2x10-6m 57.1x10-6m 57.2x10-6m

vector
Outer
Stress principal
Quarter
tensor
component
0 MPa -0.413 MPa 0.068 MPa -1.02 MPa 0.0432 MPa
(with C3
component
filter)
Stress principal
tensor
component
40 MPa 39 MPa 40 MPa 39.3 MPa 39.7 MPa
(with C1
component
filter)
Translational
displacement 40x10-6m 36.2x10-6m 36.4x10-6m 36.3x10-6m 36.4x10-6m

vector
Reference:
New developments in the finite element analysis of shells. LINDBERG G.M., OLSON M.D., COWPER G.R.
- Q. Bull div. Mech. Eng. and Nat. Aeronautical Establishment, National Research Council of Canada.
Space Structure on Elastic Support
This test lets you check space structure on elastic support, in the context of a static case. You will use
1D mesh.
This test proposed by SFM is used to validate the following attribute: discrete elastic coupling.
The SpaceStructure.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this case, computed with a
mesh formed of beam elements. Proceed as follow:
1. Open the CATAnalysis document,
2. Compute the case and generate an image called Deformed mesh.
Specifications
Length: L = 2000 mm
Inertia:
Ix/2 = Iy = Iz = 10-6 m4
Area:
a = 10-3 m2
E = 210 GPa
ν= 0.333333
Load (traction at D):
Fz = -10000 N
Boundary Conditions:
● Displacement Type:
❍ at A: four springs (one in translation, three in rotation, one of which is infinitely rigid)
❍ at B: four springs (one in translation, three in rotation, one of which is infinitely rigid)
❍ at H: ball joint (articulation with all three rotations released)
● Traction Type:
❍ at D: Fz = -10000 N
Results
The results correspond to the quantity at each point and according to x, y, or z.
Beam Output Results
Point Quantity Reference Computed Result

A Mx [N_m] -8437.5 -8438.14
A My [N_m] -1562.5 -1562.3
A Mz [N_m] 3125.0 3124.6
B Mx [N_m] 1562.5 1562.5
B My [N_m] 8437.5 8437.05
B Mz [N_m] 3125.0 3125.0
A v [mm] -29.76 -29.76
A θ [deg] 9.208 9.209
D w [mm] 370.04 370.07
Reference:
Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures, SSLL 04/89, pp.26-27, AFNOR technique
1990, SFM 10 Avenue Hoche 75008 PARIS

Bending of a Beam
This test lets you check analysis results for the bending of a beam, in the context of a static case. You will use 3D meshes.
Before you begin:
The Bending_of_a_beamTET10.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this case, computed with a mesh
The Bending_of_a_beamHE20.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this case, computed with a mesh
formed of parabolic hexahedron elements (HE20).
To compute the case with linear tetrahedron elements (TE4) and linear hexahedron elements (HE8), proceed as follow:
❍ Bending_of_a_beamTET10.CATAnalysis for linear tetrahedron elements (TE4),
❍ Bending_of_a_beamHE20.CATAnalysis for linear hexahedron elements (HE8).
❍ Volume mesh for linear tetrahedron mesh (TE4),

❍ Surface mesh for linear hexahedron mesh (HE8).
The Global Parameters dialog box is now open.
Specifications
CH = L = 6m
AH = L' = (2/3) L
DE = GF = 2a = 2m
EF = DG = 2b = 2m
E = 2e + 005 GPa
ν= 0.3
3D elements of 500mm
Load:
Moment on C:
My = 4/3e + 007 Nm
Restraint:
U = V = W = Rz = 0 on H
Results
● The analytic solution is:
● The table below presents the analysis results.
The results correspond to the means of the stress and the displacements in the section A.
Normalized results (computed results divided by analytical solution) are listed.

Analytical
Localization Type of Values Linear Parabolic Linear Parabolic
Solution
Tetrahedron (TE4) Tetrahedron (TE10) Hexahedron (HE8) Hexahedron HE20
Computed Normalized Computed Normalized Computed Normalized Computed Normalized
Results Results Results Results Results Results Results Results
Section A σzz[Mpa] 10 7.6 0.76 10 1 9.97 0.997 9.99 0.99
A UA [mm] -0.4 -0.329 0.823 -0.388 0.97 -0.389 0.973 -0.39 0.975
B WB [mm] 0.2 0.17 0.85 0.197 0.985 0.197 0.985 0.197 0.985
F or G VF=-VG [mm] 0.015 0.012 0.8 0.01485 0.99 0.0149 0.993 0.0149 0.993
D or E VD=-VE [mm] -0.015 -0.012 0.8 -0.01485 0.99 -0.0149 0.993 -0.0149 0.993
Reference:
Guide de validation des prologiciels de calcul de structures, SFM, Afnor Technique pp124-125
Modal Analysis
This chapter contains modal analysis problems. A modal analysis consists in finding the natural vibrations
frequencies and mode shapes of an elastic structure.
This chapter contains the following models and tasks:

