COMPOSITION Lecithin (eqi to 50% essential Phospholipids) . 300 mg Vitamin A .. ..1500 i.u. Vitamin D .. .100 i.u.

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) .. 50.0 mg Vitamin E Acetate .. ..15.0 mg Vitamin B1 (Thiamine Mononitrate) . . .1.0mg Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) .. . .1.5mg Vitamin B3 (Nicotinamide) ... 10.0mg Vitamin B5 (Calcium Pantothenate) .. ..5.0 mg Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride) ... ..1.0 mg Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) 2.0 mcg Folic Acid .. 0.4 mg Magnesium (as Magnesium Sulphate Monohydrate) .3.0 mg Potassium (as Potassium Sulphate) . 2.0 mg Zinc (as Zinc Oxide) . .15.0 mg Selenium (as Selenium Dioxide) . ..50 mcg Copper (as Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate) . .1.5 mg

INTRODUCTION Lecithin is a type of lipid or fat found in every cell: it supplies the body with choline, a B-vitamin essential for liver and brain function. Lecithin is essential to every cell in the body and has a protective effect on cell membranes, which are largely composed of lecithin. Primarily, lecithin's known for its potential as a powerful promoter of cognitive functioning because it plays such a key role in acetylcholine production. Acetylcholine is a vital brain chemical (neurotransmitter) needed for normal brain function. Lecithin is also often recommended for a wide variety of liver disorders because of its detoxification properties. Phospholipids are also concentrated in other vital organs, such as the liver, as well as in muscles. As a result, lecithin is helpful in many liver disorders, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, and drug toxicity, and it's heavily used in Europe for these purposes. It works by speeding the flow of fats and cholesterol through the liver, preventing the buildup of fats, and helping it eliminate toxins. Without lecithin, fats would become trapped in the liver, where they would impair metabolism. On a related note, lecithin is also an important part of fat-digesting bile. Thus, when people lack enough lecithin, they're more prone to gallstones. Choline supports the movement of fats in and out of cells and is linked to phosphocreatine levels. Lecithin aids the absorption of fatsoluble vitamins, such as Vitamins A, D, E, and K.

In the present combination, all the ingredients are synergistically working in various chronic liver disorders like chronic hepatitis, Chronic alcoholic liver damage, Fatty Liver(steatosis), Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, Liver cirrhosis, micronutrient deficiency etc. Recommended dosage: For liver disease, a typical dose is 300 to 500 mg taken three times daily. Conclusion: Lecithin 300mg, instead of 600mg, is well tolerable and within therapeutic range for treating various chronic liver disorders. Various brands (as given below) are available worldwide in which lecithin 300mg with other vitamins has been successfully used in problems with digestion, liver and gallbladder diseases and as liver protection from various toxic substances. For correcting liver disorders, typical dose of 300mg lecithin is therapeutically effective and along with multivitamins, will correct metabolic disorders related to liver.

PRODUCT-1 Indication: Liver protection and regeneration, organism detoxification. Manufacturer Vital Health Foods Ltd., Cape Town, South Africa, www.vital.co.za Composition Extract of the seeds of Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) 250 mg, Lecithin 300 mg, B1 vitamin 6 mg, B2 vitamin 10 mg, B6 vitamin 8.2 mg, E vitamin 10 mg, Beta carotene 3.6 mg in one capsule. Description Natrodale Milk Thistle contains extract of the seeds of Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum). For years Milk Thistle is used successfully in problems with digestion, liver and gallbladder diseases and as liver protection from various toxic substances. Milk Thistle regenerates and protects liver after liver diseases, in liver deterioration by alcohol, and it is suitable for supporting therapy in pancreas diseases. Lecithin helps its better absorption. B group vitamins have positive effect on the right gallbladder function and bile release in the digestion process. Natrodale Milk Thistle is a perfect detoxification preparation, which is suitable after consumption of a larger amount of alcohol, greasy food and in long-term use of medicaments. Recommended dosage: 1 capsule daily after supper. The product is not intended

for children under 12 years of age. It contains bee wax and soya lecithin.

