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Exercise No. 1
Exercise No. 1
1.0 2.0 TITLE: - Structural design and drawing of any one of single storeyed building PRIOR CONCEPT: Simple supports, types of beam, types of slab, types of column, types of footing, types of stairs.
3.0
Proposition 2 :
Reference plan at roof level consisting direction of slab serial numbering of beams & serial numbering of column.
Proposition 3 :
Reference plan at lintel level consisting of lintel beams and cantilever slabs.
Proposition 4 :
Staircase design and drawing doglegged stair case,
Proposition 5 :
Plinth level consisting serial numbering of beams.
Proposition 6 :
Reference plan at foundation level consisting of serial numbering of footing.
Proposition 7 :
Design of all structural members. Design of structural members includes design of one-way, two-way & cantilever slab, flanged beam, rectangular beam, shear design, design of dog- legged staircase, design of axially loaded short column & design of footing.
4.0
Proposition - 2
Exercise No. 1
Proposition - 3
Proposition - 4
Proposition - 5
Proposition - 6
Exercise No. 1
Proposition - 7
5.0
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
5.1 Intellectual Skill
5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 5.1.4 To locate and orient column To understand specification given in IS Code To understand the design procedure of all structural element To understand the schedule of reinforcement. To draw plan at roof level To draw plan at lintel level To draw plan at plinth level. To draw plan at foundation level. To draw structural layout.
5.2
Motor Skill
6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.4 6.2.5
Exercise No. 1
6.0
APPARATUS:
Drawing sheets and drawing instrument
6.1
Information Input
SBC of soil Loads on the structure Grade of concrete and steel
6.2
Safe bearing capacity of the soil = Taking help from subject teacher & discussion, mark the following for given architectural plan.: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) Positioning of columns & serial numbering of columns. Types & directions of slabs. Numbering of beams. At lintel level positioning of lintel beams and cantilever slabs. Positioning & type of Staircase.(Doglegged stair case) At Plinth level serial numbering of beams. At foundation level serial numbering of footing.
Exercise No. 1
Exercise No. 1
7.0
7.2
d =
span 20 x M.F.
= =
Overall depth (D) = d + /2 + cover = ........................mm Say .....................mm Effective depth (d) = D - /2 - cover = ............. - ......... - = ..mm. Clear span of the slab lc = Effective span of the slab leff = lc + d = . + = Or leff = lc + t/2 + t/2 Minimum of above leff = = . + + . =
7.3
Loads calculations: Consider 1 m wide strip i) Self weight of slab = = ii) iii) Super imposed load Floor finish = = = = 1 x 1 x D x 25 =.. ........... kN/m ........... kN/m ........... kN/m ........... kN/m W x 1.5
10
Exercise No. 1
7.4
Main steel
= . =................................m m2 Minimum Steel = = = Assuming .mm bar Spacing = Area of one bar Area of Steel x 1000 0.12 % of Ag. 0.12 x Width of slab x Overall depth 100 m m2 Ast req > Ast min
7.5
m m2
Assuming .mm bar Spacing = = = Spacing minimum of 1. 2. 3. as calculated = 5 d = 5 x . = mm 450 mm. Area of one bar Area of dist.. Steel x 1000
X 1000 mm
11
Exercise No. 1
7.6
v % Steel at support =
Pt
% K =..
Fe 415 &
7.7
from IS 456:2000 bd = . Ld M0 M0 V0 L0
= . =
mm
= 0.87 fy Ast ( d -
1.3
+ L0
hence o.k.
12
Exercise No. 1
7.8
Summary of design :
1. 2. 3. 4. Overall depth D = m m Effective depth d = m m Main steel mm bars @ mm c/c Dist. Steel mm bars @ mm c/c
Note : Draw the diagram showing the reinforcement details for the above slab on drawing sheet with the guidance of teacher.
8.0
8.2
= =
= .