Free Vibrations of a Simply-supported Thin Square Plate
Plane Vibration of Simply-supported Double Cross
This test lets you check analysis free vibrations results for a compressor blade in the context of a
modal (or frequency) case. You will use 2D meshes.
Before you begin:
The Free_vibrations_compressor_blade_QD8.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of
this case, computed with a mesh formed of parabolic and quadrangular elements (QD8).
To compute the case with linear quadrangle (QD4), linear triangle (TR3) and parabolic triangle (TR6)
elements, proceed as follow:

2. In the Advanced Meshing Tools workbench, replace the mesh specifications as indicated below,
Specifications
Length: L = 304.8 mm
Radius: R = 609.6 mm
Thickness: th = 3.048 mm
Angle: A = 28.6479 deg
(or 0.5 rad)
E = 2.0685e+011 N_m2
ν = 0.3
Density:
r = 7857.2 Kg/m3
11 x 11 nodes
Restraint:
BC straight edge is free
AD straight edge is clamped

Results
The table below presents the frequencies of the first six modes.
Computed Value
Linear Triangle Parabolic Linear Quadrangle Parabolic

Triangle (TR6)
11 x 11 (TR3) (QD4) Quadrangle (QD8) Reference value
nodes [Hz]
Mode 1 84.2461 82.8426 83.6888 85.7079 85.6
Mode 2 141.824 136.908 136.16 138.555 134.5
Mode 3 248.017 242.163 252.195 245.927 259.0
Mode 4 341.879 333.202 337.331 340.94 351.0
Mode 5 380.636 373.174 381.633 382.989 395.0
Mode 6 538.508 517.818 546.994 527.982 531.0
Reference:
● OLSON,M.D.,LINDBERG,G.M., Vibration analysis of cantilevered curved plates using a new

cylindrical shell finite element, 2nd Conf. Matrix Methods in Structural Mechanics, WPAFB, Ohio
1968
● OLSON,M.D.,LINDBERG,G.M., Dynamic analysis of shallow shells with a doubly curved triangular
finite element, JSV, Vol. 19, No 3, pp 299-318, 1971

This test lets you check analysis results for a free thin square plate, in the context of a Free Frequency Case. You
will use 2D meshes.
This test proposed by NAFEMS is used to validate the following attributes:
● Rigid body modes (3 modes)

● Repeated eigen values
● Kinematically incomplete suppressions
Before you begin:
The Free_Thin_Square_Plate_QD4.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this case, computed with
a mesh formed of linear quadrangle elements (QD4).
To compute the case with other elements (QD8, TR3 and TR6), proceed as follow:

Specifications
Length: L = 10000 mm
E = 200 GPa
ν= 0.3
Density: ρ =8000 kg/m3
● 8x8 elements mesh for linear element (TR3 and QD4)
● 4x4 elements mesh for parabolic element (TR6 and QD8)
The structure is free, hence the boundary conditions are:
Ty = Tz = Rx = 0
The Frequency case must be computed in Lanczos method with Shift Auto.
Results
The computed results present the frequency of the six modes after the three rigid body modes.
The normalized results are the computed results divided by the reference solution.
Values
Linear Triangle Linear Quadrangle Parabolic Triangle Parabolic Quadrangle
(TR3) (QD4) (TR6) (QD8)

Reference
Mode
Value
Computed Normalized Computed Normalized Computed Normalized Computed Normalized

Results Results Results Results Results Results Results Results
4 1.622 1.614 0.995 1.624 1.001 1.584 0.977 1.622 1.000

5 2.360 2.379 1.008 2.389 1.012 2.376 1.007 2.367 1.003
6 2.922 2.961 1.013 2.980 1.020 2.950 1.010 2.935 1.004
7 4.233 4.229 0.999 4.252 1.004 4.135 0.977 4.174 0.986
8 4.233 4.231 1.000 4.252 1.004 4.149 0.980 4.174 0.986
9 7.416 7.653 1.032 7.793 1.051 7.439 1.003 7.550 1.018
Reference:
BENCHMARK newsletter, April 1989, p.17, NAFEMS - Glasgow

Free Vibrations of a Simply-supported

Thin Square Plate
This test lets you check analysis results for a simply-supported thin square plate, in the context of a
free frequency case. You will use 2D meshes.
● 2D shell elements (i.e. the elementary stiffness and mass matrices)

● Free frequency solve algorithms (mainly repeated eigen values)
● Convergence of 2D shell elements (via several meshes)
Before you begin:
The Free_vibrations_simply_Thin_Square_Plate.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of
this case, computed with a mesh formed of 16 elements per edge, and parabolic quadrangle elements
(QD8).
To compute the case with other mesh sizes and element types, proceed as follow:

2. In the Advanced Meshing Tools workbench, replace the mesh size and element type.
3. In the Generative Structural Analysis workbench, compute the case, and activate the image
called Deformed mesh.
Specifications
E = 200 GPa
ν = 0.3
Density: ρ = 8000 kg/m3
The boundary conditions are:
Tx = Ty = Rz = 0 at all nodes
Tz = 0 along all four edges
Rx = 0 along edges x = 0 and x = 10000 mm
Ry = 0 along edges y = 0 and y = 10000 mm

