Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Personnel - General
Basic Cadet
Training
Handbook
Headquarters
United States Army Cadet Corps
Dayton, PA
30 June 2008
Headquarters *Army Cadet Pamphlet 600–4
United States Army Cadet Corps
Dayton, PA 16222-0620
15 June 2008 Effective 30 June 2008
Personnel - General
GEORGE H. BERGHORN
Major, GS, USAC
Deputy Chief of Staff for
Education and Training
History. This is an initial publication and replaces all previous versions of the recruit
orientation guide and replaces all publications utilized for recruit training (RT).
Summary. This pamphlet updates information that is intended for the development of
Recruit Orientation and Basic Cadet Training students.
Applicability. This pamphlet is intended as a reference for all Recruit Orientation and
Basic Cadet Training students.
Proponent and Exception Authority. The proponent of this pamphlet is the Deputy
Chief of Staff, G-3 (Training). The proponent has the authority to approve exceptions or
waivers to this pamphlet that are consistent with controlling regulations. All waiver
requests will be endorsed by the commander or senior leader of the requesting activity
and forwarded through higher headquarters to the policy proponent.
List of Tables
1-1: Important Contact Information............................................................ 1
1-2: My Unit Information ............................................................................ 1
2-1: USAC General Knowledge................................................................. 7
2-2: USAC and U.S. Army Command Level Organization......................... 9
• The Officers’ Corps exists to serve the Cadets, providing young people the
opportunity to learn leadership, self-confidence and patriotism. Cadets will be
involved in as much of the day-to-day operation of the USAC, at all levels, as is
reasonably possible. We are a training ground for tomorrow’s leaders, and
accept that mistakes may be made in order to learn valuable lessons.
• We are mindful that the dedicated volunteers of the USAC Officers’ Corps are
charged with carrying out the program. We will respect their time and only place
demands upon them which are essential to the safe and efficient operation of the
program. We pride ourselves in being non-paid professionals who take
volunteerism to a new dimension.
This training is included because it is a basic part of soldiering. The United States Army
Cadet Corps is an enlisted career exploration program. That is: we try to give young men
and women – your sons and daughters – an idea of what a Soldier learns and does. The
USAC also works to promote the teamwork, selflessness and civic-mindedness that are
some of the most basic qualities of American service members.
What we are not trying to do is to turn your son or daughter into a Soldier. That is far
beyond our ability. Only the Army can create Soldiers; and only among those who decide
that is their calling. Neither are we trying to recruit your children into military service. Our
goal is to develop strong, independent, civic-minded young men and women, regardless of
the path they choose as adults.
But, remember that most of the officers and instructors in the USAC have served or are
serving in the U.S. Armed Forces. We all share a love of country, a devotion to service and
an admiration for the Armed Forces that keep us free, and we will work to create the same
attitudes and feelings in our Cadets.
Milestones 7-9
CNCOC SPECIAL
or PROGRAMS
Milestones 5-6
THA (Summer 4+)
(Summer 3)
• International
BLC Exchanges
Milestones 2-4 (Summer 2) • Army Career
Exploration Schools
• Annual Training
Milestone 1 BCT Staff
(Summer 1)
YOU ARE
HERE RO Proficiency
Certificate
Testing
Completion
Certificate
Testing
Table 1-1
Important contact information
Title Rank and Name Phone 1 Phone 2
First Line Supervisor
Sponsor
Buddy
Unit Commander
Table 1-2
My unit information
Unit Name
Headquarters Location
Company
Battalion
Brigade
Regiment
Notes:
(1) American Naval and Marine Scouts are incorporated as the New York Junior Naval Militia, Inc. by
Commodore James H.C. Smyth the founder of Colonel Cody’s Boy Scouts on August 16, 1927.
(2) The New York Junior Naval Militia, Inc. split and Commodore James H. C. Smyth incorporated the
Junior Naval Reserve, Inc. on February 19, 1929.
(3) On June 14, 1938 the Junior Naval Reserve, Inc. reorganized and changed its name as a result of a
War Department request. The War Department instructed the Secretary of State for each State and
Territory to require all organizations utilizing the words “Reserve” or “Militia” as part of their corporate
name to rename their organizations so as not to cause confusion among the general public as to their
official affiliation with the War Department. On November 2, 1938, the Junior Naval Militia, Inc. changed
its name as a result of a War Department request.
(4) On September 15, 1960 the organization came full circle when the Maritime Brigade, Inc. merged
with the American Nautical Alliance, Inc. to become the American Cadet Alliance, Inc.
(5) On 20 November 2007, ACA Notice 0705 announced that on the 100th anniversary of the ACA on 10
April 2009, the U.S. Naval Cadet Corps and the U.S. Marine Cadet Corps will be disestablished in favor
of the U.S. Army Cadet Corps.
Rear Admiral Gilbert G. Murdoch, Brigadier General Peter E. Brigadier General Charles R.
