PHYSICS SSSP Topic: E-Field Name: Class: Date: Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper and

hand up to your subject tutor on the following Monday 1 (a) Define Electric Potential. [2] (b) A radioactive nucleus emits a 6.5 MeV alpha particle. The particle then races toward a pair of charged plates that are 3 cm apart, as shown in Figure 1.1. +65 V

3.0 cm

25 V Figure 1.1 (i) Calculate the speed of the alpha particle. [2] (ii) In Figure 3.2, draw the electric field lines and the subsequent path of the alpha particle as it enters the region between the two plates. [2] +65 V

3.0 cm

25 V

Figure 3.2 (iii) Calculate the force on the alpha particle. (Hint: The alpha particle has 2 protons and 2 neutrons.) [3] (iv) Given that the alpha particle travels between the plates for 5 seconds, determine the change in momentum of the alpha particle, caused by the electric field. [1] 2009/CJC/Prelim/P2/3

In an electron microscope, an electron lens has two cylinders which are at potentials of +500 V and -100 V respectively. An electron beam passes at high speed into the lens from the top. A cross-section of the two cylinders is shown in full scale in Figure. 4.1. The dotted lines are equipotential lines.
Path travelled by electrons X +100 V +200 V +400 V +400 V

+500 V +300 V

+500 V

+300 V +200 V +100 V

-100 V 0V Z

-100 V

Figure 4.1 Equipotential lines drawn to scale (a) Find the loss in kinetic energy of an electron moving from X to Z. (b) (i) (ii) (c) Estimate the electric field strength at Y. Indicate the direction of the electric field strength at Y in Figure 4.1. [2] [2] [1]

Hence, determine the magnitude and direction of the electric force on an [2] electron at Y. 2009/HCI/P2/4

(a)

Define Electric potential.

[1]

(b) Figure 1.1 below shows equi-potential lines around a conducting sphere of radius 20 mm, which is charged to a potential of 8000 V. The lines are shown every 1000 V above 2000 V and every 100 V below 2000 V. The sphere is very far from other objects.
1900 V 1800 V 3000 V 4000 V 5000 V 6000 V 7000 V 8000 V 2000 V 1700 V 1600 V

1500 V

128 mm 120 mm 20 mm A C D E

Figure 1.1 (i) (ii)

(Not drawn to scale) [1] [2] [2] [1]

Is the charge on the sphere positive or negative? How much energy is required to move a 6.0 nC charge from B to A?

(iii) How much energy is required to move a 4.0 nC charge from B to C? (iv) Calculate the potential difference between D and E. (v)

Hence or otherwise, estimate the average force acting on a 1.0 nC [3] charge to move it from E to D. 2006/YJC/JC2/T2Block/P2/1

4 (a) (b)

Define electric field strength and state an SI unit of electric field strength. Three identical charges of 5.0 C each are placed along the circumference of a circle of radius 2.0 cm at angles as shown in the diagram below. 5.0 C 120
o

[2]

5.0 C

120 o 2.0 cm 5.0 C (i) 1. 2. (ii) Calculate the magnitude of the electric field at the centre of the circle [2] due to the presence of ONE 5.0 C charge.

Hence or otherwise, state the resultant electric field at the centre of [1] the circle due to the three charges. Calculate the work done needed to bring a + 5.0 C charge from infinity to [3] the centre of the circle.

(c)

Sketch the electric field pattern due to all the four point charges in the [2] given space below.

5.0 C

5.0 C

+ 5.0 C

5.0 C

2006/YJC/JC2/T1Block/P2/6

5(ai) Define (1) electric field strength (2) electric potential (aii) Distinguish between electric potential and electric potential energy. (aiii) State how electric field strength at a point may be determined from a graph of [7] the variation of electric potential with distance from the point. (b) Two small point charges +Q1 and +Q2 are placed at X and Y respectively and are separated by a distance of 0.72 nm. Q1 has a charge of +3.2x10-19 C and Q2 has a charge of +1.6x10-19 C. X Q1 0.72 nm Y Q2

(i) What is the magnitude and direction of the electric field strength which Q1 causes at Y. (ii) What is the force which Q1 causes on Q2? (iii) What is the magnitude and direction of the electric field strength at the P, mid point of the line joining X and Y? (iv) A third charge Q3 placed at P experiences a force of 1.78 nN towards X , find Q3. (v) What is the work done by the electric field when Q3 move from a region where [13] the potential is zero to point P? 2003/YJC/Prelim/P3/4

A positively charged oil drop, of mass 5.0 x 10-15 kg, remains stationary when placed in between two parallel horizontal metal plates. These two plates are placed 25 mm apart and a p.d. of 1000 V is applied between them.
Metal plate A

Metal plate B Positively charged oil drop

(a) (b)

Calculate the electric field between the two metal plates.

[1]

Draw the free body diagram of the oil drop and indicate all the forces acting on the oil drop. Ignore upthrust due to air. [1]

(c) (d) (e)

Calculate the amount of charges on the oil drop. State and explain which metal plate is at a higher potential.

[2] [1]

Discuss qualitatively the motion of the oil drop after the parallel plates have been rotated 90 clockwise such that the plates are now vertical, as shown in the diagram below. [2]
Metal plate B Metal plate A

Positively charged oil drop

7 Fig. 7.1 shows part of a linear accelerator, which accelerates ions along the axis of a line of hollow cylindrical electrodes (A-D). Alternate electrodes are connected together and an alternating voltage is applied to them such that the ions are accelerated by the electric field in between each adjacent pair of electrodes.

Fig 7.1

Positive ions are accelerated in the following sequence: Step 1 The positive ion accelerates across gap 1 in a very short time when the voltage is at a peak. Electrode B is negative with respect to electrode A as shown in fig 7.2.

+
gap 1

gap 2

+
gap 3

Fig 7.2 Step 2 The ion moves at constant speed in electrode B for nearly half a period of the alternating voltage. The polarity of the electrode reverses whilst the ion is inside B. Step 3 The positive ion emerges from B and accelerates across gap 2 because electrode C is now negative with respect to B as shown in fig 7.3.

gap 1

+
gap 2

gap 3

Fig 7.3 The ions travels with a uniform speed whilst they are inside the cylindrical electrodes. The following data relates to an experiment using mercury ions (Hg+): Accelerating voltage between adjacent pairs of electrodes Frequency of the alternating voltage Charge on a mercury ion Mass of mercury ion (i) = 71 kV = 4.0 MHz = 1.610-19 C = 3.3510-25 kg

Show that each mercury ion gains kinetic energy of approximately 1.110-14 J as it accelerates between a pair of electrodes. (ii) Ions are injected into electrode A with an initial velocity of 2.1105 m s-1. Show that the velocity of a mercury ion as it enters electrode B is about 3.3105 m s-1. (iii) At each gap, ions are accelerated for a time equivalent to 5% of the alternating voltage period. Calculate the force on a mercury ion as it accelerates in gap 1. (iv) Calculate the electric field strength across gap 1. Assume that the electric field is uniform whilst the ion is accelerating. (v) Without making further calculations, sketch a graph to show how the speed of the ion varies along its path. 2008/CJC/Prelim//P3/7a(part)