Results
You will find here the results for different finite elements:
● parabolic triangle shell
● linear triangle shell
● parabolic quadrangle shell
● linear quadrangle shell
Parabolic Triangle Shell (32x32 elements)
Parabolic triangle shell (32x32 elements)
Mode Reference Frequency [Hz]
Frequency [Hz] Error [%]
1 2.377 2.377 0.013
2 5.942 5.943 0.019
3 5.942 5.943 0.021
4 9.507 9.516 0.095
5 11.884 11.882 0.013

6 11.884 11.883 0.010
7 15.449 15.467 0.118
8 15.449 15.469 0.126
To visualize the convergence of parabolic triangle shell elements with other mesh refinements, please
click here.
Linear Triangle Shell (64x64 elements)
Linear triangle shell (64x64 elements)
1 2.377 2.378 0.022
2 5.942 5.947 0.082
3 5.942 5.947 0.084
4 9.507 9.520 0.133
5 11.884 11.904 0.167
6 11.884 11.904 0.171
7 15.449 15.483 0.218
8 15.449 15.483 0.221

To visualize the convergence of linear triangle shell elements with other mesh refinements, please click
here.
Parabolic Quadrangle Shell (16x16 elements)
Parabolic quadrangle shell (16x16 elements)
1 2.377 2.376 0.022
2 5.942 5.940 0.026
3 5.942 5.940 0.026
4 9.507 9.503 0.038
5 11.884 11.880 0.034
6 11.884 11.880 0.034
7 15.449 15.442 0.049
8 15.449 15.442 0.049
To visualize the convergence of parabolic quadrangle shell elements with other mesh refinements,
please click here.
Linear Quadrangle Shell (32x32 elements)
Linear quadrangle shell (32x32 elements)

1 2.377 2.378 0.030
2 5.942 5.954 0.203
3 5.942 5.954 0.203
4 9.507 9.523 0.171
5 11.884 11.952 0.568
6 11.884 11.952 0.568
7 15.449 15.510 0.392
8 15.449 15.510 0.392
To visualize the convergence of linear quadrangle shell elements with other mesh refinements, please
click here.
Reference:
BENCHMARK newsletter, Report No. E1261/R002, February 1989, p.21, NAFEMS - Glasgow
Plane Vibrations of a Simply-supported

Double Cross
This test lets you check the plane vibration of a simply-supported double cross in the context of a
modal (or frequency) case. You will use a 1D mesh.
● bending-extension coupling
● multiple and close eigen values.
Before you begin:
The DoubleCross.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this case.
Proceed as follow:
Specifications
The recommended Finite Element Model uses four beam elements per arm.
Length: L = 5000 mm
Height: h = 125 mm
E = 200 GPa
ν= 0.3
Density:
d = 8000 Kg/m3
The structure is planar (all out-of plane motion is blocked). The eight ends of the double cross are
simply-supported, hence the boundary conditions are:
u = v = 0 at A, B, ... H.
The output consists of the 16 lowest natural frequencies of this structure.

Results
The table below presents the results (frequencies in Hz):
Reference Value Computed Result Error

Mode
[Hz] [Hz] [%]
1 11.336 11.336 0
2-3 17.687 17.687 0
4-8 17.715 17.715 0
9 45.477 45.477 0
10-11 57.364 57.364 0
12-16 57.683 57.683 0
Reference:
BENCHMARK newsletter, April 1989, p.14, NAFEMS - Glasgow

This test lets you check modal analysis results for a beam with 3D meshes formed of linear or parabolic
hexahedron elements.
Before you begin:
The Deep_simply_supported_solid_beam_HE8.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of
this case, computed with a mesh formed of linear hexahedron elements (HE8).
To compute the analysis with parabolic hexahedron elements (HE20), open the
Deep_simply_supported_solid_beam.CATPart document, and proceed as follow:
1. Define the mesh for the 2D surface presented in the CATPart document, using the Surface
Meshing workshop in the Advanced Meshing Tools workbench.
2. Extrude the mesh to obtain a 3D mesh.
3. Define analysis specifications as indicated below.
4. Compute the CATAnalysis and generate an image called Deformed mesh.
For a 3D hexahedron mesh, you need to create a mesh on a 2D part, then to extrude it with the
Extrude Mesher in Translation icon, in the Advanced Meshing Tools workbench.
Specifications
Length: L = 10 m
Width and Height: h = 3000 mm
E = 200000 MPa
ν = 0.3
Density:
ρ = 8000 kg_m3
Mesh specifications:
On x, y and z axis:
● For HE8: 1 x 3 x 10 elements

● For HE20: 1 x 1 x 5 elements
In the skew coordinate system (applied to the box
group):
Tx = 0 on face ABCD
Ty = 0 on edge CC'
Ty = Tz = 0 on edge DD'
Results
The results of the test are presented in the table below:
Parabolic Hexahedron Linear Hexahedron
(HE20) (HE8)
Reference
Mode Solution
[Hz]
Frequencies Normalized Frequencies Normalized
Results Results Results Results
1 38.2 38.27 1.002 38.28 1.002
2 85.21 87.67 1.029 83.95 0.985
3 152.23 157.5 1.035 157.57 1.035
4 245.53 259.01 1.055 264.92 1.079
5 297.05 306.06 1.030 298.33 1.004

