Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ho paura che la Francia ci scippi il corridoio per lEuropa. Sarebbe un vero disastro, perch unopera indispensabile per leconomia di tutto il Nord Italia. Se possibile, ancora pi urgente della Torino-Lione [].
Assessore ai Trasporti del Piemonte, parlando del Terzo Valico. La Stampa, 7 settembre 2009.
contents
Competition between countries? What is a corridor?
Ho paura che la Francia ci scippi il corridoio per lEuropa. Sarebbe un vero disastro, perch unopera indispensabile per leconomia di tutto il Nord Italia. Se possibile, ancora pi urgente della Torino-Lione [].
Assessore ai Trasporti del Piemonte, parlando del Terzo Valico. La Stampa, 7 settembre 2009.
Pillars and context of EU transport policy Context 1. Infrastructures and corridors 2. Liberalisation Comments: a partial failure. Why?
09/11/2010
09/11/2010
Source: elaboration of Turr (1999); European Commission (2004); European Commission (2007).
Course of Integrazione europea e politiche urbane. Milan, November 10th 2010.
09/11/2010
contents
Pillars and context of EU transport policy Context 1. Infrastructures and corridors 2. Liberalisation Comments: a partial failure. Why?
Car remains the dominant mode. Buses are relevant, even more than rail transport.
M pkm
800.000 700.000 600.000 500.000 400.000 300.000 200.000
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
09/11/2010
Source: TEN-CONNECT
Source: TEN-CONNECT
Source: TEN-CONNECT
09/11/2010
Source: TEN-CONNECT
09/11/2010
contents
09/11/2010
Siemens E189 Works with: 3 kV c.c. (I, NL, POL) 15 kV / 16,7 Hz c.a. (D, CH, A) 25 kV / 50 Hz c.a. (F, high speed standard)
Fonte: www.bueker.net/trainspotting
ETCS
European Train Control System
GSM-R
New communication protocol (voice and data)
09/11/2010
Then, at a certain point, the corridor became a synonym of (big) infrastructure see conclusions!
Source: European Commission (2005).
Course of Integrazione europea e politiche urbane. Milan, November 10th 2010. Course of Integrazione europea e politiche urbane. Milan, November 10th 2010.
09/11/2010
contents
Pillars and context of EU transport policy Context 1. Infrastructures and corridors 2. Liberalisation Comments: a partial failure. Why?
It starts from the concepts of regulation: state provision of services is usually inefficient. Market can promote efficiency; natural monopolies (like infrastructures) must be regulated in order not to become monopolies de facto and exploit market power; infrastructures and monopolies in general can be use to prevent market entry. Conditions must be ensured to promote competition; the potential role of private capitals to finance infrastructures must be regulated.
10
09/11/2010
monopoly (statutory) Only one provider per country for freight and pax services
11
09/11/2010
8 - cabotage
Air transport
5
A B
6
A B
Airports
C
12
09/11/2010
Bilateral agreements or open skies on extra-EEA routes Public service obligations on specific routes (reg. 2408/92)
Air transport
Slot allocation according to grandfather rights principle (reg. 04/793)
Airports
Competition in the market for handling service (dir CE 96/67)
Course of Integrazione europea e politiche urbane. Milan, November 10th 2010.
contents
1 2
3 4 5
13
09/11/2010
Theoretical fuel savings: approx 15%. Real fuel savings expected: approx 5-10%
Infrastructural policy
Social marginal cost pricing Infrastructures and development
Environmental policy
Polluters pay principle
Liberalisation policy
Reduction of welfare losses
Efficiency
Pricing policy
Efficiency
Non-discriminatory pricing
14
09/11/2010
Infrastructure planning policy is not touching the delicate domestic equilibriums among operators and stakeholders!
Course of Integrazione europea e politiche urbane. Milan, November 10th 2010. Course of Integrazione europea e politiche urbane. Milan, November 10th 2010.
On the basis of the accessibility, some regions claim to have an accessibility gap and require more infrastructures. Is the accessibility gap something real? What is the right stock of infrastructures????
Course of Integrazione europea e politiche urbane. Milan, November 10th 2010.
15
09/11/2010
Liberalisation, especially in rail sector, found strong opposition by states under the pressure of national (rail) agencies. But in air market had extraordinary success and impacts.
16
09/11/2010
paolo.beria@polimi.it
17