USNCC Genovese, Jr., USAR Tornow, USAC
National Commandant National Commander & Commanding General
October 1956 to April 1994 Co-Founder of the U.S. Army Cadet April 2008 to Present
Corps National Commander and Co-
April 1994 to April 1997 founder of the U.S. Army Cadet
Corps
April 1997 to April 2008
Figure 2-2. National leadership lineage
Table 2-1
USAC general knowledge
Question Response
“The Core Values of the U.S. Army Cadet Corps are
What are the core values of
COMMITMENT, ACHIEVEMENT, DISCIPLINE,
the U.S. Army Cadet Corps? EDUCATION, TRAINING, and SERVICE, Sir!”
“The mission of the U.S. Army Cadet Corps is ‘To instill in
What is the mission of the U.S. young Americans, through a multi-faceted Cadet program
which is physically and mentally challenging and
Army Cadet Corps? rewarding, the importance of national pride, service to
others, and maintaining a drug-free and gang-free
lifestyle’, Sir!”
What is the USAC Cadet “The USAC Cadet Honor Code is ‘A Cadet will not lie,
honor code? cheat, steal, or tolerate those who do,’ Sir!”
“The birthday of the U.S. Army Cadet Corps is April, 10th,
When is the birthday of the
1909, making us the oldest nationwide Cadet Corps in the
U.S. Army Cadet Corps? United States, Sir!”
What is the birthday of the “The birthday of the United States Army is June 14th, 1775,
U.S. Army? Sir.”
What is the motto of the U.S. “The motto of the U.S. Army Cadet Corps is ‘HARD CORE
Army Cadet Corps? or out the DOOR, Sir! Hooah!’”
Who is the Commander in “The Commander-in-Chief is the Honorable
Chief? (President’s Name), Sir.”
Who is the (Chain of
Command Title, such as “The National Commander of the U.S. Army Cadet
National Commander) of the Corps is _________________________, USAC, Sir.”
U.S. Army Cadet Corps?
Squad
4-6 Cadets, includes Squad Leader
10 Soldiers, includes Squad Leader
Platoon
3 Squads, 12-18 Cadets, plus Platoon 3-4 Squads, 30-40 Soldiers, plus
Sergeant Platoon Sergeant and Platoon
Leader
Company
2 Platoons, 24-36 Cadets, plus Cadet 3-4 Platoons, 90-160 Soldiers, plus
Operations/Training Sergeant and Company Commander and Staff
Cadet First Sergeant, and Company
Commander and Staff
3-4 Companies, 85-160 Cadets and 3-4 Companies, 270-640 Soldiers,
Battalion Staff, plus Cadet Sergeant Major and plus Battalion Commander and
Battalion Commander and Staff Staff
3-4 Battalions, 250-625 Cadets and
3-4 Battalions, 810-2,560 Soldiers
Brigade Staff, plus Brigade Commander and
plus Brigade Commander and Staff
Staff
3-4 Brigades, 775-2,500 Cadets and 3-4 Brigades plus support units,
Division Staff, plus Division Commander and 10,000-12,000 Soldiers plus
Staff Commanding General and Staff
3 Divisions, 2,300-7,500 Cadets and
National
Staff, plus National Commander and N/A
HQ Staff)
Table 2-3
Chain of command positions
Echelon Title
National Headquarters Commanding General (Brigadier General)
Brigade Brigade Commander (Colonel)
Battalion Battalion Commander (Lieutenant Colonel)
Company/Detachment Company Commander (Captain)/Officer In Charge (Varies)
First Line Supervisor Varies
Table 2-4
NCO support channel positions
Echelon Title
Brigade and higher
Command Sergeant Major
(Division, Army, Corps)
Battalion Sergeant Major
Company First Sergeant
Platoon Platoon Sergeant
Squad Squad Leader
Table 2-5
My chain of command
BG Charles R. Tornow, USAC
Commanding General
__________________________________
Brigade Commander
__________________________________
Battalion Commander
Table 2-6
My NCO support channel
CSM Raymond Schnabel, USAC __________________________________
NHQ Command Sergeant Major Cadet Command Sergeant Major
__________________________________
Brigade CSM
__________________________________ __________________________________
Battalion SGM Battalion C/SGM
__________________________________ __________________________________
Company First Sergeant Company Cadet First Sergeant
Chief Warrant Chief Warrant Chief Warrant Chief Warrant Warrant Officer 1
Officer 5 Officer 4 Officer 3 Officer 2 W-1
W-5 W-4 W-3 W-2
Figure 2-3. Army officer insignia of grade
NO INSIGNIA
Private
Private E2
Private First E-1
Sergeant Specialist Corporal E-2
Class
E-5 E-4 E-4 E-3
Cadet Sergeant Cadet Corporal Cadet Private Cadet Private E2 Cadet Recruit
C/E-5 C/E-4 First Class E-2 E-1
E-3
Figure 2-5. U.S. Army Cadet insignia of grade
Table 2-8
Time zone designations
Time Name Time Zone Letter Change from Zulu
Eastern Standard Time Romeo Zulu -5
Central Standard Time Sierra Zulu -6
Mountain Standard Time Tango Zulu -7
Pacific Standard Time Uniform Zulu -8
Notes:
Zulu Time does not change with the seasons. When the clocks here in
the U.S. are set ahead an hour in the spring, the East Coast goes to
Zulu-4, and other time zones change accordingly.
