PRINCIPLES

OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

EEE351

OBJECTIVE TYPE (MCQS)

BY : SHAHZAD JAMIL

CHAPTER # 01 INTRODUCTION
1. Electrical communication systems can transmit signals over much longer distances at the speed of . ? a)Sound a)Channel a)Amplifier a)Channel a)Convey b) 138km/h b) Input Transducer b) Filter b) Transducer b) Attenuates C) Light c) Transmitter c) Inverter c) Converter c) Both a & b 2. Non-electric data is converted into electric waveform by an ? 3. A channel is a physical medium that behaves partly like a ? 4. Distortion in transmitted signal is made by ? 5. Channel generally . the signal? 6. Distortion can be partly corrected at the ; by complementary characteristics, to those of the channel. a)Receiver b) Output Transducer c) Destination

7. . Noise can be minimized or even eliminated in some cases? a)External a)Electric a)Morse-coded a)100% accurate b) Internal b) Digital b) Binary b) Possible c) Both a & b c) Analog c) M-ary c) Useful 8. Human speech is a .. message? 9. A digital message constructed with M-symbols is called . Message? 10. A/D conversion can never be .. ? 11. Receiver must extract the message from the channel; message extraction is much often easier from .. signals? a)Analog b) Baseband c) Digital 12. For signals having high SNR (signal-to-noise ratio), the probability of error at the receiver is .? b) 13. Rate and quality in a digital communication system is controlled by the fundamental parameters; channel bandwidth B & the signals? a)Energy b) Power c) Frequency 14. A signal can be successfully sent over a channel, if the channel bandwidth is the signal bandwidth. a)> b) < c) = 15. The rate of information transmission that a channel can successfully carry is . Proportional to B? a)Inversely a)Low pass b) Directly b) High pass c) Exponentially c) Band pass 16. Base band signals are typically in nature? 17. Channels can not be moved when signal & channel frequency band do exactly ? a)Match b) Not match c) convolution carrier signal which is 18. In modulation the baseband signal is used to modify by a in nature ? a)Exponential a)Filter a)BM b) PM b) Ramp b) Amplifier c) RF

c) Sinusoidal c) Both a & b

19. The first stage of a demodulator typically requires a tunable bandpass ..? 20. Three basic modulation schemes are FM, AM and ?

CHAPTER # 02 SIGNALS & SIGNAL SPACE

21. Signals are set of information or data & are functions of the independent variable ? a)Space b) Time c) Distance 22. Signal amplitude must 0 as |t| is a necessary condition for the finite signals ? a)Power a)Ramp 24. Power exists for signals? a)Periodic decreasing b) Exponentially increasing c) Exponentially b) Energy b) unit step c) size c) Dirac delta 23. .. signal neither have energy nor the power?

25. Sinusoidal signals of amplitude C has a power ; regardless of its frequency & its phase? a) C a)+ a)- a)Power 29. Range of impulse function is .? a)Undefined a)Weak Intermediate a)-1 32. Signals are processed by? a)Systems a)Energy b) Scientists b) Power c) Channels c) both a & b 33. Size of signal means, studying about its? 34. The term continuous & discrete are related with? b) 0 b) Defined b) Strong c) 1 c) 30. There is a .. connection between signals & vectors? b) C/2 b) = b) 0 b) Ramp c) C/2 c) c) c) Energy 26. Let we have two sinusoid signals g(t) & g(t), then power of g(t) + g(t) is p p ? 27. Periodic signals by definition must start from .. & continue forever. 28. Every signal observed in real life is an .. signal?

31. If two vectors are orthogonal ,the similarity is ? c) 1

a)Amplitude a)1

b) Phase b) 2 c) 3/2

c) Time

35. A periodic signal remains unchanged, when time shifted by . Period? 36. A signal whose physical description is known completely in either mathematical or graphical form is a.. signal. a)Finite a)Random a)Convolution a)Zero a)Zero b) Random b) Deterministic b) Inversion b) T b) 1 c) Deterministic c) Power c) Multiplication c) T c) -1 37. Most of the noise signals encountered in practice are . Signals. 38. Three useful & common signal operations are shifting, scaling & ? 39. (t-T) = zero, every where except at t=? 40. To minimum Ee a necessary condition is dEe/dc equals to?