Overall depth (D) = d + /2 + cover = ........................mm Say .....................mm Effective depth (d) = D -
/2 - cover
Clear span for shorter span lx = mm Effective span of the slab l x eff = lx + d = . + = Or l x eff = lx + t/2 + t/2 = . + + . =
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Exercise No. 1
Minimum of above lx eff = mm Clear span for longer span ly = ..mm Effective span of the slab l yeff = ly + d = . + = Or ly eff = ly+ t/2 + t/2 Minimum of above ly eff = .mm Span ratio = = ________ = = . + + . =
For slab simply supported on all four sides corners not held down coefficients as per IS 456 - 2000 are x =
y =
8.3
Load calculations: Consider 1 m wide strip i) Self weight of slab = = ii) iii) Super imposed load Floor finish = = = 1 x 1 x D x 25 ........... kN/m ........... kN/m ........... kN/m ........... kN/m
Factored load = 1.5 x = N/m Factored short span moment = Mux = x w lx2 = . = .. KN m.= . Nmm Factored long span moment = Muy = y w lx2 = . = .. KN m.= . Nmm
8.4
Mux < Mu lim The section is under -reinforced. Steel required for short span.
14
Exercise No. 1
8.5
= =................................m m2 Minimum Steel = = = Assuming .mm bar Spacing = = X 1000 = . m m Spacing minimum of 1. 2. 3. as calculated = 3 d = 3 x = mm 450 mm. 0.12 % of Ag. 0.12 x Width of slab x Overall depth 100 m m2 Ast req > Ast min
8.6
15
Exercise No. 1
= K x c = .. =N / mm2 >v
Hence O.K.
8.7
from IS 456:2000 bd = Ld = . = mm
M0
= 0.87 fy Ast ( d -
M0 V0 L0
1.3
+ L0
hence o.k.
8.8
= . =................................m m2 Minimum Steel = = = 0.12 % of Ag. 0.12 x Width of slab x Overall depth 100 m m2 Ast req > Ast min
16
Exercise No. 1
Assuming .mm bar Spacing = = X 1000 = . m m Spacing minimum of 1. 2. 3. as calculated = 3 d = 3 x = mm 450 mm.
8.9
17
Exercise No. 1
1.3
+ L0 = . = .mm
Ld
1.3
+ L0
hence o.k.
Note : Draw the diagram showing the reinforcement details for the above slab on drawing sheet with the guidance of teacher.
9.0
9.2
Planning :
Assume Rise = .. Tread = . Size of landing =..
Using two flights, no. of steps in each flight = ..= No. of tread required in each flight = . - 1 = Space occupied by all treads = .
Space available for each landing =.= . Draw the general arrangement
18
Exercise No. 1
9.3
Load Calculations :
Assuming thickness of waist slab as = .mm. Draw the diagram showing waist slab , rise & tread.
a) b) c) d) e)
Dead Load of waist slab on slope = . = Dead load of waist slab on horizontal area = .. = Dead load of step per m tread = . weight of Floor finish = Super imposed loads = .. Total Load (b+c+d+e) = + ++ = ..kN/m. Factored load = Total load X 1.5 = X 1.5 =. kN/m.
9.4
(Assume diameter of bar) Over all depth (D) = d + + cover ( Assume 15 mm cover)
D = ...... + ...... + ...... = ..mm Round up the value of D say ..mm d=D- cover
d = .........................mm
19
Exercise No. 1
9.5
= .. =................................m m2 Minimum Steel = = = Assuming .mm bar Spacing = = X 1000 = . m m 0.12 % of Ag. 0.12 x Width of slab x Overall depth 100 m m2 Ast req > Ast min
9.6
Spacing minimum of
1. 2. 5. as calculated = 3 d = 3 x ----------- = ------------ mm 450 mm.
9.7
x 1000
9.8
20
Exercise No. 1
= = _________________ N/ mm2
v % Steel at support = = Pt =
- % Fe 415 & K=
= =
9.9
= .mm Ld
1.3
+ L0
hence o.k.
Note : Draw the diagram showing the reinforcement details for the above slab on drawing sheet with the guidance of teacher.