Reference:
Free vibrations benchmarks, F. Abbassian, D.J. Dawswell, N.C. Knowles, NAFEMS, Glasgow, November
1987, pp438-452.
This test lets you check analysis results for a beam with a static preload. You will use a 1D mesh.
Before you begin:
The Modal_analysis_beam_with_axial_load.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this
case, computed with a load of 105 N. Proceed as follow:
To compute the unloaded case, change in this CATAnalysis the value of the distributed force.
Specifications
Length:
L = 2m
Width and
height:
a = 0.05m
Area:
2.5e-00.3m2
Inertial:
Iz = 5.2083e-
007m4
E = 2e + 011 N_m2
ν = 0.3
Density:
ρ =7800 kg/m3
Restraints:
Point A: x = y = 0
Point B: y = 0
10 elements
Distributed Force:
The load Fx is a static pressing preload in the axis of the beam.
There is two cases of preloading:
● |Fx| = 0
● |Fx| = 105 N
Results
The table below presents the analysis results. Relative errors are listed:
Frequencies [Hz]
Fundamental natural mode of
Relative Errors [%]
vibration
Analytical Results Computed Results
Bending mode 1 28.702 28.694 0.03
|Fx|=0
Bending mode 2 114.807 114.701 0.09
Bending mode 1 22.434 22.428 0.03
|Fx|=105N
Bending mode 2 109.08 108.981 0.09
Reference:
Guide de validation des prologiciels de calcul de structures, SFM, Afnor Technique pp192-193.
Buckling Analysis
This chapter contains buckling analysis problems.
A buckling analysis consists in finding the buckling mode shapes and the buckling critical factors corresponding
to a specified load case applied to an elastic structure.
This chapter contains the following model and task:
Buckling of a Straight Beam (Out-of-Plane Buckling)

Buckling of a Straight Beam (In-Plane Buckling)
Lateral Buckling of Narrow Rectangular Beam
Buckling of a Straight Beam

(Out-of-Plane Buckling)
This test lets you compare analysis results for the buckling of a straight beam in CATIA with the Beam Theory. In other words,
you will study the quality of distorted shell elements in a buckling analysis. You will use 2D meshes.
Before you begin:
The Straight_Beam.CATAnalysis document presents the complete analysis of the buckling case, computed with an irregular
mesh formed of parabolic triangle elements (TR6).
To compute the case with linear triangle (TR3), linear quadrangle (QD4) and parabolic quadrangle (QD8) elements, open the
Straight_Beam.CATPart document and proceed as follow:
1. Define the mesh using the Surface Meshing workshop in the Advanced Meshing Tools workbench.
2. In Generative Structural Analysis workbench, define analysis specifications as shown below.
3. Insert and compute buckling case solution in Generative Structural Analysis workbench.
To create an irregular mesh, use the Add/Remove Constraints icon in the Local Specifications toolbar, then select the
points on the part.
Specifications
Length: L = 100 mm
Width: W = 12 mm
E = 1e+09 N_m = 1000 MPa
ν=0
On point B: Tx = 0
At edge AB: Ty = Tz = Rx = 0
Line forced density:
At edge CD: Ty = -83.333 N_m
Results
● The critical load is given by column Buckling theory:
In this particular case, the result is Nc = 0.2467 N
● The table below presents the results of the solver's computation and the percentage of error compared with the results of
the Beam Theory.
Linear triangle shell Parabolic triangle shell Linear quadrangle shell Parabolic quadrangle shell
(TR3) (TR6) (QD4) (QD8)
Mesh Regular Irregular Regular Irregular Regular Irregular Regular Irregular
Computed
buckling factor 0.2488 0.2491 0.2463 0.2470 0.2467 0.2479 0.2467 0.2471
[N]
Error
0.9 1 0.2 0.1 0 0.5 0 0.2
[%]
Reference: Beam Theory

Buckling of a Straight Beam

(In-Plane Buckling)
This test lets you compare analysis results for the buckling of a straight beam in CATIA with the Beam theory. In other words,
you will study the quality of distorted membrane elements in a buckling analysis. You will use 2D meshes, with membrane
elements.
Before you begin:
The Buckling_StraightBeam_in_plane.CATAnalysis document presents the complete analysis of the buckling case, computed
with an irregular mesh formed of parabolic triangle elements (TR6).
To compute the case with linear triangle (TR3), linear quadrangle (QD4) and parabolic quadrangle (QD8) elements, open the
Straight_Beam.CATPart document and proceed as follow:
1. Define the mesh using the Surface Meshing workshop in the Advanced Meshing Tools workbench.
2. In Generative Structural Analysis workbench, define analysis specifications as shown below.
3. Insert and compute buckling case solution in Generative Structural Analysis workbench.
To create an irregular mesh, use the Add/Remove Constraints icon in the Local Specifications toolbar, then select the
points on the part.
Specifications
Length: L = 100 mm
Width: W = 12 mm
E = 1000 MPa
ν=0
On point B: Tx = 0
At edge AB: Ty = Tz = Rx = 0
Membrane Elements
Line forced density:
At edge CD: Ty = -83.333 N_m
Results
● The critical load is given by column buckling theory:
In this particular case, the result is Nc = 35.53 N
● The results of the solver's computation and the normalized results (computed results divided by analytic solution) are
given in the table below.
Linear triangle Parabolic triangle shell Linear quadrangle shell Parabolic quadrangle shell
shell (TR3) (TR6) (QD4) (QD8)
Mesh Regular Irregular Regular Irregular Regular Irregular Regular Irregular