Military Dates
Military dates are expressed by day, month and year, in that order -- abbreviated to
the first three letters of the month and last two digits of the year. For example, June 5th,
2008 is expressed as 5 JUN 08.
2-12. Customs and Courtesies.
“Customs and Courtesies” describes the small habits and traditions that the military
uses every day when Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen, and Marines work together. They are a
little different for each branch, but they are more alike than different.
As a member of the USAC, you will first learn customs and courtesies of the Army;
however, because you will eventually meet members of other branches of service. So it
is important that you understand their customs and courtesies as well as your own.
Table 2-9
Military quotations
Quotation Author
“Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, President John F. Kennedy
that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any
hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure
the survival and success of liberty.”
“Eternal vigilance is the price of freedom.” Thomas Jefferson
“Winning is not a sometime thing. You do not win Vince Lombardi
occasionally. You do not do things right occasionally. You
do them right all the time.”
2-14. Promotions.
The promotion system in the U.S. Army Cadet Corps is designed to challenge you
and to reward you. Promotions are never a “gimme” in this organization; you will have to
work for every single stripe! The Cadet ranks are split into three phases. These phases
are based on the roles you will have as you progress through the Cadet Training
Program and earn additional rank.
Phases
Phase I – Initial Entry Training
You will always be learning in the USAC, but you will never have as much to learn as
you do during your first three promotions. This is when you go from a non-member to
being a full-fledged and highly qualified Cadet. This Phase covers the ranks of private
(E-1), private 2 (E-2) and private first class (E-3). In the Army, these are called the
“junior enlisted” grades.
Phase II – One-Meter Leader
Phase II covers the middle three ranks: corporal (E-4), sergeant (E-5), and staff
sergeant (E-6). In the Army, corporals are considered “junior NCOs” while sergeants
and staff sergeants are NCOs. In the USAC, these three grades are simply NCO
grades. During your time in these three grades, your focus will be on directly leading
The Sons of the American Revolution (SAR) Good Citizen Medal is authorized to be
awarded by the Sons of the American Revolution to no more than one Cadet per unit
who has attained the grade of E-5 or above and is in good standing militarily and
scholastically at the time of selection and presentation. The Cadet nominated must
demonstrate superior leadership qualities, military bearing, and excellence in the
performance of duties; and have the potential for greater leadership responsibilities.
Nominations may be made to the local SAR Chapter President, who will normally
present the award, consisting of a bronze medal, ribbon bar and a certificate of
recognition.
The USAC Good Conduct Medal is awarded to Cadets for exemplary behavior,
efficiency, and fidelity based on conduct for 12 consecutive months of active service
with at least 90% attendance.
The USAC Outstanding Volunteer Service Medal is awarded to USAC personnel who
perform a service that is beneficial in nature to a Federal, State, County or local
government, hospital or medical center, school, veterans' organization, service
organization (Red Cross, Salvation Army, etc.), or other youth group. The service
must be at least 50 hours in duration, accumulated within 12 consecutive months.
Hours worked must be certified by an official of the recipient organization. The hours
may be accumulated by service to one or more organizations. The member is
responsible for obtaining and retaining the work certifications until required hours
have been accumulated.
Service awards are awarded for meeting particular requirements for recruiting or
serving as a staff member during Annual Training. An example is shown in Figure 2-13.
Marksmanship badges are awarded to individuals who qualify because they have
demonstrated the safe handling of and proficiency and skill with rifles and/or pistols.
A full USAC awards chart is available in Appendix B.
The Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) Drug Demand Reduction Service Ribbon is
authorized to be awarded to USAC personnel who display outstanding skills in the
areas of leadership, perseverance and courage in the community as a drug-free role
model and who fulfill the following:
• Successful completion of eight prescribed substance abuse lectures from the
Department of Defense Drug Demand Reduction program, or school-based
Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE) program.
• Perform three anti-drug presentations at a school, civic, church, youth group
or other community-based audience of at least ten people, lasting at least 20
minutes.
• Provide awareness to the ideas of a drug-free lifestyle to community, school,
church or other youth-related organizations via newspaper articles, radio or
TV stories, displays or participation in other youth activities.
• The Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) distinguishing device may be awarded
to personnel who further distinguish themselves by giving 11 or more anti-
drug presentations as described above.