CHAPTER # 03 AN ALYSIS & TRANSMISSION OF SIGNALS

41. We instinctively think of signals in term of their frequency spectra & systems in term of their response? a) Output a)20Hz a) Odd a) Complex a) 1 b) Input b) 20KHz b) Even b) Even b) aj/t c) c) Frequency c) 20MHz c) Complex c) Odd 42. Frequency of a good quality loudspeaker is up to? 43. For any real g (t), the amplitude spectrum |G(f)| is an .. Function of f? 44. For any real g(t), the phase spectrum g(f) is an .. function of f? 45. |e^jat| = ? For a>0 46. Linear combination of signals in the time domain corresponds to .. Combinations of their fourier transform in the frequency domain. a)Linear b) Non-linear c) Non 47. Fourier representation is a way of expressing a signal in terms of everlasting . Or exponentials? a)Sinusoids b) Saw tooth c) Discrete

48. Notation for a triangular pulse of unit height & width centered at the origin is? a)(x) a) Even b) g(t) b) Odd c) (x) c) Non of both 49. Sinc(x) is an function of x? 50. Sinc(x) is an even oscillatory function with .. Amplitude? a)Decreasing b) Increasing c) Constant 51. 1 for t>0; 0 for t=0; & -1 for t<0; this property holds for .. functions? a)U(t) a)Narrower a) Phase b) (t) b) Wider c) Sgn(t) c) Zero 52. For any signal; if g(t) is wider ,its spectrum is ..? 53. For g(t-); does not change its .. Spectrum? b) Amplitude c) Frequency 54. Transmission is said to be distortion less if the input & output have the identical wave shape within a . Constant? a)Multiplicative a) |g(t)| a)1 b)1/2 b) ive b) g(t) c)1/2 c) Unity c) g(t) 55. The energy Eg of a signal g(t) is defined as the area under ? 56. Energy of modulated signal E=Eg(input signal)?

CHAPTER # 04 AMPLITUDE MODULATION & DEMODULATION

57. Modulation . Be analog or digital? A)can A)carrier A)low frequency a)non-linear a)2B b)cannt b)baseband c)none of these c)analog c)moderate frequency 58. Communication using modulation is known as Communication. 59. Signals having . Cannot be transmitted over radio (wireless link). b)high frequency C)linear c)B/2 60. Amplitude modulation is . ? b)use-less B)2/B 61. If bandwidth of m(t) is 1/B Hz, then bandwidth of modulated signal is? 62. If B is bandwidth of baseband signal & c is the frequency of carrier then relation b/w B & c to avoid overlapping is ?

A) c>=B i..Local carrier ii ? a)HPF a)m(t) b)BPF

b) c<B

c) cB

63. Demodulation of DSB-SC requires two things

C)LPF c)ramp

64. Modulation is referred to as tone modulation when baseband signal is? B)pure sinusoid 65. If cos(c)t is carrier; then the modulated signal is passed through bandpass filter tuned to..? a) a)easy a)1 B) c b)optional b)many c) (c)t C)not easy C)every 66. Achieving synchronous carrier signal, at demodulation is .. ? 67. In point-to-point communication, there is one transmitter for receiver? 68. The spectrum of AM trans mitted signal is same as that of DSB-SC transmitted signal, except for two additional impulses at? a)+ c A)+ive b)-ive b)- c c)zero C)both a & b 69. In amplitude modulation A is always chosen to be ? 70. In amplitude modulation A is large enough to ensure that .. A)A+m(t)>=0 b) A+m(t)>= -1 c) A+m(t)<0 71. Envelope detection is an extremely simple & inexpensive operation a)incomplete information A)0<=<=1 a) <1 b)0< <1 b) <0 C) >1 B)capacitor discharging B)usb & lsb b) /3 c)RC>>1/c c)vsb & ssb c) /4 b)false C)true c)0<= < 72. For envelope detection to be distortionless A>=mp & value of modulation index is 73. For overmodulation, envelop detection fails; here A<Mp & modulation index has value? 74. In envelope detection of AM, ripples are caused due to..? a)capacitor charging a)ssb &usb A)/2 75. DSB spectrum has two sidebands; these are? 76. The Hilbert transform delays the phase of each spectral component by factor?

77. The phase shift method; selective-filtering method & weavers method are used to generate .. signals. a)DSB A)A>=|m(t)| a) A>=|m(t)| a)signals bandwidth a)USB & SSB A)25-33% b)VSB b) A<|m(t)| b) A<|m(t)| b)channels bandwidth B)SSB & DSB b)24-33% C)SSB c)A=10 C) A>>|m(t)| C)colors c)LSB & SSB c)25-34% 78. In AM, envelope detection requires the condition? 79. In SSB+C, envelope detection requires the condition? 80. Chrominance signals, carry information about? 81. VSB modulation system inherits the advantages of? 82. The bandwidth of the VSB signal is typically.. Higher than that of the SSB signals.

83. In any of the DSB, VSB & SSB modulation scheme; modulated signal should be pass through .. filter before transmission. a)band-stop B)band-pass c)low-pass 84. The . Is a very important device typically used to track the phase and the frequency of the carrier component of an incoming signal. a)Envelope detector a)Carrier b)frequency mixer b)Message signal C)Phase-locked loop C)none of both 85. Frequency of voltage-controlled oscillator(VCO) can be linearly controlled by ? 86. In PLL, when phase error maintains a constant value; frequency of PLL..the incoming frequency o . A)= b)< c)>

CHAPTER # 05 ANGLE MODULATION & DEMODULATION

87. Noise power is proportional to the modulated signals .? A)Band-width a)Power A)2K mp b)Amplitude b)Amplitude b)k mp c)Phase C)Band-width c)2 mp 88. Efforts were focused on finding a modulation scheme that would reduce the? 89. For peak value of m(t)=mp ;band-width of FM signal is?