Computed
buckling factor 317.435 287.831 35.483 35.537 36.135 47.478 35.221 35.272
[N]
Normalized Results 8.934 8.101 0.999 1.000 1.017 1.336 0.991 0.993
Reference: Beam Theory

Lateral Buckling
of Narrow Rectangular Beam
This test lets you check analysis results for rectangular beams, in the context of a buckling case. You
will use 1D meshes.
Before you begin:
The Lateral_buckling_rectangular_beam.CATAnalysis document presents the complete lateral buckling
case, and includes the tests 1 and 2. Proceed as follow:
2. Compute the analysis and generate an image called Deformed Mesh.
Specifications
Length: L1 = 240mm
Height: b = 30 mm
Thickness: t = 0.6mm
E = 71240 GPa
ν = 0.31
Inertia:
Ix = 2.16 mm4 (torsionnal)
Iy = 0.54 mm4 (minor)
Iz = 1350 mm4 (major)
21 nodes, 20 beam elements.
● Test 1:
At End 1, all DOF for nodes are
fixed
● Test 2:
At End 1,
Tx = Ty = Tz = Rx = Ry = 0
At End 2,
Ty = Tz = Rx = Ry = 0
Load:
● Test 1:
At End 2,
unit force Fx = 1 N
● Test 2:
At End 1,
moment Mz = -1 N x mm
At End 2,
moment Mz = 1 N x mm
Results
The following table presents the results for buckling eigen values.
Argyris Theory CATIA Beam
Test 1 1.088 1.088
Test 2 624.77 624.77
Reference:
Handbook of Engineering Mechanics, W. Flugge, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1962 Finite Element Method-
The Natural Approach, J.H. Argyris


This chapter contains the following model:
Harmonic Forced Vibration of a Simply-supported Thin Square Plate
Transient Forced Vibration of a Simply-supported Thin Square Plate
Transient Dynamic Response of a Clamp Beam with Different Inertia
Transient Response of a Spring-mass System with Imposed Acceleration

Harmonic Forced Vibration of a Simply-supported

Thin Square Plate
This test lets you check analysis results for a simply-supported thin square plate, in the context of an
harmonic dynamic response case. You will use 2D meshes.

● Harmonic dynamic response solve algorithms
Before you begin:
The Harmonic_forced_vibration_of_a_simply_supported_thin_square_plate.CATAnalysis document
presents a complete analysis of this case, computed with a mesh formed of linear quadrangle elements
(QD4).
To compute the case with parabolic quadrangle (QD8), linear triangle (TR3) and parabolic triangle
(TR6) elements, proceed as follow:

Specifications
Young Modulus (material)
E = 200 GPa
Poisson's Ratio (material)
ν = 0.3

Load:
F = F0 sin wt
where:
● F0 = 100 N/m2
● w=2 f
● f = 0 to 4.16 Hz
Damping:
d = 2% in all 16 modes used
Results
The results for different finite elements are presented in the table below.
The peak is the value at undamped natural frequency.
In this particular test, the undamped natural frequency is 2.377 Hz.
Values
triangle shell triangle shell quadrangle shell quadrangle shell
(TR3) (TR6) (QD4) (QD8)

Reference 64x64 elements 32x32 elements 32x32 elements 16x16 elements
Type of Values
Solution
Computed Error Computed Error Computed Error Computed Error
Results [%] Results [%] Results [%] Results [%]

Peak
displacement
45.420 45.430 0.023 45.430 0.022 45.477 0.125 45.429 0.020
[mm]
at 2.377 Hz
Peak stress
30.030 32.005 6.58 32.082 6.83 31.976 6.48 32.227 7.32
[MPa]
Reference:
Transient Forced Vibration of a Simply-supported

Thin Square Plate
This test lets you check analysis results for a simply-supported thin square plate, in the context of a
transient dynamic response case. You will use 2D meshes.

● Transient dynamic response solve algorithms
Before you begin:
The Transient_forced_vibration_of_a_simply_supported_thin_square_plate.CATAnalysis document
presents a complete analysis of this case, computed with a mesh formed of linear quadrangle elements
(QD4).
To compute the case with parabolic quadrangle (QD8), linear triangle (TR3) and parabolic triangle
(TR6) elements, proceed as follow:

Specifications
E = 200 GPa
ν = 0.3
Density:
ρ =8000 kg/m3

Load:
F0 = 100 N/m2 over whole plate
Damping:
d = 2 % in all 16 modes used
Time step:
t = 0.002 s
Results
You will find here the results for different finite elements:
Values
triangle shell triangle shell quadrangle shell quadrangle shell
(TR3) (TR6) (QD4) (QD8)

Reference 64x64 elements 32x32 elements 32x32 elements 16x16 elements
Type of Values
Solution
Error Error Error Error

