Presentation by:

Richard Young
Senior Engineer/Director of Education

The 6th Annual The Following background slides are from the UC, CSU, CCC Sustainability Conference: June 24-27th, 2007

Energy Efficient LEDs For Sustainable Solid-State Lighting

Slides are included in this presentation courtesy of:

Steve DenBaars
Solid State Lighting and Display Center Materials and ECE Departments University of California, Santa Barbara

What is a Blue LED?

L.E.D.= Light Emitting Diode

Blue LED

An LED produces light by combining positive and negative charges inside a Gallium nitride (GaN) crystal.

The Advantage of LED Lighting

Long life lifetimes can exceed 100,000 hours as compared to 1,000 hrs for tungsten bulbs. Robustness no moving parts no glass no filaments parts, glass, filaments. Size typical package is only 5 mm in diameter. Energy efficiency up to 90% less energy used translates into smaller power supply. Non-toxicity no mercury. Versatility available in a variety of colors; can be pulsed. Cool less heat radiation than HID or incandescent

Luminous Efficacy of Various Light Sources

Current number for GaN white LED at UCSB is i 116 lm/W ucsb chip l /W b hi 143 lm/W partner chip

LED

First white LEDs were only 5lm/W at 20mA (1995)

2006
Graph taken from www.lampteck.co.uk

3 Methods of Generating White LEDs

White Light White Light White Light

RGB Light

Blue GaN LED

Green, Red phosphors Blue Light

UV light

UV GaN LED Green GaN LED

Substrate

Blue GaN LED

Substrate

Red GaAs LED

Multi-Chip, RGB -best efficiency -highest cost

UV + Phosphors -best CRI, color -uniformity -low cost -improved reliability

Blue + Phosphors -lowest cost -30 lm/W ->90%market share

The Promise Energy Usage Comparison

LEDs Save 53Watts
60
Power Used (Watts)

50 40 30 20 10 0 Light Source 60W Bulb Compact Fluor. LED

Best White LED and Compact Fluorescent vs. 60Watt Light Bulb Comparison

Technical considerations
Heat sinks are critical! Power supplies are critical!
constant voltage and current

Expensive at the moment Costs are dropping Can be placed in unique locations Install for eventual relamping
non-permanent location

Lots of innovative products!

Exit signs auto/truck lights stop lights flashlights fl hli h signage - backlighting spot lights, floodlights, basic a lamps pendants, down-lights linear, string and cove lighting ambient, textural theatrical ambient textural, theatrical, ultraviolet parking lot, path lighting task (desktop) neon replacement case lighting and under-counter lighting

Practical applications

Promising applications for food service

R30 flood light 11 watt LED = 60 watt halogen cool or warm white and CRI = 80 $120

R16 flood light 4.8 watt LED = 20 watt halogen cool or warm white and CRI = 80 $50

LED Decorative ($180)

LED fixture = 2 watts

www.everlumelighting.com

incandescent fixture = 40 watts mini - CFL fixture = 9 watts

LED Downlight ($210)

source: www.everlumelighting.com

Neon replacement and Signage Specialty applications Decorative lighting

LED Cove Lighting Modules ($150)

2 lamps = 1 watt each unit requires transformer i t f fits into flexible track sockets

source: www.everlumelighting.com

source: www.lighting.philips.com

Basic retrofit application: LED lamps in existing EXIT signs.

The new standard: LED Exit signs

$50/year savings new sign cost $30 no relamping = reduced maintenance costs no burnouts = increased safety less than 5 watts per sign.

LED Candle

Norex enterprises

Korean Store wrapped in LEDs

source: www.xilver.nl

Future SSL Displays Pocket Projector/Cell Phone

Prototype from Novalux using frequency double lasers