The USAC Basic Cadet Training Ribbon is awarded to Cadets who successfully
complete an approved course of instruction in recruit training of not less than
sixteen consecutive days or the Cadet Transition Course. A letter "H" may be
awarded to those Cadets who have been designated as honor graduates.
"I (Full Name), do solemnly promise to give true faith and allegiance to the
United States of America; to be faithful and loyal to the Corps of Cadets;
to obey the orders of the Officers appointed over me; and to conduct
myself so as to be a credit to my Unit, the U.S. Army Cadet Corps, the
Armed Forces and my Country."
3-2. The Cadet’s Creed.
The Cadet’s Creed is based upon the Soldier’s Creed. You will memorize this Creed
and understand the meaning of each line by the end of Recruit Orientation.
I am a U.S. Army Cadet.
I am a member of a team.
I will serve my community and live the Army and Army Cadet Values.
I will always strive for excellence.
I will always give my all.
I will never quit.
I am disciplined, physically and mentally strong, trained, and proficient in my tasks and
drills.
I always maintain my equipment and myself.
I support freedom and the American way of life.
I am a U.S. Army Cadet.
3-3. The Cadet’s Code.
As with the Cadet’s Creed, the Cadet’s Code is based on the U.S. Army Soldier’s
Code. This code establishes the basic responsibilities of a U.S. Army Cadet – you will
have this memorized by the end of recruit orientation.
I I am a U.S. Army Cadet – an asset to my community and part of the greatest Nation
on earth – a supporter of the Constitution of the United States.
II I will treat others with dignity and respect and expect others to do the same.
III I will honor my Country, the Army, the U.S. Army Cadet Corps, my unit, and my
fellow Cadets and cadre by living the U.S. Army Cadet Corps and Army Values.
IV No matter what situation I am in, I will never do anything for selfish purposes which
will disgrace my uniform, my unit, or my Country.
• I will not lie - Lying is not just a false statement; you can also 'lie by omission'. In
other words, you can lie by not giving information. Not only are you required to be
truthful, you are required to be fully truthful. Tell the truth and the whole truth, even if
it will cost you in some way.
• I will not cheat - Cheat has two meanings: to swindle someone or to purposefully
violate rules. You should be absolutely honest whenever you deal with people. Give
them fair value for what they give you. The second meaning is the one you know: to
break the rules, especially when you want to gain an advantage, such as cheating
on a test or cheating at a game. Neither type of cheating will be tolerated by the
Corps of Cadets.
• I will not steal - Simply put: stealing is depriving someone the use of their
property - even when they weren't using it. Just because a fellow Cadet isn't using
his canteen doesn't mean you can “borrow” it. If you don't have permission and they
can't use it, you've stolen it.
• I will not tolerate those who lie, cheat or steal - When you tolerate something it
means you are putting up with it without complaining. If one of your fellow Cadets
violates the Honor Code, you are duty bound - and honor bound - to report the
violation.
These are simple rules and the things they prohibit are things that no honorable
person should do or allow. You should find it easy to live by them. And only if you live by
them can you be a member of our Corps.
3-7. Review Questions.
3-1. Volunteering to help with a charity drive in your community demonstrates which
USAC Core Value?
a. Commitment
b. Education
c. Training
d. Service
4-6. A Cadet who conducts him or herself in a manner unbecoming the USAC or the
Armed Forces would be guilty of:
a. Hazing
b. Conduct Unbecoming
c. Misbehavior
d. Negligence
Table 5-1
Phonetic alphabet
Letter Word Letter Word Letter Word Letter Word
A Alpha H Hotel O Oscar V Victor
B Bravo I India P Papa W Whiskey
C Charlie J Juliet Q Quebec X X-Ray
D Delta K Kilo R Romeo Y Yankee
E Echo L Lima S Sierra Z Zulu
F Foxtrot M Mike T Tango
G Golf N November U Uniform
When spelling with the phonetic alphabet, you use the phonetic word in place of the
letter. The word “Cadet” would be spelled "Charlie Alpha Delta Echo Tango". The
Table 5-2
Phonetic numbers
Number Pronunciation Number Pronunciation
1 Wun 6 Six
2 Two 7 Seven
3 Tree 8 Eight
4 Fower 9 Niner
5 Fife 0 Zeero
These are the only digits used. Notice that there are no 'teens' and no tens (twenty,
thirty, and so on). That's because those numbers aren't used. Instead, the digits are
read from left to right. So the number 10 isn't read as 'ten', but as 'Wun Zeero'; and 11 is
'Wun Wun', and so on. Above 99 (Niner Niner), the place designators are read. So, 100
is 'Wun Hundred' and not 'Wun Zeero Zeero'. Here are some examples to help you.
Table 5-3
Phonetic number examples
Number Read As
50 Fife Zero
101 Wun Hundred Wun
111 Wun Hundred Wun Wun
990 Niner Hundred Niner Zero
1,000 Wun Thousand
1,050 Wun Thousand Fife Zero
10,000 Wun Zero Thousand
PARADE REST: Parade Rest is commanded only from the Position of Attention. The
command for this movement is Parade, REST.