90. FM carrier frequency is given as (t)=c+km(t);it was believed that for small value of k, small bandwidth can be achieved. The experimental result .. the concept. a)Support A)>= b)Explains b)< C)Fails c)= 91. The FM band-width; as it turned out, is always . then the AM bandwidth?

92. In FM i is varied linearly with the modulating signal while in AM i is varied linearly with the . Of the modulating signal. A)Derivative a)AM A)FM a)A/2 A)True a)Infinite A)Narrowband a)B/2 A)/2 a)False b)B b) B)True b)square b)PM b)AM b)A b)False b)2B b)Wideband C)2B c)-/2 C)Finite c)Fixed band c)Integration C)FM c)Wrong information C)B/2 93. Historically, the angle modulation concept began with.? 94. For most practical signals; PM is superior to? 95. The power of an angle-modulated wave (PM or FM); having amplitude B is always? 96. Band limited signals cant have jump discontinuities 97. In most of the modulated signal, power resides in a .. bandwidth? 98. The FM signal for the case of |kf a(t)| << 1 is called .. FM? 99. NBPM also has the approximated bandwidth of 100. The side spectrum for FM has a phase shift of . With respect to the carrier? 101. The side spectrum for AM is in phase with the carrier

CHAPTER # 6 SAMPLING AND ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERSION

102. Analog signals can be digitized through sampling & ? a)Modulation b)Scaling C)Quantization 103. In the A\D converter, the sampling rate must be .. to reconstructed the analog signal with sufficient accuracy.

a)Equal a)G(f)=0 B)G(f)=0 c)G(f)0 a)3

B)Large Enough for |f|<B for |f|>B for |f|>B b)4

c)Small Enough

104. If spectrum of g(t) is band limited to B Hz then..?

105. The minimum sampling frequency for perfect signal recovery is f S =.B Hz. C)(4)1/2 106. Relationship between the sampled signal g(t) & the original analog signal g(t) is ..? a)g(t)= g(t) Ts (t) B) g(t)=g(t) Ts (t) c) g(t)=[1/g(t)] Ts (t) 107. g(t) can be recovered from its samples, by passing the sampled signal through an ideal ? A) LPF of Bw =B Hz b) LPF of Bw =2B Hz c) LPF of Bw =0.5B Hz 108. Minimum sampling rate fs =2B; required to recover g(t) from its samples g(t) is called the Nyquist rate for g(t)? a)True B)False 109. The process of reconstructing a continuous time signal g(t) from its samples is also known as a)Demodulation 110. 2BTS=.? a)sin() a)Causal 112. A) Equalizers b) PLL 113. g(t) is ful having transfer function E(f) such that a)0 for |f|>fS-B b)TS for |f|>fS<B C) Both a & b d) Neither a nor b B)=1 B)Non-causal c)-1 c)Stable .? equalizer c) Amplifiers (t) by passing it through E(f).P(f)=..? B)interpolation c)Nyquist Samples

111. Ideal low pass filter is . & unrealizable. (t) by passing it through

114. The equalizer filter E(f) must be low pass in nature to stop all above ..? A) fS-B b) fS+B c) B-fS

frequency

content

115. In signal reconstruction, very little distortion remains when very short are used? a)Sinc B)Rectangular c)Delta 116. In practice; signal is sampled above Nyquist rate because ideal lowunrealizable A) True a)Can 118. All practicle signals are .? a)Time-limited b)Non-band limited C)Both a & b b)False b)Will C)Cannot 117. A time limited signal . Be band limited?

Pulses

pass filter is

119. We can . Several pulse modulated signals on the same channel by interweaving them. a)Receive B)Transmit c)Not transmit c) Noise
?

120. We can multiplex several signals on the same channel by reducing ? A) Pulse width b) Amplitude 121. PCM system diagram
LPF i. Sampler

Bit-encoder c)Demodulator c) DVD

a)BPF A) CD

B)Quantizer b) VCD

122. Most recent application of PCM.? 123. Digital messages can be transmitted over longer distances with greater reliability; by the use of ..? a) Quantizers b) Bit-encoder C) Repeater 124. In quantizing there are two sources of error; quantization and pulse detection; in practical schemes error can be ignored. a) Quantization a) +V/2 A) Smaller B) Pulse detection b) - V/2 b) Larger C) (+/-)V/2 125. Maximum quantization error is? 126. Statistically it is found that amplitudes predominate in speech?

THE END