WOMEN AND DEVELOPMENT: If a nation has to grow and develop its women must rise to the occasion.

But if they have been socialized in such a fashion that submission, lack of submission, lack of initiative, dependency, reliance on others (males) (first father/brother, then husband, then son), selfnegation and facement are the traits engendered, then one can have little hope of active participation and contribution from this half of the population. It is essential to understand the female psyche and her socialization if we have to think in terms of growth and development. For this we have to understand various development crises that the female undergoes right from the time of birth. Gender role adoption gets defined, role preference, expectations and ability also is distinguished. In terms of food, clothing, social contacts, toys games, responsibility of household and development of personality, the girls is taught and reared differently from a boy. She is given good having less nutritional value; in behavior responses, she is taught to give in; in social behaviors responses, she is taught withdrawal; she is make to talk in a hush-hush fashion; she is given toys like dolls and kitchen articles, not pistols. In earlier stages she is asked to shoulder household responsibilities like serving food, cleaning etc.; in terms of personality traits submissiveness is favored. This process of differentiation continues in schools, girls are taught needlework and cooking whereas boys are taught like carpentry, tool work, or any other masculine role related craft. After creating all these environmental role differentiation, people start believing that girls by nature are dependent, indecisive, timid, shy, nervous and affiliative. Toward a theory of women and development: For women to become a vital force in their societies, change will have to be based on a new theory of development which embraces feminism. Feminism poses some challenges to development theory and praxis that must be addressed if any effective and inclusive work on bringing about a new order is to be done. It questions the artificial barriers between the political, social and economic aspects of society, and how individuals relate to these orders. Feminism asserts that the personal is political and personal change is a prerequisite to social change the internalization and subjectification of being change agent. It insists that the experience of women be recognized and validated in all work related to change. Examples of how this theory can be developed already exist, in progressive womens movements all over the world that are challenging the power of patriarchy. Women are organizing, speaking out against injustice in the home, work place and society. These struggles are not restricted to upper and middle class women (as we are often told), but evident in working class and peasant womens groups, who have a long history of struggle against oppression. Income generation For mainstream development models, development has meant the integration of developing countries into the international market system, whereby the notion of growth was to be manifested in increased economic production. Towards this end,

education and employment were considered a means for income generation therefore; it should come as no surprise that common surprise that common indicators used to determine womens involvement in development have been employment and education. When most women live in rural areas in a non-market economy(70-80