STAND AT EASE: The command for this movement is Stand at, EASE. On the
command of execution EASE, execute Parade Rest, but turn the head and eyes directly
toward the person in charge of the formation or the instructor. At Ease or Rest may be
executed from this position.
HAND SALUTE: The Hand Salute is a one-count movement. The command is Present,
ARMS. The Hand Salute may be executed while marching. When marching, only the
Cadet in charge of the formation salutes and acknowledges salutes. When double-
timing, an individual Cadet must come to Quick Time before saluting.
• When wearing headgear with a visor (with or without glasses), on the command
of execution ARMS, raise the right hand sharply, fingers and thumb extended and
joined, palm facing down, and place the tip of the right forefinger on the rim of the
visor slightly to the right of the right eye. The outer edge of the hand is barely canted
downward so that neither the back of the hand nor the palm is clearly visible from
the front. The hand and wrist are straight, the elbow inclined slightly forward, and
the upper arm horizontal.
ENTERING A ROOM: When entering a room, follow the procedure outlined below:
• Knock three times – Be sure they are very loud!
• Center in doorway when told - Wait until an officer or NCO acknowledges with
the command “Enter”
• Sound off to the senior person in the room - "Recruit Jones requests permission
to speak with (name and rank of the person you wish to speak with), Sir.
• After permission is granted, walk to within three paces of the person you wish to
speak with - Uncover, unless on watch or outside and salute.
• Sound off - Recruit Jones, reporting as ordered, Sir!”
• When dismissed – Take a step backwards, with left foot first, and then sound off
with “Hooah!” followed by an about face.
5-5. Inspections.
Inspections are a part of military life, and are an opportunity for commanders to get a
quick look at the readiness of their personnel. Uniform, equipment, and personal space
(rack and locker) inspections are common in the USAC. You will have two inspections
during Recruit Orientation:
Bottom (First) Sheet: Drape evenly over width of mattress. Ensure the bottom edge of
sheet is flush with the foot end of mattress. Tuck excess under at the head end of
mattress. Make hospital corners at head and foot ends of bed.
Making Hospital Corners: First, grasp the side of sheet approximately 12 inches from
the head end of mattress; then, lay the sheet on top of the mattress, creating a 45-
degree angle. Tuck excess hanging down, under mattress. Next grasp 45-degree angle
and without changing its shape, bring it down and tuck under mattress. Make sure sheet
is completely tucked, smooth and tighten to the conformity of mattress.
Top Sheet. Drape evenly over width of mattress so that the top edge of the sheet is
approximately six inches from the head end of the mattress. Tuck excess under the foot
end of mattress. Make hospital corners.
Blanket. Drape over so that the top edge of the blanket is even with the sheet. Tuck
excess under the foot end of mattress. Ensure “U.S.” insignia (if printed) is facing up
• Non-firing handgrip: The rifle hand guard rests on the heel of the hand in the V
formed by the thumb and fingers. The grip of the non-firing hand is light, and
slight rearward pressure is exerted.
• Rifle butt position: The butt of the stock is placed in the pocket of the firing
shoulder. This reduces the effect of recoil and helps ensure a steady position.
• Firing handgrip: The firing hand grasps the pistol grip so that it fits the V formed
by the thumb and forefinger.
• Focus of the eye: A proper firing position places the eye directly on line with the
center of the rear sight.
o When the eye is focused on the front sight post, the natural ability of the
eye to center objects in a circle and to seek the point of greatest light
(center of the aperture) aid in providing correct sight alignment.
o For the average Cadet firing at silhouette-type targets, the natural ability of
the eye can accurately align the sights; therefore, the firer can place the
tip of the front sight post on the aiming point, but the eye must be focused
on the tip of the front sight post.
o This causes the target to appear blurry, while the front sight post is seen
clearly.
o Two reasons for focusing on the tip of the front sight post are:
Only a minor aiming error should occur since the error reflects
only as much as the Cadet fails to determine the target center.
A greater aiming error can result if the front sight post is blurry
due to focusing on the target or other objects.
Focusing on the tip of the front sight post aids the firer in
maintaining proper sight alignment (Figure 6-2).
• Sight picture: Once the Cadet can correctly align his sights, he can obtain a sight
picture.
o A correct sight picture has the target, front sight post, and rear sight
aligned.
o The sight picture includes two basic elements: sight alignment and
placement of the aiming point.
• Front sight: The front sight post is vital to proper firing and should be replaced
when damaged.
• Aiming practice: Aiming practice is conducted before firing live rounds.
o During day firing, the Cadet should practice sight alignment and
placement of the aiming point.
o This can be done by using training aids such as the M15AI aiming card
and the target box paddle.