Values Values Values Values
[%] [%] [%] [%]
Peak
displacement
3.523 3.444 2.24 3.445 2.21 3.451 2.04 3.446 2.19
[mm]
at t=0.210s
Peak stress
2.484 2.221 10.59 2.217 10.75 2.251 9.38 2.234 10.06
[MPa]
Static
displacement 1.817 1.774 2.37 1.775 2.31 1.776 2.26 1.775 2.31
[mm]
Reference:
Transient Dynamic Response of a Clamp Beam

with Different Inertia
This test lets you check analysis results for a beam with different inertia, in the context of a transient
dynamic response case. You will use a 1D mesh.
This test proposed by AFNOR is used to validate the transient dynamic response solve algorithms.
Before you begin:
The Transient_dynamic_response_beam_inertia.CATAnalysis document presents the complete analysis
of the transient dynamic response case. Proceed as follow:
2. Compute the Frequency case, and generate an image called Deformed mesh.
Specifications
Beams AC and
DB:
● l = AC = DB
= 1.25 m
● area =
2.872e-
3 m2
● Iy = 1.943e-
5 m4
Beams CD:
● L = CD =
2.5 m
● area =
5.356e-
3 m2
● Iy = 8.356e-
5 m4
The structure and the load being symmetrical, only one half of the beam is modeled.
E = 200 GPa
● Clamp in A
● Edges AC and CO: Rx = 0
● Point O: Tx = Ty = Rx = Ry = Rz = 0
Beam mesh with 62.5 elements.

Masses for Frequency Case:
● Edge AC: Line mass density = 22.402 kg/m
● Edge OC: Line mass density = 42.398 kg/m
Damping:
Global damping = 0 %
Load:
● q1 = 10000 N/m
all beam long
● t1 = 2.38e-2 s
● t2 = 5.95e-2 s
Results
The tables below present the analysis results:
● Frequency Response:
Frequency [Hz]
Bending Mode Error [%]

Analytic Solution Computed Results
1 63.009 62.8796 0.21

● Transient Dynamic Response:
Displacement V [mm]
Point Error
Time [s]
Localization [mm] Analytical [%]
Computed Results
Solution
0.0595 2437.5 2.0469 2.467 0.09
Reference:
Guide de validation des prologiciels de calcul de structures, AFNOR Technique, SFM pp188-189.
Transient Response of a Spring-mass System

with Imposed Acceleration
This test lets you check analysis results for a spring-mass system, in the context of a transient dynamic response case. You will use a 1D
mesh.
● 1D beam element
● Transient dynamic response solve algorithms
Before you begin:
The Transient_response_spring_mass_system.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this case.
Proceed as follow:
Specifications
Mass: m = 1 kg
Stiffness: k = 1000 N_m
Length: L=1 m
Section:
area = 1.10-5 m2
Mesh Specification
Size = 187.5 mm
E = 100 MPa
● Clamp in A
● Ty = Tz = Rx = Ry = Rz = 0
for each beam
Damping:
d=0%
Time Step:
● 0 s < t < 0.1 s
Results
● Analytical Solution:
The natural frequencies are the roots of the following equation:
The response at point D is given by:
with imposed acceleration coefficient:
and modal participated factor for a translational motion with u = 1
● Modal Analysis:
Frequencies [Hz]
Mode Error [%]
Analytic Solution Values
1 2.239 2.2399 0.038

2 6.275 6.2760 0.015
● Transient Dynamic Analysis:
Displacement [mm]
Time [s] Error [%]
Analytic Solution Values
0.02 2.7 2.69 0.25
0.04 42.6 42.77 0.40
0.05 104.1 104.32 0.21
0.06 215.8 216.18 0.18
0.08 681.3 682.16 0.13
0.1 1658 1659.71 0.10
Reference:
Guide de validation des prologiciels de calcul de structures, AFNOR Technique, SFM, pp182-183
This test lets you check analysis results for a plane grid, in the context of an harmonic dynamic
response case. You will use a 1D mesh.
This test proposed by AFNOR is used to validate the following attributes:
● 1D beam elements
● Harmonic dynamic response solve algorithms
Before you begin:
The Harmonic_forced_vibrations_plane_grid.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of
this case.
Proceed as follow:
Specifications
Length: L1 = L2 = 5 m
Section IPE 200 :
● area = 2.872e-3 m2
● Iy = 1.943e-5 m4
● Iz = 1.424e-6 m4
The geometry is built with two Parts, inserted in a Product. The first Part includes the beam AC
and the beam DF. The second Part includes the beam BE.
Young Modulus (material)
E = 200 GPa
Poisson's Ratio (material)
ν = 0.3
● 500 mm elements for the 3 edges
● No automatic mesh capture for all
● For ball joints B and E, rigid connection property with transmitted degrees of freedom
Tx = Ty = Tz = 0
● At points A, C, D and F : Tx = Ty = Tz = 0
● Edges AC and DF : Ry = 0
● Edge BE : Rx = 0
Load:
● F = F0 sin ωt
● F0 = -100 000 N
● ω = 80 rad/s, so f = 12.7324 Hz
Results
● Frequency Response:
Frequency [Hz]
Fundamental Mode Error [%]

Analytical Computed
Solution Results
1 16.456 16.410 0.28
2 38.165 37.941 0.59
● Harmonic Dynamic Response:
Displacement on z axis at f = 12.7324 Hz
Computed
Point Type of Values Analytical solution Error [%]
Results
B and E WBmax [mm] -98.00 -100.35 2.4

G WG+WGmax [mm] -227.00 -226.50 0.2
Reference:
Guide de validation des prologiciels de calcul de structures, AFNOR Technique, SFM, pp198-199.


