WINGWALL DESIGN

SYMBOLS AND DEFINITIONS:H = the height of the wall (from top of the wall to bottom of the footing) B = length of footing Ho = the height of the wall (from top of the wall to top of the footing) hn = the height of nib h = the height of fill on the toe Ltoe = length of toe Lheel = length of heel Tfooting = thickness of footing Ttop = thickness of wall at top Tbottom = thickness of wall at bottom = surcharge = unit weight of the backfill material pa = active earth pressure coefficient pp = passive earth pressure coefficient Pa = active force per unit length of wall at bottom of wall Pp = passive force per unit length of wall at bottom of wall = internal friction angle of the soil sample f = friction coefficient = bearing capacity = unit weight of concrete f = patial safety factor e = eccentricity DATA:Ho 2.50 h 0.00
Eurocode2 Clause 4.4

B 2.50 hnib 0.00

H 3.00

Ltoe 0.50

Lheel 1.70 f 0.57 fy 410

Tfooting 0.50

Ttop 0.30

Tbottom 0.30 ka 0.330

10.00
cover 0.05

18.00
fcu 25

100.00
fyv 250

26.34

kp 3.00

25.00

1) Calculate Total Horizontal Force

Part 1 (Surcharge) P1 = kaH = Part 2 P2 (Earth Pressure) = 0.5kaH2 = 2) Calculate Vertical Loads Surcharge Wall Ws = Lheel Ww =0.5(Ttop + Tbottom)Ho

9.90 kN 26.73 kN

17.00 kN 18.75 kN

DESIGNED BY ULASI IFEANYI, C

Nib Footing Soil cover at toe Soil cover at heel

Wn =(Tbottom * hnib * ) Wf = TfootingB Wt = Ltoe(h-Tfooting) Wh = Lheel(H-Tfooting) Total

0.00 31.25 kN 0.00 kN 76.50 kN 143.50 kN

The maximum possible friction force at bottom of footing F = fNtotal = 3) Check Sliding Total lateral active force(including surcharge) f (earth)= f (sur)= 1.1

64.89 kN

1.5 44.25 kN

f(sur) * P1 + f(earth) * P2 =
Total maximum possible sliding resistant capacity Passive P3 = 0.5kphnib2 = Passive + friction = Sliding safety factor =

0 kN 64.89 kN 1.47 < 1.5 FAILS

4) Check Overturning Take point A as the reference point Resistant moment f (permanent loads) = 0.9 Surcharge Soil cover at heel Wall Nib Soil cover at toe Footing

f (variable load) =

0 0.00 kN.m 113.60 kN.m 10.97 kN.m 0.00 kN.m 0.00 kN.m Total 35.16 kN.m 159.73 kN.m

Ws *(Lheel/2 + Tbottom + Ltoe)*f(vari. Load) Wh *(Lheel/2 + Tbottom + Ltoe)*f(per. Loads) Ww *(Tbottom /2 + Ltoe)*f(per. Load) Wn *(Tbottom /2 + Ltoe)*f(per. Load) Wt *( Ltoe/2)*f(per. Load) Wf*B/2*f(per. Load)

Overturning moment f (earth)= 1.1 P1 * (H/2) * f(sur)+ P2 * (H/3) * f(earth) = Overturning safety factor = 5) Check Bearing Vertical Loads f(sur.)= 0.0 Surcharge Wall Nib Footing Soil cover at toe Ws = f(sur.)**Lheel

f (sur)=

1.5 51.68 kN.m 3.09 > 1.5 OK

f(per.)= 1.0
Ww =f(per.)*0.5*(Ttop+Tbottom)*Ho* Wn =f(per.)*Tbottom*hnib* Wf = f(per.)*Tfooting*B* Wt = f(per.)**Ltoe*(h-Tfooting)

f(per.)= 1.00
0.00 kN 18.75 kN 0.00 kN 31.25 kN 0.00 kN

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Soil cover at heel Total vertical load Ntotal =

Wh = f(per.)**Lheel(H-Tfooting) Total

76.50 kN 126.50 kN 126.50 kN

Total moment about center line of footing: * Clockwise Soil cover @heel Wh *(B/2-Lheel/2 ) 30.60 kN.m 30.60 kN.m

*Counterclockwise f(per.)= 1.35 Wall Nib

f(sur.)=

1.50 Ww *(B/2 - Ltoe - Tbottom/2) Wn *(B/2 - Ltoe - Tbottom/2) Wt *( B/2 - Ltoe/2)

11.25 kN.m 0.00 0.00 kN.m 22.28 kN Total 36.09 kN 69.61 kN.m

Soil cover @ toe Part 1 (Surcharge) P1 = f(sur.)*ka**.5*H2 = Part 2 P2 = f(per.)*0.5*ka**(1/3)*H3 =

Total moment at bottom of footing Mtotal 39.01 kN.m (counterclockwise)

Maximum bearing stress

= Ntotal/A +- Mtotal/S
e = Mtotal/Ntotal = where A=B*1 S = 1.0 * B^2 / 6 Therefore: 1 = and 2 = 0.31 < 0.42 Eccentricity OK 2.5 m2 1.04 m3