Breath control: As the firer's skills improve and as timed or multiple targets are
presented, he must learn to hold his breath at any part of the breathing cycle. Two types
of breath control techniques are practiced during dry fire:
• The first is the technique used during zeroing and when time is available to fire a
shot (Figure 6-5, top graph).
o There is a moment of natural respiratory pause while breathing when
most of the air has been exhaled from the lungs and before inhaling.
o Breathing should stop after most of the air has been exhaled during the
normal breathing cycle.
Trigger squeeze: Any sudden movement of the finger on the trigger can disturb the lay
of the rifle and cause the shot to miss the target. The precise instant of firing should be
a surprise to the firer.
• The Cadet’s natural reflex to compensate for the noise and slight punch in the
shoulder can cause him to miss the target if he knows the exact instant the rifle
will fire.
• The Cadet usually tenses his shoulders when expecting the rifle to fire, but it is
difficult to detect since he does not realize he is flinching.
• A novice firer can learn to place the rifle in a steady position and to correctly aim
at the target if he follows basic principles.
• If the trigger is not properly squeezed, the rifle is misaligned with the target at the
moment of firing.
• The trigger finger (index finger on the firing hand) is placed on the trigger
between the first joint and the tip of the finger (not the extreme end) and is
adjusted depending on hand size, grip, and so on.
o The trigger finger must squeeze the trigger to the rear so that the hammer
falls without disturbing the lay of the rifle.
o When a live round is fired, it is difficult to see what effect trigger pull had
on the lay of the rifle; therefore, it is important to experiment with many
finger positions during dry-fire training to ensure the hammer is falling with
little disturbance to the aiming process.
• Upon entering the position, the Cadet adds or removes dirt, sandbags, or other
supports to adjust for his height.
• He then faces the target, executes a half-face to his firing side, and leans forward
until his chest is against the firing hand corner of the position.
• He places the rifle hand guard in a V formed by the thumb and fingers of his non-
firing hand, and rests the non-firing hand on the material (sandbags or berm) to
the front of the position.
• The Cadet places the stock butt in the pocket of his firing shoulder and rests his
firing elbow on the ground outside the position.
• When prepared positions are not available, the prone supported position can be
substituted.
• To assume this position, the Cadet faces his target, spreads his feet a
comfortable distance apart, and drops to his knees.
• Using the butt of the rifle as a pivot, the firer rolls onto his non-firing side, placing
the non-firing elbow close to the side of the magazine.
• He places the rifle butt in the pocket formed by the firing shoulder, grasps the
pistol grip with his firing hand, and lowers the firing elbow to the ground.
• The rifle rests in the V formed by the thumb and fingers of the non-firing hand.
• The Cadet adjusts the position of his firing elbow until his shoulders are about
level, and pulls back firmly on the rifle with both hands.
• To complete the position, he obtains a stock weld and relaxes, keeping his heels
close to the ground.
6-4. Review Questions.
6-1. BRM is a term meaning:
a. Basic Rifle Marksmanship
b. Basic Rifle Manual
c. Beginning Rifle Marksmanship
d. Basic Rifle Maneuvers
6-2. Basic rifle safety includes:
a. Treat weapons as being loaded
b. Load the rifle before getting ready to shoot to make sure the ammunition fits
properly
c. Trust that the weapon’s safety selector will keep the weapon in a “safe” mode
d. Point the weapon at objects or people because you know that the weapon is
unloaded
Table 7-1
MCJKKD belt system
Additional Cadet
Belt Color Description Requirements
White Belt (6th Kyu) Basic techniques None
Yellow Belt (5th Kyu) Basic techniques None
Orange Belt (4th Kyu) Basic and intermediate techniques National PFT
Green Belt (3rd Kyu) Basic and intermediate techniques National PFT
National PFT
Blue Belt (2nd Kyu) Intermediate techniques
Milestone 6
Intermediate and advanced Presidential PFT
Brown Belt (1st Kyu)
techniques Milestone 6
Black Belt (1st Dan/ Presidential PFT
Advanced techniques
Shodan) Milestone 7
Black Belt (2nd Dan/ Presidential PFT
Advanced techniques
Nidan) Milestone 8
Table 8-1
Proper cold weather clothing guidelines
To Keep Warm, Remember the Word C-O-L-D
C Cleanliness and Care Socks and clothing work more
effectively when clean. This is why
you carry extra pairs with you to the
field.
O Avoid Overheating Wearing too much clothing can cause
overheating and excessive sweating,
which makes clothes wet and
decreases insulation. You will be
instructed when to remove clothing.
L Layers and Looseness Clothing in loose layers assures air
spaces to prevent heat loss. You will
be instructed when to add clothing.
D Dry A wet garment is a cold garment. You
will be instructed to wear your water
repellent items, such as wet weather
ensemble or poncho, when
appropriate.
Seek medical treatment for painful blisters or signs of infection such as redness,
throbbing, and drainage.
