GENERAL PROBLEM

SETS

1. COMPLEMENTS VS. ADJUNCTS IN NPS

a) [of flour] is a complement .

[with a glass lid] is an adjunct .
c) [of figurines] is a complement, [in the window] is an adjunct
d) [of Napoleon] is a complement, [on the corner] is an adjunct
e) [in the building] and [with a broken pane] are both adjuncts

2. ADJECTIVES

Adjectives like hot, red, big, tiny, and ugly are adjuncts .

3. GERMAN NOUN PHRASES

1) Elide or delete an N' node. This is like one-replacement in English.

2) I believe mit Sahne modifies the verb, not the NP cake, but this is up for debate. Simin Karimi
tells me that on the basis of certain pronominalization
facts, she thinks the PP modifies Kuchen. The exact
analysis of the mit Sahne PP is irrelevant to the content of the question, which is actually about the
Subject NP.

a) TP

NP VP

D N' V'
Die
N' PP V' PP

AdjP N' P' V NP P'

isst
Adj' N P NP N' P NP
Frau aus mit
Adj N' N N'
schlanke Kuchen
N N
Frankreich Sahne
 OR

TP

NP VP

D N' V'
Die
AdjP N' V' PP

Adj' N' PP V NP P'

isst
Adj N P' N' P NP
schlanke Frau mit
P NP N N'
aus Kuchen
N' N
Sahne
N
Frankreich

f) TP

NP VP

D N' V'
Die
AdjP N' V NP
liebte
Adj' N PP D N'
Koenigin die
Adj P' N
junge Prinzessin
P NP

3) von England is a sister to N, not N', and so it is a complement. T h u s , deletion of the

bare noun is impossible. In the contrary, aus Frankreich is an adjunct, sister to N',
so there is an N' node dominating just the noun head which can be deleted.

.
4COMPLEMENT
S AND
ADJUNCTS IN
VPS:

a) [her pencils] is a complement, while [never] and [in the correct drawer] are adjuncts.
b) [to New Mexico], [in the rain], and [last year] are adjuncts.
 7. TREES

a) TP

NP VP

N' V'

PP N

P'
Abelard
V' PP P NP
fo
r
V NP P'
N' wrote
D N' P NP N
a in Heloise
N PP
N' volume
P' N
Lati
n
P NP
of
N
'

N
poem
s

b) TP

NP VP

N' V'

N' PP AdvP V'

N P' Adv' V' PP

armadillos
P NP Adv V NP P'
from often destroy
N' N' P NP
with
AdjP N' AdjP N' D N'
their
Adj' N Adj' N N
York pillowcases snouts
Adj Adj
New old
c)

TP

NP VP

N' V' PP
N PP
People V PP P'
P' lined
P P' P NP
with NP behind
N' PP P D N'
up the
N P' N pp
boxes door
P NP P'
Of P
AdjP N' of NP
D
Adj' N the N'
clothes
Adj N PP
Old building
P'

P
With
NP
Adjp
N'

Adj' N

roof
Adj
leak
y
 CHALLENGE PROBLEM
SETS

1. INTERMEDIATE STRUCTURE

Example: Adam frequently buys paintings from Natasha,

...but Dan seldom does (so).
...and Dan does (so) from Sheila.

2. COMPLEMENT ADJPS?

Part 1. These are

complements. One-replacement:
*the physics professor, not the chemistry one

Coordination of likes:
*the tall and chemistry student

One complement:
*the chemistry student of physics

leather behaves similarly, but not identically:

?the canvas shoe, not the leather one
*the leather and ugly shoe
But note:
the leather book of poems.

Part 2. These words can be described as adjectives because they function as normal
adjectives; they modify nouns, yet they cannot be modified by very as other adjectives.

3. AMBIGUOUS ADJPS

Part 1. Parameters have to be set up specific to a category rather than to X.

Part 2. The ambiguity results from the fact that German can attach as either a
complement or an adjunct.

4. COMPLEMENTS TO ADJ HEADS?

Part 1. no: delightful

clearly yes: full
more thought provoking: familiar with, sensitive to, adjacent to.

Part 2. There actually no rules for "as" constructions.