PRODUCT-2

LETROSIL
Contents - Soy lecithin 300 mg, curcumin 7 mg, silymarin 35 mg, vit E (dl- tocopherol) 10 mg Indications-To maintain healthy liver function. Dosage-1 cap 3 times daily. Manufacturer -Tropica Mas Pharma Administration-Should be taken with food (Take after meals.). Special Precautions-Monitor SGOT & SGPT in long-term use. MIMS Class-Cholagogues, Cholelitholytics & Hepatic Protectors ATC Classification-A05BA - Liver therapy ;

PRODUCT-3 HEPACHOL Manufacturer Landson Contents-Lecithin 300 mg, vit B1 6 mg, vit B2 6 mg, vit B6 6 mg, vit B12 12 mcg, nicotinamide 30 mg, vit E 10 mg, folic acid 400 mcg, selenium 15 mcg, Zn 5 mg Indications-Supplement for supporting liver function. Dosage-1 cap 3 times daily. Administration-Should be taken with food MIMS Class-Cholagogues, Cholelitholytics & Hepatic Protectors ATC Classification-A11JB - Vitamins with minerals ; Used as dietary supplements.

PRODUCT-4 REZALYUT Pro (RESALUT Pro) Representation: BERLIN-HEMI/MENARINI Pharma GmbH ATX code: A05BA The owner of the registration certificate: BERLIN-CHEMIE/MENARINI PHARMA, GmbH produced by R. P. SCHERER, GmbH & Co. KG Tocopherol + Soya-Bean Oil Capsules gelatinous, transparent, colorless, elongated shape the content of capsules - a viscous liquid, golden-yellow to yellow-brown color. 1 capsule. Lipoid PPL 600 600 mg consisting of:
polyunsaturated phospholipids from soybean lecithin .300 mg Glycerol mono / dialkonat (C14-C18) ..120mg medium-chain triglycerides .40.5mg Soybean oil refined ..138.5mg -tocopherol 1.0mg Other ingredients: Soybean oil refined.

PRODUCT-5

PRODUCT-6

Lecithin 300mg (4gr) 250 softgels - By Solgar

PRODUCT-7

Description/Specification Lecithin Capsule Livothin Category : Dietary Supplement Each : Capsules Contains Lecithin USNF 350 mg Soya Lecithin consists of three types of phospholipids; phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphotidylinositol Packing : 3 x 10 Blister

CLINICAL STUDIES Lecithin increases plasma free choline and decreases hepatic steatosis in long-term total parenteral nutrition patients. Buchman AL, Dubin M, Jenden D, Moukarzel A, Roch MH, Rice K, Gornbein J, Ament ME, Eckhert CD. Source Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UCLA Medical Center. Abstract Plasma-free choline levels have previously been found below normal in patients receiving long term parenteral nutrition (TPN). In a group of 15 patients receiving home TPN who had low plasma free choline levels (6.3 +/- 0.8 mmol/L), we found 50% had hepatic steatosis. These patients were given oral lecithin or placebo in a double-blind randomized trial for 6 weeks. Lecithin supplementation led to an increase in plasma free choline of 53.4% +/- 15.4% at 2 weeks (P = 0.04), which continued at 6 weeks. The placebo group had no change in plasma-free choline at 2 weeks, but a significant decrease of 25.4% +/- 7.1% (P = 0.01) at 6 weeks. A significant and progressive decrease in hepatic fat was indicated by increased liver-spleen CT Hounsfield units at 2 and 6 weeks (7.5 +/- 1.7 units, P = 0.02; 13.8 +/- 3.5 units, P = 0.03) in the

lecithin supplemental group. Nonsignificant changes were seen in the placebo group. It was concluded that hepatic steatosis in many patients receiving long term TPN is caused by plasmafree choline deficiency and may be reversed with lecithin supplementation. Choline is a conditionally essential nutrient in this population. PMID:1551541 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Journal

of

biochemical

and

molecular

toxicology.