21
Exercise No. 1
10.2 d
span = 7 x M.F.
= Overall depth (D) = d + /2 + cover = ........................mm Say .....................mm Effective depth (d) = D - /2 - cover = ............. - ......... - = ..mm. Clear span of the slab lc = Effective span of the slab leff = lc + d = . + =
10.3 Loads calculations: Consider 1 m wide strip i) Self weight of slab = = ii) iii) Super imposed load Floor finish Total Load (W=i+ii+iii) Factored Load (Wd) Factored bending moment Mu = = = = = = 1 x 1 x D x 25 ........... kN/m ........... kN/m ........... kN/m ........... kN/m W x 1.5
= .......................kN - m = ..Nmm. Check for depth Mu d d = ..................... fck bd2 = = mm < d Assumed hence o.k.
22
Exercise No. 1
= =................................m m2 Minimum Steel = = = Assuming .mm bar Spacing = = X 1000 = . m m Spacing minimum of 1. 2. 1. as calculated = 3 d = 3 x = mm 450 mm. 0.12 % of Ag. 0.12 x Width of slab x Overall depth 100 m m2 Ast req > Ast min
23
Exercise No. 1
= = _________________ N/ mm2
v % Steel at support = = Pt =
= =
Ld
= .mm Ld = 1.3 M0 + L0 V0
Note : Draw the diagram showing the reinforcement details for the above slab on drawing sheet with the guidance of teacher.
24
Exercise No. 1
NOTE: 1. 2.
Assume depth of the beam for the calculations of self weight. Design only one beam from above.
25
Exercise No. 1
NOTE: 1. 2.
Assume depth of the beam for the calculations of self weight. Design only one beam from above.
26
Exercise No. 1
13.2
= . (Generally equal to width of the wall or 230 mm) = .................................... = = = ...............................mm Say mm
(Assume diameter of bar) Over all depth (D) = d+ + cover ( Assume 25 mm cover)
d = .........................mm :. b = ..........................mm
For = ..
No of Bar = N2 =
= =
Provide # mm bars
27
Exercise No. 1
Pt
= ...................... %
3.
Compare
v & c
a) b) a)
Provide nominal shear reinforcement. Design shear reinforcement. Provide nominal shear reinforcement as fallows :
= .=..
Spacing of stirrups Sv
= .. = .. mm
Spacing should be less than . 1. 2. 3. as calculated = ..mm 0.75 d = 0.75 x . = .mm 450 mm.
Provide mm two legged M.S. stirrups @ mm c/c. b) when v > c Design shear reinforcement as fallows : Find shear to be resisted Vus Vus = Vu - c bd = ............ - ........... Vus = ......................N.
28
Exercise No. 1
Find shear resisted by bent up bars Vub Vub = 0.87 fy Asv. Sin 450 = 0.87 x ............x................sin 450 =....................... N
Contribution of bent up bars should not be greater Vus / 2 Shear to be resisted by stirrups Vus Vus = Vus - (Vub or Vus / 2 whichever is lesser) = - .. = Assuming mm two or . legged M.s. stirrups. Asv =2 x /4 x d2 = .=.. mm2
Spacing of stirrups Sv = = .. = .. mm Spacing should be less than . 1. 5. 6. as calculated = ..mm 0.75 d = 0.75 x . = .mm 450 mm.
Note : Draw the diagram showing the reinforcement details for the above beam on drawing sheet with the guidance of teacher.
29
Exercise No. 1
NOTE: 1. 2.
Assume C/S dimension of the column for the calculations of self weight. Design only one column from above.
Design constant a) Grade of concrete = .. b) Grade of steel = .. L = Unsupported length of the column in mm = mm Design load Pu = 1.5 x . = .. KN. Assume percentage of comp. steel between 0.8 to 6% of gross c/s area Assume Asc = %Ag = , Ac =%Ag
30
Exercise No. 1
b)
31
Exercise No. 1
Note : Draw the diagram showing the reinforcement details for the above column on drawing sheet with the guidance of teacher.