• Sprinkle foot powder in your socks to help absorb the moisture.
• Remove the inserts from your boots at night to prevent fungus from growing.
• If you get athlete's foot, you need an anti-fungal solution or cream to treat it.
• Wear one pair of boots one day and change to your other pair the next day.
Table 8-2
Fire team formations
Fire Team Wedge
When normally used Basic fire team formation
Control Easy
Flexibility Good
Security Good
Fire Team File
When normally used Close terrain, dense vegetation, limited visibility
Control Easiest
Flexibility Less flexible than the wedge
Security Least
Natural terrain often provides cover and concealment; however, depending on the
land type you find yourself in, you may have to prepare your cover and use natural and
man-made materials to camouflage yourself, your equipment, and your position.
Cover
Cover gives protection from enemy fire (see Figure 8-3).
• Cover can also conceal you from enemy observation.
• Cover can be natural or man-made.
• Natural cover includes such things as logs, trees, stumps, ravines, and hollows.
• Manmade cover includes such things as fighting positions, trenches, walls,
rubble, and craters.
Concealment
Concealment is anything that hides you from observation.
• Concealment does not protect you from enemy fire.
• Concealment, like cover, can also be natural or man-made.
• Natural concealment includes such things as bushes, grass, trees, and shadows.
• If possible, natural concealment should not be disturbed.
• Man-made concealment includes such things as camouflage uniforms,
camouflage nets, face paint, and natural material that has been moved from its
original location.
• Man-made concealment must blend into the natural concealment provided by the
terrain.
• How to camouflage.
o Before camouflaging, study the terrain and vegetation of the area in which
you are operating.
o Then pick and use the camouflage material that best blends with that
area.
o When moving from one area to another, change camouflage as needed to
blend with the surroundings.
o Take grass, leaves, brush, and other material from your location and apply
it to your uniform and equipment and put face paint on your skin (see
Figure 8-6).
o Helmets: Camouflage your helmet with the issue helmet cover or make a
cover of cloth or burlap that is colored to blend with the terrain.
In addition to the face, paint the exposed skin on the back of the
neck, arms, and hands.
Palms of hands are not normally camouflaged if arm-and-hand
signals are to be used.
Remove all jewelry to further reduce shine or reflection.
When camouflage sticks are not issued, use burnt cork, bark,
charcoal, or light-colored mud.
Table 8-3
Camouflaging skin
Skin Color Shine Areas Shadow Areas
Camouflaged Forehead,
Around eyes, under
Material Light or dark cheekbones, ears,
nose, under chin
nose, and chin
Loam and Light Use in areas with
Use loam Use light green
Green Stick green vegetation
Sand and Light Use in areas lacking
Use light green Use sand
Green Stick green vegetation
Loam and White Use only in snow-
Use loam Use white
covered terrain
Burnt Cork, Bark Use if camouflage
Use Do not use
Charcoal sticks not available
Light-Colored Mud Use if camouflage
Do not use Use
sticks not available
Foot care during a march is extremely important since feet are enclosed in heavy
rigid footwear during most working hours and are constantly in action.
• Good hygiene measures include bathing frequently, using foot powder, wearing
properly fitted footwear to allow for ventilation, and correctly trimming toenails.
• The care of minor foot ailments caused by the march should be given the utmost
attention.
• Many major conditions requiring hospitalization and disability have resulted from
neglected or maltreated minor conditions.
• Conditioning is accomplished by progressively increasing the distance to be
marched from day to day.
o Marching is a good way to strengthen the feet and legs.
o Running alone will not suffice.
o The arch, ankle, and calf can be conditioned by performing simple
exercises such as rising high on the toes, or standing on a towel and using
the toes to roll the towel back under the arch.
• Certain preventive measures can be implemented to avoid painful foot problems.
o Before marches, trim toenails at least every two or three weeks,
depending upon individual needs.
o Cut toenails short and square, and straight across (See chapter 4,
Personal Hygiene for added details).
o Keep feet clean and dry, and use foot powder.
o Wear clean, dry, un-mended, good-fitting socks (preferably cushion-soled)
with seams and knots outside.
o A nylon or polypropylene sock liner can reduce friction and add protection.
o Carry an extra pair of socks.
o Carefully fit new boots.
o When getting used to a new pair of boots, alternate with another pair; tape
vulnerable foot areas before wearing.
During halts, lie down with the feet elevated.
• If time permits, massage the feet, apply foot powder, change socks, and
medicate blisters.
• Cover open blisters, cuts, or abrasions with absorbent adhesive bandages.
• Obtain relief from swelling feet by slightly loosening bootlaces where they cross
the arch of the foot.
After marches, repeat procedures for the care of feet, wash and dry socks, and dry
boots.
• Medicate blisters, abrasions, corns, and calluses.
• Inspect painful feet for sprains and improper fitting of socks and boots.
• Feet can develop red, swollen, tender skin along the sides of the feet from
prolonged marching, which could become blisters.