This test lets you check analysis results for the thermal expansion of a beam, in the context of a static
case. You will use 3D mesh with tetrahedron and hexahedron elements.
Before you begin:
The Thermal_expansion_of_a_beamTE10.CATAnalysis document presents the complete analysis of this
case, computed with a mesh formed of parabolic tetrahedron elements (TE10).
The Thermal_expansion_of_a_beamHE20.CATAnalysis document presents the complete analysis of this
caes, computed with parabolic hexahedron elements (HE20).
To compute the case with linear tetrahedron elements (TE4) and linear hexahedron elements (HE8),
proceed as follow:
❍ Thermal_expansion_of_a_beamTE10.CATAnalysis for linear tetrahedron elements (TE4),
❍ Thermal_expansion_of_a_beamHE20.CATAnalysis for linear hexahedron elements (HE8).
❍ Volume mesh for linear tetrahedron elements (TE4),
❍ Surface mesh for linear hexahedron elements (HE8).
The Global Parameters dialog box is open.

Specifications
Length: L = 1000 mm
Section: square a = 100 mm
E = 200 GPa
Poisson's Ration (material):
ν = 0.266
Thermal Expansion Coefficient:
α= 11,7.10-6/°
Load:
● Case 1: Thermal Load T1 = 325 K
and a surface force density Fy = -5.85e + 007N_m2
The environment temperature is T0 = 300 K

Restraint:
● Case 1: Ty = 0 on End 1, Tz = 0 on Face 1 and Tx = 0 on Face 2
● Case 2: Ty = 0 on End 1 and End 2, Tz = 0 on Face 1 and Tx = 0 on Face 2
● Case 3: Ty = 0 on End 1, Tz = 0 on Face 1 and Tx = 0 on Face 2
Results
Case 1:
Case 2:
Case 3:
● Transient Dynamic Response:
Computed Results
Analytical Tetrahedron Tetrahedron Hexahedron Hexahedron

Case Quantity
solution (TE4) (TE10) (HE8) (HE20)
Case 1 Uth[mm] 0.2925 0.2925 0.2925 0.2925 0.2925
Case 2 σ22 [MPa] -58.5 -58.5 -58.5 -58.5 -58.5
Uth- UFy
Case 3 0 0 0 0 0
[mm]
Reference:
Thermal Expansion Theory


This test lets you check analysis results for an assembly of two beams. The aim of this test is to
compare the analysis of two beams assembled with a fastened connection with an entire beam. You
will use a 3D mesh.
Before you begin:
The Assembly_with_fastened_connection.CATAnalysis document presents two complete static analysis
and a modal analysis. Proceed as follow:
2. Compute the case and generate an image called Deformed Mesh.
Specifications
Length: L = AB = 500 mm
Width: a = 50 mm
Thickness: h = 50 mm
Young Modulus (material): E = 70 GPa

Poisson's Ration (material): ν = 0.346
Case 1:
● Load:
Pressure Pz = -250 000 N_m2

on the top face of the beam.
● Restraint:
Tx = Ty = Tz = 0 on section
A.
Case 2:
● Load:
Force Fy = -40e + 006 N_m2

on the section B of the beam
● Restraint:
Tx = Ty = Tz = 0 on section
A.
Results
● Case 1: Results for bending Pz = -250 000 N_m2
Entire Beam Assembled Beams Error [%]
Maximum Displacement
-2.67 -2.66 0.37
of the Beam [mm]
Energy [J] 3.347 3.333 0.42

Von Mises
in the Assembled Zone 3.2->22 3.08->22.9 maximum 4%

[Mpa]
● Case 2: Results for compression Fy = -40e + 006 N
Maximum Displacement
-2.67 -2.66 0.37
of the Beam [mm]
Energy [J] 3.347 3.333 0.42
Von Mises
in the Assembled Zone 3.2->22 3.08->22.9 maximum 4%

[Mpa]
● Modal Analysis:
Mode 1 164.207 164.453 0.15
Mode 2 164.242 164.489 0.15
Mode 3 984.085 985.227 0.12
Mode 4 984.257 985.554 0.13

Mode 5 1450.44 1451.32 0.06
Mode 6 2552.59 2553.51 0.04
Mode 7 2589.29 2591.54 0.09
Mode 8 2582.79 2593.41 0.14
Mode 9 4353.26 4355.59 0.05
Mode 10 4700.51 4703.55 0.06
Reference:
The results of the entire beam are computed with CATIA.