[J

Biochem

Mol

Toxicol]

Effect of lecithin with vitamin-B complex and tocopheryl acetate on long-term effect of ethanol induced immunomodulatory activities. Das SK, Gupta G, Rao DN, Vasudevan DM Indian J Exp Biol 2007 Aug; 45(8):683-8. The alcoholic liver disease usually causes overall immunological alterations which might be attributed to hepatic disease, to ethanol action, and/or to malnourishment. In the present study, efficacy of lecithin with vitamin-B complex to treat ethanol induced immunomodulatory activity was compared with the effect of lecithin alone and tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E). Ethanol (1.6 g/kg body wt/day for 12 weeks) exposure increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) level, while decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) content in whole blood hemolysate of 8-10 week-old male BALB/c mice (weighing 20-30 g). The activities of transaminase (AST and ALT) enzymes, interleukin (IL)-10 and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) elevated, while IL-2 and IL-4 reduced in mice serum due to ethanol exposure. These suggested that oxidative stress and immunomodulatory activities were interdependent and associated with ethanol induced liver damage. Lecithin treatment significantly reduced AST (32.44%), ALT (32.09%), IL-10 (25.63%) activities and TBARS content (12.76%) compared to ethanol treated group. However, lecithin with vitamin-B complex treatment, significantly reduced AST (62.83%); ALT (61.96%); IL-10 (35.88%); IFN-gamma (22.55%) activities and TBARS content (31.58%), while significantly elevated GSH content (36.49%) and SOD activity (61.21%). Tocopheryl acetate treatment significantly reduced AST (62.83%); ALT (61.54%); IL10 (36.35%): IFN-gamma (23.28%) activities and TBARS content (35.84%). while significantly elevated GSH content (28.76%) and SOD activity (62.42%) compared to ethanol treated group. These findings persuasively argued that lecithin with vitamin-B complex was a new promising therapeutic approach in controlling ethanol induced immunomodulatory activities involving liver damage processes. Prevention of oxidative stress with correction of nutritional deficiency caused alteration in the ethanol-induced immunomodulatory activities and associated liver diseases.

Indian

journal

of

experimental

biology

[Indian

Exp

Biol]

--------------------------Modulation of lecithin activity by vitamin-B complex to treat long term consumption of ethanol induced oxidative stress in liver. Das SK, Vasudevan DM Indian J Exp Biol 2006 Oct; 44(10):791-801. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) develops as a consequence of priming and sensitizing mechanisms rendered by cross-interactions of primary mechanistic factors and secondary risk factors. Chronic alcohol abuse and its progression to ALD are associated with abnormal metabolism and low tissue or plasma levels, or both, of many micronutrients. Glutathione depletion is considered the most important sensitizing mechanism. In the present study efficacy of lecithin with vitamin-B complex to treat ethanol induced oxidative stress was compared with the effect of lecithin alone, tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E), as well as capacity of hepatic regeneration during abstention. Ethanol (1.6g / kg body weight/ day for 4 weeks) affects body weight in 16-18 week old male albino rats of Wistar strain weighing 200-220 g. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance level, nitrite content, protein carbonyl group level, redox ratio (oxidized to reduced glutathione ratio), superoxide dismutase activity, and glutathione s-transferase activity significantly increased on ethanol exposure. Whereas reduced glutathione content, and activities of catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase significantly reduced due to ethanol exposure. These changes were reversed by different treatment. The results suggest that tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E) could partially reverse these changes and act as a potential therapeutic agent. However, lecithin with vitamin-B complex treatment is a promising therapeutic approach. Furthermore, preventive measures were more effective than curative treatment. Prevention of oxidative and nitrosative stress along with correction of nutritional deficiency is one of the proposed mechanisms for the therapeutic approach. Indian journal of experimental biology [Indian J Exp Biol]