88.05 kN/m2 13.15 kN/m2 88.05 kN/m2 13.15 kN/m2 73.07 kN/m2 64.08 kN/m2

< >

100.00 0

kN/m2 kN/m2 OK

1 = 2 = 3 = 4 =

BENDING MOMENT AND SHEAR FORCE: 1) WALL:-

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Shear force P = f*0.5*ka**Ho2+f**ka*Ho = Bending moment M=f*0.5*ka**Ho2*(Tfooting/2+Ho/3)+f**ka*Ho*(Tfooting/2+Ho/2) M=

37.43 kN

45.71 kN.m

2) BASE:Heel:Shear force P = f*Wf + f*Wh - f*2*Lheel - f*0.5*(4-2 )*Lheel = P= Bending moment 39.54 kN

M = f*Wf*(Lheel/2+Tbottom/2) + f*Wh*(Lheel/2+Tbottom/2) - f*2*Lheel*(Lheel/2+Tbottom/2) - *0.5*(4-2 )*Lheel*(Lheel/3+Tbottom/2) = f M= 51.81 kN.m

Toe:Shear force P = -f*Wf-f*Wt+f*3*Ltoe+f*0.5*(1-3 )*Ltoe= P= Bending moment 31.84 kN

M = -f*Wf*(Ltoe/2+Tbottom/2) - f*Wh*(Ltoe/2+Tbottom/2) + f*3*Ltoe*(Ltoe/2+Tbottom/2) + *0.5*(1-3 )*Ltoe*(2*Ltoe/3+Tbottom/2) = f M= DESIGN OF WALL:BENDING MOMENT REINFORCEMENT :Clause 3.4.4.4 Table 3.14 MWALL 45.71 Spacing 175.0 Clause bar 20 Prov. As 1795 effec.d 240 K 0.032 z 228.000 As 514.72 Min. As 360.0 Reqd. As 514.7 14.40 kN.m

SHEAR FORCE REINFORCEMENT :1/3 Vd min As 100As/bvd vc 3.5.5.2 v (400/d)1/4 (fcu/25) 3.5.5.3 37.43 0.156 514.72 0.214 1.136 1.00 0.430 Table 3.16 No shear reinforcement is required. 0.5vc vc+ 0.4 0.8*sqrt(fcu) Asv/sv Asv/sv v 0.215 legs 0 0.156 bar 12 0.830 Asv sv 4.00 Asv/sv 0.00 0.000 Links 0.000 Nominal Links

113.11 250.00

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Clause 3.4.6.3

DEFLECTION: Basic span/effective depth ratio = MWALL fs Table 3.9 M/bd Table 3.10 45.71 0.79 273.3 CRACKING: Clause 3d spacing 3.12.11.2.7 720 175.0 Crack OK DESIGN OF HEEL:Clause

12 M.F 1.55 Allow. span/d ratio 18.626 Actual span/d ratio 10.42 Deflection OK

BENDING MOMENT REINFORCEMENT :MHEEL bar 3.4.4.4 effec.d K Table 3.14 51.81 16 442 0.011 Spacing 225.0 Clause 3.5.5.2 3.5.5.3 Table 3.16 Prov. As 894

z 419.900

As 345.89

Min. As Reqd. As 663.0 663.0

SHEAR FORCE REINFORCEMENT:Vd min As 100As/bvd v 39.54 0.5vc 0.168 legs 0 0.089 v 0.089 bar 12

1/3 vc (400/d)1/4 (fcu/25) 663.00 0.150 1.000 1.00 0.336 No shear reinforcement is required. vc+ 0.4 0.8*sqrt(fcu) Asv/sv Asv/sv 0.736 4.00 0.000 0.000 Links Nominal Links Asv sv Asv/sv 113.11 250.00 0.00

Clause 3.4.6.3

Basic span/effective depth ratio = MHEEL fs Table 3.9 M/bd Table 3.10 51.81 0.27 273.33 CRACKING: Clause 3d spacing 3.12.11.2.7 1326 225.0 Crack OK DESIGN OF TOE:Clause 3.4.4.4 Table 3.14

12 M.F 2.01 Allow. span/d ratio 24.079 Actual span/d ratio 5.66 Deflection OK

BENDING MOMENT REINFORCEMENT :MTOE bar effec.d K 14.40 Spacing 150.0 20 Prov. As 2094 440 0.003

z 418.000

As 96.57

Min. As 660.0

Reqd. As 660.0

Clause

SHEAR FORCE REINFORCEMENT:1/3 Vd min As 100As/bvd vc 3.5.5.2 v (400/d)1/4 (fcu/25) 3.5.5.3 31.84 0.072 660.00 0.150 1.000 1.00 0.336 Table 3.16 No shear reinforcement is required. 0.5vc vc+ 0.4 0.8*sqrt(fcu) Asv/sv Asv/sv v 0.168 0.072 0.736 4.00 0.000 Links 0.000 Nominal Links

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legs 0 Clause 3.4.6.3

bar 12

Asv

sv

Asv/sv 0.00 12

113.11 250.00

Basic span/effective depth ratio = MTOE fs Table 3.9 M/bd Table 3.10 14.40 0.07 273.33 CRACKING: Clause 3d spacing 3.12.11.2.7 1320 150.0 Crack OK

M.F 2.29

Allow. span/d ratio 27.502

Actual span/d ratio 5.68 Deflection OK

DESIGNED BY ULASI IFEANYI, C