Find dimension of rectangular beam Mu lim = Mu Mu for Fe 250 steel for Fe 415 steel for Fe 500 steel
Assume b Mu
d2 d
= = ...............................mm Say mm
(Assume diameter of bar) Over all depth (D) = d+ + cover ( Assume 25 mm cover)
d = .........................mm :. b = ..........................mm
32
Exercise No. 1
Provide # mm bars
= .......................N/mm2 2. Find shear strength of concrete (c) With referring IS 456 - 2000 clause Pt Pt = = ...................... %
Compare a) b) a) if v < c if v > c When v < c Provide nominal shear reinforcement. Design shear reinforcement. Provide nominal shear reinforcement as fallows :
33
Exercise No. 1
Spacing should be less than . 1. 2. 3. as calculated = ..mm 0.75 d = 0.75 x . = .mm 450 mm.
Provide mm two legged M.S. stirrups @ mm c/c. b) when v > c Design shear reinforcement as fallows : Find shear to be resisted Vus Vus = Vu - c bd = ............ - ........... Vus = ......................N.
Find shear resisted by bent up bars Vub = 0.87 fy Asv. Sin 450 = 0.87 x ............x................sin 450 Vub =....................... N
Contribution of bent up bars should not be greater Vus / 2 Shear to be resisted by stirrups Vus Vus = Vus - (Vub or Vus / 2 whichever is lesser) = - .. = Assuming mm two or . legged M.s. stirrups. Asv =2 x /4 x d2 = .=.. mm2 Spacing of stirrups Sv
= .. = .. mm Spacing should be less than . 1. 2. 3. as calculated = ..mm 0.75 d = 0.75 x . = .mm 450 mm.
34
Exercise No. 1
Note : Draw the diagram showing the reinforcement details for the above beam on drawing sheet with the guidance of teacher.
17.1 Data :
Load from column = .kN.
Safe bearing capacity of soil = ..kN/m2 Design constant a) Grade of concrete = .. b) Grade of steel = ..
= = ..
=..
m2
35
Exercise No. 1
P = kN/m2 Permissible Shear strength of concrete : Nominal shear stress = v v = ks c where ks = 0.5 + c c = Ratio of short side to long side of the column ks = 0.5 + c = 0.5 + . = ks is limited to 1. c = 0.25 = .= .kN/m2
36
Exercise No. 1
b)
Find effective depth required Mu lim = Mxx = Myy Mulim = fck b d2 = = =.. mm
d c)
For = ..
No of Bar = N2 =
= =
Provide # mm bars
37
Exercise No. 1
= x . .=.. N Vc = Shear resisted by concrete = c bd =. = As shear reinforcement is not provided for isolated footing Vu = Vc . = . =
d = .mm b) Shear Two-way action The critical section is taken at a distance 0.5 d away from the face of column. ( Draw Fig.)
Shear force on shaded area in the fig = Vu Vu = Vc = Shear resisted by concrete = c bd =. = As shear reinforcement is not provided for isolated footing Vu = Vc . = . = . = . = . = . = d = .mm The greater value of d obtained from 3(a), 4(a) & 4(b) is .m Which is adopted as depth of the footing.
38
Exercise No. 1
from IS 456:2000 bd =
Ld
= . = mm
M0 M0 V0 L0
= 0.87 fy Ast ( d -
1.3
+ L0
= . = .mm
Ld
1.3
+ L0
hence o.k.
Note : Draw the diagram showing the reinforcement details for the above footing on drawing sheet with the guidance of teacher.
39
Exercise No. 1
What is meant by lifting of corners in case of two way slab? Why are stirrups provided in the beam? Explain diagrammatically failure of beam. State any two functions of bent up bars used in beam.
17.10 State any two remedial measures to be taken to correct the eccentric column. 17.11 How are number of bars reduced in the column for upper storey? 17.12 State any two cases of buckling of column. 17.13 On the site, how will you check the eccentricity of column?
40
Exercise No. 1
41
Exercise No. 1
42
Exercise No. 1
43