Composites

This test lets you check the membrane bending coupling in non-symmetric stack composite plates and
the traverse shear behavior in a thick plate. For this test, the reference is the mesh formed of linear
hexahedron elements (HE8). You will use 2D meshes.
Before you begin:
The Bonded_blades_compression_QD8.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this
case, computed with a mesh formed of parabolic quadrangle elements (QD8).
The Bonded_blades_compression_HE8.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this
case, computed with a mesh formed of linear hexahedron elements (HE8).
To compute the mesh with linear quadrangle elements (QD4), proceed as follow:
1. Open the Bonded_blades_compression_QD8.CATAnalysis document.
3. In the specification tree, double-click on the mesh. The Global Parameters dialog box is open.
Specifications
Length: L = 10 000 mm
Width: b = 1 000 mm
Thickness: h = 400 mm divided in two
layers
Material 1:
● Young Modulus (material): E = 100 MPa
● Poisson's Ration: ν = 0.3
Material 2:
● Young Modulus (material): E = 10 MPa
● Poisson's Ration: ν = 0.2
● 10 x 2 elements for QD4 and QD8
● 10 x 2 x 1 elements for the reference HE8
Restraint:
Clamp on End 1
Load:
Fx = -30 N on End 2
Results
The static analysis results correspond to the displacements U in x and z at End 2.
The buckling analysis is performed for this 30 N load case. The buckling coefficients for the lowest two
modes, computed with CATIA, are presented in the table below.
Computed Results
Reference
Linear Hexahedron Linear Quadrangle Parabolic Quadrangle
Quantity (HE8) (QD4) (QD8)

Analysis Case
Ux max [mm] -0.027 -0.0277 -0.0281
Static Case
Uz max [mm] -0.834 -0.834 -0.835
Coefficient 1 121.634 121.197 120.743
Buckling Case
Coefficient 2 1126.56 1095.34 1079.94
Reference:
3D Model with HE8 element, computed with CATIA.

Index
B
beams with fastened connection
bending of a beam
bonded blades in compression
buckling of a straight Beam (in-plane buckling)
buckling of a straight Beam (out-of-plane buckling)
C
cylindrical roof under its own weight
D
deep simply-supported solid beam
F
free thin square plate
free vibration of a simply-supported thin square plate
free vibrations of a compressor blade
H
harmonic forced vibration of a plane grid
harmonic forced vibration of a simply-supported thin square plate peak

L
lateral buckling of narrow rectangular beam
M
modal analysis of a beam with axial load
Morley's Problem
P
plane vibrations of a simply supported double cross
S
space structure on elastic support
T
thermal expansion of a beam
thick cylinder under internal pressure
transient dynamic response of a clamp beam with different inertia
transient forced vibration of a simply-supported thin square plate
transient response of a spring-mass system with imposed acceleration
twisted beam

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Elfini Solver Verification Version 5 Release 14 Page 1

Elfini Solver Verification

test the accuracy of the ELFINI Finite Element Solver.

This overview provides the following information:

● Before reading this manual

● Getting the most out of this guide

● Accessing sample documents

● Conventions used in this guide

Before Reading this Guide

and Advanced Meshing Tools User's Guide.

● Infrastructure User's Guide Version 5

Getting the Most Out of this Guide

associated CATPart or CATAnalysis document.

This guide is divided in the following distinctive chapters:

● Thermo Mechanical Analysis: thermal expansion of an element and comparison of results.

Accessing sample documents

● Graphic conventions structuring the tasks

● Graphic conventions indicating the configuration required

● Graphic conventions used in the table of contents

Graphic Conventions Structuring the Tasks

Graphic conventions structuring the tasks are denoted as follows:

This icon... Identifies...

estimated time to accomplish a task

the start of the scenario

information regarding settings, customization, etc.

the end of a task

functionalities that are new or enhanced with this release

allows you to switch back to the full-window viewing mode

Graphic Conventions Indicating the Configuration Required

Graphic conventions indicating the configuration required are denoted as follows:

This icon... Indicates functions that are...

specific to the P1 configuration

specific to the P2 configuration

specific to the P3 configuration

Graphic Conventions Used in the Table of Contents

Graphic conventions used in the table of contents are denoted as follows:

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Split View mode

User Tasks or the Advanced Tasks

How to Use the Mouse

● Select (menus, commands, geometry in graphics area, ...)

● Right-click (to select contextual menu)

Beams with Fastened Connections

Bonded Blades in compression

structure subject to prescribed boundary conditions (displacement and traction types).

This chapter contains the following models and tasks:

Cylindrical Roof Under its Own Weight

Cylindrical Roof Under Its Own Weight

Before you begin:

The Cylindrical_Roof_QD8_15nodes.CATAnalysis document presents a complete analysis of this case,

computed with a mesh formed of parabolic quadrangle elements (QD8).

elements, proceed as follow:

1. Open the CATAnalysis document.

Young Modulus (material):

Poisson's Ratio (material):

Surface Force Density (weight of the roof):

Linear Parabolic Parabolic

5x5 29.56 40.83 40.18 37.05 37.03 36.10

9x9 34.57 37.88 37.84 36.39 37.03 36.10

15 x 15 37.04 38.54 37.12 36.74 37.03 36.10

Institute VOL 61 pp 539-561 1969

Before you begin: