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MINARET
An International Monthly Devoted to Islamic Progress
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Maulana Dr. Muhammad Fazl-ur-Rahman Al-Ansari Al-Qaderi (R.A.)
The “MINARET” Durban Malawi
Editorial Board M.A. Khan Maulana Allah Yar Qaderi
Fiji Mauritius
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Fazal Khan Ahmed B. Keeno
Mustafa Fazil Ansari
Mozambique
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M. Abu Fahim Anwarullah Siddiq Ahmed Nasir Philippines
Maulana Abid Ali Holland Dr. Alonto
Abdul Aleem Joemman Portugal
Editor: Hafiz Munir Ahmed
Farid Uddin Ahmad Indonesia
Singapore
Haji Abdul Hadi
Editorial Asst.: Abu Bakr Maidin
M. Asif Zaheer Japan Sri Lanka
A.R. Siddiqi Shahidullah Kausar
Special Correspondents: Johannesburg Suriname (South America)
Australia Jaffer Ismail Shaikh Ali Mustafa
Muhammad Alamgir Trinidad and Tobago
London
Botswana Dr. Waffie Muhammed
Shahid Ansari U.S.A.
Muhammed Musaddaq Shaheen Z. Ansari Khalil Hussain
Cape Town Malaysia Venezuela (South America)
Rizwan Mathew Abdullah Ahmed H.R. Azizuddin
IN THIS ISSUE
1. From The Editor’s Desk.....................3 5.The Influence of Maulana Dr. F. R. Ansari’s
2. Call From The Minaret..............................5 Thought in the World...................................17
3. The Holy Prophet Muhammad ( ) 6. Teaching of Islam...................................18
And Zaid............................................11 7.Sufism as a way of Life.....................25
4. Concept of Religion................................14 8. ...32
“The MINARET’ may not necessarily agree with the opinions of the writers
Approved for Schools, Colleges and Educational Institutions vide Circular No. (DE / F.
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Published by the World Federation of Islamic Missions, Abdul Aleem Siddiqui and Islamic Centre Roads,
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THE CODIFICATION
OF ISL AMIC L AW
COMPILATION OF PROPHETIC
TRADITIONS AND
BIOGRAPHIES OF REPORTERS
It has been proved in the foregoing Prophet ( ) feared that if his Traditions
that the basis of understanding the Holy were committed to writing side by side
Quran is the interpretation given by the with the Qur’an, people might get confused
Holy Prophet ( ) of Islam. The verses of and might mix up both things. Hence he
the Qur’an means that which the Holy forbade them in the beginning from doing
Prophet ( ) understood and made us to so. However, when that danger had
understand, whether through action or passed away and people were sufficiently
through saying. Consequently, the trained to distinguish the Quran from the
Companions of the Holy Prophet ( ) were Hadith, he allowed them to write down his
always extremely attentive to every word Sayings. In fact, he himself got them
that he said and tried to remember it to written as, for instance, when he dictated
the very letter. They were so cautious in the rules of Zakat, etc., to Ali.
the matter that if they ever apprehended
that they had forgotten some actual word Among the Companions there were
and had only remembered its synonym, some who would pass their whole time,
they would always point it out while so to say, at the feet of the Holy Prophet
narrating a certain Prophetic Tradition (or ( ). Close to the Holy Prophet’s ( )
Hadith). Thus not only was the Holy residential room and the mosque, there
Prophet’s ( ) life-account preserved for is a raised platform which is called Suffa.
us, but also the solutions of the various A party of companions used to occupy
problems of religion and law which the this platform permanently There work was
Holy Prophet ( ) gave. to learn by heart whatever they heard
from the Holy Prophet ( ). One of those
When it was emphasised that the Holy people of Suffa was Abu Huraira, who
Qur’an should be written down, and was endowed with a powerful memory
arrangements were made accordingly. and who remembered a large number of
Some of the Companions thought of the Holy Prophet’s ( ) Traditions and
putting down the Traditions of the Holy reported them.
Prophet ( ) also in writing. But, because
Islam was still in its early stage, the Holy This I have related with a view to
We have already seen that the Holy “In them (that is, wine and gambling)
Qur’an was revealed bit by bit. The is great sin, and some profit, for men; but
commandments were delivered gradually the sin is greater than the profit”. (II : 219).
to progressively reclaim and reform a
people who were diseased, deformed and When thus, people had been
corrupt beyond limit. Had they been ultimately taught to hate wine, the final
subjected to the complete discipline of commandment came:-
Islam from the very first day, they would
have in all probability found it “O ye who believe! Intoxicants and
psychologically too heavy to carry and to gambling, (dedication of) stones and
follow. Take, for instance, the case of (divination by) arrows, are abomination,–
alcoholic drinks. As all students of Arab of Satan’s handiwork: Eschew such
history know, side by side with idolatry (abomination), that ye may prosper”.
and polytheism and various spiritual and (V : 90).
moral evils, the liquor-habit was embedded
so deeply in the lives of the Arab that any The result of adopting the gradual
other race of the world could hardly claim procedure was that when total prohibition
a higher degree of addiction. Had the law was announced, people immediately broke
of Prohibition been imposed on them into pieces the vessels of wine, and the
forthwith, their psychological condition liquor from the broken jars was flowing in
and diseased nervous state would have the streets of Medina.
compelled them to sacrifice Iman and
Islam to alcohol. They would have Here you can understand the problem
preferred the later to the former. But of the abrogation of verses also easily,
infidelity and polytheism are root-sins which might be explained to you fully on
which entitle man to nothing less than some later occasion. In this connection
eternal fire, while other sins, whether major we might keep in mind the fact that
or minor, stand below in degree. If the whatever commandments were revealed
root of a tree is healthy and safe, whatever on any occasion they were invariably
the calamities which might afflict other based on wisdom. However, when a
parts, there is always the hope that the certain commandment referred to a
challenge and to correct this distortion. towering height, his smile and enlightening
He stressed that Islam should be speech he presented to all who beheld
presented as a dynamic orthodoxy. The and heard him a model of what a Muslim
success of his outlook on Islam can be should be. He was very simple but
seen from the esteem in which he was generous in his life. He was the true
held by the intellectual circles in many follower of our Noble Prophet ( ).
countries. Muslim and non-Muslim, and
also from the impact he made on the youth Maulana Dr. F.R. Ansari returned to
of the day. his Lord on Monday 11th Jamadi-al-Awwal
1394, corresponding to 3rd June 1974,
Maulana Dr. F.R. Ansari was the after spending his life working for the
upholder of Dynamic Orthodoxy as spiritual and moral uplift of different Muslim
opposed to the Conservatism and countries and communities in the Orient
Modernism with the slogan: return to the and Occident. He was buried in Karachi,
Qur'an, and Return to Muhammad Pakistan, in the compound of the Islamic
(p.b.u.h). He was also a great spiritual Centre.
leader for the Ummah, He was every inch
a Muslim, not only in appearance but also May the Mercy of Allah be on him.
in his actions and thoughts. With his (Ameen) !
The present conflict between Islam Qin, and sold at the ‘Ukaz Market, Hakim,
and Christianity has disclosed the ruthless the son of Hazim, bought him for four
wounds inflicted by the fanaticism of the hundred dirhams for his paternal aunt,
writings of European writers, for the most Khadijatu’ I-Kubra, who was generally
part in the dark, on the fame of Islamic known as Khadija. When the Prophet
culture by their mutilation of Islamic history, married Khadija he took Zaid from her
in a light so amazing that every Muslim care and straightway set him free from
of our times burns to sweep away all the bondage of slavery.
Christian influence from the literary world
which, menaced by the venomous effect Ibn Hajr ‘Asqalani writes in his third
of such writing, has become reduced to volume of Isaba fi Tamyizi ’s-Sahaba that
a useless, selfish form. Many are the the mother of Zaid had gone with him to
heroes of Islam in the sixth and seventh visit the members of her tribe. This was
centuries A.D. who have been victimized at a very dark period of history when
by these literary tigers, to the glorification ignorance and ferocity were at their height
of Christianity and to the belittlement of in Arabia; and without warning a body of
Islam. But why mention others when the men from the tribe of Qin made a surprise
Prophet of Islam himself suffers raid on houses belonging to the tribe of
defamation at the hands of these Moon. In the midst of the attack the raiders
personifications of fanaticism and religious seized Zaid, a mere child of a little more
spite? It is through such influences as than seven, and carried him off. The child
these that the life of Zaid, a child- was very intelligent, and the marks of
companion of the Prophet, has been wisdom and deep penetration were
painted by these writers in a sinister light; conspicuous on his face. Thus it was that
and so a short sketch of the life of Zaid is he was sold in the slave-market of ‘Ukaz
given below only for the purpose of to Hakim, who eventually presented him
removing the unjust “imputations” so to his paternal aunt, Khadija.
unworthily cash upon his name.
It is written in the Sirat Ibn Ishaq that
His mother was the daughter of Hakim, the son of Hazim, brought certain
Tha’laba, who was the son of Abd ‘Amir. slaves from Syria, among whom was Zaid.
She belonged to the tribe of Moon Bin Khadija had come to her nephew’s house
Tai. The great savant, Muhammad Abdu’l- immediately after her marriage to the
Baqi Zurqani, writes in the third volume Prophet Muuhammad, and Hakim, as a
of Mawahib that when Zaid was, at the matter of hospitality having exhibited all
age of eight, captured by the tribe of Bani the slaves, asked her which she preferred
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Maulana Dr. F.R. Ansari was born in scholars should not be out of step with
Muzaffar Nagar U.P India on 14th Sha‘ban the progress of knowledge and this is why,
1333, corresponding to 14th August 1914. first of all, he embodied in himself a multi-
He started his study by learning the Holy faceted education acquired through the
Qur’an, the scripture of Islam. dint of hard labour. He also felt that every
person being educated in the Islamic
Maulana Dr. F.R. Ansari was a sciences should have a grounding in
genious, a great intellectual and thinker, modern fields of knowledge—notably
a man of action, truly a dynamic philosophy, sociology and political science.
personality. He was a far-sighted saint It is here he decided to act as a poineer
and he could not only foresee the trend in the field– he set up the Aleemiyah
and necessity of Islam spreading over Institute of Islamic Studies in 1964 to meet
every nook and corner of the world but the need for creating a new breed of
he could also analyse the ailments to Islamic sholars.
provide cure to the ailing Muslim societies.
He made Islamic Missionary world tours Islamic Research and Publications
and covered dozens of countries including Bureau is another marvel of his far-
Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia, sightedness. In spite of his being so busy
Hong Kong, Japan, Canada, United States with multifarious preaching activities, he
of America, Trinidad and Tabago. Guyana, wrote his own monumental book–The
Suriname, England, Holland, Turkey, Syria, Quranic Foundations and Structure of
Iraq etc. Wherever he went he was hailed Muslim Society.
as a great preacher of Islam. People
listened to him and were moved to ecstasy. Maulana Dr. F.R. Ansari analysed that
They all requested him to provide at present the Muslim world is permeated
successful and competent preachers in with a conservative outlook, any deviation
different countries where the Muslims from which, it is felt, automatically qualifies
were in minority and needed regular the deviater as being outside the fold of
religious guidance for themselves and for Islam. However, for some time now
their children. He grasped the situation thinkers have been trying to re-interpret
and decided immediately to set up an Islam in the light of the age in which they
organisation for the purpose. He founded find themselves. Undoubtedly this is a
the World Federation of Islamic Missions difficult task and many of them found it
in 1958 with a very grand and ambitious necessary to discard some of the tenets
programme and with no other income or of Islam during the process or to interpret
support except the trust in Allah. them away, as can be clearly seen from
some of the unorthodox re-interpretations
Maulana Dr. F.R. Ansari realised that of the last century of so. Maulana Dr. F.R.
it was essential that Muslim leaders and Ansari stepped forward to meet this
(Continued on Page 10)
MINARET 17 April 2010
Teachings of Islam
Some Salient Features
Maulana Muhammed Fazl-ur-Rahman Al-Ansari Al-Qaderi (R.A.)
Allah ordains obedience to those who Allah and human beings only have
are in authority, “O ye who believe; obey obligations for the discharge of which they
Allah and His Messenger and those who may be delegated certain powers within
are in authority among you.“ (4:60) The the parameters set by Allah. According to
obedience is qualified, “Say, Swear not, a tradition: “Leaders are like a shield
what is required is actual obedience in behind which people seek safety and fight.
what is right. Surely, Allah is all-aware of If a leader orders, fearing Allah, and is
that you do.” (24:54) This was also just, he will have his reward. If he acts to
explained by the Holy Prophet ( ). “A the contrary, then he will face its
Muslim is obligated to hear and obey consequence.” Fear of Allah and justice
whether he likes it or not, except when he are thus the basic factors governing the
is required to do something that is sinful conduct of the ruler.
in which case there is no obligation to
hear and obey.” Islam does not believe in
individualism, as is the modern concept,
Thus the obedience is to be only to but treats man as an essential part of the
the extent that it does not in any way society and assigns him responsibility not
involve disobedience of Allah. In that case, only on his own behalf, but also for others.
even parents, who have been given the The Holy Prophet ( ) said: “Every one of
pride of place in Islam, are not to be you is a shepherd and will be asked about
obeyed. Thus obedience to Allah takes his flock. The ruler is a shepherd for his
precedence over human beings however subjects.” A ruler’s flock is every living
mighty they may be. For the sycophant, being in his domain and he is accountable
who often spoils the ruler, there is a to Allah for their material and spiritual
warning from the Holy Prophet. welfare. This is indeed an onerous
obligation and that is why the Holy Prophet
“Beware, after me there will be such ( ) often advised people not to seek
rulers that if a person declares their lies office.
as truth and support them in wrongs doing,
he will have nothing to do with me and, Hazrat Abu Bakr (RDA) had this to
on the Day of Judgment, he will not come say to Yazid bin Abu Sufyan: “O Yazid,
to my pond. On the other hand, if a person you have relatives and it is possible that
would not declare their lies as truths and you might give them preference in
would not support them in wrong doings, assigning responsibilities. This is really
he is mine and I am his and he will come what I am afraid about you. The Holy
to my pond.” Prophet ( ) had said:” Any one who is
put in charge of collective affairs of
None enjoys absolute power except Muslims, if he gives office for mere
"Whithersoever ye turn, Allah faces and the sine qua non of all religious
you" (The Qur'an). "In the name of One consciousness asserts in history, dictates
Who has no name. Call him with any name the pattern of social life and moulds
you will’ He will answer". (Sa'di). political ideology, it is apt to lose itself in
the humdrum of everyday routine and is
Religion cannot be considered in prone to transform itself into formal code
isolation from the mystical experience that of moral conduct leading ultimately to
makes it possible. On the basis of this wholesale regimentation of life. But the
authentic experience it grows and, experience which made possible the great
blending in the course of history with religions of history has not yet exhausted
experiences of beauty and the moral good, itself. It lives in the saints and seers who
it absorbs in its life heterogeneous have inherited the experience of the
moments. Hence no wonder that religion source, who hold aloft the light and
is sometimes reduced into a contemplation communicate it to others who follow them
akin to that of art or into a consciousness in the wake of history. Now we can
of obligations and imperatives which is understand Sufism as a movement that
characteristic of morality. It is even has sustained a contact with the original
asserted that religion is knowledge; for experiences of the Prophet and has
some, the knowledge of the highest order, prevented religion from becoming only a
a super-conceptual knowledge; for others, secular culture without any relation to the
an incipient knowledge which is pre-logical metaphysical basis of its life. Islam was
and pre-conceptual. But it is forgotten that not possible without the experiences of
religion has its own field of experience. It the Prophet and these experiences, like
is unique and autonomous. No doubt, all true religious experiences, were not
experiences of values in our everyday life foreseen but came with a shock and a
do not stand isolated. The experience of surprise. It took time for the Prophet to
beauty may have a religious accent and recover from the initial shock and
the experience of holiness may have an understand fully the implications of what
aesthetic note. But religion has a colouring he was passing through. The Qur'anic
or a nuance which is all its own. And the revelation is just the outward manifestation
peculiar nuance which makes religion of the Prophet's experience of an
what it is may be called mystical and by 'encounter' with God, of the spirit of God
mysticism we mean not so much a coming upon him and inspiring him with
doctrine but the peculiarity of an a message. If we study the Qur’anic
experience. But when this mystical situations with their shifting accents and
element which is an a priory foundations varying notes we will find them strikingly