• Therefore, feet require aeration, elevation, rest, and wider footwear.
Properly fitted boots are ensured by checking that the space between the end of
the great toe and the toe of the boot is the width of the thumb.
• In the unlaced boot, there should be enough space under the lower edge of the
tongue to insert an index finger.
• Poorly fitted boots can cause blisters, abrasions, calluses, and corns.
• Pressure is caused by boots being too small.
• Friction is caused by boots being too large.
• If the tops of the toes are involved, the cap is too low or too stiff.
• If the ends of the toes are affected, the boot is too short or too loosely laced.
• If the sides of the big and little toes become irritated, the boot is too narrow.
• Irritation at the heel is caused by boots being too long, too loosely laced, or too
wide a heel space.
Properly laced boots prevent blisters and improper blood flow in the foot.
• Laces can assume a seesaw action, which can produce a long blister across the
instep.
• To prevent blistering, avoid lacing over the instep.
• If possible, broad laces should be used and an extra pair should be carried.
Check for properly fitted socks by first standing with your weight evenly distributed
on both feet.
• If the socks fit correctly, no tightness or fullness should exist.
• The wool cushion-sole sock is best because it offers good foot protection.
• Cadets should allow 3/8 of an inch for shrinkage of new socks.
• Those that are too large wrinkle inside the shoe, rub the feet, and cause blisters
and abrasions.
• Socks that are too small wear quickly and reduce blood flow in the foot.
• Wear two pairs of socks when breaking in new boots—dress socks underneath
wool socks.
• Socks must be changed daily - dirty socks are conductors of heat that allow
warmth to escape.
• Socks should be washed in lukewarm water to preserve the fiber—hot water can
cause them to shrink.
• When socks become damp, they can be dried by placing them inside a shirt next
to the body.
• Socks should be completely dry before wearing.
• If it is not possible to wash the socks, they should be changed.
• Dirty socks should be dried and kneaded with the hands to remove dirt and
hardness.
8-7. What does the word “COLD” stand for when preventing cold weather injuries?
a. Coffee, Over layers, Lay down, Dinner
b. Clean your body, promote Overheating, Loosen gloves, Do more exercise.
c. Cleanliness & Care, avoid Overheating, Layers and Looseness, Dry.
d. Close hood, Open zippers, Drink liquids, Don’t move around.
8-11. Pick the best way to take care of your feet during movement:
a. Change socks frequently, keep feet dry, use foot powder, inspect your feet.
b. Tighten your boots, wear white socks.
c. Keep your socks wet.
d. Pop blisters as soon as they appear.
Master Parachutist Senior Parachutist Basic Parachutist Student Master MEMS Senior MEMS Basic MEMS SCUBA
C/O C/O C/O Parachutist C C/O C/O C/O C/O
Licensed Pilot Solo Pilot Expert Sharpshooter Marksman National Headquarters Staff USAC Identification Badge
C/O C/O C/O C/O C/O Identification Badge O O
Ribbons (C= Cadet Award O = Officer Award, # = ribbon device number used with that ribbon)
Right Side (2 Awards) Left Side (26 Awards)
Meritorious Unit Award Superior Unit Award Distinguished Service Superior Service Medal Lifesaving Medal Meritorious Service Commendation Medal
C/O 5,6 C/O 5,6 Medal C/O 4,5 C/O 4,5 C/O 4,5 Medal C/O 4,5 C/O 4,5
Achievement Medal Commander’s Letter of Daughters of the Sons of the American Navy League of the Training Efficiency “E” Good Conduct Medal
C/O 4,5 Commendation Ribbon American Revolution Revolution Medal United States Youth Ribbon C7
C/O 4,5 Medal C C Medal C C/O 10,11
Outstanding Volunteer Officer Professional Cadet NCO Course Seamanship Ribbon Field Training Exercise DEA Drug Demand Academic Excellence
Service Medal Development Ribbon Ribbon C 1,2 Ribbon Reduction Ribbon Ribbon
C/O 1,2 O6 C 2, 8 C C/O 3 C 1,2
Physical Excellence Sea Service Ribbon Training Staff Recruiting Ribbon Color Guard/Honor Basic Leader Course Basic Training Ribbon
Ribbon C 1,2 C/O 1,2 Service Ribbon C/O C/O 1,2 Guard Ribbon C/O 1,2 Ribbon C 9 C9
1,2
Ribbon Devices
1. Silver 2. Bronze 3. DEA 4. Silver Oak 5. Bronze Oak 6. Bronze 7. Good Conduct 8. Silver 9. Bronze 10. “E” 11. “E” Ribbon
Service Star Service Star Shield Leaf Cluster Leaf Cluster Arabic Numeral Medal Clasp “H” “H” Ribbon Fourth Award
108 AC PAM 600-4 · 30 June 2008
Appendix C
Cadet Code of Discipline